Count how many vowels and consonants occur in a string
- Task
- Count how many vowels and consonants occur in a string
- Metrics
- Counting
- Word frequency
- Letter frequency
- Jewels and stones
- I before E except after C
- Bioinformatics/base count
- Count occurrences of a substring
- Count how many vowels and consonants occur in a string
- Remove/replace
- XXXX redacted
- Conjugate a Latin verb
- Remove vowels from a string
- String interpolation (included)
- Strip block comments
- Strip comments from a string
- Strip a set of characters from a string
- Strip whitespace from a string -- top and tail
- Strip control codes and extended characters from a string
- Anagrams/Derangements/shuffling
- Word wheel
- ABC problem
- Sattolo cycle
- Knuth shuffle
- Ordered words
- Superpermutation minimisation
- Textonyms (using a phone text pad)
- Anagrams
- Anagrams/Deranged anagrams
- Permutations/Derangements
- Find/Search/Determine
- ABC words
- Odd words
- Word ladder
- Semordnilap
- Word search
- Wordiff (game)
- String matching
- Tea cup rim text
- Alternade words
- Changeable words
- State name puzzle
- String comparison
- Unique characters
- Unique characters in each string
- Extract file extension
- Levenshtein distance
- Palindrome detection
- Common list elements
- Longest common suffix
- Longest common prefix
- Compare a list of strings
- Longest common substring
- Find common directory path
- Words from neighbour ones
- Change e letters to i in words
- Non-continuous subsequences
- Longest common subsequence
- Longest palindromic substrings
- Longest increasing subsequence
- Words containing "the" substring
- Sum of the digits of n is substring of n
- Determine if a string is numeric
- Determine if a string is collapsible
- Determine if a string is squeezable
- Determine if a string has all unique characters
- Determine if a string has all the same characters
- Longest substrings without repeating characters
- Find words which contains all the vowels
- Find words which contain the most consonants
- Find words which contains more than 3 vowels
- Find words whose first and last three letters are equal
- Find words with alternating vowels and consonants
- Formatting
- Substring
- Rep-string
- Word wrap
- String case
- Align columns
- Literals/String
- Repeat a string
- Brace expansion
- Brace expansion using ranges
- Reverse a string
- Phrase reversals
- Comma quibbling
- Special characters
- String concatenation
- Substring/Top and tail
- Commatizing numbers
- Reverse words in a string
- Suffixation of decimal numbers
- Long literals, with continuations
- Numerical and alphabetical suffixes
- Abbreviations, easy
- Abbreviations, simple
- Abbreviations, automatic
- Song lyrics/poems/Mad Libs/phrases
- Mad Libs
- Magic 8-ball
- 99 bottles of beer
- The Name Game (a song)
- The Old lady swallowed a fly
- The Twelve Days of Christmas
- Tokenize
- Text between
- Tokenize a string
- Word break problem
- Tokenize a string with escaping
- Split a character string based on change of character
- Sequences
11l
F isvowel(c)
‘ true if c is an English vowel (ignore y) ’
R c C (‘a’, ‘e’, ‘i’, ‘o’, ‘u’, ‘A’, ‘E’, ‘I’, ‘O’, ‘U’)
F isletter(c)
‘ true if in English standard alphabet ’
R c C (‘a’..‘z’, ‘A’..‘Z’)
F isconsonant(c)
‘ true if an English consonant ’
R !isvowel(c) & isletter(c)
F vccounts(s)
‘ case insensitive vowel counts, total and unique ’
V a = Array(s.lowercase())
V au = Set(a)
R (sum( a.map(c -> Int(isvowel(c)))), sum( a.map(c -> Int(isconsonant(c)))),
sum(au.map(c -> Int(isvowel(c)))), sum(au.map(c -> Int(isconsonant(c)))))
V s = ‘Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.’
V (vcnt, ccnt, vu, cu) = vccounts(s)
print(‘String: ’s"\n Vowels: "vcnt‘ (distinct ’vu")\n Consonants: "ccnt‘ (distinct ’cu‘)’)
- Output:
String: Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. Vowels: 22 (distinct 5) Consonants: 31 (distinct 13)
AArch64 Assembly
/* ARM assembly AARCH64 Raspberry PI 3B */
/* program cptvoyelles64.s */
/*******************************************/
/* Constantes */
/*******************************************/
.include "../includeConstantesARM64.inc"
/*******************************************/
/* Macros */
/*******************************************/
//.include "../../ficmacros64.inc" // for developer debugging
/*********************************/
/* Initialized data */
/*********************************/
.data
szMessDebutPgm: .asciz "Program 64 bits start. \n"
szCarriageReturn: .asciz "\n"
szMessFinOK: .asciz "Program normal end. \n"
szMessErreur: .asciz "Error Buffer too small!!!\n"
szPhrase1: .ascii "hi there, how are you today?\n"
.ascii "I'd like to present to you the washing machine 9001.\n"
.ascii " You have been nominated to win one of these!\n"
.asciz " Just make sure you don't break it"
szPhraseTest: .asciz "AbcdefgHijkLmnopqr-stu;vwxyz"
szMessVoyel: .asciz "Vowels counter : "
szMessCons: .asciz "Consonants counter : "
/*********************************/
/* UnInitialized data */
/*********************************/
.bss
.align 4
sZoneConv: .skip 24
/*********************************/
/* code section */
/*********************************/
.text
.global main
main:
ldr x0,qAdrszMessDebutPgm
bl affichageMess // start message
ldr x4,qAdrszPhrase1 // load phrase adress
//ldr x4,qAdrszPhraseTest
mov x5,#0
mov x7,#0 // voyels counter
mov x8,#0 // consonne counter
1:
ldrb w1,[x4,x5]
cmp x1,#0 // final zero ?
beq 10f
cmp x1,#'a'
beq 4f
cmp x1,#'A'
beq 4f
cmp x1,#'e'
beq 4f
cmp x1,#'E'
beq 4f
cmp x1,#'i'
beq 4f
cmp x1,#'I'
beq 4f
cmp x1,#'o'
beq 4f
cmp x1,#'O'
beq 4f
cmp x1,#'u'
beq 4f
cmp x1,#'U'
beq 4f
cmp x1,#'y'
beq 4f
cmp x1,#'Y'
beq 4f
// consonants
cmp x1,#'B' // character less then B
blt 3f // no consonants
cmp x1,#'Z' // character less or equal then Z
ble 2f // yes ok
cmp x1,#'b' // character less then b
blt 3f // no consonants
cmp x1,#'z' // character less or equal then z
ble 2f // yes ok
b 3f
2:
add x8,x8,#1 // increment counter consonants
3:
add x5,x5,#1 // and loop
b 1b
4:
add x7,x7,#1 // increment counter voyell
add x5,x5,#1 // and loop
b 1b
10:
ldr x0,qAdrszMessVoyel
bl affichageMess
mov x0,x7 // voyel counter
ldr x1,qAdrsZoneConv
bl conversion10 // conversion decimal
ldr x0,qAdrsZoneConv
bl affichageMess
ldr x0,qAdrszCarriageReturn
bl affichageMess
ldr x0,qAdrszMessCons
bl affichageMess
mov x0,x8 // consonants counter
ldr x1,qAdrsZoneConv
bl conversion10 // conversion decimal
ldr x0,qAdrsZoneConv
bl affichageMess
ldr x0,qAdrszCarriageReturn
bl affichageMess
ldr x0,qAdrszMessFinOK
bl affichageMess
b 100f
99:
ldr x0,qAdrszMessErreur // error
bl affichageMess
mov x0, #1 // return code error
b 100f
100:
mov x8,EXIT
svc #0 // system call
qAdrszMessDebutPgm: .quad szMessDebutPgm
qAdrszMessFinOK: .quad szMessFinOK
qAdrszMessErreur: .quad szMessErreur
qAdrszPhrase1: .quad szPhrase1
qAdrszMessVoyel: .quad szMessVoyel
qAdrszMessCons: .quad szMessCons
qAdrsZoneConv: .quad sZoneConv
qAdrszCarriageReturn: .quad szCarriageReturn
qAdrszPhraseTest: .quad szPhraseTest
/***************************************************/
/* ROUTINES INCLUDE */
/***************************************************/
.include "../includeARM64.inc"
- Output:
Program 64 bits start. Vowels counter : 58 Consonants counter : 61 Program normal end.
Action!
PROC CountVovelsConsonants(CHAR ARRAY s BYTE POINTER vov,con)
BYTE i
CHAR c
vov^=0 con^=0
FOR i=1 TO s(0)
DO
c=s(i)
IF c>='A AND c<='Z THEN
c==+'a-'A
FI
IF c>='a AND c<='z THEN
IF c='a OR c='e OR c='i OR c='o OR c='u THEN
vov^==+1
ELSE
con^==+1
FI
FI
OD
RETURN
PROC Test(CHAR ARRAY s)
BYTE vov,con
PrintE("Input string:")
PrintE(s)
CountVovelsConsonants(s,@vov,@con)
PrintF("Vovel count=%I, consonant count=%I%E%E",vov,con)
RETURN
PROC Main()
Test("Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.")
Test("Forever Action! programming language")
RETURN
- Output:
Screenshot from Atari 8-bit computer
Input string: Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. Vovel count=22, consonant count=31 Input string: Forever Action! programming language Vovel count=13, consonant count=19
Ada
This solution uses Ada 2012 aspect clauses to define discontinuous subtypes
--
-- count vowels and consonants in a string
--
with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
procedure count_vowels_and_consonants is
subtype letter is Character with
Static_Predicate => letter in 'A' .. 'Z' | 'a' .. 'z';
subtype Vowel is Character with
Static_Predicate => Vowel in 'A' | 'E' | 'I' | 'O' | 'U' | 'a' | 'e' |
'i' | 'o' | 'u';
subtype consonant is Character with
Dynamic_Predicate => consonant in letter
and then consonant not in Vowel;
Input : String (1 .. 1_024);
length : Natural;
consonant_count : Natural := 0;
vowel_count : Natural := 0;
begin
Put ("Enter a string: ");
Get_Line (Item => Input, Last => length);
-- count consonants
for char of Input (1 .. length) loop
if char in consonant then
consonant_count := consonant_count + 1;
elsif char in Vowel then
vowel_count := vowel_count + 1;
end if;
end loop;
Put_Line ('"' & Input (1 .. length) & '"');
Put_Line
("contains" & vowel_count'Image & " vowels and" & consonant_count'Image &
" consonants.");
end count_vowels_and_consonants;
- Output:
Enter a string: If not now then when? If not us then who? "If not now then when? If not us then who?" contains 10 vowels and 20 consonants.
ALGOL 68
Showing total and distinct vowel/consonant counts, as in the Go, Wren etc. samples.
BEGIN # count the vowels and consonants in a string #
# returns the 0-based index of the upper case letter c in the alphabet #
# or -1 if c is not a letter #
OP L = ( CHAR c )INT:
IF c >= "A" AND c <= "Z" THEN ABS c - ABS "A" ELIF c >= "a" AND c <= "z" THEN ABS c - ABS "a" ELSE -1 FI;
# prints the counts of vowels and consonants in s #
PROC print vc counts = ( STRING s )VOID:
BEGIN
[ 0 : 26 ]BOOL used; FOR i FROM LWB used TO UPB used DO used[ i ] := FALSE OD;
[ 0 : 26 ]BOOL vowel; FOR i FROM LWB vowel TO UPB vowel DO vowel[ i ] := FALSE OD;
vowel[ L "A" ] := vowel[ L "E" ] := vowel[ L "I" ] := vowel[ L "O" ] := vowel[ L "U" ] := TRUE;
INT v total := 0, c total := 0, v count := 0, c count := 0;
FOR i FROM LWB s TO UPB s DO
IF INT c index = L s[ i ];
c index >= LWB used
THEN
IF vowel[ c index ] THEN v total ELSE c total FI +:= 1;
IF NOT used[ c index ] THEN
IF vowel[ c index ] THEN v count ELSE c count FI +:= 1;
used[ c index ] := TRUE
FI
FI
OD;
print( ( """", s, """ contains", newline ) );
print( ( " ", whole( v count, 0 ), " vowels and ", whole( c count, 0 ), " consonants (distinct)", newline ) );
print( ( " ", whole( v total, 0 ), " vowels and ", whole( c total, 0 ), " consonants (total)", newline ) )
END; # print vc counts #
# test cases #
print vc counts( "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country" );
print vc counts( "Help avoid turns" )
END
- Output:
"Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country" contains 5 vowels and 13 consonants (distinct) 22 vowels and 31 consonants (total) "Help avoid turns" contains 5 vowels and 9 consonants (distinct) 5 vowels and 9 consonants (total)
Applesoft BASIC
100 DIM V(255),C(255)
110 FOR I = 0 TO 3
120 FOR V = 1 TO 5
130 V( ASC ( MID$ ("AEIOU",V,1)) + VAL ( MID$ ("000032128160",I * 3 + 1,3))) = 1
140 NEXT V,I
150 FOR I = 0 TO 3
160 FOR C = 1 TO 26
170 C( VAL ( MID$ ("064096192224",I * 3 + 1,3)) + C) = NOT V(64 + C)
180 NEXT C,I
190 DEF FN L(C) = C(C) OR V(C)
200 S$ = "This is 1 string" + CHR$ (13)
210 GOSUB 290
220 S$ = "This is a second string" + CHR$ (13)
230 GOSUB 290
240 PRINT "a: "V( ASC ("a"))
250 PRINT "b: "V( ASC ("b"))
260 PRINT "Z: "C( ASC ("Z"))
270 PRINT "1: " FN L( ASC ("1"))
280 END
290 GOSUB 340"VOWELS"
300 PRINT N", ";
310 GOSUB 410"CONSONANTS"
320 PRINT N", "L", "S$
330 RETURN
340 N = 0
350 L = LEN (S$)
360 IF NOT L THEN RETURN
370 FOR I = 1 TO L
380 N = N + V( ASC ( MID$ (S$,I,1)))
390 NEXT I
400 RETURN
410 N = 0
420 L = LEN (S$)
430 IF NOT L THEN RETURN
440 FOR I = 1 TO L
450 N = N + C( ASC ( MID$ (S$,I,1)))
460 NEXT I
470 RETURN
ARM Assembly
/* ARM assembly Raspberry PI */
/* program cptvoyelles.s */
/* REMARK 1 : this program use routines in a include file
see task Include a file language arm assembly
for the routine affichageMess conversion10
see at end of this program the instruction include */
/*******************************************/
/* Constantes */
/*******************************************/
.include "../constantes.inc"
/*******************************************/
/* Macros */
/*******************************************/
//.include "../../ficmacros32.inc" @ for developer debugging
/*********************************/
/* Initialized data */
/*********************************/
.data
szMessDebutPgm: .asciz "Program 32 bits start. \n"
szCarriageReturn: .asciz "\n"
szMessFinOK: .asciz "Program normal end. \n"
szMessErreur: .asciz "Error Buffer too small!!!\n"
szPhrase1: .ascii "hi there, how are you today?\n"
.ascii "I'd like to present to you the washing machine 9001.\n"
.ascii " You have been nominated to win one of these!\n"
.asciz " Just make sure you don't break it"
szPhraseTest: .asciz "AbcdefgHijkLmnopqr-stu;vwxyz"
szMessVoyel: .asciz "Vowels counter : "
szMessCons: .asciz "Consonants counter : "
/*********************************/
/* UnInitialized data */
/*********************************/
.bss
.align 4
sZoneConv: .skip 24
/*********************************/
/* code section */
/*********************************/
.text
.global main
main:
ldr r0,iAdrszMessDebutPgm
bl affichageMess @ start message
ldr r4,iAdrszPhrase1 @ load phrase adress
//ldr r4,iAdrszPhraseTest
mov r5,#0
mov r7,#0 @ voyels counter
mov r8,#0 @ consonne counter
1:
ldrb r1,[r4,r5]
cmp r1,#0 @ final zero ?
beq 10f
cmp r1,#'a'
beq 4f
cmp r1,#'A'
beq 4f
cmp r1,#'e'
beq 4f
cmp r1,#'E'
beq 4f
cmp r1,#'i'
beq 4f
cmp r1,#'I'
beq 4f
cmp r1,#'o'
beq 4f
cmp r1,#'O'
beq 4f
cmp r1,#'u'
beq 4f
cmp r1,#'U'
beq 4f
cmp r1,#'y'
beq 4f
cmp r1,#'Y'
beq 4f
@ consonants
cmp r1,#'B' @ character less then B
blt 3f @ no consonants
cmp r1,#'Z' @ character less or equal then Z
ble 2f @ yes ok
cmp r1,#'b' @ character less then b
blt 3f @ no consonants
cmp r1,#'z' @ character less or equal then z
ble 2f @ yes ok
b 3f
2:
add r8,r8,#1 @ increment counter consonants
3:
add r5,r5,#1 @ and loop
b 1b
4:
add r7,r7,#1 @ increment counter voyell
add r5,r5,#1 @ and loop
b 1b
10:
ldr r0,iAdrszMessVoyel
bl affichageMess
mov r0,r7 @ voyel counter
ldr r1,iAdrsZoneConv
bl conversion10 @ conversion decimal
ldr r0,iAdrsZoneConv
bl affichageMess
ldr r0,iAdrszCarriageReturn
bl affichageMess
ldr r0,iAdrszMessCons
bl affichageMess
mov r0,r8 @ consonants counter
ldr r1,iAdrsZoneConv
bl conversion10 @ conversion decimal
ldr r0,iAdrsZoneConv
bl affichageMess
ldr r0,iAdrszCarriageReturn
bl affichageMess
ldr r0,iAdrszMessFinOK
bl affichageMess
b 100f
99:
ldr r0,iAdrszMessErreur @ error
bl affichageMess
mov r0, #1 @ return code error
b 100f
100:
mov r7,#EXIT @ program end
svc #0 @ system call
iAdrszMessDebutPgm: .int szMessDebutPgm
iAdrszMessFinOK: .int szMessFinOK
iAdrszMessErreur: .int szMessErreur
iAdrszPhrase1: .int szPhrase1
iAdrszMessVoyel: .int szMessVoyel
iAdrszMessCons: .int szMessCons
iAdrsZoneConv: .int sZoneConv
iAdrszCarriageReturn: .int szCarriageReturn
iAdrszPhraseTest: .int szPhraseTest
/***************************************************/
/* ROUTINES INCLUDE */
/***************************************************/
.include "../affichage.inc"
- Output:
Program 32 bits start. Vowels counter : 58 Consonants counter : 61 Program normal end.
Arturo
vRe: {/[aeiou]/}
cRe: {/[bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz]/}
str: lower "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."
vowels: match str vRe
consonants: match str cRe
print ["Found" size vowels "vowels -" size unique vowels "unique"]
print ["Found" size consonants "consonants -" size unique consonants "unique"]
- Output:
Found 22 vowels - 5 unique Found 31 consonants - 13 unique
AutoHotkey
str := "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."
oV:= [], oC := [], v := c := o := 0
for i, ch in StrSplit(str)
if (ch ~= "i)[AEIOU]")
v++, oV[ch] := (oV[ch]?oV[ch]:0) + 1
else if (ch ~= "i)[A-Z]")
c++, oC[ch] := (oC[ch]?oC[ch]:0) + 1
else
o++
Vowels := "{"
for ch, count in oV
Vowels .= """" ch """:" count ", "
Vowels := Trim(Vowels , ", ") "}"
Consonants := "{"
for ch, count in oC
Consonants .= """" ch """:" count ", "
Consonants := Trim(Consonants , ", ") "}"
MsgBox % result := str "`n`n" v+c+o " characters, " v " vowels, " c " consonants and " o " other"
. "`n" Vowels "`n" Consonants
- Output:
Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. 69 characters, 22 vowels, 31 consonants and 16 other {"a":2, "e":6, "i":4, "o":9, "u":1} {"c":2, "d":2, "f":2, "g":1, "h":3, "l":2, "m":3, "N":3, "r":3, "s":1, "t":7, "w":1, "y":1}
AWK
# syntax: GAWK -f COUNT_HOW_MANY_VOWELS_AND_CONSONANTS_OCCUR_IN_A_STRING.AWK
BEGIN {
str = "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."
printf("%s\n",str)
str = toupper(str)
for (i=1; i<=length(str); i++) {
if (substr(str,i,1) ~ /[AEIOU]/) {
count_vowels++
}
else if (substr(str,i,1) ~ /[BCDFGHJKLMNPQRSTVWXYZ]/) {
count_consonants++
}
else {
count_other++
}
}
printf("%d characters, %d vowels, %d consonants, %d other\n",length(str),count_vowels,count_consonants,count_other)
exit(0)
}
- Output:
Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. 69 characters, 22 vowels, 31 consonants, 16 other
BCPL
get "libhdr"
let ucase(c) =
'a' <= c <= 'z' -> c - 32,
c
let letter(c) = 'A' <= ucase(c) <= 'Z'
let vowel(c) =
ucase(c) = 'A' |
ucase(c) = 'E' |
ucase(c) = 'I' |
ucase(c) = 'O' |
ucase(c) = 'U'
let consonant(c) = letter(c) & ~vowel(c)
let count(p, s) = valof
$( let total = 0
for i = 1 to s%0
if p(s%i) then total := total + 1
resultis total
$)
let example(s) be
$( let v = count(vowel,s)
let c = count(consonant,s)
writef("'%S': %N vowels, %N consonants.*N", s, v, c)
$)
let start() be
example("If not now, then when? If not us, then who?")
- Output:
'If not now, then when? If not us, then who?': 10 vowels, 20 consonants.
C
/*
https://rosettacode.org/wiki/Count_how_many_vowels_and_consonants_occur_in_a_string
*/
#include <stdio.h>
char vowels[] = {'a','e','i','o','u','\n'};
int len(char * str) {
int i = 0;
while (str[i] != '\n') i++;
return i;
}
int isvowel(char c){
int b = 0;
int v = len(vowels);
for(int i = 0; i < v;i++) {
if(c == vowels[i]) {
b = 1;
break;
}
}
return b;
}
int isletter(char c){
return ((c >= 'a') && (c <= 'z') || (c >= 'A') && (c <= 'Z'));
}
int isconsonant(char c){
return isletter(c) && !isvowel(c);
}
int cVowels(char * str) {
int i = 0;
int count = 0;
while (str[i] != '\n') {
if (isvowel(str[i])) {
count++;;
}
i++;
}
return count;
}
int cConsonants(char * str ) {
int i = 0;
int count = 0;
while (str[i] != '\n') {
if (isconsonant(str[i])) {
count++;
}
i++;
}
return count;
}
int main() {
char buff[] = "This is 1 string\n";
printf("%4d, %4d, %4d, %s\n", cVowels(buff), cConsonants(buff), len(buff), buff);
char buff2[] = "This is a second string\n";
printf("%4d, %4d, %4d, %s\n", cVowels(buff2), cConsonants(buff2), len(buff2), buff2);
printf("a: %d\n", isvowel('a'));
printf("b: %d\n", isvowel('b'));
printf("Z: %d\n", isconsonant('Z'));
printf("1: %d\n", isletter('1'));
}
- Output:
3, 9, 16, This is 1 string 6, 13, 23, This is a second string a: 1 b: 0 Z: 1 1: 0
CLU
ucase = proc (c: char) returns (char)
if c>='a' & c<='z' then return(char$i2c(char$c2i(c)-32))
else return(c)
end
end ucase
letter = proc (c: char) returns (bool)
c := ucase(c)
return(c >= 'A' & c <= 'Z')
end letter
vowel = proc (c: char) returns (bool)
return(string$indexc(ucase(c), "AEIOU") ~= 0)
end vowel
consonant = proc (c: char) returns (bool)
return(letter(c) & ~vowel(c))
end consonant
vowels_and_consonants = proc (s: string) returns (int,int)
vs: int := 0
cs: int := 0
for c: char in string$chars(s) do
if vowel(c) then vs := vs+1
elseif consonant(c) then cs := cs+1
end
end
return(vs,cs)
end vowels_and_consonants
example = proc (s: string)
po: stream := stream$primary_output()
v, c: int := vowels_and_consonants(s)
stream$putl(po, "\"" || s || "\": " || int$unparse(v)
|| " vowels, " || int$unparse(c)
|| " consonants.")
end example
start_up = proc ()
example("If not now, then when? If not us, then who?")
end start_up
- Output:
"If not now, then when? If not us, then who?": 10 vowels, 20 consonants.
COBOL
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. VOWELS-AND-CONSONANTS.
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 CONSTANTS.
03 LETTERS-DAT.
05 FILLER PIC X(5) VALUE "AEIOU".
05 FILLER PIC X(5) VALUE "aeiou".
05 FILLER PIC X(21) VALUE "BCDFGHJKLMNPQRSTVWXYZ".
05 FILLER PIC X(21) VALUE "bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz".
03 LETTERS REDEFINES LETTERS-DAT.
05 VOWELS PIC X OCCURS 10 TIMES INDEXED BY V.
05 CONSONANTS PIC X OCCURS 42 TIMES INDEXED BY C.
01 VARIABLES.
03 IN-STR PIC X(80).
03 N-VOWELS PIC 99.
03 N-CONSONANTS PIC 99.
01 REPORT.
03 R-VOWELS PIC Z9.
03 FILLER PIC X(9) VALUE " vowels, ".
03 R-CONSONANTS PIC Z9.
03 FILLER PIC X(12) VALUE " consonants.".
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
BEGIN.
MOVE "If not now, then when? If not us, then who?"
TO IN-STR.
PERFORM COUNT-AND-SHOW.
STOP RUN.
COUNT-AND-SHOW.
DISPLAY IN-STR.
PERFORM COUNT-VOWELS-AND-CONSONANTS.
MOVE N-VOWELS TO R-VOWELS.
MOVE N-CONSONANTS TO R-CONSONANTS.
DISPLAY REPORT.
COUNT-VOWELS-AND-CONSONANTS.
MOVE ZERO TO N-VOWELS, N-CONSONANTS.
SET V TO 1.
PERFORM COUNT-VOWEL 10 TIMES.
SET C TO 1.
PERFORM COUNT-CONSONANT 42 TIMES.
COUNT-VOWEL.
INSPECT IN-STR TALLYING N-VOWELS FOR ALL VOWELS(V).
SET V UP BY 1.
COUNT-CONSONANT.
INSPECT IN-STR TALLYING N-CONSONANTS FOR ALL CONSONANTS(C).
SET C UP BY 1.
- Output:
If not now, then when? If not us, then who? 10 vowels, 20 consonants.
Common Lisp
(defun vowel-p (c &optional (vowels "aeiou"))
(and (characterp c) (characterp (find c vowels :test #'char-equal))))
(defun count-vowels (s)
(and (stringp s) (count-if #'vowel-p s)))
(defun count-consonants (s)
(and (stringp s) (- (count-if #'alpha-char-p s) (count-vowels s))))
Cowgol
include "cowgol.coh";
sub vowels_consonants(s: [uint8]): (vowels: intptr, consonants: intptr) is
vowels := 0;
consonants := 0;
while [s] != 0 loop
var ch := [s] | 32;
if ch >= 'a' and ch <= 'z' then
if ch == 'a' or ch == 'e' or ch == 'i'
or ch == 'o' or ch == 'u' then
vowels := vowels + 1;
else
consonants := consonants + 1;
end if;
end if;
s := @next s;
end loop;
end sub;
sub example(s: [uint8]) is
var vowels: intptr;
var consonants: intptr;
(vowels, consonants) := vowels_consonants(s);
print("'");
print(s);
print("': ");
print_i32(vowels as uint32);
print(" vowels, ");
print_i32(consonants as uint32);
print(" consonants.");
print_nl();
end sub;
example("If not now, then when? If not us, then who?");
- Output:
'If not now, then when? If not us, then who?': 10 vowels, 20 consonants.
Delphi
Makes extensive use of "sets" to find vowels and consonants and determine if they are unique.
const TestStr1: string = 'Delphi is delightful.';
const TestStr2: string = 'Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.';
type TCharSet = set of 'a'..'z';
procedure VowelConsonant(S: string; Memo: TMemo);
{Find number of total and unique vowels and consonants}
const Vows: TCharSet = ['a','e','i','o','u'];
const Cons: TCharSet = ['a'..'z']-['a','e','i','o','u'];
var VowSet,ConSet: TCharSet;
var VCnt,CCnt,UVCnt,UCCnt,I: integer;
procedure HandleMatch(C: char; var Cnt,UCnt: integer; var CSet: TCharSet);
{Handle set matching and incrementing operations}
begin
Inc(Cnt);
if not (C in CSet) then Inc(UCnt);
Include(CSet,C);
end;
begin
Memo.Lines.Add(S);
VCnt:=0; CCnt:=0;
UVCnt:=0;UCCnt:=0;
S:=LowerCase(S);
for I:=1 to Length(S) do
begin
{Test if character is vowel or consonant}
if S[I] in Vows then HandleMatch(S[I],VCnt,UVCnt,VowSet)
else if S[I] in Cons then HandleMatch(S[I],CCnt,UCCnt,ConSet);
end;
Memo.Lines.Add('Vowels: '+IntToStr(VCnt));
Memo.Lines.Add('Consonants: '+IntToStr(CCnt));
Memo.Lines.Add('Unique Vowels: '+IntToStr(UVCnt));
Memo.Lines.Add('Unique Consonants: '+IntToStr(UCCnt));
end;
procedure DoVowelConsonantTest(Memo: TMemo);
{Test two strings for vowels/consonants}
begin
VowelConsonant(TestStr1,Memo);
Memo.Lines.Add('');
VowelConsonant(TestStr2,Memo);
end;
- Output:
Delphi is delightful. Vowels: 6 Consonants: 12 Unique Vowels: 3 Unique Consonants: 8 Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. Vowels: 22 Consonants: 31 Unique Vowels: 5 Unique Consonants: 13
DuckDB
In this entry, non-alphabetic characters (i.e. apart from a-z and A-Z) are ignored.
In Part 1, a table-valued function, `synopsis(string)`, is defined.
In Part 2, a synopsis in the form of a JSON object is produced for each string in a table of strings.
Part 1: synopis(string)
create or replace function is_lowercase_vowel(c) as (
list_contains(['a','e','i','o','u'], c)
);
create or replace function is_lowercase_letter(c) as (
'a' <= c and c <= 'z'
);
create or replace function is_lowercase_consonant(c) as (
is_lowercase_letter(c) and NOT is_lowercase_vowel(c)
);
create or replace function synopsis(string) as table (
with characters as (select unnest(regexp_extract_all(lower(string), '[A-Za-z]')) as c),
lcv as (select count(*) from characters where is_lowercase_vowel(c)),
lcc as (select count(*) from characters where is_lowercase_consonant(c)),
dv as (select count(distinct c) from characters where is_lowercase_vowel(c)),
dc as (select count(distinct c) from characters where is_lowercase_consonant(c))
select string as string,
(from lcv) as vowels, (from lcc) as consonants,
(from dv) as 'distinct vowels', (from dc) as 'distinct consonants'
);
.mode line
from synopsis('Forever HOPL');
.print
from synopsis('Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.');
- Output:
string = Forever HOPL vowels = 4 consonants = 7 distinct vowels = 2 distinct consonants = 6 string = Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. vowels = 22 consonants = 31 distinct vowels = 5 distinct consonants = 13
Part 2: JSON synopses
create or replace table strings(string VARCHAR);
insert into strings values
('Forever HOPL'),
('Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.');
create or replace function json_synopsis(string) as (
with s as (from synopsis(string)),
t as (select s from s)
select s::JSON from t
);
.mode list
select json_synopsis(string) from strings;
- Output:
{"string":"Forever HOPL","vowels":4,"consonants":7,"distinct vowels":2,"distinct consonants":6} {"string":"Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.","vowels":22,"consonants":31,"distinct vowels":5,"distinct consonants":13}
EasyLang
proc count s$ . .
for c$ in strchars s$
c = strcode c$
if c >= 97 and c <= 122
c -= 32
.
if c >= 65 and c <= 91
c$ = strchar c
if c$ = "A" or c$ = "E" or c$ = "I" or c$ = "O" or c$ = "U"
vow += 1
else
cons += 1
.
.
.
print "There are " & vow & " vowels and " & cons & " consonants"
.
count "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."
ed
Uses non-portable GNU Ed i suffix for case-insensitive matching.
H
,p
,j
s/[^[:alpha:]]//g
# Turn vowels into exclamations and consonants into commas
s/[aeiou]/!/gi
s/[b-df-hj-np-tv-z]/,/gi
# Sort the values to put vovels first
# (repeat as many times as necessary)
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
s/(,+)(!+)/\2\1/g
# Split vowels and consontants lines
s/!,/!\
,/
,p
Q
- Output:
$ cat vowels-consonants.ed | ed -lEGs vowels-consonants.input Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
And then count the exclamation marks and commas manually?
F#
// Count how many vowels and consonants occur in a string. Nigel Galloway: August 1th., 202
type cType = Vowel |Consonant |Other
let fN g=match g with 'a'|'e'|'i'|'o'|'u'->Vowel |g when System.Char.IsLetter g->Consonant |_->Other
let n="Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."|>Seq.countBy(System.Char.ToLower>>fN)
printfn "%A" n
- Output:
seq [(Consonant, 31); (Vowel, 22); (Other, 16)]
Factor
USING: ascii combinators io kernel math.statistics prettyprint
sequences ;
: letter-type ( char -- str )
{
{ [ dup "aeiouAEIOU" member? ] [ drop "vowel" ] }
{ [ Letter? ] [ "consonant" ] }
[ "other" ]
} cond ;
"Forever Factor programming language"
"Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."
[ dup ... " -> " write [ letter-type ] histogram-by . nl ] bi@
- Output:
"Forever Factor programming language" -> H{ { "other" 3 } { "consonant" 20 } { "vowel" 12 } } "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country." -> H{ { "other" 16 } { "consonant" 31 } { "vowel" 22 } }
FreeBASIC
Dim As String cadena = """Forever the FreeBASIC programming language"""
Dim As Integer vocal = 0, consonante = 0
Function isVowel (Byval n As String) As Boolean
Select Case Asc(n)
Case 97, 65, 101, 69, 105, 73, 111, 79, 117, 85 'aAeEiIoOuU
Return True
Case Else
Return False
End Select
End Function
Function isConsonant (Byval c As String) As Boolean
Dim As Boolean bool1, bool2, bool3
bool1 = Not isvowel(c)
bool2 = (Asc(c) > 64 And Asc(c) < 91)
bool3 = (Asc(c) > 96 And Asc(c) < 123)
If bool1 And (bool2 Or bool3) Then
Return True
Else
Return False
End If
End Function
For n As Integer = 1 To Len(cadena)
Dim As String letra = Mid(cadena,n,1)
If isVowel(letra) Then vocal += 1
If isConsonant(letra) Then consonante += 1
Next n
Print "Input string = "; cadena
Print "In string occur"; vocal; " vowels"
Print "In string occur"; consonante; " consonants"
Sleep
- Output:
Input string = "Forever the FreeBASIC programming language" In string occur 15 vowels In string occur 23 consonants
FutureBasic
include "NSLog.incl"
void local fn StringGetVowelAndConsonantCount( string as CFStringRef, vowels as ^long, consonents as ^long )
CFCharacterSetRef vowelSet = fn CharacterSetWithCharactersInString( @"aeiou" )
CFMutableCharacterSetRef consonantSet = fn MutableCharacterSetLetterSet
fn MutableCharacterSetRemoveCharactersInString( consonantSet, @"aeiou" )
*vowels = len( fn StringComponentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet( string, vowelSet ) ) - 1
*consonents = len( fn StringComponentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet( string, consonantSet ) ) - 1
end fn
void local fn DoIt
long index, vowels, consonants
CFArrayRef strings = @[@"abcdefghijklmnop345qrstuvwxyz",
@"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog",
@"The answer my friend is blowin' in the wind"]
for index = 0 to len(strings) - 1
fn StringGetVowelAndConsonantCount( strings[index], @vowels, @consonants )
NSLog(@"\"%@\" contains %ld vowels and %ld consonants",strings[index],vowels,consonants)
next
end fn
fn Doit
HandleEvents
- Output:
"abcdefghijklmnop345qrstuvwxyz" contains 5 vowels and 21 consonants "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" contains 11 vowels and 24 consonants "The answer my friend is blowin' in the wind" contains 11 vowels and 23 consonants
Go
Same approach as the Wren entry.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"strings"
)
func main() {
const (
vowels = "aeiou"
consonants = "bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz"
)
strs := []string{
"Forever Go programming language",
"Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.",
}
for _, str := range strs {
fmt.Println(str)
str = strings.ToLower(str)
vc, cc := 0, 0
vmap := make(map[rune]bool)
cmap := make(map[rune]bool)
for _, c := range str {
if strings.ContainsRune(vowels, c) {
vc++
vmap[c] = true
} else if strings.ContainsRune(consonants, c) {
cc++
cmap[c] = true
}
}
fmt.Printf("contains (total) %d vowels and %d consonants.\n", vc, cc)
fmt.Printf("contains (distinct %d vowels and %d consonants.\n\n", len(vmap), len(cmap))
}
}
- Output:
Forever Go programming language contains (total) 11 vowels and 17 consonants. contains (distinct 5 vowels and 8 consonants. Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. contains (total) 22 vowels and 31 consonants. contains (distinct 5 vowels and 13 consonants.
Haskell
The English of the task description is (perhaps unintentionally ?) ambiguous.
One of (at least) four possible meanings here:
import Control.Monad (join)
import Data.Bifunctor (bimap, first, second)
import Data.Bool (bool)
import Data.Char (toUpper)
import qualified Data.Set as S
----- SETS OF UNIQUE VOWELS AND CONSONANTS IN A STRING ---
vowelsAndConsonantsUsed ::
String -> String -> String -> (S.Set Char, S.Set Char)
vowelsAndConsonantsUsed vowels alphabet =
foldr
( \c vc ->
if_
(S.member c vs)
(first (S.insert c))
(if_ (S.member c cs) (second (S.insert c)) id)
vc
)
(S.empty, S.empty)
where
vs = S.fromList $ vowels <> fmap toUpper vowels
cs =
S.fromList $
filter
(`S.notMember` vs)
(alphabet <> fmap toUpper alphabet)
--------------------------- TEST -------------------------
main :: IO ()
main = do
putStrLn "Unique vowels and consonants used, with counts:\n"
mapM_ print $
[(,) . S.toList <*> S.size]
<*> ( [fst, snd]
<*> [ vowelsAndConsonantsUsed
"aeiou"
['a' .. 'z']
"Forever Fortran 2018 programming language"
]
)
------------------------- GENERAL ------------------------
both :: (a -> b) -> (a, a) -> (b, b)
both = join bimap
if_ :: Bool -> a -> a -> a
if_ p t f =
if p
then t
else f
- Output:
Unique vowels and consonants used, with counts: ("aeiou",5) ("Fglmnprtv",9)
Another of (at least) four possible meanings:
import Control.Monad (join)
import Data.Bifunctor (bimap)
import Data.Char (isAlpha)
import Data.List (intercalate, partition)
import qualified Data.Map.Strict as M
------------ COUNTS OF EACH VOWEL AND CONSONANT ----------
vowelAndConsonantCounts ::
String ->
([(Char, Int)], [(Char, Int)])
vowelAndConsonantCounts =
join bimap M.toList
. M.partitionWithKey (const . isVowel)
. fst
. M.partitionWithKey (const . isAlpha)
. charCounts
charCounts :: String -> M.Map Char Int
charCounts =
foldr
(flip (M.insertWith (+)) 1)
M.empty
isVowel :: Char -> Bool
isVowel = (`elem` "aeiouAEIOU")
--------------------------- TEST -------------------------
main :: IO ()
main = do
let (v, c) =
vowelAndConsonantCounts
"Forever Fortran 2018 programming language"
(vTotal, cTotal) =
both
(foldr ((+) . snd) 0)
(v, c)
putStrLn $
unlines $
[ show (vTotal + cTotal)
<> " 'vowels and consonants'\n"
]
<> fmap
('\t' :)
( concatMap
report
[ ("vowels", vTotal, v),
("consonants", cTotal, c)
]
)
------------------------ FORMATTING ----------------------
report :: (String, Int, [(Char, Int)]) -> [String]
report (label, total, xs) =
[ show total
<> ( " characters drawn from "
<> show (length xs)
<> (' ' : label)
<> ":"
)
]
<> (('\t' :) . show <$> xs)
<> [""]
------------------------- GENERIC ------------------------
both :: (a -> b) -> (a, a) -> (b, b)
both = join bimap
- Output:
33 'vowels and consonants' 12 characters drawn from 5 vowels: ('a',4) ('e',3) ('i',1) ('o',3) ('u',1) 21 characters drawn from 9 consonants: ('F',2) ('g',4) ('l',1) ('m',2) ('n',3) ('p',1) ('r',6) ('t',1) ('v',1)
J
For this task, we restrict ourselves to english letters, and treat the semivowels (w
and y
) as consonants.
Implementation (two tallies: vowels first, consonants second):
vowel=: (,toupper) 'aeiou'
consonant=: (,toupper) (a.{~97+i.16) -. vowel
vctally=: e.&vowel ,&(+/) e.&consonant
Examples:
vctally 'Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.'
22 18
vctally 'Forever Action! programming language'
13 13
An alternative expression for consonant
could be:
consonant=: (a.#~2|'@Z`z'I.a.) -. vowel
JavaScript
This is a new genre of deliberately ambiguous task description, perhaps ?
I suppose it might be thought to offer scope for variety, but is it really consistent with the core Rosetta goal of comparability ?
(There seem to have been a surprising number of these recently, often associated with tasks of uncertain novelty ...)
Count of "Vowels and Consonants" ?
(() => {
"use strict";
// -------- COUNT OF "VOWELS AND CONSONANTS" ---------
// countOfVowelsAndConsonants :: String -> Int
const countOfVowelsAndConsonants = s =>
Array.from(s).filter(isAlpha).length;
// ---------------------- TEST -----------------------
const main = () =>
`${countOfVowelsAndConsonants(
"Forever Fortran 2018 programming language"
)} "vowels and consonants"`;
// --------------------- GENERIC ---------------------
// isAlpha :: Char -> Bool
const isAlpha = c =>
(/[A-Za-z\u00C0-\u00FF]/u).test(c);
// MAIN ---
return main();
})();
- Output:
33 "vowels and consonants"
Counts of distinct vowels and distinct consonants seen ?
(() => {
"use strict";
// NUMBERS OF DISTINCT VOWELS, AND DISTINCT CONSONANTS
// distinctVowelsAndConsonants ::
// String -> ([Char], [Char])
const distinctVowelsAndConsonants = s =>
both(
cs => sort(Array.from(new Set(cs)))
)(
partition(isVowel)(
Array.from(s).filter(isAlpha)
)
);
// ---------------------- TEST -----------------------
// main :: IO ()
const main = () => {
const vc = both(
cs => `(${cs.join("")}, ${cs.length})`
)(
distinctVowelsAndConsonants(
"Forever Fortran 2018 programming language"
)
);
return [
`Distinct vowels: ${vc[0]}`,
`Distict consonants: ${vc[1]}`
].join("\n\n");
};
// --------------------- GENERIC ---------------------
// Tuple (,) :: a -> b -> (a, b)
const Tuple = a =>
b => ({
type: "Tuple",
"0": a,
"1": b,
length: 2
});
// both :: (a -> b) -> (a, a) -> (b, b)
const both = f =>
ab => Tuple(
f(ab[0])
)(
f(ab[1])
);
// isAlpha :: Char -> Bool
const isAlpha = c =>
(/[A-Za-z\u00C0-\u00FF]/u).test(c);
// isVowel :: Char -> Bool
const isVowel = c =>
(/[AEIOUaeiou]/u).test(c);
// partition :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
const partition = p =>
// A tuple of two lists - those elements in
// xs which match p, and those which do not.
xs => xs.reduce(
(a, x) => p(x) ? (
Tuple(a[0].concat(x))(a[1])
) : Tuple(a[0])(a[1].concat(x)),
Tuple([])([])
);
// sort :: Ord a => [a] -> [a]
const sort = xs =>
// An A-Z sorted copy of xs.
xs.slice()
.sort((a, b) => a < b ? -1 : (a > b ? 1 : 0));
// MAIN ---
return main();
})();
- Output:
Distinct vowels: (aeiou, 5) Distict consonants: (Fglmnprtv, 9)
Counts of vowel and consonant occurrences ?
(() => {
"use strict";
// ---- COUNTS OF VOWEL AND CONSONANT OCCURRENCES ----
// vowelConsonantOccurrenceTotals :: String -> (Int, Int)
const vowelConsonantOccurrenceTotals = s =>
Array.from(s).reduce(
(ab, c) => (
isAlpha(c) ? (
isVowel(c) ? (
first(succ)
) : second(succ)
) : identity
)(ab),
Tuple(0)(0)
);
// ---------------------- TEST -----------------------
const main = () => {
const vc =
vowelConsonantOccurrenceTotals(
"Forever Fortran 2018 programming language"
);
return [
`Vowel occurrences: ${vc[0]}`,
`Consonent occurrences: ${vc[1]}`
].join("\n\n");
};
// --------------------- GENERIC ---------------------
// Tuple (,) :: a -> b -> (a, b)
const Tuple = a =>
b => ({
type: "Tuple",
"0": a,
"1": b,
length: 2
});
// first :: (a -> b) -> ((a, c) -> (b, c))
const first = f =>
// A simple function lifted to one which applies
// to a tuple, transforming only its first item.
xy => {
const tpl = Tuple(f(xy[0]))(xy[1]);
return Array.isArray(xy) ? (
Array.from(tpl)
) : tpl;
};
// identity :: a -> a
const identity = x =>
// The identity function.
x;
// isAlpha :: Char -> Bool
const isAlpha = c =>
(/[A-Za-z\u00C0-\u00FF]/u).test(c);
// isVowel :: Char -> Bool
const isVowel = c =>
(/[AEIOUaeiou]/u).test(c);
// second :: (a -> b) -> ((c, a) -> (c, b))
const second = f =>
// A function over a simple value lifted
// to a function over a tuple.
// f (a, b) -> (a, f(b))
xy => {
const tpl = Tuple(xy[0])(f(xy[1]));
return Array.isArray(xy) ? (
Array.from(tpl)
) : tpl;
};
// succ :: Int -> Int
const succ = x =>
1 + x;
return main();
})();
- Output:
Vowel occurrences: 12 Consonent occurrences: 21
Counts of occurrence for each vowel and consonant ?
(() => {
"use strict";
// COUNTS OF OCCURRENCE FOR EACH VOWEL AND CONSONANT
// countsOfEachVowelAndConsonant ::
// String -> ([(Char, Int)], [(Char, Int)])
const countsOfEachVowelAndConsonant = s =>
partition(
cn => isVowel(cn[0])
)(
sort(
Object.entries(
charCounts(
Array.from(s).filter(isAlpha)
)
)
)
.map(([c, n]) => Tuple(c)(n))
);
// ---------------------- TEST -----------------------
const main = () => {
const report = label =>
cns => {
const
total = cns.reduce(
(a, cn) => a + cn[1],
0
),
rows = cns.map(
compose(s => `\t${s}`, showTuple)
).join("\n");
return [
`${label} counts:\n${rows}`,
`\ttotal: ${total}`
].join("\n\n");
};
const counts = countsOfEachVowelAndConsonant(
"Forever Fortran 2018 programming language"
);
return Array.from(
bimap(
report("Vowel")
)(
report("Consonant")
)(
counts
)
).join("\n\n");
};
// --------------------- GENERIC ---------------------
// Tuple (,) :: a -> b -> (a, b)
const Tuple = a =>
b => ({
type: "Tuple",
"0": a,
"1": b,
length: 2
});
// bimap :: (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> (a, c) -> (b, d)
const bimap = f =>
// Tuple instance of bimap.
// A tuple of the application of f and g to the
// first and second values respectively.
g => tpl => Tuple(f(tpl[0]))(
g(tpl[1])
);
// charCounts :: String -> Dict
const charCounts = s => {
// A dictionary of characters seen,
// with their frequencies.
const go = (dct, c) =>
Object.assign(dct, {
[c]: 1 + (dct[c] || 0)
});
return Array.from(s).reduce(go, {});
};
// compose (<<<) :: (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
const compose = (...fs) =>
// A function defined by the right-to-left
// composition of all the functions in fs.
fs.reduce(
(f, g) => x => f(g(x)),
x => x
);
// isAlpha :: Char -> Bool
const isAlpha = c =>
(/[A-Za-z\u00C0-\u00FF]/u).test(c);
// isVowel :: Char -> Bool
const isVowel = c =>
(/[AEIOUaeiou]/u).test(c);
// partition :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
const partition = p =>
// A tuple of two lists - those elements in
// xs which match p, and those which do not.
xs => xs.reduce(
(a, x) => p(x) ? (
Tuple(a[0].concat(x))(a[1])
) : Tuple(a[0])(a[1].concat(x)),
Tuple([])([])
);
// sort :: Ord a => [a] -> [a]
const sort = xs =>
// An A-Z sorted copy of xs.
xs.slice()
.sort((a, b) => a < b ? -1 : (a > b ? 1 : 0));
// showTuple :: Tuple -> String
const showTuple = tpl =>
`(${tpl[0]}, ${tpl[1]})`;
// MAIN ---
return main();
})();
- Output:
Vowel counts: (a, 4) (e, 3) (i, 1) (o, 3) (u, 1) total: 12 Consonant counts: (F, 2) (g, 4) (l, 1) (m, 2) (n, 3) (p, 1) (r, 6) (t, 1) (v, 1) total: 21
jq
Works with gojq, the Go implementation of jq
This entry focuses solely on the A-Z alphabet.
def is_lowercase_vowel: IN("a","e","i","o","u");
def is_lowercase_letter: "a" <= . and . <= "z";
def is_lowercase_consonant: is_lowercase_letter and (is_lowercase_vowel|not);
def synopsis:
# Output: a stream of the constituent characters
def characters: ascii_downcase | explode[] | [.] | implode;
# For the sake of DRYness:
def s(stream; $vowels; $consonants):
reduce stream as $c ({($vowels): 0, ($consonants):0};
if $c|is_lowercase_vowel then .[$vowels] += 1
elif $c|is_lowercase_consonant then .[$consonants] += 1
else . end);
s( characters; "vowels"; "consonants" )
+ s( [characters]|unique[]; "distinct_vowels"; "distinct_consonants" );
def task:
def pp: "Synopsis for:", ., synopsis;
"Forever HOPL",
"Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."
| pp, "";
task
- Output:
Synopsis for: Forever HOPL { "vowels": 4, "consonants": 7, "distinct_vowels": 2, "distinct_consonants": 6 } Synopsis for: Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. { "vowels": 22, "consonants": 31, "distinct_vowels": 5, "distinct_consonants": 13 }
Julia
isvowel(c) = c in ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'A', 'E', "I", 'O', 'U']
isletter(c) = 'a' <= c <= 'z' || 'A' <= c <= 'Z'
isconsonant(c) = !isvowel(c) && isletter(c)
function vccounts(s)
a = collect(lowercase(s))
au = unique(a)
count(isvowel, a), count(isconsonant, a), count(isvowel, au), count(isconsonant, au)
end
function testvccount()
teststrings = [
"Forever Julia programming language",
"Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."]
for s in teststrings
vcnt, ccnt, vu, cu = vccounts(s)
println("String: $s\n Vowels: $vcnt (distinct $vu)\n Consonants: $ccnt (distinct $cu)\n")
end
end
testvccount()
- Output:
String: Forever Julia programming language Vowels: 13 (distinct 5) Consonants: 18 (distinct 9) String: Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. Vowels: 22 (distinct 5) Consonants: 31 (distinct 13)
Ksh
#!/bin/ksh
# Count how many vowels and consonants occur in a string
# # Variables:
#
string1="Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."
string=${1:-${string1}} # Allow command line input
consonant="b|c|d|f|g|h|j|k|l|m|n|p|q|r|s|t|v|w|x|y|z"
vowel="a|e|i|o|u"
integer i rc
typeset -ia lettercnt uniquecnt
typeset -a letlist
# # Functions:
#
# # Function _vorc(ch) - Return 0 if consonant; 1 if vowel; 99 else
#
function _vorc {
typeset _ch ; typeset -l _char="$1"
[[ "${_char}" == @(${consonant}) ]] && return 0
[[ "${_char}" == @(${vowel}) ]] && return 1
return 99
}
# # Function _uniq(char, type, list, arr) - increment arr[] if chart not in list[]
#
function _uniq {
typeset _char ; _char="$1"
typeset _type ; integer _type=$2
typeset _list ; nameref _list="$3"
typeset _arr ; nameref _arr="$4"
if [[ "${_char}" != @(${_list[_type]% *}) ]]; then
_list[_type]+="${_char}|" # Add letter to the proper list
(( _arr[_type]++ )) # Increment uniq counter
fi
}
######
# main #
######
echo "${string}" | while read ; do
for ((i=0; i<${#REPLY}; i++)); do
char="${REPLY:${i}:1}"
_vorc "${char}" ; rc=$?
(( rc != 99 )) && (( lettercnt[rc]++ )) && _uniq "${char}" ${rc} letlist uniquecnt
done
done
printf "\n%s\n\n" "${string}"
printf "Consonants: %3d (Unique: %2d)\n" "${lettercnt[0]}" "${uniquecnt[0]}"
printf " Vowlels: %3d (Unique: %2d)\n" "${lettercnt[1]}" "${uniquecnt[1]}"
- Output:
Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. Consonants: 31 (Unique: 13) Vowlels: 22 (Unique: 5)
Mathematica /Wolfram Language
vowels = {"a", "e", "i", "o", "u"};
conso = {"b", "c", "d", "f", "g", "h", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "v", "w", "x", "y", "z"};
vowels = Join[vowels, ToUpperCase@vowels];
conso = Join[conso, ToUpperCase@conso];
str = "The universe is under no obligation to make sense to you.";
<|"vowels" -> StringCount[str, Alternatives @@ vowels],
"consonants" -> StringCount[str, Alternatives @@ conso],
"other" -> StringCount[str, Except[Alternatives @@ Join[vowels, conso]]]|>
- Output:
<|"vowels" -> 22, "consonants" -> 24, "other" -> 11|>
Modula-2
MODULE VowelsAndConsonants;
FROM InOut IMPORT WriteString, WriteCard, WriteLn;
FROM Strings IMPORT Length;
PROCEDURE uppercase(c: CHAR): CHAR;
BEGIN
IF (c >= 'a') AND (c <= 'z') THEN
c := CHR(ORD(c) - 32);
END;
RETURN c;
END uppercase;
PROCEDURE CountVowelsAndConsonants(s: ARRAY OF CHAR; VAR v, c: CARDINAL);
VAR i, length: CARDINAL;
ch: CHAR;
BEGIN
v := 0;
c := 0;
length := Length(s);
IF length > 0 THEN
FOR i := 0 TO length-1 DO
ch := uppercase(s[i]);
IF (ch >= 'A') AND (ch <= 'Z') THEN
IF (ch = 'A')
OR (ch = 'E')
OR (ch = 'I')
OR (ch = 'O')
OR (ch = 'U') THEN
INC(v);
ELSE
INC(c);
END;
END;
END;
END;
END CountVowelsAndConsonants;
PROCEDURE Display(s: ARRAY OF CHAR);
VAR v, c: CARDINAL;
BEGIN
WriteString('"');
WriteString(s);
WriteString('": ');
CountVowelsAndConsonants(s, v, c);
WriteCard(v, 0);
WriteString(' vowels, ');
WriteCard(c, 0);
WriteString(' consonants.');
WriteLn;
END Display;
BEGIN
Display("If not now, then when? If not us, then who?");
END VowelsAndConsonants.
- Output:
"If not now, then when? If not us, then who?": 10 vowels, 20 consonants.
Nim
import strutils
const
Vowels = {'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u'}
Consonants = {'a'..'z'} - Vowels
func value(val: int; unit: string): string =
$val & ' ' & unit & (if val > 1: "s" else: "")
proc vcCount(text: string) =
var vowels, consonants: set[char]
var vowelCount, consonantCount = 0
for c in text.toLowerAscii:
if c in Consonants:
consonants.incl c
inc consonantCount
elif c in Vowels:
vowels.incl c
inc vowelCount
echo "“$#” contains" % text
echo " $1 and $2 (distinct)".format(value(vowels.card, "vowel"),
value(consonants.card, "consonant"))
echo " $1 and $2 (total)".format(value(vowelCount, "vowel"),
value(consonantCount, "consonant"))
vcCount("Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.")
- Output:
“Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.” contains 5 vowels and 13 consonants (distinct) 22 vowels and 31 consonants (total)
Nu
'HOW many Vowels and Consonants occur in the String?'
| parse -r '([[:alpha:]])'
| each { $in.capture0 =~ '(?i)^[AIEOU]$' }
| uniq -c
| (sort-by value).count
| $'($in.1) vowels and ($in.0) consonants'
- Output:
13 vowels and 29 consonants
PascalABC.NET
This task uses countChars from Words with more than 3 ez
// Count how many vowels and consonants occur in a string. Nigel Galloway: September 2nd., 2024
type Ctype = (Vowel,Consonant,Other);
function countCtype(n:string):Dictionary<Ctype,integer>;
begin
var r:=countChars(Lst('a'..'z'),n.ToLower);
var vowels:=r['a']+r['e']+r['i']+r['o']+r['u'];
var consonants:=r.Values.Sum-vowels;
result:=Dict(Lst((Vowel,vowels),(Consonant,consonants),(Other,n.Length-vowels-consonants)));
end;
begin
println(countCtype('Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.'));
end.
- Output:
{(Vowel,22),(Consonant,31),(Other,16)}
Pascal
Standard “Unextended” Pascal (ISO standard 7185) does not really know the notion of strings:
program countHowManyVowelsAndConsonantsOccurInAString(input, output);
var
vowel, consonant: set of char;
vowelCount, consonantCount: integer;
begin
{ initialize variables - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - }
vowel := ['A', 'E', 'I', 'O', 'U', 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u'];
consonant := ['B', 'C', 'D', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'J', 'K', 'L',
'M', 'N', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y',
'Z', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm',
'n', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z'];
vowelCount := 0;
consonantCount := 0;
{ process - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - }
while not EOF do
begin
{ input^ refers to the buffer variable's value }
vowelCount := vowelCount + ord(input^ in vowel);
consonantCount := consonantCount + ord(input^ in consonant);
get(input)
end;
{ result - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - }
writeLn(vowelCount, ' vowels');
writeLn(consonantCount, ' consonants')
end.
- Input:
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
- Output:
11 vowels 24 consonants
Perl
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict; # https://rosettacode.org/wiki/Count_how_many_vowels_and_consonants_occur_in_a_string
use warnings;
while( <DATA> )
{
print "@{[ $- = tr/aeiouAEIOU// ]} vowels @{[ tr/a-zA-Z// - $-
]} consonants in: $_\n"
}
__DATA__
test one
TEST ONE
Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.
Forever Perl Programming Language
- Output:
3 vowels 4 consonants in: test one 3 vowels 4 consonants in: TEST ONE 22 vowels 31 consonants in: Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. 11 vowels 19 consonants in: Forever Perl Programming Language
Phix
with javascript_semantics procedure count_vowels_and_consonants(string s) constant vco = {"vowels","consonants","other"}, fvco = {"%d %s (%d distinct)"} sequence r = sort(filter(apply(true,find,{lower(s),{"aeioubcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz"}}),"!=",0)) integer v = abs(binary_search(6,r))-1, uv = length(unique(r[1..v])), c = length(r)-v, uc = length(unique(r[v+1..$])), o = length(s)-length(r), uo = length(unique(lower(s)))-(uv+uc) string {sv,sc,so} = apply(true,sprintf,{fvco,columnize({{v,c,o},vco,{uv,uc,uo}})}) printf(1,"The string \"%s\"\n contains %s, %s, and %s.\n",{s,sv,sc,so}) end procedure count_vowels_and_consonants("Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.")
- Output:
The string "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country." contains 22 vowels (5 distinct), 31 consonants (13 distinct), and 16 other (2 distinct).
Picat
List comprehension
Also using maps for counting individual characters.
main =>
S = "Count how many vowels and consonants occur in a string",
vowels(Vowels),
consonants(Consonants),
CountVowels = [C : C in S, membchk(C,Vowels)].len,
CountConsonants = [C : C in S, membchk(C,Consonants)].len,
println([vowels=CountVowels,consonants=CountConsonants,rest=(S.len-CountVowels-CountConsonants)]),
nl,
% Occurrences of each character
println(all=count_chars(S)),
println(vowels=count_chars(S,Vowels)),
println(consonants=count_chars(S,Consonants)),
nl.
vowels("aeiouAEIOU").
consonants("bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyzBCDFGHJKLMNPQRSTVWXYZ").
count_chars(S) = count_chars(S,"").
count_chars(S,Cs) = Map =>
Map = new_map(),
foreach(C in S, (Cs != "" -> membchk(C,Cs) ; true))
Map.put(C,Map.get(C,0)+1)
end.
- Output:
[vowels = 15,consonants = 30,rest = 9] all = (map)[m = 1,s = 4,w = 2,C = 1,e = 1,c = 3,h = 1,n = 8,u = 2,t = 3,a = 4,d = 1,i = 2,l = 1,o = 6,r = 2,v = 1,y = 1, = 9,g = 1] vowels = (map)[u = 2,i = 2,o = 6,a = 4,e = 1] consonants = (map)[m = 1,s = 4,w = 2,C = 1,c = 3,h = 1,n = 8,t = 3,d = 1,l = 1,r = 2,v = 1,y = 1,g = 1]
Recursion
main =>
S = "Count how many vowels and consonants occur in a string",
vowels(Vowels),
consonants(Consonants),
NumVowels = count_set(Vowels,S),
NumConsonants = count_set(Consonants,S),
NumRest = S.len - NumVowels - NumConsonants,
println([vowels=NumVowels,consontants=NumConsonants,rest=NumRest]),
nl.
vowels("aeiouAEIOU").
consonants("bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyzBCDFGHJKLMNPQRSTVWXYZ").
count_set(Set,S) = Vs =>
count_set(Set,S,0,Vs).
count_set(_Set,[],Vs,Vs).
count_set(Set,[C|Cs],Vs0,Vs) :-
(membchk(C,Set) ->
Vs1 = Vs0 + 1
;
Vs1 = Vs0
),
count_set(Set,Cs,Vs1,Vs).
- Output:
[vowels = 15,consontants = 30,rest = 9]
Plain English
To run:
Start up.
Put "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country." into a string.
Find a vowel count and a consonant count of the string.
Write the double-quote byte then the string then the double-quote byte on the console.
Write "Number of vowels: " then the vowel count on the console.
Write "Number of consonants: " then the consonant count on the console.
Wait for the escape key.
Shut down.
To find a vowel count and a consonant count of a string:
Slap a substring on the string.
Loop.
If the substring is blank, exit.
Put the substring's first's target into a letter.
If the letter is any vowel, bump the vowel count.
If the letter is any consonant, bump the consonant count.
Add 1 to the substring's first.
Repeat.
- Output:
"Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country." Number of vowels: 22 Number of consonants: 31
Python
def isvowel(c):
""" true if c is an English vowel (ignore y) """
return c in ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'A', 'E', "I", 'O', 'U']
def isletter(c):
""" true if in English standard alphabet """
return 'a' <= c <= 'z' or 'A' <= c <= 'Z'
def isconsonant(c):
""" true if an English consonant """
return not isvowel(c) and isletter(c)
def vccounts(s):
""" case insensitive vowel counts, total and unique """
a = list(s.lower())
au = set(a)
return sum([isvowel(c) for c in a]), sum([isconsonant(c) for c in a]), \
sum([isvowel(c) for c in au]), sum([isconsonant(c) for c in au])
def testvccount():
teststrings = [
"Forever Python programming language",
"Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."]
for s in teststrings:
vcnt, ccnt, vu, cu = vccounts(s)
print(f"String: {s}\n Vowels: {vcnt} (distinct {vu})\n Consonants: {ccnt} (distinct {cu})\n")
testvccount()
- Output:
String: Forever Python programming language
Vowels: 11 (distinct 5) Consonants: 21 (distinct 11)String: Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.
Vowels: 22 (distinct 5) Consonants: 31 (distinct 13)
Or, selecting another of the various possible meanings of an ambiguous task description:
'''Total and individual counts of vowel and consonant instances'''
from functools import reduce
# vowelAndConsonantCounts :: String ->
# ([(Char, Int)], [(Char, Int)])
def vowelAndConsonantCounts(s):
'''The sorted character counts for each
vowel seen in the string, tupled with the sorted
character counts for each consonant seen.
'''
return both(sorted)(
partition(lambda kv: isVowel(kv[0]))([
(k, v) for (k, v) in list(charCounts(s).items())
if k.isalpha()
])
)
# ------------------------- TEST -------------------------
# main :: IO ()
def main():
'''Total and individual counts for a given string'''
vs, cs = vowelAndConsonantCounts(
"Forever Fortran 2018 programming language"
)
nv, nc = valueSum(vs), valueSum(cs)
print(f'{nv + nc} "vowels and consonants"\n')
print(f'\t{nv} characters drawn from {len(vs)} vowels:')
print(showCharCounts(vs))
print(f'\n\t{nc} characters drawn from {len(cs)} consonants:')
print(showCharCounts(cs))
# ----------------------- DISPLAY ------------------------
# showCharCounts :: [(Char, Int)] -> String
def showCharCounts(kvs):
'''Indented listing of character frequencies.
'''
return '\n'.join(['\t\t' + repr(kv) for kv in kvs])
# ----------------------- GENERIC ------------------------
# both :: (a -> b) -> (a, a) -> (b, b)
def both(f):
'''The same function applied to both
values of a tuple.
'''
def go(ab):
return f(ab[0]), f(ab[1])
return go
# charCount :: String -> Dict
def charCounts(s):
'''A dictionary of characters seen,
with their frequencies.
'''
def go(dct, c):
dct.update({c: 1 + dct.get(c, 0)})
return dct
return reduce(go, list(s), dict())
# isVowel :: Char -> Bool
def isVowel(c):
'''True if the character is an Anglo-Saxon vowel'''
return c in "aeiouAEIOU"
# partition :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
def partition(p):
'''The pair of lists of those elements in xs
which respectively do, and don't
satisfy the predicate p.
'''
def go(a, x):
ts, fs = a
return (ts + [x], fs) if p(x) else (ts, fs + [x])
return lambda xs: reduce(go, xs, ([], []))
# valueSum :: [(String, Int)] -> Int
def valueSum(kvs):
'''The sum of values in a [(key, value)] list'''
return sum(kv[1] for kv in kvs)
# MAIN ---
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
- Output:
33 "vowels and consonants" 12 characters drawn from 5 vowels: ('a', 4) ('e', 3) ('i', 1) ('o', 3) ('u', 1) 21 characters drawn from 9 consonants: ('F', 2) ('g', 4) ('l', 1) ('m', 2) ('n', 3) ('p', 1) ('r', 6) ('t', 1) ('v', 1)
Quackery
[ bit
[ 0 $ "AEIOUaeiuo"
witheach [ bit | ] ] constant
& 0 != ] is vowel ( c --> b )
[ bit
[ 0 $ "BCDFGHJKLMNPQRSTVWXYZ"
$ "bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz" join
witheach [ bit | ] ] constant
& 0 != ] is consonant ( c --> b )
[ 0 0 rot witheach
[ tuck vowel +
dip [ consonant + ] ] ] is task ( $ --> n n )
$ "How fleeting are all human passions compared"
$ " with the massive continuity of ducks." join
task
echo say " vowels" cr
echo say " consonants"
- Output:
26 vowels 43 consonants
OR, depending on how you interpret the task…
[ 0 $ "AEIOU"
witheach [ bit | ] ] constant is vowels ( --> n )
[ 0 $ "BCDFGHJKLMNPQRSTVWXYZ"
witheach [ bit | ] ] constant is consonants ( --> n )
[ 0 swap
[ dup 0 > while
tuck 1 & +
swap 1 >> again ]
drop ] is bitcount ( n --> n )
[ 0 swap witheach [ upper bit | ]
dup consonants & bitcount
swap vowels & bitcount ] is task ( $ --> n n )
$ "How fleeting are all human passions compared"
$ " with the massive continuity of ducks." join
task
echo say " distinct vowels" cr
echo say " distinct consonants"
- Output:
5 distinct vowels 16 distinct consonants
Raku
Note that the task does not ask for the total count of vowels and consonants, but for how many occur.
my @vowels = <a e i o u>;
my @consonants = <b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w x y z>;
sub letter-check ($string) {
my $letters = $string.lc.comb.Set;
"{sum $letters{@vowels}} vowels and {sum $letters{@consonants}} consonants occur in the string \"$string\"";
}
say letter-check "Forever Ring Programming Language";
- Output:
5 vowels and 8 consonants occur in the string "Forever Ring Programming Language"
REBOL
REBOL [
Title: "Count how many vowels and consonants occur in a string"
Date: 21-Dec-2022
Author: "Earldridge Jazzed Pineda"
]
countVowelsConsonants: func [string] [
vowels: [#"a" #"e" #"i" #"o" #"u"]
consonants: [#"b" #"c" #"d" #"f" #"g" #"h" #"j" #"k" #"l" #"m" #"n" #"p" #"q" #"r" #"s" #"t" #"v" #"w" #"x" #"y" #"z"]
vowelCount: 0
consonantCount: 0
foreach character string [
if (find consonants character) <> none [consonantCount: consonantCount + 1]
if (find vowels character) <> none [vowelCount: vowelCount + 1]
]
return reduce [vowelCount consonantCount]
]
string: "Count how many vowels and consonants occur in a string"
counts: countVowelsConsonants string
print [mold string "has" pick counts 1 "vowels and" pick counts 2 "consonants"]
- Output:
{Count how many vowels and consonants occur in a string} has 15 vowels and 30 consonants
REXX
version 1
/* REXX */
Parse Arg s
If s='' Then
s='Forever Wren programming language'
con='BCDFGHJKLMNPQRSTVWXYZ'
vow='AEIOU'
su=translate(s) /* translate to uppercase */
suc=su
sx='' /* eliminate duplicate characters */
Do While suc<>''
Parse Var suc c +1 suc
If pos(c,sx)=0 Then sx=sx||c
End
Say s /* show input string */
Call count su /* count all consonants and vowels */
Call count sx,'distinct' /* count unique consonants and vowels */
Exit
count:
Parse Arg s,tag
sc=translate(s,copies('+',length(con))copies(' ',256),con||xrange('00'x,'ff'x))
sv=translate(s,copies('+',length(vow))copies(' ',256),vow||xrange('00'x,'ff'x))
Say length(space(sc,0)) tag 'consonants,' length(space(sv,0)) tag 'vowels'
Return
- Output:
Forever Wren programming language 19 consonants, 11 vowels 9 distinct consonants, 5 distinct vowels
version 2
/*REXX program counts the vowels and consonants (unique and total) in a given string. */
parse arg $ /*obtain optional argument from the CL.*/
if $='' then $= 'Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.'
say 'input: ' $ /*display the original string ──► term.*/
call init /*initialize some constants and input. */
#.= 0; call cnt 1; call cnt 2 /*count unique vowels and consonants.*/
say 'There are ' #.1 " unique vowels, there are " #.2 ' unique consonants.'
say 'There are ' L - length( space( translate($, , @.1), 0)) " vowels total, " ,
'there are ' L - length( space( translate($, , @.2), 0)) " consonants total."
exit 0 /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
cnt: arg k; do j=1 to length(@.k); if pos(substr(@.k,j,1),$)>0 then #.k=#.k+1; end; return
init: @.1='AEIOU'; @.2="BCDFGHJKLMNPQRSTVWXYZ"; upper $; $=space($,0); L=length($); return
- output when using the default input:
input: Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. There are 5 unique vowels, there are 13 unique consonants. There are 22 vowels total, there are 31 consonants total.
Ring
? "working..."
str = '"' + "Forever Ring Programming Language" + '"'
vowel = 0 vowels = [] for x in "AEIOUaeiou" add(vowels, x) next
ltrc = 0 all = 'A':'z' while all[27] != 'a' del(all, 27) end
for n in str
if find(vowels, n) > 0 vowel++ ok
if find(all, n) > 0 ltrc++ ok
next
? "Input string = " + str
? "In string occur " + vowel + " vowels"
? "In string occur " + (ltrc - vowel) + " consonants"
put "done..."
- Output:
working... Input string = "Forever Ring Programming Language" In string occur 11 vowels In string occur 19 consonants done...
RPL
≪ "AEIOU" → str voy ≪ (0,0) 1 str SIZE FOR j str j DUP SUB IF DUP "a" ≥ OVER "z" ≤ AND THEN NUM 32 - CHR END IF DUP "A" ≥ OVER "Z" ≤ AND THEN voy SWAP POS 1 (0,1) IFTE + ELSE DROP END NEXT ≫ ≫ 'VOYCON' STO
"Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country." VOYCON
- Output:
1: (22,31)
Ruby
RE_V = /[aeiou]/
RE_C = /[bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz]/
str = "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."
grouped = str.downcase.chars.group_by do |c|
case c
when RE_V then :Vowels
when RE_C then :Consonants
else :Other
end
end
grouped.each{|k,v| puts "#{k}: #{v.size}, #{v.uniq.size} unique."}
- Output:
Consonants: 31, 13 unique. Vowels: 22, 5 unique. Other: 16, 2 unique.
Rust
use std::io ;
//string supposed to contain ascii letters only!
fn main() {
println!("Enter a string!");
let mut inline : String = String::new( ) ;
io::stdin( ).read_line( &mut inline ).unwrap( ) ;
let entered_line : &str = &*inline ;
let vowels = vec!['a' , 'e' , 'i' , 'o' , 'u' , 'A' , 'E' , 'I' ,
'O' , 'U'] ;
let numvowels = entered_line.trim( ).chars( ).filter( | c |
vowels.contains( c ) ).count( ) ;
let consonants = entered_line.trim( ).chars( ).filter( | c |
! vowels.contains( c ) && c.is_ascii_alphabetic( )).count( ) ;
println!("String {:?} contains {} vowels and {} consonants!" ,
entered_line.trim( ) , numvowels , consonants ) ;
}
- Output:
Enter a string! Rust shares properties of procedural and functional languages! String "Rust shares properties of procedural and functional languages!" contains 21 vowels and 33 consonants!
SNOBOL4
* Program: countvc.sbl,
* To run: sbl countvc.sbl
* Description: Count how many vowels and consonants occur in a string
* Comment: Tested using the Spitbol for Linux version of SNOBOL4
* Function SQUEEZE will remove some characters from s (string).
* Parameter c is the character set to keep or remove.
* If parameter kr is 1, then only characters in c will be kept.
* If it is 0, then the characters in c will be removed.
* Parameter kr defaults to 1. So if it is null or not 0 or 1,
* then it becomes 1.
define('squeeze(s,c,kr)pre')
:(squeeze_end)
squeeze
kr = (eq(size(kr),0) 1,kr)
kr = (eq(kr,1) kr, eq(kr,0) kr, 1)
eq(kr,1) :s(kr1)
kr0
* Exclude character set
s ? breakx(c) . pre span(c) = :f(kr2)
squeeze = squeeze pre
:(kr0)
kr1
* Include character set
s ? breakx(c) span(c) . pre = :f(kr2)
squeeze = squeeze pre
:(kr1)
kr2
:(return)
squeeze_end
* Function POPT will populate table t with counts
* for each, unique character from string.
* It first standarizes string to only contain
* upper and lower case letters and then replaces
* upper case letters with lower case letters.
* It returns t converted to an array.
define('popt(string,t)s,c') :(popt_end)
popt
s = squeeze(string,&lcase &ucase)
s = replace(s,&ucase,&lcase)
popt1
s ? len(1) . c = ?(t[c] = t[c] + 1) :s(popt1)
popt = convert(t,'ARRAY') :s(return)f(freturn)
popt_end
* Function OUTPUTARRAY will output array as well as return the number
* of unique array elements and the sum of their counts,
* separated by the |.
define('outputarray(a)i,sum,n') :(outputarray_end)
outputarray
i = i + 1
output = a[i,1] ', ' a[i,2] :f(outputarray2)
sum = sum + a[i,2]
n = i
:(outputarray)
outputarray2
outputarray = n "|" sum
:(return)
outputarray_end
alphabet = &lcase &ucase
vowels = 'aeiouAEIOU'
consonants = squeeze(alphabet,vowels,0) ;* Remove vowels
v = table()
c = table()
s = "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."
output = s
vs = squeeze(s,vowels,1) ;* Remove all characters if not a vowel
va = popt(vs,v) ;* Put unique characters into array with counts
ret = outputarray(va) ;* Output character array
ret ? breakx("|") . n len(1) rem . sum
output = "Number of unique vowels is " n ', total=' sum
cs = squeeze(s,consonants,1) ;* Remove all characters if not a consonant
vc = popt(cs,c) ;* Put unique characters into array with counts
ret = outputarray(vc) ;* Output character array
ret ? breakx("|") . n len(1) rem . sum
output = "Number of unique consonants is " n ', total=' sum
END
- Output:
Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. o, 9 i, 4 e, 6 a, 2 u, 1 Number of unique vowels is 5, total=22 n, 3 w, 1 s, 1 t, 7 h, 3 m, 3 f, 2 r, 3 l, 2 g, 1 d, 2 c, 2 y, 1 Number of unique consonants is 13, total=31
Wren
In the absence of any indications to the contrary, we take a simplistic view of only considering English ASCII vowels (not 'y') and consonants.
import "./str" for Str
var vowels = "aeiou"
var consonants = "bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz"
var strs = [
"Forever Wren programming language",
"Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."
]
for (str in strs) {
System.print(str)
str = Str.lower(str)
var vc = 0
var cc = 0
var vmap = {}
var cmap = {}
for (c in str) {
if (vowels.contains(c)) {
vc = vc + 1
vmap[c] = true
} else if (consonants.contains(c)) {
cc = cc + 1
cmap[c] = true
}
}
System.print("contains (total) %(vc) vowels and %(cc) consonants.")
System.print("contains (distinct) %(vmap.count) vowels and %(cmap.count) consonants.\n")
}
- Output:
Forever Wren programming language contains (total) 11 vowels and 19 consonants. contains (distinct) 5 vowels and 9 consonants. Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. contains (total) 22 vowels and 31 consonants. contains (distinct) 5 vowels and 13 consonants.
X86 Assembly
Translation of XPL0. Assemble with tasm, tlink /t
.model tiny
.code
.486
org 100h
;Register assignments:
;al = Char
;ebx = CSet
;cl = CTC
;ch = VTC
;dl = CDC
;dh = VDC
;si = Str
;edi = VSet
;ebp = Item
start: mov si, offset str1 ;Text(Str1)
call vowcon
mov si, offset str2 ;Text(Str2)
;Display numbers of vowels and consonants in string at si
vowcon: push si
xor cx, cx ;CTC:= 0; VTC:= 0
xor dx, dx
xor ebx, ebx
xor edi, edi
;while Str(I) # 0 do
; Ch:= Str(I); I++
cv10: lodsb ;al:= ds:[si++]
cmp al, 0
je cv90 ; if Ch>=^A & Ch<=^Z then
cmp al, 'A'
jb cv20
cmp al, 'Z'
ja cv20
or al, 20h ; Ch:= Ch ! $20
cv20:
cmp al, 'a' ; if Ch>=^a & Ch<=^z then
jb cv50
cmp al, 'z'
ja cv50
push cx ; Item:= 1 << (Ch-^a)
mov cl, al
sub cl, 'a'
xor ebp, ebp ; mov ebp, 1
inc bp
shl ebp, cl
pop cx
cmp al, 'a' ; case Ch of a e i o u vowels
je cv22
cmp al, 'e'
je cv22
cmp al, 'i'
je cv22
cmp al, 'o'
je cv22
cmp al, 'u'
jne cv30
cv22: inc ch ; VTC++
test edi, ebp ; if (VSet&Item) = 0 then
jne cv25
inc dh ; VDC++
or edi, ebp ; VSet:= VSet ! Item
cv25: jmp cv50
cv30: ; other: consonants
inc cl ; CTC++
test ebx, ebp ; if (CSet&Item) = 0 then
jne cv50
inc dl ; CDC++
or ebx, ebp ; CSet:= CSet ! Item
cv50: jmp cv10
cv90:
pop si
call strout
mov si, offset crlf ;CrLf
call strout
mov di, offset msg2 ;Text(" total")
call common
mov cx, dx ;get distinct counts
mov di, offset msg2a;Text(" distinct")
call common
mov si, offset crlf
jmp strout
;Common display code
common: mov si, offset msg1 ;Text("Contains ")
call strout
mov al, ch ;numout(VTC/VDC)
call numout
mov si, di ;Text(" total/distinct")
call strout
mov si, offset msg3 ;Text(" vowels and ")
call strout
mov al, cl ;numout(CTC/CDC)
call numout
mov si, offset msg4 ;Text(" consonants.^M^J")
jmp strout
;Display string pointed to by si
so10: int 29h
strout: lodsb ;al:= ds:[si++]
cmp al, 0
jne so10
ret
;Display positive number in al (less than 100)
numout: aam 10 ;ah:= al/10; al:= rem
push ax
test ah, ah
je no10
mov al, ah
call numout
no10: pop ax
add al, '0'
int 29h
ret
str1 db "X86 Assembly Language!", 0
str2 db "Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.", 0
msg1 db "Contains ", 0
msg2 db " total", 0
msg2a db " distinct", 0
msg3 db " vowels and ", 0
msg4 db " consonants."
crlf db 0Dh, 0Ah, 0
end start
- Output:
X86 Assembly Language! Contains 6 total vowels and 11 consonants. Contains 3 distinct vowels and 8 consonants. Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. Contains 22 total vowels and 31 consonants. Contains 5 distinct vowels and 13 consonants.
XPL0
string 0; \use zero-terminated strings
int VTC, VDC, \vowel total count, vowel distinct count
CTC, CDC, \consonant total count, consonant distinct count
VSet, CSet, \vowel and consonant bit arrays
Char, Item, I, J;
char Str;
[Str:= ["Forever XPL0 programming language.",
"Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country."];
for J:= 0 to 1 do
[I:= 0; VTC:= 0; VDC:= 0; CTC:= 0; CDC:= 0; VSet:= 0; CSet:= 0;
while Str(J,I) do
[Char:= Str(J,I); I:= I+1;
if Char>=^A & Char<=^Z then
Char:= Char - ^A + ^a; \to lower case
if Char>=^a & Char<=^z then
[Item:= 1 << (Char-^a); \item in character set [a..z]
case Char of
^a, ^e, ^i, ^o, ^u:
[VTC:= VTC+1; \vowel
if (Item & VSet) = 0 then VDC:= VDC+1;
VSet:= VSet ! Item;
]
other [CTC:= CTC+1; \consonant
if (Item & CSet) = 0 then CDC:= CDC+1;
CSet:= CSet ! Item;
];
];
];
Text(0, @Str(J,0)); CrLf(0);
Text(0, "Contains "); IntOut(0, VTC); Text(0, " total vowels and ");
IntOut(0, CTC); Text(0, " consonants.^M^J");
Text(0, "Contains "); IntOut(0, VDC); Text(0, " distinct vowels and ");
IntOut(0, CDC); Text(0, " consonants.^M^J");
CrLf(0);
];
]
- Output:
Forever XPL0 programming language. Contains 10 total vowels and 19 consonants. Contains 5 distinct vowels and 9 consonants. Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. Contains 22 total vowels and 31 consonants. Contains 5 distinct vowels and 13 consonants.
- Draft Programming Tasks
- 11l
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- Applesoft BASIC
- ARM Assembly
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- AWK
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- X86 Assembly
- XPL0