Sorting algorithms/Bubble sort
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
Heap sort | Merge sort | Patience sort | Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
A bubble sort is generally considered to be the simplest sorting algorithm.
A bubble sort is also known as a sinking sort.
Because of its simplicity and ease of visualization, it is often taught in introductory computer science courses.
Because of its abysmal O(n2) performance, it is not used often for large (or even medium-sized) datasets.
The bubble sort works by passing sequentially over a list, comparing each value to the one immediately after it. If the first value is greater than the second, their positions are switched. Over a number of passes, at most equal to the number of elements in the list, all of the values drift into their correct positions (large values "bubble" rapidly toward the end, pushing others down around them). Because each pass finds the maximum item and puts it at the end, the portion of the list to be sorted can be reduced at each pass. A boolean variable is used to track whether any changes have been made in the current pass; when a pass completes without changing anything, the algorithm exits.
This can be expressed in pseudo-code as follows (assuming 1-based indexing):
repeat
if itemCount <= 1
return
hasChanged := false
decrement itemCount
repeat with index from 1 to itemCount
if (item at index) > (item at (index + 1))
swap (item at index) with (item at (index + 1))
hasChanged := true
until hasChanged = false
- Task
Sort an array of elements using the bubble sort algorithm. The elements must have a total order and the index of the array can be of any discrete type. For languages where this is not possible, sort an array of integers.
- References
- The article on Wikipedia.
- Dance interpretation.
11l
F bubble_sort(&seq)
V changed = 1B
L changed == 1B
changed = 0B
L(i) 0 .< seq.len - 1
I seq[i] > seq[i + 1]
swap(&seq[i], &seq[i + 1])
changed = 1B
V testset = Array(0.<100)
V testcase = copy(testset)
random:shuffle(&testcase)
assert(testcase != testset)
bubble_sort(&testcase)
assert(testcase == testset)360 Assembly
For maximum compatibility, this program uses only the basic instruction set. The program uses also HLASM structured macros (DO,ENDDO,IF,ELSE,ENDIF) for readability and two ASSIST/360 macros (XDECO,XPRNT) to keep the code as short as possible.
* Bubble Sort 01/11/2014 & 23/06/2016
BUBBLE CSECT
USING BUBBLE,R13,R12 establish base registers
SAVEAREA B STM-SAVEAREA(R15) skip savearea
DC 17F'0' my savearea
STM STM R14,R12,12(R13) save calling context
ST R13,4(R15) link mySA->prevSA
ST R15,8(R13) link prevSA->mySA
LR R13,R15 set mySA & set 4K addessability
LA R12,2048(R13) .
LA R12,2048(R12) set 8K addessability
L RN,N n
BCTR RN,0 n-1
DO UNTIL=(LTR,RM,Z,RM) repeat ------------------------+
LA RM,0 more=false |
LA R1,A @a(i) |
LA R2,4(R1) @a(i+1) |
LA RI,1 i=1 |
DO WHILE=(CR,RI,LE,RN) for i=1 to n-1 ------------+ |
L R3,0(R1) a(i) | |
IF C,R3,GT,0(R2) if a(i)>a(i+1) then ---+ | |
L R9,0(R1) r9=a(i) | | |
L R3,0(R2) r3=a(i+1) | | |
ST R3,0(R1) a(i)=r3 | | |
ST R9,0(R2) a(i+1)=r9 | | |
LA RM,1 more=true | | |
ENDIF , end if <---------------+ | |
LA RI,1(RI) i=i+1 | |
LA R1,4(R1) next a(i) | |
LA R2,4(R2) next a(i+1) | |
ENDDO , end for <------------------+ |
ENDDO , until not more <---------------+
LA R3,PG pgi=0
LA RI,1 i=1
DO WHILE=(C,RI,LE,N) do i=1 to n -------+
LR R1,RI i |
SLA R1,2 . |
L R2,A-4(R1) a(i) |
XDECO R2,XDEC edit a(i) |
MVC 0(4,R3),XDEC+8 output a(i) |
LA R3,4(R3) pgi=pgi+4 |
LA RI,1(RI) i=i+1 |
ENDDO , end do <-----------+
XPRNT PG,L'PG print buffer
L R13,4(0,R13) restore caller savearea
LM R14,R12,12(R13) restore context
XR R15,R15 set return code to 0
BR R14 return to caller
A DC F'4',F'65',F'2',F'-31',F'0',F'99',F'2',F'83',F'782',F'1'
DC F'45',F'82',F'69',F'82',F'104',F'58',F'88',F'112',F'89',F'74'
N DC A((N-A)/L'A) number of items of a *
PG DC CL80' '
XDEC DS CL12
LTORG
REGEQU
RI EQU 6 i
RN EQU 7 n-1
RM EQU 8 more
END BUBBLE- Output:
-31 0 1 2 2 4 45 58 65 69 74 82 82 83 88 89 99 104 112 782
6502 Assembly
Code can be copied and pasted into Easy6502. Make sure you set the monitor to $1200 and check the check box to view it in action. Bubble Sort's infamous reputation is very well-deserved as this is going to take a few minutes to finish. This example takes a reverse identity table (where the 0th entry is $FF, the first is $FE, and so on) and sorts them in ascending order. Slowly. And the program might not run unless its tab is active in your browser. I'd play Game Boy to pass the time. ;)
define z_HL $00
define z_L $00
define z_H $01
define temp $02
define temp2 $03
set_table:
dex
txa
sta $1200,y
iny
bne set_table ;stores $ff at $1200, $fe at $1201, etc.
lda #$12
sta z_H
lda #$00
sta z_L
lda #0
tax
tay ;clear regs
JSR BUBBLESORT
BRK
BUBBLESORT:
lda (z_HL),y
sta temp
iny ;look at the next item
lda (z_HL),y
dey ;go back 1 to the "current item"
sta temp2
cmp temp
bcs doNothing
;we had to re-arrange an item.
lda temp
iny
sta (z_HL),y ;store the higher value at base+y+1
inx ;sort count. If zero at the end, we're done.
dey
lda temp2
sta (z_HL),y ;store the lower value at base+y
doNothing:
iny
cpy #$ff
bne BUBBLESORT
ldy #0
txa ;check the value of the counter
beq DoneSorting
ldx #0 ;reset the counter
jmp BUBBLESORT
DoneSorting:
rts- Output:
1200: 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0a 0b 0c 0d 0e 0f 1210: 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1a 1b 1c 1d 1e 1f 1220: 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 2a 2b 2c 2d 2e 2f 1230: 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 3a 3b 3c 3d 3e 3f 1240: 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4a 4b 4c 4d 4e 4f 1250: 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 5a 5b 5c 5d 5e 5f 1260: 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 6a 6b 6c 6d 6e 6f 1270: 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 7a 7b 7c 7d 7e 7f 1280: 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 8a 8b 8c 8d 8e 8f 1290: 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 9a 9b 9c 9d 9e 9f 12a0: a0 a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 a9 aa ab ac ad ae af 12b0: b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 ba bb bc bd be bf 12c0: c0 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c7 c8 c9 ca cb cc cd ce cf 12d0: d0 d1 d2 d3 d4 d5 d6 d7 d8 d9 da db dc dd de df 12e0: e0 e1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7 e8 e9 ea eb ec ed ee ef 12f0: f0 f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f9 fa fb fc fd fe ff
AArch64 Assembly
/* ARM assembly AARCH64 Raspberry PI 3B */
/* program bubbleSort64.s */
/*******************************************/
/* Constantes file */
/*******************************************/
/* for this file see task include a file in language AArch64 assembly */
.include "../includeConstantesARM64.inc"
/*********************************/
/* Initialized data */
/*********************************/
.data
szMessSortOk: .asciz "Table sorted.\n"
szMessSortNok: .asciz "Table not sorted !!!!!.\n"
sMessResult: .asciz "Value : @ \n"
szCarriageReturn: .asciz "\n"
.align 4
TableNumber: .quad 1,3,6,2,5,9,10,8,4,7
#TableNumber: .quad 10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1
.equ NBELEMENTS, (. - TableNumber) / 8
/*********************************/
/* UnInitialized data */
/*********************************/
.bss
sZoneConv: .skip 24
/*********************************/
/* code section */
/*********************************/
.text
.global main
main: // entry of program
ldr x0,qAdrTableNumber // address number table
mov x1,0
mov x2,NBELEMENTS // number of élements
bl bubbleSort
ldr x0,qAdrTableNumber // address number table
bl displayTable
ldr x0,qAdrTableNumber // address number table
mov x1,NBELEMENTS // number of élements
bl isSorted // control sort
cmp x0,1 // sorted ?
beq 1f
ldr x0,qAdrszMessSortNok // no !! error sort
bl affichageMess
b 100f
1: // yes
ldr x0,qAdrszMessSortOk
bl affichageMess
100: // standard end of the program
mov x0,0 // return code
mov x8,EXIT // request to exit program
svc 0 // perform the system call
qAdrsZoneConv: .quad sZoneConv
qAdrszCarriageReturn: .quad szCarriageReturn
qAdrsMessResult: .quad sMessResult
qAdrTableNumber: .quad TableNumber
qAdrszMessSortOk: .quad szMessSortOk
qAdrszMessSortNok: .quad szMessSortNok
/******************************************************************/
/* control sorted table */
/******************************************************************/
/* x0 contains the address of table */
/* x1 contains the number of elements > 0 */
/* x0 return 0 if not sorted 1 if sorted */
isSorted:
stp x2,lr,[sp,-16]! // save registers
stp x3,x4,[sp,-16]! // save registers
mov x2,0
ldr x4,[x0,x2,lsl 3]
1:
add x2,x2,1
cmp x2,x1
bge 99f
ldr x3,[x0,x2, lsl 3]
cmp x3,x4
blt 98f
mov x4,x3
b 1b
98:
mov x0,0 // not sorted
b 100f
99:
mov x0,1 // sorted
100:
ldp x3,x4,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers
ldp x2,lr,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers
ret // return to address lr x30
/******************************************************************/
/* bubble sort */
/******************************************************************/
/* x0 contains the address of table */
/* x1 contains the first element */
/* x2 contains the number of element */
bubbleSort:
stp x1,lr,[sp,-16]! // save registers
stp x2,x3,[sp,-16]! // save registers
stp x4,x5,[sp,-16]! // save registers
stp x6,x7,[sp,-16]! // save registers
stp x8,x9,[sp,-16]! // save registers
sub x2,x2,1 // compute i = n - 1
add x8,x1,1
1: // start loop 1
mov x3,x1 // start index
mov x9,0
sub x7,x2,1
2: // start loop 2
add x4,x3,1
ldr x5,[x0,x3,lsl 3] // load value A[j]
ldr x6,[x0,x4,lsl 3] // load value A[j+1]
cmp x6,x5 // compare value
bge 3f
str x6,[x0,x3,lsl 3] // if smaller inversion
str x5,[x0,x4,lsl 3]
mov x9,1 // top table not sorted
3:
add x3,x3,1 // increment index j
cmp x3,x7 // end ?
ble 2b // no -> loop 2
cmp x9,0 // table sorted ?
beq 100f // yes -> end
sub x2,x2,1 // decrement i
cmp x2,x8 // end ?
bge 1b // no -> loop 1
100:
ldp x8,x9,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers
ldp x6,x7,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers
ldp x4,x5,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers
ldp x2,x3,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers
ldp x1,lr,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers
ret // return to address lr x30
/******************************************************************/
/* Display table elements */
/******************************************************************/
/* x0 contains the address of table */
displayTable:
stp x1,lr,[sp,-16]! // save registers
stp x2,x3,[sp,-16]! // save registers
mov x2,x0 // table address
mov x3,0
1: // loop display table
ldr x0,[x2,x3,lsl 3]
ldr x1,qAdrsZoneConv
bl conversion10 // décimal conversion
ldr x0,qAdrsMessResult
ldr x1,qAdrsZoneConv
bl strInsertAtCharInc // insert result at @ character
bl affichageMess // display message
add x3,x3,1
cmp x3,NBELEMENTS - 1
ble 1b
ldr x0,qAdrszCarriageReturn
bl affichageMess
100:
ldp x2,x3,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers
ldp x1,lr,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers
ret // return to address lr x30
/********************************************************/
/* File Include fonctions */
/********************************************************/
/* for this file see task include a file in language AArch64 assembly */
.include "../includeARM64.inc"ACL2
(defun bubble (xs)
(if (endp (rest xs))
(mv nil xs)
(let ((x1 (first xs))
(x2 (second xs)))
(if (> x1 x2)
(mv-let (_ ys)
(bubble (cons x1 (rest (rest xs))))
(declare (ignore _))
(mv t (cons x2 ys)))
(mv-let (has-changed ys)
(bubble (rest xs))
(mv has-changed (cons x1 ys)))))))
(defun bsort-r (xs limit)
(declare (xargs :measure (nfix limit)))
(if (zp limit)
xs
(mv-let (has-changed ys)
(bubble xs)
(if has-changed
(bsort-r ys (1- limit))
ys))))
(defun bsort (xs)
(bsort-r xs (len xs)))
Action!
PROC PrintArray(INT ARRAY a INT size)
INT i
Put('[)
FOR i=0 TO size-1
DO
IF i>0 THEN Put(' ) FI
PrintI(a(i))
OD
Put(']) PutE()
RETURN
PROC BubbleSort(INT ARRAY a INT size)
INT count,changed,i,tmp
count=size
IF count<=1 THEN RETURN FI
DO
changed=0
count==-1
FOR i=0 TO count-1
DO
IF a(i)>a(i+1) THEN
tmp=a(i) a(i)=a(i+1) a(i+1)=tmp
changed=1
FI
OD
UNTIL changed=0
OD
RETURN
PROC Test(INT ARRAY a INT size)
PrintE("Array before sort:")
PrintArray(a,size)
BubbleSort(a,size)
PrintE("Array after sort:")
PrintArray(a,size)
PutE()
RETURN
PROC Main()
INT ARRAY
a(10)=[1 4 65535 0 3 7 4 8 20 65530],
b(21)=[10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
65535 65534 65533 65532 65531
65530 65529 65528 65527 65526],
c(8)=[101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108],
d(12)=[1 65535 1 65535 1 65535 1
65535 1 65535 1 65535]
Test(a,10)
Test(b,21)
Test(c,8)
Test(d,12)
RETURN- Output:
Screenshot from Atari 8-bit computer
Array before sort: [1 4 -1 0 3 7 4 8 20 -6] Array after sort: [-6 -1 0 1 3 4 4 7 8 20] Array before sort: [10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10] Array after sort: [-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10] Array before sort: [101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108] Array after sort: [101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108] Array before sort: [1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1] Array after sort: [-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1]
ActionScript
public function bubbleSort(toSort:Array):Array
{
var changed:Boolean = false;
while (!changed)
{
changed = true;
for (var i:int = 0; i < toSort.length - 1; i++)
{
if (toSort[i] > toSort[i + 1])
{
var tmp:int = toSort[i];
toSort[i] = toSort[i + 1];
toSort[i + 1] = tmp;
changed = false;
}
}
}
return toSort;
}
Ada
generic
type Element is private;
with function "=" (E1, E2 : Element) return Boolean is <>;
with function "<" (E1, E2 : Element) return Boolean is <>;
type Index is (<>);
type Arr is array (Index range <>) of Element;
procedure Bubble_Sort (A : in out Arr);
procedure Bubble_Sort (A : in out Arr) is
Finished : Boolean;
Temp : Element;
begin
loop
Finished := True;
for J in A'First .. Index'Pred (A'Last) loop
if A (Index'Succ (J)) < A (J) then
Finished := False;
Temp := A (Index'Succ (J));
A (Index'Succ (J)) := A (J);
A (J) := Temp;
end if;
end loop;
exit when Finished;
end loop;
end Bubble_Sort;
-- Example of usage:
with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
with Bubble_Sort;
procedure Main is
type Arr is array (Positive range <>) of Integer;
procedure Sort is new
Bubble_Sort
(Element => Integer,
Index => Positive,
Arr => Arr);
A : Arr := (1, 3, 256, 0, 3, 4, -1);
begin
Sort (A);
for J in A'Range loop
Put (Integer'Image (A (J)));
end loop;
New_Line;
end Main;
ALGOL 60
begin
comment Sorting algorithms/Bubble sort - Algol 60;
integer nA;
nA:=20;
begin
integer array A[1:20];
procedure bubblesort(lb,ub);
value lb,ub; integer lb,ub;
begin
integer i;
boolean swapped;
swapped :=true;
for i:=1 while swapped do begin
swapped:=false;
for i:=lb step 1 until ub-1 do if A[i]>A[i+1] then begin
integer temp;
temp :=A[i];
A[i] :=A[i+1];
A[i+1]:=temp;
swapped:=true
end
end
end bubblesort;
procedure inittable(lb,ub);
value lb,ub; integer lb,ub;
begin
integer i;
for i:=lb step 1 until ub do A[i]:=entier(rand*100)
end inittable;
procedure writetable(lb,ub);
value lb,ub; integer lb,ub;
begin
integer i;
for i:=lb step 1 until ub do outinteger(1,A[i]);
outstring(1,"\n")
end writetable;
inittable(1,nA);
writetable(1,nA);
bubblesort(1,nA);
writetable(1,nA)
end
end- Output:
70 92 61 64 74 5 89 52 38 91 59 57 51 34 81 27 57 51 32 74 5 27 32 34 38 51 51 52 57 57 59 61 64 70 74 74 81 89 91 92
ALGOL 68
MODE DATA = INT;
PROC swap = (REF[]DATA slice)VOID:
(
DATA tmp = slice[1];
slice[1] := slice[2];
slice[2] := tmp
);
PROC sort = (REF[]DATA array)VOID:
(
BOOL sorted;
INT shrinkage := 0;
FOR size FROM UPB array - 1 BY -1 WHILE
sorted := TRUE;
shrinkage +:= 1;
FOR i FROM LWB array TO size DO
IF array[i+1] < array[i] THEN
swap(array[i:i+1]);
sorted := FALSE
FI
OD;
NOT sorted
DO SKIP OD
);
main:(
[10]INT random := (1,6,3,5,2,9,8,4,7,0);
printf(($"Before: "10(g(3))l$,random));
sort(random);
printf(($"After: "10(g(3))l$,random))
)- Output:
Before: +1 +6 +3 +5 +2 +9 +8 +4 +7 +0 After: +0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9
ALGOL W
begin
% As algol W does not allow overloading, we have to have type-specific %
% sorting procedures - this bubble sorts an integer array %
% as there is no way for the procedure to determine the array bounds, we %
% pass the lower and upper bounds in lb and ub %
procedure bubbleSortIntegers( integer array item( * )
; integer value lb
; integer value ub
) ;
begin
integer lower, upper;
lower := lb;
upper := ub;
while
begin
logical swapped;
upper := upper - 1;
swapped := false;
for i := lower until upper
do begin
if item( i ) > item( i + 1 )
then begin
integer val;
val := item( i );
item( i ) := item( i + 1 );
item( i + 1 ) := val;
swapped := true;
end if_must_swap ;
end for_i ;
swapped
end
do begin end;
end bubbleSortIntegers ;
begin % test the bubble sort %
integer array data( 1 :: 10 );
procedure writeData ;
begin
write( data( 1 ) );
for i := 2 until 10 do writeon( data( i ) );
end writeData ;
% initialise data to unsorted values %
integer dPos;
dPos := 1;
for i := 16, 2, -6, 9, 90, 14, 0, 23, 8, 9
do begin
data( dPos ) := i;
dPos := dPos + 1;
end for_i ;
i_w := 3; s_w := 1; % set output format %
writeData;
bubbleSortIntegers( data, 1, 10 );
writeData;
end test
end.- Output:
16 2 -6 9 90 14 0 23 8 9 -6 0 2 8 9 9 14 16 23 90
AppleScript
In AppleScript, the time taken to set and check a "has changed" boolean repeatedly over the greater part of the sort generally matches or exceeds any time it may save. A more effective optimisation, since the greater value in any pair also takes part in the following comparison, is to keep the greater value in a variable and only fetch one value from the list for the next comparison.
-- In-place bubble sort.
on bubbleSort(theList, l, r) -- Sort items l thru r of theList.
set listLen to (count theList)
if (listLen < 2) then return
-- Convert negative and/or transposed range indices.
if (l < 0) then set l to listLen + l + 1
if (r < 0) then set r to listLen + r + 1
if (l > r) then set {l, r} to {r, l}
-- The list as a script property to allow faster references to its items.
script o
property lst : theList
end script
set lPlus1 to l + 1
repeat with j from r to lPlus1 by -1
set lv to o's lst's item l
-- Hereafter lv is only set when necessary and from rv rather than from the list.
repeat with i from lPlus1 to j
set rv to o's lst's item i
if (lv > rv) then
set o's lst's item (i - 1) to rv
set o's lst's item i to lv
else
set lv to rv
end if
end repeat
end repeat
return -- nothing.
end bubbleSort
property sort : bubbleSort
-- Demo:
local aList
set aList to {61, 23, 11, 55, 1, 94, 71, 98, 70, 33, 29, 77, 58, 95, 2, 52, 68, 29, 27, 37, 74, 38, 45, 73, 10}
sort(aList, 1, -1) -- Sort items 1 thru -1 of aList.
return aList
- Output:
{1, 2, 10, 11, 23, 27, 29, 29, 33, 37, 38, 45, 52, 55, 58, 61, 68, 70, 71, 73, 74, 77, 94, 95, 98}
Arendelle
A function that returns a sorted version of it's x input
< x > ( i , 0 )
( sjt , 1; 0; 0 ) // swapped:0 / j:1 / temp:2
[ @sjt = 1 ,
( sjt , 0 )
( sjt[ 1 ] , +1 )
( i , 0 )
[ @i < @x? - @sjt[ 1 ],
{ @x[ @i ] < @x[ @i + 1 ],
( sjt[ 2 ] , @x[ @i ] )
( x[ @i ] , @x[ @i + 1 ] )
( x[ @i + 1 ] , @sjt[ 2 ] )
( sjt , 1 )
}
( i , +1 )
]
]
( return , @x )
ARM Assembly
/* ARM assembly Raspberry PI */
/* program bubbleSort.s */
/* REMARK 1 : this program use routines in a include file
see task Include a file language arm assembly
for the routine affichageMess conversion10
see at end of this program the instruction include */
/* for constantes see task include a file in arm assembly */
/************************************/
/* Constantes */
/************************************/
.include "../constantes.inc"
/*********************************/
/* Initialized data */
/*********************************/
.data
szMessSortOk: .asciz "Table sorted.\n"
szMessSortNok: .asciz "Table not sorted !!!!!.\n"
sMessResult: .asciz "Value : @ \n"
szCarriageReturn: .asciz "\n"
.align 4
#TableNumber: .int 1,3,6,2,5,9,10,8,4,7
TableNumber: .int 10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1
.equ NBELEMENTS, (. - TableNumber) / 4
/*********************************/
/* UnInitialized data */
/*********************************/
.bss
sZoneConv: .skip 24
/*********************************/
/* code section */
/*********************************/
.text
.global main
main: @ entry of program
1:
ldr r0,iAdrTableNumber @ address number table
mov r1,#0
mov r2,#NBELEMENTS @ number of élements
bl bubbleSort
ldr r0,iAdrTableNumber @ address number table
bl displayTable
ldr r0,iAdrTableNumber @ address number table
mov r1,#NBELEMENTS @ number of élements
bl isSorted @ control sort
cmp r0,#1 @ sorted ?
beq 2f
ldr r0,iAdrszMessSortNok @ no !! error sort
bl affichageMess
b 100f
2: @ yes
ldr r0,iAdrszMessSortOk
bl affichageMess
100: @ standard end of the program
mov r0, #0 @ return code
mov r7, #EXIT @ request to exit program
svc #0 @ perform the system call
iAdrszCarriageReturn: .int szCarriageReturn
iAdrsMessResult: .int sMessResult
iAdrTableNumber: .int TableNumber
iAdrszMessSortOk: .int szMessSortOk
iAdrszMessSortNok: .int szMessSortNok
/******************************************************************/
/* control sorted table */
/******************************************************************/
/* r0 contains the address of table */
/* r1 contains the number of elements > 0 */
/* r0 return 0 if not sorted 1 if sorted */
isSorted:
push {r2-r4,lr} @ save registers
mov r2,#0
ldr r4,[r0,r2,lsl #2]
1:
add r2,#1
cmp r2,r1
movge r0,#1
bge 100f
ldr r3,[r0,r2, lsl #2]
cmp r3,r4
movlt r0,#0
blt 100f
mov r4,r3
b 1b
100:
pop {r2-r4,lr}
bx lr @ return
/******************************************************************/
/* bubble sort */
/******************************************************************/
/* r0 contains the address of table */
/* r1 contains the first element */
/* r2 contains the number of element */
bubbleSort:
push {r1-r9,lr} @ save registers
sub r2,r2,#1 @ compute i = n - 1
add r8,r1,#1
1: @ start loop 1
mov r3,r1 @ start index
mov r9,#0
sub r7,r2,#1
2: @ start loop 2
add r4,r3,#1
ldr r5,[r0,r3,lsl #2] @ load value A[j]
ldr r6,[r0,r4,lsl #2] @ load value A[j+1]
cmp r6,r5 @ compare value
strlt r6,[r0,r3,lsl #2] @ if smaller inversion
strlt r5,[r0,r4,lsl #2]
movlt r9,#1 @ top table not sorted
add r3,#1 @ increment index j
cmp r3,r7 @ end ?
ble 2b @ no -> loop 2
cmp r9,#0 @ table sorted ?
beq 100f @ yes -> end
sub r2,r2,#1 @ decrement i
cmp r2,r8 @ end ?
bge 1b @ no -> loop 1
100:
pop {r1-r9,lr}
bx lr @ return
/******************************************************************/
/* Display table elements */
/******************************************************************/
/* r0 contains the address of table */
displayTable:
push {r0-r3,lr} @ save registers
mov r2,r0 @ table address
mov r3,#0
1: @ loop display table
ldr r0,[r2,r3,lsl #2]
ldr r1,iAdrsZoneConv @
bl conversion10 @ décimal conversion
ldr r0,iAdrsMessResult
ldr r1,iAdrsZoneConv @ insert conversion
bl strInsertAtCharInc
bl affichageMess @ display message
add r3,#1
cmp r3,#NBELEMENTS - 1
ble 1b
ldr r0,iAdrszCarriageReturn
bl affichageMess
100:
pop {r0-r3,lr}
bx lr
iAdrsZoneConv: .int sZoneConv
/***************************************************/
/* ROUTINES INCLUDE */
/***************************************************/
.include "../affichage.inc"Arturo
bubbleSort: function [items][
len: size items
loop len [j][
i: 1
while [i =< len-j] [
if items\[i] < items\[i-1] [
tmp: items\[i]
items\[i]: items\[i-1]
items\[i-1]: tmp
]
i: i + 1
]
]
items
]
print bubbleSort [3 1 2 8 5 7 9 4 6]
- Output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
AutoHotkey
var =
(
dog
cat
pile
abc
)
MsgBox % bubblesort(var)
bubblesort(var) ; each line of var is an element of the array
{
StringSplit, array, var, `n
hasChanged = 1
size := array0
While hasChanged
{
hasChanged = 0
Loop, % (size - 1)
{
i := array%A_Index%
aj := A_Index + 1
j := array%aj%
If (j < i)
{
temp := array%A_Index%
array%A_Index% := array%aj%
array%aj% := temp
hasChanged = 1
}
}
}
Loop, % size
sorted .= array%A_Index% . "`n"
Return sorted
}
AWK
Sort the standard input and print it to standard output.
{ # read every line into an array
line[NR] = $0
}
END { # sort it with bubble sort
do {
haschanged = 0
for(i=1; i < NR; i++) {
if ( line[i] > line[i+1] ) {
t = line[i]
line[i] = line[i+1]
line[i+1] = t
haschanged = 1
}
}
} while ( haschanged == 1 )
# print it
for(i=1; i <= NR; i++) {
print line[i]
}
}
GNU awk contains built in functions for sorting, but POSIX Awk doesn't. Here is a generic bubble sort() implementation that you can copy/paste to your Awk programs. Adapted from the above example. Note that it is not possible to return arrays from Awk functions so the array is "edited in place". The extra parameters passed in function's argument list is a well known trick to define local variables.
# Test this example file from command line with:
#
# awk -f file.awk /dev/null
#
# Code by Jari Aalto <jari.aalto A T cante net>
# Licensed and released under GPL-2+, see http://spdx.org/licenses
function alen(array, dummy, len) {
for (dummy in array)
len++;
return len;
}
function sort(array, haschanged, len, tmp, i)
{
len = alen(array)
haschanged = 1
while ( haschanged == 1 )
{
haschanged = 0
for (i = 1; i <= len - 1; i++)
{
if (array[i] > array[i+1])
{
tmp = array[i]
array[i] = array[i + 1]
array[i + 1] = tmp
haschanged = 1
}
}
}
}
# An Example. Sorts array to order: b, c, z
{
array[1] = "c"
array[2] = "z"
array[3] = "b"
sort(array)
print array[1] " " array[2] " " array[3]
exit
}
bash
I hope to see vastly improved versions of bubble_sort.
$ function bubble_sort() {
local a=("$@")
local n
local i
local j
local t
ft=(false true)
n=${#a[@]} # array length
i=n
while ${ft[$(( 0 < i ))]}
do
j=0
while ${ft[$(( j+1 < i ))]}
do
if ${ft[$(( a[j+1] < a[j] ))]}
then
t=${a[j+1]}
a[j+1]=${a[j]}
a[j]=$t
fi
t=$(( ++j ))
done
t=$(( --i ))
done
echo ${a[@]}
}
> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > $ # this line output from bash
$ bubble_sort 3 2 8
2 3 8
$ # create an array variable
$ a=(2 45 83 89 1 82 69 88 112 99 0 82 58 65 782 74 -31 104 4 2)
$ bubble_sort ${a[@]}
-31 0 1 2 2 4 45 58 65 69 74 82 82 83 88 89 99 104 112 782
$ b=($( bubble_sort ${a[@]} ) )
$ echo ${#b[@]}
20
$ echo ${b[@]}
-31 0 1 2 2 4 45 58 65 69 74 82 82 83 88 89 99 104 112 782
$
BASIC
Applesoft BASIC
0 GOSUB 7 : IC = I%(0)
1 FOR HC = -1 TO 0
2 LET IC = IC - 1
3 FOR I = 1 TO IC
4 IF I%(I) > I%(I + 1) THEN H = I%(I) : I%(I) = I%(I + 1) : I%(I + 1) = H : HC = -2 * (IC > 1)
5 NEXT I, HC
6 GOSUB 9 : END
7 DIM I%(18000) : I%(0) = 50
8 FOR I = 1 TO I%(0) : I%(I) = INT (RND(1) * 65535) - 32767 : NEXT
9 FOR I = 1 TO I%(0) : PRINT I%(I)" "; : NEXT I : PRINT : RETURN
BaCon
Numeric example:
LOCAL t[] = { 5, 7, 1, 3, 10, 2, 9, 4, 8, 6 }
total = 10
WHILE total > 1
FOR x = 0 TO total-1
IF t[x] > t[x+1] THEN SWAP t[x], t[x+1]
NEXT
DECR total
WEND
PRINT COIL$(10, STR$(t[_-1]))- Output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
String example:
t$ = "Kiev Amsterdam Lima Moscow Warschau Vienna Paris Madrid Bonn Bern Rome"
total = AMOUNT(t$)
WHILE total > 1
FOR x = 1 TO total-1
IF TOKEN$(t$, x) > TOKEN$(t$, x+1) THEN t$ = EXCHANGE$(t$, x, x+1)
NEXT
DECR total
WEND
PRINT t$- Output:
Amsterdam Bern Bonn Kiev Lima Madrid Moscow Paris Rome Vienna Warschau
BASIC256
Dim a(11): ordered=false
print "Original set"
For n = 0 to 9
a[n]=int(rand*20+1)
print a[n]+", ";
next n
#algorithm
while ordered=false
ordered=true
For n = 0 to 9
if a[n]> a[n+1] then
x=a[n]
a[n]=a[n+1]
a[n+1]=x
ordered=false
end if
next n
end while
print
print "Ordered set"
For n = 1 to 10
print a[n]+", ";
next n- Output:
(example)
Original set 2, 10, 17, 13, 20, 14, 3, 17, 16, 16, Ordered set 2, 3, 10, 13, 14, 16, 16, 17, 17, 20,
BBC BASIC
The Bubble sort is very inefficient for 99% of cases. This routine uses a couple of 'tricks' to try and mitigate the inefficiency to a limited extent. Note that the array index is assumed to start at zero.
DIM test(9)
test() = 4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782, 1
PROCbubblesort(test(), 10)
FOR i% = 0 TO 9
PRINT test(i%) ;
NEXT
PRINT
END
DEF PROCbubblesort(a(), n%)
LOCAL i%, l%
REPEAT
l% = 0
FOR i% = 1 TO n%-1
IF a(i%-1) > a(i%) THEN
SWAP a(i%-1),a(i%)
l% = i%
ENDIF
NEXT
n% = l%
UNTIL l% = 0
ENDPROC
- Output:
-31 0 1 2 2 4 65 83 99 782
Chipmunk Basic
The Commodore BASIC solution works without any changes.
Commodore BASIC
5 REM ===============================================
10 REM HTTP://ROSETTACODE.ORG/
20 REM TASK=SORTING ALGORITHMS/BUBBLE SORT
30 REM LANGUAGE=COMMODORE 64 BASIC V2
40 REM DATE=2020-08-17
50 REM CODING BY=ALVALONGO
60 REM FILE=BUBLE.PRG
70 REM ============================================
100 PRINT "SORTING ALGORITHMS/BUBBLE SORT"
110 GOSUB 700
120 GOSUB 800
130 PRINT "RESULT:"
140 GOSUB 600
150 END
600 REM DISPLAY DATA================================
610 FOR K=1 TO N
620 PRINT A(K);
630 NEXT K
640 PRINT
650 RETURN
700 REM LOAD DATA ==================================
720 READ N
730 DIM A(N)
740 FOR I=1 TO N
750 READ A(I)
760 NEXT I
770 RETURN
800 REM BUBBLE SORT ================================
810 FOR I=1 TO N
815 PRINT "I=";I
820 GOSUB 600
830 SW=-1
840 FOR J=1 TO N-I
850 IF A(J)>A(J+1) THEN T=A(J):A(J)=A(J+1):A(J+1)=T:SW=0
860 NEXT J
865 PRINT "SW=";SW
870 IF SW THEN I=N
880 NEXT I
890 RETURN
900 REM DATA==========================================
910 DATA 15
920 DATA 64,34,25,12,22,11,90,13,59,47,19,89,10,17,31Craft Basic
define sort = 0, index = 0, size = 10
define temp1 = 0, temp2 = 0
dim list[size]
gosub fill
gosub sort
gosub show
end
sub fill
for index = 0 to size - 1
let list[index] = int(rnd * 100)
next index
return
sub sort
do
let sort = 0
for index = 0 to size - 2
let temp1 = index + 1
if list[index] > list[temp1] then
let temp2 = list[index]
let list[index] = list[temp1]
let list[temp1] = temp2
let sort = 1
endif
next index
wait
loop sort = 1
return
sub show
for index = 0 to size - 1
print index ," : ", list[index]
next index
return
FreeBASIC
Per task pseudo code:
' version 21-10-2016
' compile with: fbc -s console
' for boundry checks on array's compile with: fbc -s console -exx
Sub bubblesort(bs() As Long)
' sort from lower bound to the highter bound
' array's can have subscript range from -2147483648 to +2147483647
Dim As Long lb = LBound(bs)
Dim As Long ub = UBound(bs)
Dim As Long done, i
Do
done = 0
For i = lb To ub -1
' replace "<" with ">" for downwards sort
If bs(i) > bs(i +1) Then
Swap bs(i), bs(i +1)
done = 1
End If
Next
Loop Until done = 0
End Sub
' ------=< MAIN >=------
Dim As Long i, array(-7 To 7)
Dim As Long a = LBound(array), b = UBound(array)
Randomize Timer
For i = a To b : array(i) = i : Next
For i = a To b ' little shuffle
Swap array(i), array(Int(Rnd * (b - a +1)) + a)
Next
Print "unsort ";
For i = a To b : Print Using "####"; array(i); : Next : Print
bubblesort(array()) ' sort the array
Print " sort ";
For i = a To b : Print Using "####"; array(i); : Next : Print
' empty keyboard buffer
While InKey <> "" : Wend
Print : Print "hit any key to end program"
Sleep
End
- Output:
unsort -7 3 -4 -6 4 -1 -2 2 7 0 5 1 -3 -5 6 sort -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
FTCBASIC
rem bubble sort benchmark example
rem compile with FTCBASIC
use time.inc
use random.inc
define const size = 32000
dim list[size]
define sorting = 0, index = 0, elements = 0
define timestamp = 0, sorttime = 0
define temp1 = 0, temp2 = 0
cls
print "Bubble sort benchmark test"
do
print "How many elements to generate and sort (max " \
print size \
print ")? " \
input elements
loop elements > size
gosub fill
gosub sort
print "done!"
print "sort time: " \
print sorttime
print "Press any key to view sorted data..."
pause
gosub output
pause
end
sub fill
print "filling..."
0 index
do
gosub generaterand
let @list[index] = rand
+1 index
loop index < elements
return
sub sort
print "sorting..."
gosub systemtime
let timestamp = loworder
do
0 sorting
0 index
do
let temp1 = index + 1
if @list[index] > @list[temp1] then
let temp2 = @list[index]
let @list[index] = @list[temp1]
let @list[temp1] = temp2
let sorting = 1
endif
+1 index
loop index < elements - 1
loop sorting = 1
gosub systemtime
let sorttime = ( loworder - timestamp ) / 18
return
sub output
print "printing..."
0 index
do
print @list[index]
+1 index
loop index < elements
return
FutureBasic
Bubble sorting is purely an academic exercise since there are much more efficient native sorting functions in FB.
include "NSLog.incl"
local fn BubbleSort( array as CFMutableArrayRef ) as CFArrayRef
NSUInteger i, x, y, count = len(array)
BOOL swapped = YES
while (swapped)
swapped = NO
for i = 1 to count -1
x = fn NumberIntegerValue( array[i-1] )
y = fn NumberIntegerValue( array[i] )
if ( x > y )
MutableArrayExchangeObjects( array, (i-1), i )
swapped = YES
end if
next
wend
end fn = array
CFMutableArrayRef array
CFArrayRef unsortedArray, sortedArray
NSUInteger i
array = fn MutableArrayWithCapacity(0)
for i = 0 to 20
MutableArrayAddObject( array, fn NumberWithInteger( rnd(100) ) )
next
unsortedArray = fn ArrayWithArray( array )
sortedArray = fn BubbleSort( array )
NSLog( @"\n-----------------\nUnsorted : Sorted\n-----------------" )
for i = 0 to 20
NSLog( @"%8ld : %-8ld", fn NumberIntegerValue( unsortedArray[i] ), fn NumberIntegerValue( sortedArray[i] ) )
next
randomize
HandleEvents- Output:
-----------------
Unsorted : Sorted
-----------------
97 : 7
91 : 8
13 : 13
39 : 17
50 : 20
48 : 28
7 : 28
61 : 30
30 : 30
20 : 33
69 : 39
86 : 42
33 : 48
65 : 50
28 : 50
50 : 61
28 : 65
8 : 69
17 : 86
42 : 91
30 : 97
Gambas
Click this link to run this code
Public Sub Main()
Dim byToSort As Byte[] = [249, 28, 111, 36, 171, 98, 29, 448, 44, 147, 154, 46, 102, 183, 24,
120, 19, 123, 2, 17, 226, 11, 211, 25, 191, 205, 77]
Dim byCount As Byte
Dim bSorting As Boolean
Print "To sort: -"
ShowWorking(byToSort)
Print
Repeat
bSorting = False
For byCount = 0 To byToSort.Max - 1
If byToSort[byCount] > byToSort[byCount + 1] Then
Swap byToSort[byCount], byToSort[byCount + 1]
bSorting = True
Endif
Next
If bSorting Then ShowWorking(byToSort)
Until bSorting = False
End
'-----------------------------------------
Public Sub ShowWorking(byToSort As Byte[])
Dim byCount As Byte
For byCount = 0 To byToSort.Max
Print Str(byToSort[byCount]);
If byCount <> byToSort.Max Then Print ",";
Next
Print
End
Output:
To sort: - 249,28,111,36,171,98,29,192,44,147,154,46,102,183,24,120,19,123,2,17,226,11,211,25,191,205,77 28,111,36,171,98,29,192,44,147,154,46,102,183,24,120,19,123,2,17,226,11,211,25,191,205,77,249 28,36,111,98,29,171,44,147,154,46,102,183,24,120,19,123,2,17,192,11,211,25,191,205,77,226,249 28,36,98,29,111,44,147,154,46,102,171,24,120,19,123,2,17,183,11,192,25,191,205,77,211,226,249 28,36,29,98,44,111,147,46,102,154,24,120,19,123,2,17,171,11,183,25,191,192,77,205,211,226,249 28,29,36,44,98,111,46,102,147,24,120,19,123,2,17,154,11,171,25,183,191,77,192,205,211,226,249 28,29,36,44,98,46,102,111,24,120,19,123,2,17,147,11,154,25,171,183,77,191,192,205,211,226,249 28,29,36,44,46,98,102,24,111,19,120,2,17,123,11,147,25,154,171,77,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 28,29,36,44,46,98,24,102,19,111,2,17,120,11,123,25,147,154,77,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 28,29,36,44,46,24,98,19,102,2,17,111,11,120,25,123,147,77,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 28,29,36,44,24,46,19,98,2,17,102,11,111,25,120,123,77,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 28,29,36,24,44,19,46,2,17,98,11,102,25,111,120,77,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 28,29,24,36,19,44,2,17,46,11,98,25,102,111,77,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 28,24,29,19,36,2,17,44,11,46,25,98,102,77,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 24,28,19,29,2,17,36,11,44,25,46,98,77,102,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 24,19,28,2,17,29,11,36,25,44,46,77,98,102,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 19,24,2,17,28,11,29,25,36,44,46,77,98,102,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 19,2,17,24,11,28,25,29,36,44,46,77,98,102,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 2,17,19,11,24,25,28,29,36,44,46,77,98,102,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 2,17,11,19,24,25,28,29,36,44,46,77,98,102,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 2,11,17,19,24,25,28,29,36,44,46,77,98,102,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249
GW-BASIC
10 REM GENERATE A RANDOM BUNCH OF INTEGERS
20 DIM ARR(20)
30 RANDOMIZE TIMER
40 FOR I=0 TO 19
50 ARR(I)=INT(RND*100)
60 NEXT I
70 REM bubble sort the list, printing it at the end of every pass
80 MX = 19
90 CHANGED = 0
100 FOR I = 0 TO 19
110 PRINT ARR(I);
120 NEXT I
130 PRINT
140 FOR I = 0 TO MX-1
150 IF ARR(I)>ARR(I+1) THEN GOSUB 1000
160 NEXT I
170 MX = MX - 1
180 IF CHANGED*MX = 0 THEN END
190 GOTO 90
1000 TEMP = ARR(I)
1010 ARR(I) = ARR(I+1)
1020 ARR(I+1) = TEMP
1030 CHANGED = 1
1040 RETURN
- Output:
20 59 42 9 5 91 6 64 21 28 65 96 20 66 66 70 91 98 63 31 20 42 9 5 59 6 64 21 28 65 91 20 66 66 70 91 96 63 31 98 20 9 5 42 6 59 21 28 64 65 20 66 66 70 91 91 63 31 96 98 9 5 20 6 42 21 28 59 64 20 65 66 66 70 91 63 31 91 96 98 5 9 6 20 21 28 42 59 20 64 65 66 66 70 63 31 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 21 28 42 20 59 64 65 66 66 63 31 70 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 21 28 20 42 59 64 65 66 63 31 66 70 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 21 20 28 42 59 64 65 63 31 66 66 70 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 20 21 28 42 59 64 63 31 65 66 66 70 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 20 21 28 42 59 63 31 64 65 66 66 70 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 20 21 28 42 59 31 63 64 65 66 66 70 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 20 21 28 42 31 59 63 64 65 66 66 70 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 20 21 28 31 42 59 63 64 65 66 66 70 91 91 96 98
IS-BASIC
100 PROGRAM "BubblSrt.bas"
110 RANDOMIZE
120 NUMERIC ARRAY(-5 TO 9)
130 CALL INIT(ARRAY)
140 CALL WRITE(ARRAY)
150 CALL BUBBLESORT(ARRAY)
160 CALL WRITE(ARRAY)
170 DEF INIT(REF A)
180 FOR I=LBOUND(A) TO UBOUND(A)
190 LET A(I)=RND(98)+1
200 NEXT
210 END DEF
220 DEF WRITE(REF A)
230 FOR I=LBOUND(A) TO UBOUND(A)
240 PRINT A(I);
250 NEXT
260 PRINT
270 END DEF
280 DEF BUBBLESORT(REF A)
290 DO
300 LET CH=0
310 FOR I=LBOUND(A) TO UBOUND(A)-1
320 IF A(I)>A(I+1) THEN LET T=A(I):LET A(I)=A(I+1):LET A(I+1)=T:LET CH=1
330 NEXT
340 LOOP WHILE CH
350 END DEFLiberty BASIC
itemCount = 20
dim item(itemCount)
for i = 1 to itemCount
item(i) = int(rnd(1) * 100)
next i
print "Before Sort"
for i = 1 to itemCount
print item(i)
next i
print: print
counter = itemCount
do
hasChanged = 0
for i = 1 to counter - 1
if item(i) > item(i + 1) then
temp = item(i)
item(i) = item(i + 1)
item(i + 1) = temp
hasChanged = 1
end if
next i
counter =counter -1
loop while hasChanged = 1
print "After Sort"
for i = 1 to itemCount
print item(i)
next i
endmicroA BASIC
'bubble sort in micro(A) BASIC
wcolor 0,0,0 : fcolor 150,180,240
var start,endtime,time
var sort,index,size,temp1,temp2,x,xl,y
size = 1000 : x = 10 : y = 20 : xl = 40
var list[size]
index = 1
GETTICK start
'---------------------------------------------
label do1
list[index] = rand(100)
index = index + 1
if index < size : goto do1 : endif
'---------------------------------------------
label do2
sort = 0
index = 1
label do3
'---------------------------------------------
temp1 = index + 1
if list[index] > list[temp1]
temp2 = list[index]
list[index] = list[temp1]
list[temp1] = temp2
sort = 1
endif
index = index + 1
if index < size - 1 : goto do3 : endif
'-----------------------------------------------
if sort = 1 : goto do2 : endif
'-----------------------------------------------
index = 1
GETTICK endtime
time = (endTime - start) / 1000
fcolor 230,140,120: print 300,10,time : swap
index = 970
'check sort /////////////////////////////////////
label do4
print x,y ,index : print xl,y, list[index]
y = y + 20 : swap
index = index + 1
swap
if index < 1000 : goto do4 :endif
'////////////////////////////////////////////////
Minimal BASIC
100 REM Sorting algorithms/Bubble sort
110 REM Prepare data
120 REM N - size; A - array of nums
130 LET N = 10
140 OPTION BASE 1
150 DIM A(10)
160 RANDOMIZE
170 PRINT "Before: ";
180 FOR I = 1 TO N
190 LET A(I) = INT(RND*100)
200 PRINT A(I);
210 NEXT I
220 PRINT
230 REM Sort
240 REM C - counter; H - has changed
250 LET C = N
260 LET H = 0
270 FOR I = 1 TO C-1
280 IF A(I) <= A(I+1) THEN 330
290 LET T = A(I)
300 LET A(I) = A(I+1)
310 LET A(I+1) = T
320 LET H = 1
330 NEXT I
340 LET C = C-1
350 IF H = 1 THEN 260
360 REM Display result
370 PRINT "After: ";
380 FOR I = 1 TO N
390 PRINT A(I);
400 NEXT I
410 PRINT
420 END
PureBasic
Procedure bubbleSort(Array a(1))
Protected i, itemCount, hasChanged
itemCount = ArraySize(a())
Repeat
hasChanged = #False
itemCount - 1
For i = 0 To itemCount
If a(i) > a(i + 1)
Swap a(i), a(i + 1)
hasChanged = #True
EndIf
Next
Until hasChanged = #False
EndProcedure
QuickBASIC
' Sorting algorithms/Bubble sort
' Prepare data
size = 10
OPTION BASE 1
DIM nums(size)
RANDOMIZE TIMER
PRINT "Before:";
FOR I = 1 TO size
nums(I) = INT(RND * 100)
PRINT USING " ##"; nums(I);
NEXT I
PRINT
' Sort
counter = size
DO
changed = 0
FOR I = 1 TO counter - 1
IF nums(I) > nums(I + 1) THEN
tmp = nums(I)
nums(I) = nums(I + 1)
nums(I + 1) = tmp
changed = 1
END IF
NEXT I
counter = counter - 1
LOOP WHILE (changed)
' Display result
PRINT "After: ";
FOR I = 1 TO 10
PRINT USING " ##"; nums(I);
NEXT I
PRINT
END
- Output:
(2 samples)
Before: 91 97 3 62 17 48 89 7 2 66 After: 2 3 7 17 48 62 66 89 91 97
Before: 22 60 45 44 54 93 84 27 21 64 After: 21 22 27 44 45 54 60 64 84 93
Quite BASIC
100 rem Sorting algorithms/Bubble sort
110 LET n = 10
120 array a
130 GOSUB 310
140 PRINT "unsort ";
150 GOSUB 360
160 rem Sort the array
170 GOSUB 210
180 PRINT " sort ";
190 GOSUB 360
200 END
210 rem Bubble sort the list A of length N
220 FOR i = 1 TO n-1
230 FOR j = 1 TO n-i
240 IF a[j] <= a[j+1] THEN GOTO 280
250 LET x = a[j]
260 LET a[j] = a[j+1]
270 LET a[j+1] = x
280 NEXT j
290 NEXT i
300 RETURN
310 rem Create a RANDOM list of N integers
320 FOR i = 1 TO n
330 LET a[i] = FLOOR(RAND(100))
340 NEXT i
350 RETURN
360 rem Print the list a
370 FOR i = 1 TO n
380 PRINT a[i];" ";
390 NEXT i
400 PRINT
410 RETURN
- Output:
unsort 19 78 39 54 63 68 66 52 94 2 sort 2 19 39 52 54 63 66 68 78 94
RapidQ
' Sorting algorithms/Bubble sort
' Prepare data
size = 10
DIM nums(1 TO size)
RANDOMIZE TIMER
PRINT "Before:";
FOR I = 1 TO size
nums(I) = INT(RND * 100)
PRINT FORMAT$(" %2d", nums(I));
NEXT I
PRINT
' Sort
counter = size
DO
changed = 0
FOR I = 1 TO counter - 1
IF nums(I) > nums(I + 1) THEN
tmp = nums(I)
nums(I) = nums(I + 1)
nums(I + 1) = tmp
changed = -1
END IF
NEXT I
counter = counter - 1
LOOP UNTIL NOT changed
' Display result
PRINT "After: ";
FOR I = 1 TO 10
PRINT FORMAT$(" %2d", nums(I));
NEXT I
PRINT
END
- Output:
(2 samples)
Before: 82 34 57 44 48 71 19 33 73 62 After: 19 33 34 44 48 57 62 71 73 82
Before: 4 15 96 93 27 24 9 80 10 21 After: 4 9 10 15 21 24 27 80 93 96
REALbasic
Sorts an array of Integers.
Dim sortable() As Integer = Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
sortable.Shuffle() ' sortable is now randomized
Dim swapped As Boolean
Do
Dim index, bound As Integer
bound = sortable.Ubound
While index < bound
If sortable(index) > sortable(index + 1) Then
Dim s As Integer = sortable(index)
sortable.Remove(index)
sortable.Insert(index + 1, s)
swapped = True
End If
index = index + 1
Wend
Loop Until Not swapped
'sortable is now sorted
Run BASIC
siz = 100
dim data$(siz)
unSorted = 1
WHILE unSorted
unSorted = 0
FOR i = 1 TO siz -1
IF data$(i) > data$(i +1) THEN
tmp$ = data$(i)
data$(i) = data$(i +1)
data$(i + 1) = tmp$
unSorted = 1
END IF
NEXT
WENDSinclair ZX81 BASIC
Works with the 1k RAM model. For simplicity, and to make it easy to animate the sort as it is going on, this implementation sorts a string of eight-bit unsigned integers which can be treated as character codes; it could easily be amended to sort an array of numbers or an array of strings, but the array would need to be dimensioned at the start.
10 LET S$="FIRE BURN AND CAULDRON BUBBLE"
20 PRINT S$
30 LET L=LEN S$-1
40 LET C=0
50 FOR I=1 TO L
60 IF S$(I)<=S$(I+1) THEN GOTO 120
70 LET T$=S$(I)
80 LET S$(I)=S$(I+1)
90 LET S$(I+1)=T$
100 PRINT AT 0,I-1;S$(I TO I+1)
110 LET C=1
120 NEXT I
130 LET L=L-1
140 IF C THEN GOTO 40
- Output:
AABBBBCDDEEFILLNNNORRRUUU
TI-83 BASIC
Input your data into L1 and run this program to organize it.
:L1→L2 :1+dim(L2)→N :For(D,1,dim(L2)) :N-1→N :0→I :For(C,1,dim(L2)-2) :For(A,dim(L2)-N+1,dim(L2)-1) :If L2(A)>L2(A+1) :Then :1→I :L2(A)→B :L2(A+1)→L2(A) :B→L2(A+1) :End :End :End :If I=0 :Goto C :End :Lbl C :If L2(1)>L2(2) :Then :L2(1)→B :L2(2)→L2(1) :B→L2(2) :End :DelVar A :DelVar B :DelVar C :DelVar D :DelVar N :DelVar I :Return
Odd-Even Bubble Sort (same IO):
:"ODD-EVEN" :L1→L2( :1+dim(L2)→N :For(D,1,dim(L2)) :N-1→N :0→O :For(C,1,dim(L2)-2) :For(A,dim(L2)-N+2,dim(L2)-1,2) :If L2(A)>L2(A+1) :Then :1→O :L2(A)→B :L2(A+1)→L2(A) :B→L2(A+1) :End :End :For(A,dim(L2)-N+1,dim(L2)-1,2) :If L2(A)>L2(A+1) :Then :1→O :L2(A)→B :L2(A+1)→L2(A) :B→L2(A+1) :End :End :End :If O=0 :Goto C :End :Lbl C :If L2(1)>L2(2) :Then :L2(1)→B :L2(2)→L2(1) :B→L2(2) :End :DelVar A :DelVar B :DelVar C :DelVar D :DelVar N :DelVar O :Return
Implementation of the pseudo code given at the top of the page. Place data to be sorted in L1
:dim(L1)→D
:Repeat C=0
:0→C
:D–1→D
:For(I,1,D)
:If L1(I)>L1(I+1):Then
:L1(I)→C
:L1(I+1)→L1(I)
:C→L1(I+1)
:1→C
:End
:End
:End
:L1
True BASIC
OPTION BASE 1
LET size = 10
DIM nums(0)
MAT REDIM nums(size)
RANDOMIZE
PRINT "Before:";
FOR i = 1 TO size
LET nums(i) = INT(RND*100)
PRINT USING " ##": nums(i);
NEXT i
PRINT
! Sort
LET counter = size
DO
LET changed = 0
FOR i = 1 TO counter-1
IF nums(i) > nums(i+1) THEN
LET tmp = nums(i)
LET nums(i) = nums(i+1)
LET nums(i+1) = tmp
LET changed = 1
END IF
NEXT i
LET counter = counter-1
LOOP WHILE (changed<>0)
! Display result
PRINT "After: ";
FOR i = 1 TO 10
PRINT USING " ##": nums(i);
NEXT i
PRINT
END
- Output:
Similar as QuickBASIC entry.
uBasic/4tH
PRINT "Bubble sort:"
n = FUNC (_InitArray)
PROC _ShowArray (n)
PROC _Bubblesort (n)
PROC _ShowArray (n)
PRINT
END
_Bubblesort PARAM(1) ' Bubble sort
LOCAL (2)
DO
b@ = 0
FOR c@ = 1 TO a@-1
IF @(c@-1) > @(c@) THEN PROC _Swap (c@, c@-1) : b@ = c@
NEXT
a@ = b@
UNTIL b@ = 0
LOOP
RETURN
_Swap PARAM(2) ' Swap two array elements
PUSH @(a@)
@(a@) = @(b@)
@(b@) = POP()
RETURN
_InitArray ' Init example array
PUSH 4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782, 1
FOR i = 0 TO 9
@(i) = POP()
NEXT
RETURN (i)
_ShowArray PARAM (1) ' Show array subroutine
FOR i = 0 TO a@-1
PRINT @(i),
NEXT
PRINT
RETURN
VBA
Private Function bubble_sort(s As Variant) As Variant
Dim tmp As Variant
Dim changed As Boolean
For j = UBound(s) To 1 Step -1
changed = False
For i = 1 To j - 1
If s(i) > s(i + 1) Then
tmp = s(i)
s(i) = s(i + 1)
s(i + 1) = tmp
changed = True
End If
Next i
If Not changed Then
Exit For
End If
Next j
bubble_sort = s
End Function
Public Sub main()
s = [{4, 15, "delta", 2, -31, 0, "alfa", 19, "gamma", 2, 13, "beta", 782, 1}]
Debug.Print "Before: "
Debug.Print Join(s, ", ")
Debug.Print "After: "
Debug.Print Join(bubble_sort(s), ", ")
End Sub
- Output:
Before: 4, 15, delta, 2, -31, 0, alfa, 19, gamma, 2, 13, beta, 782, 1 After: -31, 0, 1, 2, 2, 4, 13, 15, 19, 782, alfa, beta, delta, gamma
VBScript
Doing the decr and incr thing is superfluous, really. I just had stumbled over the byref thing for swap and wanted to see where else it would work.
For those unfamiliar with Perth, WA Australia, the five strings being sorted are names of highways.
Implementation
sub decr( byref n )
n = n - 1
end sub
sub incr( byref n )
n = n + 1
end sub
sub swap( byref a, byref b)
dim tmp
tmp = a
a = b
b = tmp
end sub
function bubbleSort( a )
dim changed
dim itemCount
itemCount = ubound(a)
do
changed = false
decr itemCount
for i = 0 to itemCount
if a(i) > a(i+1) then
swap a(i), a(i+1)
changed = true
end if
next
loop until not changed
bubbleSort = a
end function
Invocation
dim a
a = array( "great eastern", "roe", "stirling", "albany", "leach")
wscript.echo join(a,", ")
bubbleSort a
wscript.echo join(a,", ")
- Output:
great eastern, roe, stirling, albany, leach albany, great eastern, leach, roe, stirling
Visual Basic .NET
Platform: .NET
Do Until NoMoreSwaps = True
NoMoreSwaps = True
For Counter = 1 To (NumberOfItems - 1)
If List(Counter) > List(Counter + 1) Then
NoMoreSwaps = False
Temp = List(Counter)
List(Counter) = List(Counter + 1)
List(Counter + 1) = Temp
End If
Next
NumberOfItems = NumberOfItems - 1
Loop
Yabasic
// Animated sort.
// Original idea by William Tang, obtained from MicroHobby 25 Years (https://microhobby.speccy.cz/zxsf/MH-25Years.pdf)
clear screen
n=15 : m=18 : y=9 : t$=chr$(17)+chr$(205)+chr$(205)
dim p(n), p$(n)
for x=1 TO n
p(x)=ran(15)+1
p$(x)=str$(p(x),"##.######")
print at(0,x) p$(x)
next x
for j=1 to n-1
for i=j+1 to n
l=n+j-i+1
if p(j) > p(l) then
print color("yellow","red") at(0,j) p$(j)
if l<>m then
for x=m to l step sig(l-m): print at(18,x) t$ : print at (18,x+sig(m-l)) " " : pause .02 : next x
end if
for x=17 TO y step -1 : print at(x,l) t$+" " : pause .02 : next x
for x=0 TO 10 : print at(x,l) " "+p$(l)+t$ : pause .02 : next x
for x=l TO j STEP -1 : print at(11,x) p$(l)+t$ : print at(11,x+1) " " : pause .02 : next x
print at(0,j) " "
for x=j+1 TO l-1 : print color("yellow","red") at(0,x) p$(j) : pause .02 : print at(0,x) p$(x) : pause .02 : next x
print at(0,l) p$(j)
for x=10 TO 0 step -1 : print at(x,j) p$(l)+t$+" " : pause .02 : next x
for x=y TO 17 : print at(x,j) " "+t$ : pause .02 : next x
m=j
t=p(l) : tem$=p$(l)
p(l)=p(j) : p$(l)=p$(j)
p(j)=t : p$(j)=tem$
end if
pause .02
next i
next j
for x=m TO 18 : print at(18,x-1) " " : print at(18,x) t$ : pause .02 : next xZX Spectrum Basic
5000 CLS
5002 LET a$="": FOR f=1 TO 64: LET a$=a$+CHR$ (32+INT (RND*96)): NEXT f
5004 PRINT a$; AT 10,0;"ZigZag BubbleSORT"
5010 LET la=LEN a$
5011 LET i=1: LET u=0
5020 LET d=0: LET p=(u=0)-(u=1)
5021 LET l=(i AND u=0)+(la-i+u AND u=1)
5030 IF u=0 THEN IF a$(l+1)>=a$(l) THEN GO TO 5050
5031 IF u=1 THEN IF a$(l-1)<=a$(l) THEN GO TO 5050
5040 LET d=1
5042 LET t$=a$(l+p)
5043 LET a$(l+p)=a$(l)
5044 LET a$(l)=t$
5050 LET l=l+p
5051 PRINT AT 10,21;a$(l);AT 12,0;a$
5055 IF l<=la-i AND l>=i THEN GO TO 5023
5061 LET i=i+NOT u
5063 LET u=NOT u
5064 IF d AND i<la THEN GO TO 5020
5072 PRINT AT 12,0;a$
9000 STOP
The traditional solution:
10 LET siz=32
20 DIM d$(siz)
30 REM Populate d$
40 FOR n=1 TO siz: LET d$(n)=CHR$ (48+INT (RND*75)): NEXT n
50 PRINT d$
60 LET unSorted=0
70 FOR i=1 TO siz-1
80 IF d$(i)>d$(i+1) THEN LET t$=d$(i): LET d$(i)=d$(i+1): LET d$(i+1)=t$: LET unSorted=1
90 NEXT i
100 IF unSorted THEN LET siz=siz-1: GO TO 60
110 PRINT d$
BCPL
get "libhdr"
let bubblesort(v, length) be
$( let sorted = false
until sorted
$( sorted := true
length := length - 1
for i=0 to length-1
if v!i > v!(i+1)
$( let x = v!i
v!i := v!(i+1)
v!(i+1) := x
sorted := false
$)
$)
$)
let start() be
$( let v = table 10,8,6,4,2,1,3,5,7,9
bubblesort(v, 10)
for i=0 to 9 do writef("%N ", v!i)
wrch('*N')
$)- Output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Befunge
000p&: v >20g:7g\1+7g2v
v00p7g00 _10p0>20p20g:7g\1+7g`|0p7+1g02p7g0<
>g1+00p&:^ |-\g00:+1g02 <
0 >$10gv
|-\g00:+1 <
>1->:7g\:#v_$>:#._25*,@
^ <
C
#include <stdio.h>
void bubble_sort (int *a, int n) {
int i, t, j = n, s = 1;
while (s) {
s = 0;
for (i = 1; i < j; i++) {
if (a[i] < a[i - 1]) {
t = a[i];
a[i] = a[i - 1];
a[i - 1] = t;
s = 1;
}
}
j--;
}
}
int main () {
int a[] = {4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782, 1};
int n = sizeof a / sizeof a[0];
int i;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
printf("%d%s", a[i], i == n - 1 ? "\n" : " ");
bubble_sort(a, n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
printf("%d%s", a[i], i == n - 1 ? "\n" : " ");
return 0;
}
- Output:
4 65 2 -31 0 99 2 83 782 1 -31 0 1 2 2 4 65 83 99 782
C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace RosettaCode.BubbleSort
{
public static class BubbleSortMethods
{
//The "this" keyword before the method parameter identifies this as a C# extension
//method, which can be called using instance method syntax on any generic list,
//without having to modify the generic List<T> code provided by the .NET framework.
public static void BubbleSort<T>(this List<T> list) where T : IComparable
{
bool madeChanges;
int itemCount = list.Count;
do
{
madeChanges = false;
itemCount--;
for (int i = 0; i < itemCount; i++)
{
if (list[i].CompareTo(list[i + 1]) > 0)
{
T temp = list[i + 1];
list[i + 1] = list[i];
list[i] = temp;
madeChanges = true;
}
}
} while (madeChanges);
}
}
//A short test program to demonstrate the BubbleSort. The compiler will change the
//call to testList.BubbleSort() into one to BubbleSortMethods.BubbleSort<T>(testList).
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
List<int> testList = new List<int> { 3, 7, 3, 2, 1, -4, 10, 12, 4 };
testList.BubbleSort();
foreach (var t in testList) Console.Write(t + " ");
}
}
}
C++
Uses C++11. Compile with
g++ -std=c++11 bubble.cpp
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
template <typename RandomAccessIterator>
void bubble_sort(RandomAccessIterator begin, RandomAccessIterator end) {
bool swapped = true;
while (begin != end-- && swapped) {
swapped = false;
for (auto i = begin; i != end; ++i) {
if (*(i + 1) < *i) {
std::iter_swap(i, i + 1);
swapped = true;
}
}
}
}
int main() {
int a[] = {100, 2, 56, 200, -52, 3, 99, 33, 177, -199};
bubble_sort(std::begin(a), std::end(a));
copy(std::begin(a), std::end(a), std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << "\n";
}
- Output:
-199 -52 2 3 33 56 99 100 177 200
Clojure
Bubble sorts a Java ArrayList in place. Uses 'doseq' iteration construct with a short-circuit when a pass didn't produce any change, and within the pass, an atomic 'changed' variable that gets reset whenever a change occurs.
(ns bubblesort
(:import java.util.ArrayList))
(defn bubble-sort
"Sort in-place.
arr must implement the Java List interface and should support
random access, e.g. an ArrayList."
([arr] (bubble-sort compare arr))
([cmp arr]
(letfn [(swap! [i j]
(let [t (.get arr i)]
(doto arr
(.set i (.get arr j))
(.set j t))))
(sorter [stop-i]
(let [changed (atom false)]
(doseq [i (range stop-i)]
(if (pos? (cmp (.get arr i) (.get arr (inc i))))
(do
(swap! i (inc i))
(reset! changed true))))
@changed))]
(doseq [stop-i (range (dec (.size arr)) -1 -1)
:while (sorter stop-i)])
arr)))
(println (bubble-sort (ArrayList. [10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1])))
Purely functional version working on Clojure sequences:
(defn- bubble-step
"was-changed: whether any elements prior to the current first element
were swapped;
returns a two-element vector [partially-sorted-sequence is-sorted]"
[less? xs was-changed]
(if (< (count xs) 2)
[xs (not was-changed)]
(let [[x1 x2 & xr] xs
first-is-smaller (less? x1 x2)
is-changed (or was-changed (not first-is-smaller))
[smaller larger] (if first-is-smaller [x1 x2] [x2 x1])
[result is-sorted] (bubble-step
less? (cons larger xr) is-changed)]
[(cons smaller result) is-sorted])))
(defn bubble-sort
"Takes an optional less-than predicate and a sequence.
Returns the sorted sequence.
Very inefficient (O(n²))"
([xs] (bubble-sort <= xs))
([less? xs]
(let [[result is-sorted] (bubble-step less? xs false)]
(if is-sorted
result
(recur less? result)))))
(println (bubble-sort [10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1]))
CLU
% Bubble-sort an array in place.
bubble_sort = proc [T: type] (a: array[T])
where T has lt: proctype (T,T) returns (bool)
bound_lo: int := array[T]$low(a)
bound_hi: int := array[T]$high(a)
for hi: int in int$from_to_by(bound_hi, bound_lo, -1) do
for i: int in int$from_to(bound_lo, hi-1) do
if a[hi] < a[i] then
temp: T := a[i]
a[i] := a[hi]
a[hi] := temp
end
end
end
end bubble_sort
% Print an array
print_arr = proc [T: type] (a: array[T], w: int, s: stream)
where T has unparse: proctype (T) returns (string)
for el: T in array[T]$elements(a) do
stream$putright(s, T$unparse(el), w)
end
stream$putc(s, '\n')
end print_arr
start_up = proc ()
ai = array[int]
po: stream := stream$primary_output()
test: ai := ai$[7, -5, 0, 2, 99, 16, 4, 20, 47, 19]
stream$puts(po, "Before: ") print_arr[int](test, 3, po)
bubble_sort[int](test)
stream$puts(po, "After: ") print_arr[int](test, 3, po)
end start_up- Output:
Before: 7 -5 0 2 99 16 4 20 47 19 After: -5 0 2 4 7 16 19 20 47 99
CMake
Only for lists of integers.
# bubble_sort(var [value1 value2...]) sorts a list of integers.
function(bubble_sort var)
math(EXPR last "${ARGC} - 1") # Prepare to sort ARGV[1]..ARGV[last].
set(again YES)
while(again)
set(again NO)
math(EXPR last "${last} - 1") # Decrement last index.
foreach(index RANGE 1 ${last}) # Loop for each index.
math(EXPR index_plus_1 "${index} + 1")
set(a "${ARGV${index}}") # a = ARGV[index]
set(b "${ARGV${index_plus_1}}") # b = ARGV[index + 1]
if(a GREATER "${b}") # If a > b...
set(ARGV${index} "${b}") # ...then swap a, b
set(ARGV${index_plus_1} "${a}") # inside ARGV.
set(again YES)
endif()
endforeach(index)
endwhile()
set(answer)
math(EXPR last "${ARGC} - 1")
foreach(index RANGE 1 "${last}")
list(APPEND answer "${ARGV${index}}")
endforeach(index)
set("${var}" "${answer}" PARENT_SCOPE)
endfunction(bubble_sort)
bubble_sort(result 33 11 44 22 66 55)
message(STATUS "${result}")
-- 11;22;33;44;55;66
COBOL
This is a complete program that demonstrates the bubble sort algorithm in COBOL.
This version is for COBOL-74 which does not have in-line performs, nor END-IF and related constructs.
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. BUBBLESORT.
AUTHOR. DAVE STRATFORD.
DATE-WRITTEN. MARCH 2010.
INSTALLATION. HEXAGON SYSTEMS LIMITED.
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
CONFIGURATION SECTION.
SOURCE-COMPUTER. ICL VME.
OBJECT-COMPUTER. ICL VME.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
SELECT FA-INPUT-FILE ASSIGN FL01.
SELECT FB-OUTPUT-FILE ASSIGN FL02.
DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD FA-INPUT-FILE.
01 FA-INPUT-REC.
03 FA-DATA PIC S9(6).
FD FB-OUTPUT-FILE.
01 FB-OUTPUT-REC PIC S9(6).
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WA-IDENTITY.
03 WA-PROGNAME PIC X(10) VALUE "BUBBLESORT".
03 WA-VERSION PIC X(6) VALUE "000001".
01 WB-TABLE.
03 WB-ENTRY PIC 9(8) COMP SYNC OCCURS 100000
INDEXED BY WB-IX-1.
01 WC-VARS.
03 WC-SIZE PIC S9(8) COMP SYNC.
03 WC-TEMP PIC S9(8) COMP SYNC.
03 WC-END PIC S9(8) COMP SYNC.
03 WC-LAST-CHANGE PIC S9(8) COMP SYNC.
01 WF-CONDITION-FLAGS.
03 WF-EOF-FLAG PIC X.
88 END-OF-FILE VALUE "Y".
03 WF-EMPTY-FILE-FLAG PIC X.
88 EMPTY-FILE VALUE "Y".
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
A-MAIN SECTION.
A-000.
PERFORM B-INITIALISE.
IF NOT EMPTY-FILE
PERFORM C-SORT.
PERFORM D-FINISH.
A-999.
STOP RUN.
B-INITIALISE SECTION.
B-000.
DISPLAY "*** " WA-PROGNAME " VERSION "
WA-VERSION " STARTING ***".
MOVE ALL "N" TO WF-CONDITION-FLAGS.
OPEN INPUT FA-INPUT-FILE.
SET WB-IX-1 TO 0.
READ FA-INPUT-FILE AT END MOVE "Y" TO WF-EOF-FLAG
WF-EMPTY-FILE-FLAG.
PERFORM BA-READ-INPUT UNTIL END-OF-FILE.
CLOSE FA-INPUT-FILE.
SET WC-SIZE TO WB-IX-1.
B-999.
EXIT.
BA-READ-INPUT SECTION.
BA-000.
SET WB-IX-1 UP BY 1.
MOVE FA-DATA TO WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1).
READ FA-INPUT-FILE AT END MOVE "Y" TO WF-EOF-FLAG.
BA-999.
EXIT.
C-SORT SECTION.
C-000.
DISPLAY "SORT STARTING".
MOVE WC-SIZE TO WC-END.
PERFORM E-BUBBLE UNTIL WC-END = 1.
DISPLAY "SORT FINISHED".
C-999.
EXIT.
D-FINISH SECTION.
D-000.
OPEN OUTPUT FB-OUTPUT-FILE.
SET WB-IX-1 TO 1.
PERFORM DA-WRITE-OUTPUT UNTIL WB-IX-1 > WC-SIZE.
CLOSE FB-OUTPUT-FILE.
DISPLAY "*** " WA-PROGNAME " FINISHED ***".
D-999.
EXIT.
DA-WRITE-OUTPUT SECTION.
DA-000.
WRITE FB-OUTPUT-REC FROM WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1).
SET WB-IX-1 UP BY 1.
DA-999.
EXIT.
E-BUBBLE SECTION.
E-000.
MOVE 1 TO WC-LAST-CHANGE.
PERFORM F-PASS VARYING WB-IX-1 FROM 1 BY 1
UNTIL WB-IX-1 = WC-END.
MOVE WC-LAST-CHANGE TO WC-END.
E-999.
EXIT.
F-PASS SECTION.
F-000.
IF WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1) > WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1 + 1)
SET WC-LAST-CHANGE TO WB-IX-1
MOVE WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1) TO WC-TEMP
MOVE WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1 + 1) TO WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1)
MOVE WC-TEMP TO WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1 + 1).
F-999.
EXIT.
A more modern version of COBOL.
identification division.
program-id. BUBBLSRT.
data division.
working-storage section.
01 changed-flag pic x.
88 hasChanged value 'Y'.
88 hasNOTChanged value 'N'.
01 itemCount pic 99.
01 tempItem pic 99.
01 itemArray.
03 itemArrayCount pic 99.
03 item pic 99 occurs 99 times
indexed by itemIndex.
*
procedure division.
main.
* place the values to sort into itemArray
move 10 to itemArrayCount
move 28 to item (1)
move 44 to item (2)
move 46 to item (3)
move 24 to item (4)
move 19 to item (5)
move 2 to item (6)
move 17 to item (7)
move 11 to item (8)
move 24 to item (9)
move 4 to item (10)
* store the starting count in itemCount and perform the sort
move itemArrayCount to itemCount
perform bubble-sort
* output the results
perform varying itemIndex from 1 by 1
until itemIndex > itemArrayCount
display item (itemIndex) ';' with no advancing
end-perform
* thats it!
stop run.
*
bubble-sort.
perform with test after until hasNOTchanged
set hasNOTChanged to true
subtract 1 from itemCount
perform varying itemIndex from 1 by 1
until itemIndex > itemCount
if item (itemIndex) > item (itemIndex + 1)
move item (itemIndex) to tempItem
move item (itemIndex + 1) to item (itemIndex)
move tempItem to item (itemIndex + 1)
set hasChanged to true
end-if
end-perform
end-perform
.
- Output:
Output: 02;04;11;17;19;24;24;28;44;46;
Common Lisp
Bubble sort an sequence in-place, using the < operator for comparison if no comaprison function is provided
(defun bubble-sort (sequence &optional (compare #'<))
"sort a sequence (array or list) with an optional comparison function (cl:< is the default)"
(loop with sorted = nil until sorted do
(setf sorted t)
(loop for a below (1- (length sequence)) do
(unless (funcall compare (elt sequence a)
(elt sequence (1+ a)))
(rotatef (elt sequence a)
(elt sequence (1+ a)))
(setf sorted nil)))))
(bubble-sort (list 5 4 3 2 1))
elt has linear access time for lists, making the prior implementation of bubble-sort very expensive (although very clear, and straightforward to code. Here is an implementation that works efficiently for both vectors and lists. For lists it also has the nice property that the input list and the sorted list begin with the same cons cell.
(defun bubble-sort-vector (vector predicate &aux (len (1- (length vector))))
(do ((swapped t)) ((not swapped) vector)
(setf swapped nil)
(do ((i (min 0 len) (1+ i))) ((eql i len))
(when (funcall predicate (aref vector (1+ i)) (aref vector i))
(rotatef (aref vector i) (aref vector (1+ i)))
(setf swapped t)))))
(defun bubble-sort-list (list predicate)
(do ((swapped t)) ((not swapped) list)
(setf swapped nil)
(do ((list list (rest list))) ((endp (rest list)))
(when (funcall predicate (second list) (first list))
(rotatef (first list) (second list))
(setf swapped t)))))
(defun bubble-sort (sequence predicate)
(etypecase sequence
(list (bubble-sort-list sequence predicate))
(vector (bubble-sort-vector sequence predicate))))
Cowgol
include "cowgol.coh";
# Comparator interface, on the model of C, i.e:
# foo < bar => -1, foo == bar => 0, foo > bar => 1
typedef CompRslt is int(-1, 1);
interface Comparator(foo: intptr, bar: intptr): (rslt: CompRslt);
# Bubble sort an array of pointer-sized integers given a comparator function
# (This is the closest you can get to polymorphism in Cowgol).
sub bubbleSort(A: [intptr], len: intptr, comp: Comparator) is
loop
var swapped: uint8 := 0;
var i: intptr := 1;
var a := @next A;
while i < len loop
if comp([@prev a], [a]) == 1 then
var t := [a];
[a] := [@prev a];
[@prev a] := t;
swapped := 1;
end if;
a := @next a;
i := i + 1;
end loop;
if swapped == 0 then
return;
end if;
end loop;
end sub;
# Test: sort a list of numbers
sub NumComp implements Comparator is
# Compare the inputs as numbers
if foo < bar then rslt := -1;
elseif foo > bar then rslt := 1;
else rslt := 0;
end if;
end sub;
# Numbers
var numbers: intptr[] := {
65,13,4,84,29,5,96,73,5,11,17,76,38,26,44,20,36,12,44,51,79,8,99,7,19,95,26
};
# Sort the numbers in place
bubbleSort(&numbers as [intptr], @sizeof numbers, NumComp);
# Print the numbers (hopefully in order)
var i: @indexof numbers := 0;
while i < @sizeof numbers loop
print_i32(numbers[i] as uint32);
print_char(' ');
i := i + 1;
end loop;
print_nl();- Output:
4 5 5 7 8 11 12 13 17 19 20 26 26 29 36 38 44 44 51 65 73 76 79 84 95 96 99
D
import std.stdio, std.algorithm : swap;
T[] bubbleSort(T)(T[] data) pure nothrow
{
foreach_reverse (n; 0 .. data.length)
{
bool swapped;
foreach (i; 0 .. n)
if (data[i] > data[i + 1]) {
swap(data[i], data[i + 1]);
swapped = true;
}
if (!swapped)
break;
}
return data;
}
void main()
{
auto array = [28, 44, 46, 24, 19, 2, 17, 11, 25, 4];
writeln(array.bubbleSort());
}
- Output:
[2, 4, 11, 17, 19, 24, 25, 28, 44, 46]
Dart
List<num> bubbleSort(List<num> list) {
var retList = new List<num>.from(list);
var tmp;
var swapped = false;
do {
swapped = false;
for(var i = 1; i < retList.length; i++) {
if(retList[i - 1] > retList[i]) {
tmp = retList[i - 1];
retList[i - 1] = retList[i];
retList[i] = tmp;
swapped = true;
}
}
} while(swapped);
return retList;
}
Delphi
Dynamic array is a 0-based array of variable length
Static array is an arbitrary-based array of fixed length
program TestBubbleSort;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
{.$DEFINE DYNARRAY} // remove '.' to compile with dynamic array
type
TItem = Integer; // declare ordinal type for array item
{$IFDEF DYNARRAY}
TArray = array of TItem; // dynamic array
{$ELSE}
TArray = array[0..15] of TItem; // static array
{$ENDIF}
procedure BubbleSort(var A: TArray);
var
Item: TItem;
K, L, J: Integer;
begin
L:= Low(A) + 1;
repeat
K:= High(A);
for J:= High(A) downto L do begin
if A[J - 1] > A[J] then begin
Item:= A[J - 1];
A[J - 1]:= A[J];
A[J]:= Item;
K:= J;
end;
end;
L:= K + 1;
until L > High(A);
end;
var
A: TArray;
I: Integer;
begin
{$IFDEF DYNARRAY}
SetLength(A, 16);
{$ENDIF}
for I:= Low(A) to High(A) do
A[I]:= Random(100);
for I:= Low(A) to High(A) do
Write(A[I]:3);
Writeln;
BubbleSort(A);
for I:= Low(A) to High(A) do
Write(A[I]:3);
Writeln;
Readln;
end.
- Output:
0 3 86 20 27 67 31 16 37 42 8 47 7 84 5 29 0 3 5 7 8 16 20 27 29 31 37 42 47 67 84 86
Draco
/* Bubble sort an array of integers */
proc nonrec bubblesort([*] int a) void:
bool sorted;
int i, temp;
sorted := false;
while not sorted do
sorted := true;
for i from 1 upto dim(a,1)-1 do
if a[i-1] > a[i] then
sorted := false;
temp := a[i-1];
a[i-1] := a[i];
a[i] := temp
fi
od
od
corp
/* Test */
proc nonrec main() void:
int i;
[10] int a = (9, -5, 3, 3, 24, -16, 3, -120, 250, 17);
write("Before sorting: ");
for i from 0 upto 9 do write(a[i]:5) od;
writeln();
bubblesort(a);
write("After sorting: ");
for i from 0 upto 9 do write(a[i]:5) od
corp- Output:
Before sorting: 9 -5 3 3 24 -16 3 -120 250 17 After sorting: -120 -16 -5 3 3 3 9 17 24 250
Dyalect
func bubbleSort(list) {
var done = false
while !done {
done = true
for i in 1..(list.Length()-1) {
if list[i - 1] > list[i] {
var x = list[i]
list[i] = list[i - 1]
list[i - 1] = x
done = false
}
}
}
}
var xs = [3,1,5,4,2,6]
bubbleSort(xs)
print(xs)- Output:
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
E
def bubbleSort(target) {
__loop(fn {
var changed := false
for i in 0..(target.size() - 2) {
def [a, b] := target(i, i + 2)
if (a > b) {
target(i, i + 2) := [b, a]
changed := true
}
}
changed
})
}(Uses the primitive __loop directly because it happens to map to the termination test for this algorithm well.)
EasyLang
proc bubble_sort . d[] .
for i = len d[] - 1 downto 1
for j = 1 to i
if d[j] > d[j + 1]
swap d[j] d[j + 1]
.
.
.
.
arr[] = [ 5 1 19 25 12 1 14 7 ]
bubble_sort arr[]
print arr[]
- Output:
[ 1 1 5 7 12 14 19 25 ]
EchoLisp
;; sorts a vector of objects in place
;; proc is an user defined comparison procedure
(define (bubble-sort V proc)
(define length (vector-length V))
(for* ((i (in-range 0 (1- length))) (j (in-range (1+ i) length)))
(unless (proc (vector-ref V i) (vector-ref V j)) (vector-swap! V i j)))
V)
(define V #( albert antoinette elvis zen simon))
(define (sort/length a b) ;; sort by string length
(< (string-length a) (string-length b)))
(bubble-sort V sort/length)
→ #(zen simon elvis albert antoinette)
EDSAC order code
This demo of a bubble sort on the EDSAC shows how awkward it was to deal with arrays in the absence of an index register (one was added in 1953). To refer to an array element at a given index, the programmer had to manufacture an EDSAC order referring to the correct address, then plant that order in the code.
To clarify the EDSAC program, an equivalent Pascal program is added as a comment.
[Bubble sort demo for Rosetta Code website]
[EDSAC program. Initial Orders 2]
[Sorts a list of double-word integers.
List must be loaded at an even address.
First item gives number of items to follow.
Address of list is placed in location 49.
List can then be referred to with code letter L.]
T49K
P300F [<---------- address of list here]
[Subroutine R2, reads positive integers during input of orders.
Items separated by F; list ends with #TZ.]
GKT20FVDL8FA40DUDTFI40FA40FS39FG@S2FG23FA5@T5@E4@E13Z
[Tell R2 where to store integers it reads from tape.]
T #L ['T m D' in documentation, but this also works]
[Lists of integers, comment out all except one]
[10 integers from digits of pi]
10F314159F265358F979323F846264F338327F950288F419716F939937F510582F097494#TZ
[32 integers from digits of e ]
[32F
27182818F28459045F23536028F74713526F62497757F24709369F99595749F66967627F
72407663F03535475F94571382F17852516F64274274F66391932F00305992F18174135F
96629043F57290033F42952605F95630738F13232862F79434907F63233829F88075319F
52510190F11573834F18793070F21540891F49934884F16750924F47614606F68082264#TZ]
[Library subroutine P7, prints positive integer at 0D.
35 locations; load at aneven address.]
T 56 K
GKA3FT26@H28#@NDYFLDT4DS27@TFH8@S8@T1FV4DAFG31@SFLDUFOFFFSFL4F
T4DA1FA27@G11@XFT28#ZPFT27ZP1024FP610D@524D!FO30@SFL8FE22@
[The EDSAC code below implements the following Pascal program,
where the integers to be sorted are in a 1-based array x.
Since the assembler used (EdsacPC by Martin Campbell-Kelly)
doesn't allow square brackets inside comments, they are
replaced here by curly brackets.]
[
swapped := true;
j := n; // number of items
while (swapped and (j >= 2)) do begin
swapped := false;
for i := 1 to j - 1 do begin
// Using temp in the comparison makes the EDSAC code a bit simpler
temp := x{i};
if (x{i + 1} < temp) then begin
x{i} := x{i + 1};
x{i + 1} := temp;
swapped := true;
end;
end;
dec(j);
end;
]
[Main routine]
T 100 K
G K
[0] P F P F [double-word temporary store]
[2] P F [flag for swapped, >= 0 if true, < 0 if false]
[3] P F ['A' order for x{j}; implicitly defines j]
[4] P 2 F [to change list index by 1, i.e.change address by 2]
[5] A #L ['A' order for number of items]
[6] A 2#L ['A' order for x{1}]
[7] A 4#L ['A' order for x{2}]
[8] I2046 F [add to convert 'A' order to 'T' and dec address by 2]
[9] K4096 F [(1) minimum 17-bit value (2) teleprinter null]
[10] P D [constant 1, used in printing]
[11] # F [figure shift]
[12] & F [line feed]
[13] @ F [carriage return]
[Enter here with acc = 0]
[14] T 2 @ [swapped := true]
A L [get count, n in Pascal program above]
L 1 F [times 4 by shifting]
A 5 @ [make 'A' order for x{n}; initializes j := n]
[Start 'while' loop of Pascal program.
Here acc = 'A' order for x{j}]
[18] U 3 @ [update j]
S 7 @ [subtract 'A' order for x{2}]
G 56 @ [if j < 2 then done]
T F [acc := 0]
A 2 @ [test for swapped, acc >= 0 if so]
G 56 @ [if not swapped then done]
A 9 @ [change acc from >= 0 to < 0]
T 2 @ [swapped := false until swap occurs]
A 6 @ ['A' order for x{1}; initializes i := 1]
[Start 'for' loop of Pascal program.
Here acc = 'A' order for x{i}]
[27] U 36 @ [store order]
S 3 @ [subtract 'A' order for x{j}]
E 52 @ [out of 'for' loop if i >= j]
T F [clear acc]
A 36 @ [load 'A' order for x{i}]
A 4 @ [inc address by 2]
U 38 @ [plant 'A' order for x{i + 1}]
A 8 @ ['A' to 'T', and dec address by 2]
T 42 @ [plant 'T' order for x{i}]
[36] A #L [load x{i}; this order implicitly defines i]
T #@ [temp := x{i}]
[38] A #L [load x{i + 1}]
S #@ [acc := x{i + 1} - temp]
E 49 @ [don't swap if x{i + 1} >= temp]
[Here to swap x{i} and x{i + 1}]
A #@ [restore acc := x{i + 1} after test]
[42] T #L [x{i} := x{i + 1}]
A 42 @ [load 'T' order for x{i}]
A 4 @ [inc address by 2]
T 47 @ [plant 'T' order for x{i + 1}]
A #@ [load temp]
[47] T #L [to x{i + 1}]
T 2 @ [swapped := 0 (true)]
[49] T F [clear acc]
A 38 @ [load 'A' order for x{i + 1}]
G 27 @ [loop (unconditional) to inc i]
[52] T F
A 3 @ [load 'A' order for x{j}]
S 4 @ [dec address by 2]
G 18 @ [loop (unconditional) to dec j]
[Print the sorted list of integers]
[56] O 11 @ [figure shift]
T F [clear acc]
A 5 @ [load 'A' order for head of list]
T 65 @ [plant in code below]
S L [load negative number of items]
[61] T @ [use first word of temp store for count]
A 65 @ [load 'A' order for item]
A 4 @ [inc address by 2]
T 65 @ [store back]
[65] A #L [load next item in list]
T D [to 0D for printing]
[67] A 67 @ [for subroutine return]
G 56 F [print integer, clears acc]
O 13 @ [print CR]
O 12 @ [print LF]
A @ [negative count]
A 10 @ [add 1]
G 61 @ [loop back till count = 0]
[74] O 9 @ [null to flush teleprinter buffer]
Z F [stop]
E 14 Z [define entry point]
P F [acc = 0 on entry]- Output:
97494
265358
314159
338327
419716
510582
846264
939937
950288
979323
Eiffel
This solution is presented in two classes. The first is a simple application that creates a set, an instance of MY_SORTED_SET, and adds elements to the set in unsorted order. It iterates across the set printing the elements, then it sorts the set, and reprints the elements.
class
APPLICATION
create
make
feature
make
-- Create and print sorted set
do
create my_set.make
my_set.put_front (2)
my_set.put_front (6)
my_set.put_front (1)
my_set.put_front (5)
my_set.put_front (3)
my_set.put_front (9)
my_set.put_front (8)
my_set.put_front (4)
my_set.put_front (10)
my_set.put_front (7)
print ("Before: ")
across my_set as ic loop print (ic.item.out + " ") end
print ("%NAfter : ")
my_set.sort
across my_set as ic loop print (ic.item.out + " ") end
end
my_set: MY_SORTED_SET [INTEGER]
-- Set to be sorted
end
The second class is MY_SORTED_SET.
class
MY_SORTED_SET [G -> COMPARABLE]
inherit
TWO_WAY_SORTED_SET [G]
redefine
sort
end
create
make
feature
sort
-- Sort with bubble sort
local
l_unchanged: BOOLEAN
l_item_count: INTEGER
l_temp: G
do
from
l_item_count := count
until
l_unchanged
loop
l_unchanged := True
l_item_count := l_item_count - 1
across 1 |..| l_item_count as ic loop
if Current [ic.item] > Current [ic.item + 1] then
l_temp := Current [ic.item]
Current [ic.item] := Current [ic.item + 1]
Current [ic.item + 1] := l_temp
l_unchanged := False
end
end
end
end
end
This class inherits from the Eiffel library class TWO_WAY_SORTED_SET, which implements sets whose elements are comparable. Therefore, the set can be ordered and in fact is kept so under normal circumstances.
MY_SORTED_SET redefines only the routine sort which contains the implementation of the sort algorithm. The implementation in the redefined version of sort in MY_SORTED_SET uses a bubble sort.
- Output:
Before: 7 10 4 8 9 3 5 1 6 2 After : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TWO_WAY_SORTED_SET is implemented internally as a list.
For this example, we use the feature put_front which explicitly adds each new element to the beginning of the list, allowing us to show that the elements are unordered until we sort them.
It also causes, in the "Before" output, the elements to be printed in the reverse of the order in which they were added.
Under normal circumstances, we would use the feature extend (rather than put_front) to add elements to the list.
This would assure that the order was maintained even as elements were added.
Elena
ELENA 6.x :
import system'routines;
import extensions;
extension op
{
bubbleSort()
{
var list := self.clone();
bool madeChanges := true;
int itemCount := list.Length;
while (madeChanges)
{
madeChanges := false;
itemCount -= 1;
for(int i := 0; i < itemCount; i += 1)
{
if (list[i] > list[i + 1])
{
list.exchange(i,i+1);
madeChanges := true
}
}
};
^ list
}
}
public program()
{
var list := new int[]{3, 7, 3, 2, 1, -4, 10, 12, 4};
console.printLine(list.bubbleSort().asEnumerable())
}- Output:
-4,1,2,3,3,4,7,10,12
Elixir
defmodule Sort do
def bsort(list) when is_list(list) do
t = bsort_iter(list)
if t == list, do: t, else: bsort(t)
end
def bsort_iter([x, y | t]) when x > y, do: [y | bsort_iter([x | t])]
def bsort_iter([x, y | t]), do: [x | bsort_iter([y | t])]
def bsort_iter(list), do: list
end
EMal
fun bubbleSort ← void by List list
logic hasChanges ← true
int itemCount ← list.length
while hasChanges
hasChanges ← false
--itemCount
for int index ← 0; index < itemCount; ++index
if list[index] ≤ list[index + 1] do continue end
list.swap(index, index + 1)
hasChanges ← true
end
end
end
for each List sample in List[ int[3, 7, 3, 2, 1, -4, 10, 12, 4],
int[4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782, 1], int[7, 5, 2, 6, 1, 4, 2, 6, 3] ]
writeLine("Before: ", sample)
bubbleSort(sample)
writeLine("After: ", sample, "\n")
end- Output:
Before: [3,7,3,2,1,-4,10,12,4] After: [-4,1,2,3,3,4,7,10,12] Before: [4,65,2,-31,0,99,2,83,782,1] After: [-31,0,1,2,2,4,65,83,99,782] Before: [7,5,2,6,1,4,2,6,3] After: [1,2,2,3,4,5,6,6,7]
Erlang
sort/3 copied from Stackoverflow.
-module( bubble_sort ).
-export( [list/1, task/0] ).
list( To_be_sorted ) -> sort( To_be_sorted, [], true ).
task() ->
List = "asdqwe123",
Sorted = list( List ),
io:fwrite( "List ~p is sorted ~p~n", [List, Sorted] ).
sort( [], Acc, true ) -> lists:reverse( Acc );
sort( [], Acc, false ) -> sort( lists:reverse(Acc), [], true );
sort( [X, Y | T], Acc, _Done ) when X > Y -> sort( [X | T], [Y | Acc], false );
sort( [X | T], Acc, Done ) -> sort( T, [X | Acc], Done ).
- Output:
7> bubble_sort:task(). List "asdqwe123" is sorted "123adeqsw"
ERRE
PROGRAM BUBBLE_SORT
DIM FLIPS%,N,J
DIM A%[100]
BEGIN
! init random number generator
RANDOMIZE(TIMER)
! fills array A% with random data
FOR N=1 TO UBOUND(A%,1) DO
A%[N]=RND(1)*256
END FOR
! sort array
FLIPS%=TRUE
WHILE FLIPS% DO
FLIPS%=FALSE
FOR N=1 TO UBOUND(A%,1)-1 DO
IF A%[N]>A%[N+1] THEN
SWAP(A%[N],A%[N+1])
FLIPS%=TRUE
END IF
END FOR
END WHILE
! print sorted array
FOR N=1 TO UBOUND(A%,1) DO
PRINT(A%[N];)
END FOR
PRINT
END PROGRAMEuphoria
function bubble_sort(sequence s)
object tmp
integer changed
for j = length(s) to 1 by -1 do
changed = 0
for i = 1 to j-1 do
if compare(s[i], s[i+1]) > 0 then
tmp = s[i]
s[i] = s[i+1]
s[i+1] = tmp
changed = 1
end if
end for
if not changed then
exit
end if
end for
return s
end function
include misc.e
constant s = {4, 15, "delta", 2, -31, 0, "alfa", 19, "gamma", 2, 13, "beta", 782, 1}
puts(1,"Before: ")
pretty_print(1,s,{2})
puts(1,"\nAfter: ")
pretty_print(1,bubble_sort(s),{2})- Output:
Before: {
4,
15,
"delta",
2,
-31,
0,
"alfa",
19,
"gamma",
2,
13,
"beta",
782,
1
}
After: {
-31,
0,
1,
2,
2,
4,
13,
15,
19,
782,
"alfa",
"beta",
"delta",
"gamma"
}
Ezhil
## இந்த நிரல் ஒரு பட்டியலில் உள்ள எண்களை Bubble Sort என்ற முறைப்படி ஏறுவரிசையிலும் பின்னர் அதையே இறங்குவரிசையிலும் அடுக்கித் தரும்
## மாதிரிக்கு நாம் ஏழு எண்களை எடுத்துக்கொள்வோம்
எண்கள் = [5, 1, 10, 8, 1, 21, 4, 2]
எண்கள்பிரதி = எண்கள்
பதிப்பி "ஆரம்பப் பட்டியல்:"
பதிப்பி எண்கள்
நீளம் = len(எண்கள்)
குறைநீளம் = நீளம் - 1
@(குறைநீளம் != -1) வரை
மாற்றம் = -1
@(எண் = 0, எண் < குறைநீளம், எண் = எண் + 1) ஆக
முதலெண் = எடு(எண்கள், எண்)
இரண்டாமெண் = எடு(எண்கள், எண் + 1)
@(முதலெண் > இரண்டாமெண்) ஆனால்
## பெரிய எண்களை ஒவ்வொன்றாகப் பின்னே நகர்த்துகிறோம்
வெளியேஎடு(எண்கள், எண்)
நுழைக்க(எண்கள், எண், இரண்டாமெண்)
வெளியேஎடு(எண்கள், எண் + 1)
நுழைக்க(எண்கள், எண் + 1, முதலெண்)
மாற்றம் = எண்
முடி
முடி
குறைநீளம் = மாற்றம்
முடி
பதிப்பி "ஏறு வரிசையில் அமைக்கப்பட்ட பட்டியல்:"
பதிப்பி எண்கள்
## இதனை இறங்குவரிசைக்கு மாற்றுவதற்கு எளிய வழி
தலைகீழ்(எண்கள்)
## இப்போது, நாம் ஏற்கெனவே எடுத்துவைத்த எண்களின் பிரதியை Bubble Sort முறைப்படி இறங்குவரிசைக்கு மாற்றுவோம்
நீளம் = len(எண்கள்பிரதி)
குறைநீளம் = நீளம் - 1
@(குறைநீளம் != -1) வரை
மாற்றம் = -1
@(எண் = 0, எண் < குறைநீளம், எண் = எண் + 1) ஆக
முதலெண் = எடு(எண்கள்பிரதி, எண்)
இரண்டாமெண் = எடு(எண்கள்பிரதி, எண் + 1)
@(முதலெண் < இரண்டாமெண்) ஆனால்
## சிறிய எண்களை ஒவ்வொன்றாகப் பின்னே நகர்த்துகிறோம்
வெளியேஎடு(எண்கள்பிரதி, எண்)
நுழைக்க(எண்கள்பிரதி, எண், இரண்டாமெண்)
வெளியேஎடு(எண்கள்பிரதி, எண் + 1)
நுழைக்க(எண்கள்பிரதி, எண் + 1, முதலெண்)
மாற்றம் = எண்
முடி
முடி
குறைநீளம் = மாற்றம்
முடி
பதிப்பி "இறங்கு வரிசையில் அமைக்கப்பட்ட பட்டியல்:"
பதிப்பி எண்கள்பிரதி
F#
let BubbleSort (lst : list<int>) =
let rec sort accum rev lst =
match lst, rev with
| [], true -> accum |> List.rev
| [], false -> accum |> List.rev |> sort [] true
| x::y::tail, _ when x > y -> sort (y::accum) false (x::tail)
| head::tail, _ -> sort (head::accum) rev tail
sort [] true lst
Factor
USING: fry kernel locals math math.order sequences
sequences.private ;
IN: rosetta.bubble
<PRIVATE
:: ?exchange ( i seq quot -- ? )
i i 1 + [ seq nth-unsafe ] bi@ quot call +gt+ = :> doit?
doit? [ i i 1 + seq exchange ] when
doit? ; inline
: 1pass ( seq quot -- ? )
[ [ length 1 - iota ] keep ] dip
'[ _ _ ?exchange ] [ or ] map-reduce ; inline
PRIVATE>
: sort! ( seq quot -- )
over empty?
[ 2drop ] [ '[ _ _ 1pass ] loop ] if ; inline
: natural-sort! ( seq -- )
[ <=> ] sort! ;
It is possible to pass your own comparison operator to sort!, so you can f.e. sort your sequence backwards with passing [ >=< ] into it.
10 [ 10000 random ] replicate
[ "Before: " write . ]
[ "Natural: " write [ natural-sort! ] keep . ]
[ "Reverse: " write [ [ >=< ] sort! ] keep . ] tri
Before: { 3707 5045 4661 1489 3140 7195 8844 6506 6322 3199 }
Natural: { 1489 3140 3199 3707 4661 5045 6322 6506 7195 8844 }
Reverse: { 8844 7195 6506 6322 5045 4661 3707 3199 3140 1489 }
Fish
This is not a complete implementation of bubblesort: it doesn't keep a boolean flag whether to stop, so it goes on printing each stage of the sorting process ad infinitum.
v Sorts the (pre-loaded) stack
with bubblesort.
v <
\l0=?;l&
>&:1=?v1-&2[$:{:{](?${
>~{ao ^
>~}l &{ v
o","{n:&-1^?=0:&<
Forth
Sorts the 'cnt' cells stored at 'addr' using the test stored in the deferred word 'bubble-test'. Uses forth local variables for clarity.
defer bubble-test
' > is bubble-test
: bubble { addr cnt -- }
cnt 1 do
addr cnt i - cells bounds do
i 2@ bubble-test if i 2@ swap i 2! then
cell +loop
loop ;
This is the same algorithm done without the local variables:
: bubble ( addr cnt -- )
dup 1 do
2dup i - cells bounds do
i 2@ bubble-test if i 2@ swap i 2! then
cell +loop
loop ;
Version with O(n) best case:
: bubble ( addr len -- )
begin
1- 2dup true -rot ( sorted addr len-1 )
cells bounds ?do
i 2@ bubble-test if
i 2@ swap i 2!
drop false ( mark unsorted )
then
cell +loop ( sorted )
until 2drop ;
Test any version with this:
create test 8 , 1 , 4 , 2 , 10 , 3 , 7 , 9 , 6 , 5 , here test - cell / constant tcnt test tcnt cells dump ' > is bubble-test test tcnt bubble test tcnt cells dump ' < is bubble-test test tcnt bubble test tcnt cells dump
Fortran
SUBROUTINE Bubble_Sort(a)
REAL, INTENT(in out), DIMENSION(:) :: a
REAL :: temp
INTEGER :: i, j
LOGICAL :: swapped
DO j = SIZE(a)-1, 1, -1
swapped = .FALSE.
DO i = 1, j
IF (a(i) > a(i+1)) THEN
temp = a(i)
a(i) = a(i+1)
a(i+1) = temp
swapped = .TRUE.
END IF
END DO
IF (.NOT. swapped) EXIT
END DO
END SUBROUTINE Bubble_Sort
g-fu
(fun bubbles (vs)
(let done? F n (len vs))
(while (not done?)
(set done? T n (- n 1))
(for (n i)
(let x (# vs i) j (+ i 1) y (# vs j))
(if (> x y) (set done? F (# vs i) y (# vs j) x))))
vs)
(bubbles '(2 1 3))
---
(1 2 3)GDScript
Here is an implementation of Bubble Sort algorithm in GDScript for array of primitive types:
extends Node2D
func BubbleSort(_array : Array) -> void:
for i in range(_array.size() - 1):
var swapped : bool = false
for j in range(_array.size() - i - 1):
if _array[j] > _array[j + 1]:
var tmp = _array[j]
_array[j] = _array[j + 1]
_array[j + 1] = tmp
swapped = true
if not swapped:
break
return
func _ready() -> void:
var array : Array = range(-10, 10)
array.shuffle()
print("Initial array:")
print(array)
BubbleSort(array)
print("Sorted array:")
print(array)
return
Possible output:
- Output:
Initial array: [-7, -6, 2, -8, 4, -1, -3, -5, 5, -10, -4, 7, 3, 8, 0, -9, 6, 9, -2, 1] Sorted array: [-10, -9, -8, -7, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
If you need to sort objects, this can be done in way like this:
class Comparable:
var Value
func _init(_val):
self.Value = _val
func compare(_other : Comparable) -> int:
# Here is the simple implementation of compare
# for primitive type wrapper.
return self.Value - _other.Value
func BubbleSortObjects(_array : Array) -> void:
for i in range(_array.size() - 1):
var swapped : bool = false
for j in range(_array.size() - i - 1):
if _array[j].compare(_array[j + 1]) > 0:
var tmp = _array[j]
_array[j] = _array[j + 1]
_array[j + 1] = tmp
swapped = true
if not swapped:
break
return
This approach is slow though. To sort array of primitive types use Array.sort() method instead. To sort array of objects you can use Array.sort_custom(func : Callable) method.
Go
Per task pseudocode:
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
list := []int{31, 41, 59, 26, 53, 58, 97, 93, 23, 84}
fmt.Println("unsorted:", list)
bubblesort(list)
fmt.Println("sorted! ", list)
}
func bubblesort(a []int) {
for itemCount := len(a) - 1; ; itemCount-- {
hasChanged := false
for index := 0; index < itemCount; index++ {
if a[index] > a[index+1] {
a[index], a[index+1] = a[index+1], a[index]
hasChanged = true
}
}
if hasChanged == false {
break
}
}
}
More generic version that can sort anything that implements sort.Interface:
package main
import (
"sort"
"fmt"
)
func main() {
list := []int{31, 41, 59, 26, 53, 58, 97, 93, 23, 84}
fmt.Println("unsorted:", list)
bubblesort(sort.IntSlice(list))
fmt.Println("sorted! ", list)
}
func bubblesort(a sort.Interface) {
for itemCount := a.Len() - 1; ; itemCount-- {
hasChanged := false
for index := 0; index < itemCount; index++ {
if a.Less(index+1, index) {
a.Swap(index, index+1)
hasChanged = true
}
}
if !hasChanged {
break
}
}
}
Groovy
Solution:
def makeSwap = { a, i, j = i+1 -> print "."; a[[i,j]] = a[[j,i]] }
def checkSwap = { a, i, j = i+1 -> [(a[i] > a[j])].find { it }.each { makeSwap(a, i, j) } }
def bubbleSort = { list ->
boolean swapped = true
while (swapped) { swapped = (1..<list.size()).any { checkSwap(list, it-1) } }
list
}
Test Program:
println bubbleSort([23,76,99,58,97,57,35,89,51,38,95,92,24,46,31,24,14,12,57,78,4])
println bubbleSort([88,18,31,44,4,0,8,81,14,78,20,76,84,33,73,75,82,5,62,70,12,7,1])
- Output:
..............................................................................................................................................[4, 12, 14, 23, 24, 24, 31, 35, 38, 46, 51, 57, 57, 58, 76, 78, 89, 92, 95, 97, 99] .........................................................................................................................................[0, 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12, 14, 18, 20, 31, 33, 44, 62, 70, 73, 75, 76, 78, 81, 82, 84, 88]
Haskell
This version checks for changes in a separate step for simplicity, because Haskell has no variables to track them with.
bsort :: Ord a => [a] -> [a]
bsort s = case _bsort s of
t | t == s -> t
| otherwise -> bsort t
where _bsort (x:x2:xs) | x > x2 = x2:(_bsort (x:xs))
| otherwise = x:(_bsort (x2:xs))
_bsort s = s
This version uses the polymorphic Maybe type to designate unchanged lists. (The type signature of _bsort is now Ord a => [a] -> Maybe [a].) It is slightly faster than the previous one.
import Data.Maybe (fromMaybe)
import Control.Monad
bsort :: Ord a => [a] -> [a]
bsort s = maybe s bsort $ _bsort s
where _bsort (x:x2:xs) = if x > x2
then Just $ x2 : fromMaybe (x:xs) (_bsort $ x:xs)
else liftM (x:) $ _bsort (x2:xs)
_bsort _ = Nothing
This version is based on the above, but avoids sorting the whole list each time. To implement this without a counter and retain using pattern matching, inner sorting is reversed, and then the result is reversed back. Sorting is based on a predicate, e.g., (<) or (>).
import Data.Maybe (fromMaybe)
import Control.Monad
bubbleSortBy :: (a -> a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
bubbleSortBy f as = case innerSort $ reverse as of
Nothing -> as
Just v -> let (x:xs) = reverse v
in x : bubbleSortBy f xs
where innerSort (a:b:cs) = if b `f` a
then liftM (a:) $ innerSort (b:cs)
else Just $ b : fromMaybe (a:cs)
(innerSort $ a:cs)
innerSort _ = Nothing
bsort :: Ord a => [a] -> [a]
bsort = bubbleSortBy (<)
Haxe
class BubbleSort {
@:generic
public static function sort<T>(arr:Array<T>) {
var madeChanges = false;
var itemCount = arr.length;
do {
madeChanges = false;
itemCount--;
for (i in 0...itemCount) {
if (Reflect.compare(arr[i], arr[i + 1]) > 0) {
var temp = arr[i + 1];
arr[i + 1] = arr[i];
arr[i] = temp;
madeChanges = true;
}
}
} while (madeChanges);
}
}
class Main {
static function main() {
var integerArray = [1, 10, 2, 5, -1, 5, -19, 4, 23, 0];
var floatArray = [1.0, -3.2, 5.2, 10.8, -5.7, 7.3,
3.5, 0.0, -4.1, -9.5];
var stringArray = ['We', 'hold', 'these', 'truths', 'to',
'be', 'self-evident', 'that', 'all',
'men', 'are', 'created', 'equal'];
Sys.println('Unsorted Integers: ' + integerArray);
BubbleSort.sort(integerArray);
Sys.println('Sorted Integers: ' + integerArray);
Sys.println('Unsorted Floats: ' + floatArray);
BubbleSort.sort(floatArray);
Sys.println('Sorted Floats: ' + floatArray);
Sys.println('Unsorted Strings: ' + stringArray);
BubbleSort.sort(stringArray);
Sys.println('Sorted Strings: ' + stringArray);
}
}
- Output:
Unsorted Integers: [1,10,2,5,-1,5,-19,4,23,0] Sorted Integers: [-19,-1,0,1,2,4,5,5,10,23] Unsorted Floats: [1,-3.2,5.2,10.8,-5.7,7.3,3.5,0,-4.1,-9.5] Sorted Floats: [-9.5,-5.7,-4.1,-3.2,0,1,3.5,5.2,7.3,10.8] Unsorted Strings: [We,hold,these,truths,to,be,self-evident,that,all,men,are,created,equal] Sorted Strings: [We,all,are,be,created,equal,hold,men,self-evident,that,these,to,truths]
HicEst
SUBROUTINE Bubble_Sort(a)
REAL :: a(1)
DO j = LEN(a)-1, 1, -1
swapped = 0
DO i = 1, j
IF (a(i) > a(i+1)) THEN
temp = a(i)
a(i) = a(i+1)
a(i+1) = temp
swapped = 1
ENDIF
ENDDO
IF (swapped == 0) RETURN
ENDDO
END
Icon and Unicon
Icon/Unicon implementation of a bubble sort
- Output:
Sorting Demo using procedure bubblesort
on list : [ 3 14 1 5 9 2 6 3 ]
with op = &null: [ 1 2 3 3 5 6 9 14 ] (0 ms)
with op = "numeric": [ 1 2 3 3 5 6 9 14 ] (0 ms)
with op = "string": [ 1 14 2 3 3 5 6 9 ] (0 ms)
with op = ">>": [ 9 6 5 3 3 2 14 1 ] (0 ms)
with op = ">": [ 14 9 6 5 3 3 2 1 ] (0 ms)
with op = procedure cmp: [ 1 2 3 3 5 6 9 14 ] (1 ms)
with op = "cmp": [ 1 2 3 3 5 6 9 14 ] (0 ms)
on string : "qwerty"
with op = &null: "eqrtwy" (0 ms)
The following code supports this and other sorting demonstrations.
- Sorting illustrates a difference in the way Icon and Unicon handles data types. Built-in operators for comparing data types make a syntactic distinction between numeric and string types, and sorting structured and user-defined types require custom code. An added complication arises because mixed types are allowed. Two approaches are possible here: (1) that taken by the built-in sort which sorts first by type and then value The sort order of types is: &null, integer, real, string, cset, procedure, list, set, table, and record; and (2) Coercion of types which is used here (and implemented in 'sortop') to decide on using string or numeric sorting. These sorts will not handle more exotic type mixes.
- The 'sortop' procedure allows various methods of comparison be selected including customized ones. The example could be made more general to deal with coercion of types like cset to string (admittedly an uninteresting example as csets are already sorted). Custom comparators are shown by and example procedure 'cmp'.
- 'demosort' can apply different sorting procedures and operators to lists and strings to show how this works. The routines 'displaysort' and 'writex' are helpers.
Io
List do(
bubblesort := method(
t := true
while( t,
t := false
for( j, 0, self size - 2,
if( self at( j ) start > self at( j+1 ) start,
self swapIndices( j,j+1 )
t := true
)
)
)
return( self )
)
)
J
bubbleSort=: (([ (<. , >.) {.@]) , }.@])/^:_
Test program:
?. 10 $ 10
4 6 8 6 5 8 6 6 6 9
bubbleSort ?. 10 $ 10
4 5 6 6 6 6 6 8 8 9
For the most part, bubble sort works against J's strengths. However, once a single pass has been implemented as a list operation, ^:_ tells J to repeat this until the result stops changing.
Jakt
fn bubble_sort<T>(anon mut array: [T]) {
mut item_count = array.size()
mut has_changed = true
while item_count > 1 and has_changed {
has_changed = true
item_count--
for i in 0..item_count {
if array[i] > array[i + 1] {
let temp = array[i]
array[i] = array[i + 1]
array[i + 1] = temp
has_changed = true
}
}
}
}
fn main() {
mut array = [7, 8, 9, 6, 5, 3, 1, 10, 4, 2]
println("{}", array)
bubble_sort(array)
println("{}", array)
}Janet
(defn bubble-sort!
[arr]
(def arr-len (length arr))
(when (< arr-len 2)
(break arr))
# at this point there are two or more elements
(loop [i :down-to [(dec arr-len) 0]]
(for j 0 i
(def left-elt (get arr j))
(def right-elt (get arr (inc j)))
(when (> left-elt right-elt)
(put arr j right-elt)
(put arr (inc j) left-elt))))
arr)
(comment
(let [n 100
arr (seq [i :range [0 n]]
(* n (math/random)))]
(deep= (bubble-sort! (array ;arr))
(sort (array ;arr))))
# => true
)Java
Bubble sorting (ascending) an array of any Comparable type:
public static <E extends Comparable<? super E>> void bubbleSort(E[] comparable) {
boolean changed = false;
do {
changed = false;
for (int a = 0; a < comparable.length - 1; a++) {
if (comparable[a].compareTo(comparable[a + 1]) > 0) {
E tmp = comparable[a];
comparable[a] = comparable[a + 1];
comparable[a + 1] = tmp;
changed = true;
}
}
} while (changed);
}
For descending, simply switch the direction of comparison:
if (comparable[a].compareTo(comparable[b]) < 0){
//same swap code as before
}
JavaScript
Array.prototype.bubblesort = function() {
var done = false;
while (!done) {
done = true;
for (var i = 1; i<this.length; i++) {
if (this[i-1] > this[i]) {
done = false;
[this[i-1], this[i]] = [this[i], this[i-1]]
}
}
}
return this;
}
Array.prototype.bubblesort = function() {
var done = false;
while (! done) {
done = true;
for (var i = 1; i < this.length; i++) {
if (this[i - 1] > this[i]) {
done = false;
var tmp = this[i - 1];
this[i - 1] = this[i];
this[i] = tmp;
}
}
}
return this;
}
Example:
var my_arr = ["G", "F", "C", "A", "B", "E", "D"];
my_arr.bubblesort();
print(my_arr);
- Output:
A,B,C,D,E,F,G
webpage version (for the rest of us):
<script>
Array.prototype.bubblesort = function() {
var done = false;
while (!done) {
done = true;
for (var i = 1; i<this.length; i++) {
if (this[i-1] > this[i]) {
done = false;
[this[i-1], this[i]] = [this[i], this[i-1]]
}
}
}
return this;
}
var my_arr = ["G", "F", "C", "A", "B", "E", "D"];
my_arr.bubblesort();
output='';
for (var i = 0; i < my_arr.length; i++) {
output+=my_arr[i];
if (i < my_arr.length-1) output+=',';
}
document.write(output);
</script>
jq
def bubble_sort:
def swap(i;j): .[i] as $x | .[i]=.[j] | .[j]=$x;
# input/output: [changed, list]
reduce range(0; length) as $i
( [false, .];
if $i > 0 and (.[0]|not) then .
else reduce range(0; (.[1]|length) - $i - 1) as $j
(.[0] = false;
.[1] as $list
| if $list[$j] > $list[$j + 1] then [true, ($list|swap($j; $j+1))]
else .
end )
end ) | .[1] ;Example:
(
[3,2,1],
[1,2,3],
["G", "F", "C", "A", "B", "E", "D"]
) | bubble_sort- Output:
$ jq -c -n -f Bubble_sort.jq
[1,2,3]
[1,2,3]
["A","B","C","D","E","F","G"]
Julia
function bubblesort!(arr::AbstractVector)
for _ in 2:length(arr), j in 1:length(arr)-1
if arr[j] > arr[j+1]
arr[j], arr[j+1] = arr[j+1], arr[j]
end
end
return arr
end
v = rand(-10:10, 10)
println("# unordered: $v\n -> ordered: ", bubblesort!(v))
- Output:
# unordered: [7, 4, -1, -8, 8, -1, 5, 6, -3, -5] -> ordered: [-8, -5, -3, -1, -1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
Kotlin
import java.util.Comparator
fun <T> bubbleSort(a: Array<T>, c: Comparator<T>) {
var changed: Boolean
do {
changed = false
for (i in 0..a.size - 2) {
if (c.compare(a[i], a[i + 1]) > 0) {
val tmp = a[i]
a[i] = a[i + 1]
a[i + 1] = tmp
changed = true
}
}
} while (changed)
}
Lambdatalk
{def bubblesort
{def bubblesort.swap!
{lambda {:a :n :i}
{if {> :i :n}
then :a
else {bubblesort.swap! {if {> {A.get :i :a} {A.get {+ :i 1} :a}}
then {A.set! :i {A.get {+ :i 1} :a}
{A.set! {+ :i 1} {A.get :i :a} :a}}
else :a}
:n
{+ :i 1}} }}}
{def bubblesort.r
{lambda {:a :n}
{if {<= :n 1}
then :a
else {bubblesort.r {bubblesort.swap! :a :n 0}
{- :n 1}} }}}
{lambda {:a}
{bubblesort.r :a {- {A.length :a} 1}}}}
-> bubblesort
{bubblesort {A.new 0 3 86 20 27 67 31 16 37 42 8 47 7 84 5 29}}
-> [0,3,5,7,8,16,20,27,29,31,37,42,47,67,84,86]
Lisaac
Section Header
+ name := BUBBLE_SORT;
- external := `#include <time.h>`;
Section Public
- main <- (
+ a : ARRAY(INTEGER);
a := ARRAY(INTEGER).create 0 to 100;
`srand(time(NULL))`;
0.to 100 do { i : INTEGER;
a.put `rand()`:INTEGER to i;
};
bubble a;
a.foreach { item : INTEGER;
item.print;
'\n'.print;
};
);
- bubble a : ARRAY(INTEGER) <- (
+ lower, size, t : INTEGER;
+ sorted : BOOLEAN;
lower := a.lower;
size := a.upper - lower + 1;
{
sorted := TRUE;
size := size - 1;
0.to (size - 1) do { i : INTEGER;
(a.item(lower + i + 1) < a.item(lower + i)).if {
t := a.item(lower + i + 1);
a.put (a.item(lower + i)) to (lower + i + 1);
a.put t to (lower + i);
sorted := FALSE;
};
};
}.do_while {!sorted};
);Lua
function bubbleSort(A)
local itemCount=#A
local hasChanged
repeat
hasChanged = false
itemCount=itemCount - 1
for i = 1, itemCount do
if A[i] > A[i + 1] then
A[i], A[i + 1] = A[i + 1], A[i]
hasChanged = true
end
end
until hasChanged == false
end
Example:
list = { 5, 6, 1, 2, 9, 14, 2, 15, 6, 7, 8, 97 }
bubbleSort(list)
for i, j in pairs(list) do
print(j)
end
Lucid
bsort(a) = if iseod(first a) then a else
follow(bsort(allbutlast(b)),last(b)) fi
where
b = bubble(a);
bubble(a) = smaller(max, next a)
where
max = first a fby larger(max, next a);
larger(x,y) = if iseod(y) then y elseif x
end;
follow(x,y) = if xdone then y upon xdone else x fi
where
xdone = iseod x fby xdone or iseod x;
end;
last(x) = (x asa iseod next x) fby eod;
allbutlast(x) = if not iseod(next x) then x else eod fi;
endM2000 Interpreter
A=(1,2,3,4) is a pointer to an auto array. We can read one item Array(A,0)=1, or we can add 1 to all items A++, or add 5 to all items A+=5. We can link to standard interface, Link A to A() so now A(1)++ increment 2nd item by one. Print A print all items, one per column
A=Stack:=1,2,3,4 is a pointer to a stack object. We can read any item using StackItem(), from 1 (we can omit number 1 for first item, the top). Stack items can be move very fast, it is a linked list. To apply stack statements we have to make A as current stack (preserving current stack) using Stack A { }, so we can drop 2 items (1 and 2) using Stack A {Drop 2}. Print A print all items, one per column
Module Bubble {
function bubblesort {
dim a()
\\ [] is a stack object, interpreter pass current stack pointer, and set a new stack for current stack
\\ array( stackobject ) get a stack object and return an array
a()=array([])
itemcount=len(a())
repeat {
haschange=false
if itemcount>1 then {
for index=0 to itemcount-2 {
if a(index)>a(index+1) then swap a(index), a(index+1) : haschange=true
}
}
itemcount--
} until not haschange
=a()
}
\\ function can take parameters
Print bubblesort(5,3,2,7,6,1)
A=(2, 10, 17, 13, 20, 14, 3, 17, 16, 16)
\\ !A copy values from array A to function stack
B=bubblesort(!A)
Print Len(A)=10
Print B
\\ Print array in descending order
k=each(b, -1, 1)
While k {
Print Array(k),
}
\\ sort two arrays in one
Print BubbleSort(!A, !B)
\\ We can use a stack object, and values pop from object
Z=Stack:=2, 10, 17, 13, 20, 14, 3, 17, 16, 16
Print Len(Z)=10
Def GetStack(x)=Stack(x)
Z1=GetStack(BubbleSort(!Z))
Print Type$(Z1)="mStiva"
Print Z1
Print Len(Z1)
Print Len(Z)=0 ' now Z is empty
}
BubbleM4
divert(-1)
define(`randSeed',141592653)
define(`setRand',
`define(`randSeed',ifelse(eval($1<10000),1,`eval(20000-$1)',`$1'))')
define(`rand_t',`eval(randSeed^(randSeed>>13))')
define(`random',
`define(`randSeed',eval((rand_t^(rand_t<<18))&0x7fffffff))randSeed')
define(`set',`define(`$1[$2]',`$3')')
define(`get',`defn(`$1[$2]')')
define(`new',`set($1,size,0)')
dnl for the heap calculations, it's easier if origin is 0, so set value first
define(`append',
`set($1,size,incr(get($1,size)))`'set($1,get($1,size),$2)')
dnl swap(<name>,<j>,<name>[<j>],<k>) using arg stack for the temporary
define(`swap',`set($1,$2,get($1,$4))`'set($1,$4,$3)')
define(`deck',
`new($1)for(`x',1,$2,
`append(`$1',eval(random%100))')')
define(`show',
`for(`x',1,get($1,size),`get($1,x) ')')
define(`for',
`ifelse($#,0,``$0'',
`ifelse(eval($2<=$3),1,
`pushdef(`$1',$2)$4`'popdef(`$1')$0(`$1',incr($2),$3,`$4')')')')
define(`bubbleonce',
`for(`x',1,$2,
`ifelse(eval(get($1,x)>get($1,incr(x))),1,
`swap($1,x,get($1,x),incr(x))`'1')')0')
define(`bubbleupto',
`ifelse(bubbleonce($1,$2),0,
`',
`bubbleupto($1,decr($2))')')
define(`bubblesort',
`bubbleupto($1,decr(get($1,size)))')
divert
deck(`a',10)
show(`a')
bubblesort(`a')
show(`a')- Output:
17 63 80 55 90 88 25 9 71 38 9 17 25 38 55 63 71 80 88 90
Maple
arr := Array([17,3,72,0,36,2,3,8,40,0]):
len := numelems(arr):
while(true) do
change := false:
len--;
for i from 1 to len do
if (arr[i] > arr[i+1]) then
temp := arr[i]:
arr[i] := arr[i+1]:
arr[i+1] := temp:
change := true:
end if:
end do:
if (not change) then break end if:
end do:
arr;
- Output:
[0,0,2,3,3,8,17,36,40,72]
Mathematica /Wolfram Language
Using pattern matching
bubbleSort[{w___, x_, y_, z___}] /; x > y := bubbleSort[{w, y, x, z}]
bubbleSort[sortedList_] := sortedList
bubbleSort[{10, 3, 7, 1, 4, 3, 8, 13, 9}]
- Output:
{1, 3, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13}
Classic version
ClearAll[BubbleSort]
BubbleSort[in_List] := Module[{x = in, l = Length[in], swapped},
swapped = True;
While[swapped,
swapped = False;
Do[
If[x[[i]] > x[[i + 1]],
x[[{i, i + 1}]] //= Reverse;
swapped = True;
]
,
{i, l - 1}
];
];
x
]
BubbleSort[{1, 12, 3, 7, 2, 8, 4, 7, 6}]
- Output:
{1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 7, 8, 12}
MATLAB
function list = bubbleSort(list)
hasChanged = true;
itemCount = numel(list);
while(hasChanged)
hasChanged = false;
itemCount = itemCount - 1;
for index = (1:itemCount)
if(list(index) > list(index+1))
list([index index+1]) = list([index+1 index]); %swap
hasChanged = true;
end %if
end %for
end %while
end %bubbleSort
- Output:
bubbleSort([5 3 8 4 9 7 6 2 1])
ans =
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Maxima
bubble_sort(u) := block(
[n: length(u), swapped: true, temp],
while swapped do (
swapped: false,
for i: 1 thru n - 1 do (
if u[i] > u[i + 1] then (
temp: u[i],
u[i]: u[i + 1],
u[i + 1]: temp,
swapped: true
)
)
),
u
);
/* Example */
/* sample:[3,65,6,24,24,89,2,59,6]$
bubble_sort(%);
[2,3,6,6,24,24,59,65,89]
*/
MAXScript
fn bubbleSort arr =
(
while true do
(
changed = false
for i in 1 to (arr.count - 1) do
(
if arr[i] > arr[i+1] then
(
swap arr[i] arr[i+1]
changed = true
)
)
if not changed then exit
)
arr
)-- Usage
myArr = #(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1)
myArr = bubbleSort myArrMMIX
Ja IS $127
LOC Data_Segment
DataSeg GREG @
Array IS @-Data_Segment
OCTA 999,200,125,1,1020,40,4,5,60,100
ArrayLen IS (@-Array-Data_Segment)/8
NL IS @-Data_Segment
BYTE #a,0
LOC @+(8-@)&7
Buffer IS @-Data_Segment
LOC #1000
GREG @
sorted IS $5
i IS $6
size IS $1
a IS $0
t IS $20
t1 IS $21
t2 IS $22
% Input: $0 ptr to array, $1 its length (in octabyte)
% Trashed: $5, $6, $1, $20, $21, $22
BubbleSort SETL sorted,1 % sorted = true
SUB size,size,1 % size--
SETL i,0 % i = 0
3H CMP t,i,size % i < size ?
BNN t,1F % if false, end for loop
8ADDU $12,i,a % compute addresses of the
ADDU t,i,1 % octas a[i] and a[i+1]
8ADDU $11,t,a
LDO t1,$12,0 % get their values
LDO t2,$11,0
CMP t,t1,t2 % compare
BN t,2F % if t1<t2, next
STO t1,$11,0 % else swap them
STO t2,$12,0
SETL sorted,0 % sorted = false
2H INCL i,1 % i++
JMP 3B % next (for loop)
1H PBZ sorted,BubbleSort % while sorted is false, loop
GO Ja,Ja,0
% Help function (Print an octabyte)
% Input: $0 (the octabyte)
BufSize IS 64
GREG @
PrintInt8 ADDU t,DataSeg,Buffer % get buffer address
ADDU t,t,BufSize % end of buffer
SETL t1,0 % final 0 for Fputs
STB t1,t,0
1H SUB t,t,1 % t--
DIV $0,$0,10 % ($0,rR) = divmod($0,10)
GET t1,rR % get reminder
INCL t1,'0' % turn it into ascii digit
STB t1,t,0 % store it
PBNZ $0,1B % if $0 /= 0, loop
OR $255,t,0 % $255 = t
TRAP 0,Fputs,StdOut
GO Ja,Ja,0 % print and return
Main ADDU $0,DataSeg,Array % $0 = Array address
SETL $1,ArrayLen % $1 = Array Len
GO Ja,BubbleSort % BubbleSort it
SETL $4,ArrayLen % $4 = ArrayLen
ADDU $3,DataSeg,Array % $3 = Array address
2H BZ $4,1F % if $4 == 0, break
LDO $0,$3,0 % $0 = * ($3 + 0)
GO Ja,PrintInt8 % print the octa
ADDU $255,DataSeg,NL % add a trailing newline
TRAP 0,Fputs,StdOut
ADDU $3,$3,8 % next octa
SUB $4,$4,1 % $4--
JMP 2B % loop
1H XOR $255,$255,$255
TRAP 0,Halt,0 % exit(0)
Modula-2
PROCEDURE BubbleSort(VAR a: ARRAY OF INTEGER);
VAR
changed: BOOLEAN;
temp, count, i: INTEGER;
BEGIN
count := HIGH(a);
REPEAT
changed := FALSE;
DEC(count);
FOR i := 0 TO count DO
IF a[i] > a[i+1] THEN
temp := a[i];
a[i] := a[i+1];
a[i+1] := temp;
changed := TRUE
END
END
UNTIL NOT changed
END BubbleSort;
Modula-3
MODULE Bubble;
PROCEDURE Sort(VAR a: ARRAY OF INTEGER) =
VAR sorted: BOOLEAN;
temp, len: INTEGER := LAST(a);
BEGIN
WHILE NOT sorted DO
sorted := TRUE;
DEC(len);
FOR i := FIRST(a) TO len DO
IF a[i+1] < a[i] THEN
temp := a[i];
a[i] := a[i + 1];
a[i + 1] := temp;
sorted := FALSE;
END;
END;
END;
END Sort;
END Bubble.
N/t/roff
This program may output to paper (Postscript/PDF or actual printout) or a line-printer/terminal depending on the device specification.
This implementation is not reverse-compatible classical TROFF from Bell Labs, as TROFF then was extremely limited in what it could do. It will work with GNU Troff, though. The classical version of TROFF could only do recursive macro calls, which is integral to the functioning of .AREADLN, but not .while looping constructs, which is integral to the functioning of .ASORT; it could also only support numerical registers with name consisting of two characters maximum, so a register named A9 would be okay (2 characters), but not A123 (4 characters).
Block comments start with .ig and end with ... Single-line comments begin with \"
.ig
Bubble sort algorithm in Troff
==============================
:For: Rosetta Code
:Author: Stephanie Björk (Katt)
:Date: December 1, 2017
..
.ig
Array implementation: \(*A
---------------------------
This is an array implementation that takes advantage of Troff's numerical
registers. Registers ``Ax``, where ``x`` is a base-10 Hindu-Arabic numeral and
0 < ``x`` < \(if, are used by array \(*A. The array counter which holds the
number of items in the array is stored in register ``Ac``. This array
implementation is one-indexed (array elements count from 1), though it could be
hardcoded again to become zero-indexed depending on what the programmer favours.
..
.nr Ac 0 1 \" Array counter
.
.de APUSH
.nr A\\n+(Ac \\$1
.. \" de APUSH
.
.de AREADLN
.APUSH \\$1
.if \\n(.$>1 \{ \
. shift
. AREADLN \\$*
\} \" if \\n(.$>1
.. \" de AREADLN
.
.de ASWAP
.nr tmp \\n[A\\$1]
.nr A\\$1 \\n[A\\$2]
.nr A\\$2 \\n[tmp]
.rm tmp
.. \" de ASWAP
.
.de ASORT
.nr swapped 1
.nr Ad \\n(Ac+1
.while \\n[swapped] \{ \
. nr swapped 0
. nr Ai 1
. nr Ad -1
. while \\n(Ai<\\n(Ad \{ \
. nr Aj \\n(Ai+1
. if \\n[A\\n(Ai]>\\n[A\\n(Aj] \{ \
. ASWAP \\n(Ai \\n(Aj
. nr swapped 1
\} \" if \\n[A\\n(Ai]>\\n[A\\n(Aj]
. nr Ai +1
\} \" while \\n(Ai<\\n(Ac
\} \" while \\n[swapped]
.. \" de ASORT
.
.ig
Begin Program
-------------
The program's procedural body. Here, we push all our potentially-unsorted
integer tokens sequentially, call a subroutine to sort them, and print all the
sorted items.
..
.AREADLN 12 87 23 77 0 66 45 92 3 0 2 1 9 9 5 4 4 4 \" Our input items to sort.
.ASORT \" Sort all items in the array.
.
.\" Output sorted items
.nr Ai 0 1
.while \n(Ai<\n(Ac \n[A\n+[Ai]]Output
0 0 1 2 3 4 4 4 5 9 9 12 23 45 66 77 87 92
Nanoquery
def bubble_sort(seq)
changed = true
while changed
changed = false
for i in range(0, len(seq) - 2)
if seq[i] > seq[i + 1]
temp = seq[i]
seq[i] = seq[i + 1]
seq[i + 1] = temp
changed = true
end
end
end
return seq
end
if main
import Nanoquery.Util; random = new(Random)
testset = list(range(0, 99))
testset = random.shuffle(testset)
println testset + "\n"
testset = bubble_sort(testset)
println testset
end- Output:
[97, 22, 91, 60, 79, 3, 1, 2, 18, 65, 85, 88, 40, 0, 56, 94, 67, 28, 17, 55, 71, 83, 77, 44, 80, 12, 13, 14, 54, 7, 4, 5, 59, 6, 43, 62, 21, 73, 45, 30, 66, 47, 10, 35, 11, 76, 34, 58, 96, 26, 15, 49, 84, 86, 29, 16, 69, 61, 9, 50, 25, 42, 23, 63, 99, 8, 51, 46, 53, 82, 48, 31, 36, 33, 19, 87, 37, 81, 39, 92, 24, 89, 41, 52, 93, 90, 72, 64, 70, 32, 27, 78, 68, 74, 38, 57, 98, 75, 20, 95] [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99]
Nemerle
Functional
using System;
using System.Console;
module Bubblesort
{
Bubblesort[T] (x : list[T]) : list[T]
where T : IComparable
{
def isSorted(y)
{
|[_] => true
|y1::y2::ys => (y1.CompareTo(y2) < 0) && isSorted(y2::ys)
}
def sort(y)
{
|[y] => [y]
|y1::y2::ys => if (y1.CompareTo(y2) < 0) y1::sort(y2::ys)
else y2::sort(y1::ys)
}
def loop(y)
{
if (isSorted(y)) y else {def z = sort(y); loop(z)}
}
match(x)
{
|[] => []
|_ => loop(x)
}
}
Main() : void
{
def empty = [];
def single = [2];
def several = [2, 6, 1, 7, 3, 9, 4];
WriteLine(Bubblesort(empty));
WriteLine(Bubblesort(single));
WriteLine(Bubblesort(several));
}
}Imperative
We use an array for this version so that we can update in place. We could use a C# style list (as in the C# example), but that seemed too easy to confuse with a Nemerle style list.
using System;
using System.Console;
module Bubblesort
{
public static Bubblesort[T](this x : array[T]) : void
where T : IComparable
{
mutable changed = false;
def ln = x.Length;
do
{
changed = false;
foreach (i in [0 .. (ln - 2)])
{
when (x[i].CompareTo(x[i + 1]) > 0)
{
x[i] <-> x[i + 1];
changed = true;
}
}
} while (changed);
}
Main() : void
{
def several = array[2, 6, 1, 7, 3, 9, 4];
several.Bubblesort();
foreach (i in several)
Write($"$i ");
}
}NetRexx
/* NetRexx */
options replace format comments java crossref savelog symbols binary
placesList = [String -
"UK London", "US New York" -
, "US Boston", "US Washington" -
, "UK Washington", "US Birmingham" -
, "UK Birmingham", "UK Boston" -
]
sortedList = bubbleSort(String[] Arrays.copyOf(placesList, placesList.length))
lists = [placesList, sortedList]
loop ln = 0 to lists.length - 1
cl = lists[ln]
loop ct = 0 to cl.length - 1
say cl[ct]
end ct
say
end ln
return
method bubbleSort(list = String[]) public constant binary returns String[]
listLen = list.length
loop i_ = 0 to listLen - 1
loop j_ = i_ + 1 to listLen - 1
if list[i_].compareTo(list[j_]) > 0 then do
tmpstor = list[j_]
list[j_] = list[i_]
list[i_] = tmpstor
end
end j_
end i_
return list- Output:
UK London US New York US Boston US Washington UK Washington US Birmingham UK Birmingham UK Boston UK Birmingham UK Boston UK London UK Washington US Birmingham US Boston US New York US Washington
Translation of Pseudocode
This version is a direct implementation of this task's pseudocode.
/* NetRexx */
options replace format comments java crossref savelog symbols binary
placesList = [String -
"UK London", "US New York" -
, "US Boston", "US Washington" -
, "UK Washington", "US Birmingham" -
, "UK Birmingham", "UK Boston" -
]
sortedList = bubbleSort(String[] Arrays.copyOf(placesList, placesList.length))
lists = [placesList, sortedList]
loop ln = 0 to lists.length - 1
cl = lists[ln]
loop ct = 0 to cl.length - 1
say cl[ct]
end ct
say
end ln
return
method bubbleSort(item = String[]) public constant binary returns String[]
hasChanged = boolean
itemCount = item.length
loop label h_ until \hasChanged
hasChanged = isFalse
itemCount = itemCount - 1
loop index = 0 to itemCount - 1
if item[index].compareTo(item[index + 1]) > 0 then do
swap = item[index]
item[index] = item[index + 1]
item[index + 1] = swap
hasChanged = isTrue
end
end index
end h_
return item
method isTrue public constant binary returns boolean
return 1 == 1
method isFalse public constant binary returns boolean
return \isTrueNim
proc bubbleSort[T](a: var openarray[T]) =
var t = true
for n in countdown(a.len-2, 0):
if not t: break
t = false
for j in 0..n:
if a[j] <= a[j+1]: continue
swap a[j], a[j+1]
t = true
var a = @[4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782]
bubbleSort a
echo a- Output:
@[-31, 0, 2, 2, 4, 65, 83, 99, 782]
Oberon-2
MODULE Bubble;
IMPORT Out;
TYPE
TItem = INTEGER;
VAR
I:LONGINT;
A:ARRAY 10 OF TItem;
PROCEDURE Init(VAR A:ARRAY OF TItem);
BEGIN
A[0] := 1; A[1] := 10; A[2] := 2; A[3] := 5;
A[4] := -1; A[5] := 5; A[6] := -19; A[7] := 4;
A[8] := 23; A[9] := 0;
END Init;
PROCEDURE Swap(VAR A,B:TItem);
VAR
Temp:TItem;
BEGIN
Temp := A;
A := B;
B := Temp;
END Swap;
PROCEDURE BubbleSort(VAR A:ARRAY OF TItem);
VAR
N,Newn,I:LONGINT;
BEGIN
N := LEN(A)-1;
REPEAT
Newn := 0;
FOR I := 1 TO N DO
IF A[I-1] > A[I] THEN
Swap(A[I-1], A[I]);
Newn := I;
END;
END;
N := Newn;
UNTIL N = 0;
END BubbleSort;
BEGIN
Init(A);
Out.String("Before sorting: "); Out.Ln;
FOR I := 0 TO LEN(A)-1 DO Out.Int(A[I],0); Out.Char(' '); END;
Out.Ln;
BubbleSort(A);
Out.String("After sorting: "); Out.Ln;
FOR I := 0 TO LEN(A)-1 DO Out.Int(A[I],0); Out.Char(' '); END;
Out.Ln;
END Bubble.- Output:
Before sorting: 1 10 2 5 -1 5 -19 4 23 0 After sorting: -19 -1 0 1 2 4 5 5 10 23
Objeck
function : Swap(p : Int[]) ~ Nil {
t := p[0];
p[0] := p[1];
p[1] := t;
}
function : Sort(a : Int[]) ~ Nil {
do {
sorted := true;
size -= 1;
for (i:=0; i<a->Size(); i+=1;) {
if (a[i+1] < a[i]) {
swap(a+i);
sorted := 0;
};
};
}
while (sorted = false);
}Objective-C
- (NSArray *) bubbleSort:(NSMutableArray *)unsorted {
BOOL done = false;
while (!done) {
done = true;
for (int i = 1; i < unsorted.count; i++) {
if ( [[unsorted objectAtIndex:i-1] integerValue] > [[unsorted objectAtIndex:i] integerValue] ) {
[unsorted exchangeObjectAtIndex:i withObjectAtIndex:i-1];
done = false;
}
}
}
return unsorted;
}OCaml
Like the Haskell versions above:
This version checks for changes in a separate step for simplicity.
let rec bsort s =
let rec _bsort = function
| x :: x2 :: xs when x > x2 ->
x2 :: _bsort (x :: xs)
| x :: x2 :: xs ->
x :: _bsort (x2 :: xs)
| s -> s
in
let t = _bsort s in
if t = s then t
else bsort tThis version uses the polymorphic option type to designate unchanged lists. (The type signature of _bsort is now 'a list -> 'a list option.) It is slightly faster than the previous one.
let rec bsort s =
let rec _bsort = function
| x :: x2 :: xs when x > x2 -> begin
match _bsort (x :: xs) with
| None -> Some (x2 :: x :: xs)
| Some xs2 -> Some (x2 :: xs2)
end
| x :: x2 :: xs -> begin
match _bsort (x2 :: xs) with
| None -> None
| Some xs2 -> Some (x :: xs2)
end
| _ -> None
in
match _bsort s with
| None -> s
| Some s2 -> bsort s2Octave
function s = bubblesort(v)
itemCount = length(v);
do
hasChanged = false;
itemCount--;
for i = 1:itemCount
if ( v(i) > v(i+1) )
v([i,i+1]) = v([i+1,i]); % swap
hasChanged = true;
endif
endfor
until(hasChanged == false)
s = v;
endfunctionv = [9,8,7,3,1,100];
disp(bubblesort(v));Ol
(define (bubble-sort x ??)
(define (sort-step l)
(if (or (null? l) (null? (cdr l)))
l
(if (?? (car l) (cadr l))
(cons (cadr l) (sort-step (cons (car l) (cddr l))))
(cons (car l) (sort-step (cdr l))))))
(let loop ((i x))
(if (equal? i (sort-step i))
i
(loop (sort-step i)))))
(print
(bubble-sort (list 1 3 5 9 8 6 4 3 2) >))
(print
(bubble-sort (iota 100) >))
(print
(bubble-sort (iota 100) <))- Output:
(1 2 3 3 4 5 6 8 9) (0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99) (99 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0)
ooRexx
Reimplementation of NetRexx
This version exploits the "Collection Classes" and some other features of the language that are only available in Open Object Rexx.
/* Rexx */
Do
placesList = sampleData()
call show placesList
say
sortedList = bubbleSort(placesList)
call show sortedList
say
return
End
Exit
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
bubbleSort:
procedure
Do
il = arg(1)
sl = il~copy
listLen = sl~size
loop i_ = 1 to listLen
loop j_ = i_ + 1 to listLen
cmpi = sl[i_]
cmpj = sl[j_]
if cmpi > cmpj then do
sl[i_] = cmpj
sl[j_] = cmpi
end
end j_
end i_
return sl
End
Exit
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
show:
procedure
Do
al = arg(1)
loop e_ over al
say e_
end e_
return
End
Exit
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
sampleData:
procedure
Do
placesList = .array~of( ,
"UK London", "US New York", "US Boston", "US Washington", ,
"UK Washington", "US Birmingham", "UK Birmingham", "UK Boston" ,
)
return placesList
End
Exit- Output:
UK London US New York US Boston US Washington UK Washington US Birmingham UK Birmingham UK Boston UK Birmingham UK Boston UK London UK Washington US Birmingham US Boston US New York US Washington
Translation of Pseudocode
This version is a direct implementation of this task's pseudocode.
/* Rexx */
Do
placesList = sampleData()
call show placesList
say
sortedList = bubbleSort(placesList)
call show sortedList
say
return
End
Exit
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
bubbleSort:
procedure
Do
il = arg(1)
sl = il~copy
itemCount = sl~size
loop label c_ until \hasChanged
hasChanged = isFalse()
itemCount = itemCount - 1
loop i_ = 1 to itemCount
if sl[i_] > sl[i_ + 1] then do
t_ = sl[i_]
sl[i_] = sl[i_ + 1]
sl[i_ + 1] = t_
hasChanged = isTrue()
end
end i_
end c_
return sl
End
Exit
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
show:
procedure
Do
al = arg(1)
loop e_ over al
say e_
end e_
return
End
Exit
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
sampleData:
procedure
Do
placesList = .array~of( ,
"UK London", "US New York", "US Boston", "US Washington", ,
"UK Washington", "US Birmingham", "UK Birmingham", "UK Boston" ,
)
return placesList
End
Exit
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
isTrue: procedure
return (1 == 1)
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
isFalse: procedure
return \isTrue()Classic Rexx Implementation
A more "traditional" implementation of version 1 using only Rexx primitive constructs. This version has been tested with the Open Object Rexx and Regina Rexx interpreters and could equally have been exhibited as a Rexx solution.
/* Rexx */
Do
placesList. = ''
sortedList. = ''
call sampleData
call bubbleSort
do i_ = 1 to placesList.0
say placesList.i_
end i_
say
do i_ = 1 to sortedList.0
say sortedList.i_
end i_
say
return
End
Exit
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
bubbleSort:
procedure expose sortedList. placesList.
Do
/* Copy list */
do !_ = 0 to placesList.0
sortedList.!_ = placesList.!_
end !_
listLen = sortedList.0
do i_ = 1 to listLen
do j_ = i_ + 1 to listLen
if sortedList.i_ > sortedList.j_ then do
!_ = sortedList.j_
sortedList.j_ = sortedList.i_
sortedList.i_ = !_
end
end j_
end i_
return
End
Exit
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
sampleData:
procedure expose placesList.
Do
! = 0
! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "UK London"
! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "US New York"
! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "US Boston"
! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "US Washington"
! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "UK Washington"
! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "US Birmingham"
! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "UK Birmingham"
! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "UK Boston"
return
End
ExitOz
In-place sorting of mutable arrays:
declare
proc {BubbleSort Arr}
proc {Swap I J}
Arr.J := (Arr.I := Arr.J) %% assignment returns the old value
end
IsSorted = {NewCell false}
MaxItem = {NewCell {Array.high Arr}-1}
in
for until:@IsSorted do
IsSorted := true
for I in {Array.low Arr}..@MaxItem do
if Arr.I > Arr.(I+1) then
IsSorted := false
{Swap I I+1}
end
end
MaxItem := @MaxItem - 1
end
end
Arr = {Tuple.toArray unit(10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1)}
in
{BubbleSort Arr}
{Inspect Arr}Purely-functional sorting of immutable lists:
declare
local
fun {Loop Xs Changed ?IsSorted}
case Xs
of X1|X2|Xr andthen X1 > X2 then
X2|{Loop X1|Xr true IsSorted}
[] X|Xr then
X|{Loop Xr Changed IsSorted}
[] nil then
IsSorted = {Not Changed}
nil
end
end
in
fun {BubbleSort Xs}
IsSorted
Result = {Loop Xs false ?IsSorted}
in
if IsSorted then Result
else {BubbleSort Result}
end
end
end
in
{Show {BubbleSort [3 1 4 1 5 9 2 6 5]}}PARI/GP
bubbleSort(v)={
for(i=1,#v-1,
for(j=i+1,#v,
if(v[j]<v[i],
my(t=v[j]);
v[j]=v[i];
v[i]=t
)
)
);
v
};Pascal
procedure bubble_sort(var list: array of real);
var
i, j, n: integer;
t: real;
begin
n := length(list);
for i := n downto 2 do
for j := 0 to i - 1 do
if list[j] > list[j + 1] then
begin
t := list[j];
list[j] := list[j + 1];
list[j + 1] := t;
end;
end;Usage:
var
list: array[0 .. 9] of real;
// ...
bubble_sort(list);PascalABC.NET
procedure bubbleSort<T>(a: array of T); where T: IComparable<T>;
begin
var swapped: boolean;
repeat
swapped := False;
for var i := 0 to a.Count - 2 do
if a[i].CompareTo(a[i + 1]) > 0 then
begin
swap(a[i], a[i + 1]);
swapped := True;
end;
until not swapped;
end;
begin
var a := |4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782|;
bubbleSort(a);
writeln(a);
var b := 'gcdbafeb'.toarray;
bubblesort(b);
writeln(b);
end.- Output:
[-31,0,2,2,4,65,83,99,782] [a,b,b,c,d,e,f,g]
Pebble
;bubble sort example for x86 DOS
;compiles to 549 bytes com file
program examples\bubble
data
int sorting[0]
int index[0]
int size[10]
int temp1[0]
int temp2[0]
int@ list[10]
begin
call fill
call sort
call output
pause
kill
end
sub fill
0 [index]
label loopfill
echo "Enter value #" \
echo [index]
echo ": " \
input @list{[index]}
+1 [index]
if [index] < [size] then loopfill
ret
sub sort
label loopsort
0 [sorting]
0 [index]
label process
[temp1] = [index] + 1
if @list{[index]} > @list{[temp1]} then
[temp2] = @list{[index]}
@list{[index]} = @list{[temp1]}
@list{[temp1]} = [temp2]
[sorting] = 1
endif
+1 [index]
if [index] < [size] - 1 then process
if [sorting] = 1 then loopsort
ret
sub output
0 [index]
label loopoutput
echo [index]
echo " : " \
echo @list{[index]}
crlf
+1 [index]
if [index] < [size] then loopoutput
retPerl
# Sorts an array in place
sub bubble_sort {
for my $i (0 .. $#_){
for my $j ($i + 1 .. $#_){
$_[$j] < $_[$i] and @_[$i, $j] = @_[$j, $i];
}
}
}Usage:
my @a = (39, 25, 30, 28, 36, 72, 98, 25, 43, 38);
bubble_sort(@a);Phix
with javascript_semantics function bubble_sort(sequence s) s = deep_copy(s) for j=length(s) to 1 by -1 do integer changed = 0 for i=1 to j-1 do object si = s[i], sn = s[i+1] if si>sn then s[i] = sn s[i+1] = si changed = 1 end if end for if changed=0 then exit end if end for return s end function constant s = {4, 15, "delta", 2, -31, 0, "alfa", 19, "gamma", 2, 13, "beta", 782, 1} puts(1,"Before: ") ?s puts(1,"After: ") ?bubble_sort(s)
- Output:
Before: {4,15,"delta",2,-31,0,"alpha",19,"gamma",2,13,"beta",782,1}
After: {-31,0,1,2,2,4,13,15,19,782,"alpha","beta","delta","gamma"}
PHP
function bubbleSort(array $array){
foreach($array as $i => &$val){
foreach($array as $k => &$val2){
if($k <= $i)
continue;
if($val > $val2) {
list($val, $val2) = [$val2, $val];
break;
}
}
}
return $array;
}PicoLisp
(de bubbleSort (Lst)
(use Chg
(loop
(off Chg)
(for (L Lst (cdr L) (cdr L))
(when (> (car L) (cadr L))
(xchg L (cdr L))
(on Chg) ) )
(NIL Chg Lst) ) ) )PL/I
/* A primitive bubble sort */
bubble_sort: procedure (A);
declare A(*) fixed binary;
declare temp fixed binary;
declare i fixed binary, no_more_swaps bit (1) aligned;
do until (no_more_swaps);
no_more_swaps = true;
do i = lbound(A,1) to hbound(A,1)-1;
if A(i) > A(i+1) then
do; temp = A(i); A(i) = A(i+1); A(i+1) = temp;
no_more_swaps = false;
end;
end;
end;
end bubble_sort;Pop11
define bubble_sort(v);
lvars n=length(v), done=false, i;
while not(done) do
true -> done;
n - 1 -> n;
for i from 1 to n do
if v(i) > v(i+1) then
false -> done;
;;; Swap using multiple assignment
(v(i+1), v(i)) -> (v(i), v(i+1));
endif;
endfor;
endwhile;
enddefine;
;;; Test it
vars ar = { 10 8 6 4 2 1 3 5 7 9};
bubble_sort(ar);
ar =>PostScript
/bubblesort{
/x exch def
/temp x x length 1 sub get def
/i x length 1 sub def
/j i 1 sub def
x length 1 sub{
i 1 sub{
x j 1 sub get x j get lt
{
/temp x j 1 sub get def
x j 1 sub x j get put
x j temp put
}if
/j j 1 sub def
}repeat
/i i 1 sub def
/j i 1 sub def
}repeat
x pstack
}defPowerShell
function bubblesort ($a) {
$l = $a.Length
$hasChanged = $true
while ($hasChanged) {
$hasChanged = $false
$l--
for ($i = 0; $i -lt $l; $i++) {
if ($a[$i] -gt $a[$i+1]) {
$a[$i], $a[$i+1] = $a[$i+1], $a[$i]
$hasChanged = $true
}
}
}
}Prolog
It's surprisingly easy in Prolog while coding this sort, to accidentally create a sort that is similar, but not identical to the bubble sort algorithm. Some of these are easier and shorter to code and work as well if not better. Having said that, it's difficult to think of a reason to code the bubble sort these days except as an example of inefficiency.
%___________________________________________________________________________
% Bubble sort
bubble(0, Res, Res, sorted).
bubble(Len, [A,B|T], Res, unsorted) :- A > B, !, bubble(Len,[B,A|T], Res, _).
bubble(Len, [A|T], [A|Ts], Ch) :- L is Len-1, bubble(L, T, Ts, Ch).
bubblesort(In, Out) :- length(In, Len), bubblesort(Len, In, Out).
bubblesort(0, In, In).
bubblesort(Len, In, Out) :-
bubble(Len, In, Bubbled, SortFlag), % bubble the list
(SortFlag=sorted -> Out=Bubbled; % list is already sorted
SegLen is Len - 1, % one fewer to process
writef('bubbled=%w\n', [Bubbled]), % show progress
bubblesort(SegLen, Bubbled, Out)).
test :- In = [8,9,1,3,4,2,6,5,4],
writef(' input=%w\n', [In]),
bubblesort(In, R),
writef('-> %w\n', [R]).for example:
?- test. input=[8,9,1,3,4,2,6,5,4] bubbled=[8,1,3,4,2,6,5,4,9] bubbled=[1,3,4,2,6,5,4,8,9] bubbled=[1,3,2,4,5,4,6,8,9] bubbled=[1,2,3,4,4,5,6,8,9] -> [1,2,3,4,4,5,6,8,9] true.
Alternative version
Should be ISO (but tested only with GNU Prolog). Note: doesn't constuct list for each swap, only for each pass.
:- initialization(main).
bubble_sort(Xs,Res) :-
write(Xs), nl
, bubble_pass(Xs,Ys,Changed)
, ( Changed == true -> bubble_sort(Ys,Res) ; Res = Xs )
.
bubble_pass(Xs,Res,Changed) :-
Xs = [X|Ys], Ys = [Y|Zs]
, ( X > Y -> H = Y, T = [X|Zs], Changed = true
; H = X, T = Ys
)
, Res = [H|R], !, bubble_pass(T,R,Changed)
; Res = Xs
.
test([8,9,1,3,4,2,6,5,4]).
main :- test(T), bubble_sort(T,_), halt.- Output:
[8,9,1,3,4,2,6,5,4] [8,1,3,4,2,6,5,4,9] [1,3,4,2,6,5,4,8,9] [1,3,2,4,5,4,6,8,9] [1,2,3,4,4,5,6,8,9]
Python
def bubble_sort(seq):
"""Inefficiently sort the mutable sequence (list) in place.
seq MUST BE A MUTABLE SEQUENCE.
As with list.sort() and random.shuffle this does NOT return
"""
changed = True
while changed:
changed = False
for i in range(len(seq) - 1):
if seq[i] > seq[i+1]:
seq[i], seq[i+1] = seq[i+1], seq[i]
changed = True
return seq
if __name__ == "__main__":
"""Sample usage and simple test suite"""
from random import shuffle
testset = [_ for _ in range(100)]
testcase = testset.copy() # make a copy
shuffle(testcase)
assert testcase != testset # we've shuffled it
bubble_sort(testcase)
assert testcase == testset # we've unshuffled it back into a copyQuackery
[ stack ] is sorted ( --> s )
[ rot tuck over peek
2swap tuck over peek
dip rot 2dup < iff
[ dip [ unrot poke ]
swap rot poke
sorted release
false sorted put ]
else
[ drop 2drop nip ] ] is >exch ( [ n n --> [ )
[ dup size 1 - times
[ true sorted put
i 1+ times
[ i^ dup 1+ >exch ]
sorted take if
conclude ] ] is bubble ( [ --> [ )
[] 20 times
[ 10 random join ]
say "Before: " dup echo cr
say "After: " bubble echo- Output:
Before: [ 5 2 5 0 4 5 1 5 1 1 0 3 7 2 0 9 6 1 8 7 ] After: [ 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 5 5 5 6 7 7 8 9 ]
Qi
(define bubble-shot
[A] -> [A]
[A B|R] -> [B|(bubble-shot [A|R])] where (> A B)
[A |R] -> [A|(bubble-shot R)])
(define bubble-sort
X -> (fix bubble-shot X))
(bubble-sort [6 8 5 9 3 2 2 1 4 7])R
The previously solution missed out on a cool R trick for swapping items and had no check for lists of length 1. As R is 1-indexed, we have aimed to be as faithful as we can to the given pseudo-code.
bubbleSort <- function(items)
{
repeat
{
if((itemCount <- length(items)) <= 1) return(items)
hasChanged <- FALSE
itemCount <- itemCount - 1
for(i in seq_len(itemCount))
{
if(items[i] > items[i + 1])
{
items[c(i, i + 1)] <- items[c(i + 1, i)]#The cool trick mentioned above.
hasChanged <- TRUE
}
}
if(!hasChanged) break
}
items
}
#Examples taken from the Haxe solution.
ints <- c(1, 10, 2, 5, -1, 5, -19, 4, 23, 0)
numerics <- c(1, -3.2, 5.2, 10.8, -5.7, 7.3, 3.5, 0, -4.1, -9.5)
strings <- c("We", "hold", "these", "truths", "to", "be", "self-evident", "that", "all", "men", "are", "created", "equal")- Output:
> bubbleSort(ints) [1] -19 -1 0 1 2 4 5 5 10 23 > bubbleSort(numerics) [1] -9.5 -5.7 -4.1 -3.2 0.0 1.0 3.5 5.2 7.3 10.8 > bubbleSort(strings) [1] "all" "are" "be" "created" "equal" "hold" "men" [8] "self-evident" "that" "these" "to" "truths" "We"
Ra
class BubbleSort
**Sort a list with the Bubble Sort algorithm**
on start
args := program arguments
.sort(args)
print args
define sort(list) is shared
**Sort the list**
test
list := [4, 2, 7, 3]
.sort(list)
assert list = [2, 3, 4, 7]
body
last := list.count - 1
post while changed
changed := false
for i in last
if list[i] > list[i + 1]
temp := list[i]
list[i] := list[i + 1]
list[i + 1] := temp
changed := trueRacket
This bubble sort sorts the elelement in the vector v with regard to <?.
#lang racket
(define (bubble-sort <? v)
(define len (vector-length v))
(define ref vector-ref)
(let loop ([max len]
[again? #f])
(for ([i (in-range 0 (- max 1))]
[j (in-range 1 max)])
(define vi (ref v i))
(when (<? (ref v j) vi)
(vector-set! v i (ref v j))
(vector-set! v j vi)
(set! again? #t)))
(when again? (loop (- max 1) #f)))
v)Example: Sorting a vector of length 10 with random entries.
(bubble-sort < (for/vector ([_ 10]) (random 20)))Raku
(formerly Perl 6)
sub bubble_sort (@a) {
for ^@a -> $i {
for $i ^..^ @a -> $j {
@a[$j] < @a[$i] and @a[$i, $j] = @a[$j, $i];
}
}
}REXX
version 0, alpha-numeric vertical list
This REXX version sorts (using a bubble sort) and displays an array (of alpha-numeric items) in a vertical list.
/*REXX program sorts an array (of any kind of items) using the bubble─sort algorithm.*/
call gen /*generate the array elements (items).*/
call show 'before sort' /*show the before array elements. */
say copies('▒', 70) /*show a separator line (before/after).*/
call bSort # /*invoke the bubble sort with # items.*/
call show ' after sort' /*show the after array elements. */
exit /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
bSort: procedure expose @.; parse arg n /*N: is the number of @ array elements.*/
do m=n-1 by -1 until ok; ok=1 /*keep sorting the @ array until done.*/
do j=1 for m; k=j+1; if @.j<=@.k then iterate /*elements in order? */
_=@.j; @.j=@.k; @.k=_; ok=0 /*swap two elements; flag as not done.*/
end /*j*/
end /*m*/; return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
gen: @.=; @.1 = '---letters of the Hebrew alphabet---' ; @.13= "kaph [kaf]"
@.2 = '====================================' ; @.14= "lamed"
@.3 = 'aleph [alef]' ; @.15= "mem"
@.4 = 'beth [bet]' ; @.16= "nun"
@.5 = 'gimel' ; @.17= "samekh"
@.6 = 'daleth [dalet]' ; @.18= "ayin"
@.7 = 'he' ; @.19= "pe"
@.8 = 'waw [vav]' ; @.20= "sadhe [tsadi]"
@.9 = 'zayin' ; @.21= "qoph [qof]"
@.10= 'heth [het]' ; @.22= "resh"
@.11= 'teth [tet]' ; @.23= "shin"
@.12= 'yod' ; @.24= "taw [tav]"
do #=1 until @.#==''; end; #=#-1 /*determine #elements in list; adjust #*/
return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
show: do j=1 for #; say ' element' right(j,length(#)) arg(1)":" @.j; end; return- output when using the internal array list:
(Shown at 5/6 size.)
element 1 before sort: ---letters of the Hebrew alphabet---
element 2 before sort: ====================================
element 3 before sort: aleph [alef]
element 4 before sort: beth [bet]
element 5 before sort: gimel
element 6 before sort: daleth [dalet]
element 7 before sort: he
element 8 before sort: waw [vav]
element 9 before sort: zayin
element 10 before sort: heth [het]
element 11 before sort: teth [tet]
element 12 before sort: yod
element 13 before sort: kaph [kaf]
element 14 before sort: lamed
element 15 before sort: mem
element 16 before sort: nun
element 17 before sort: samekh
element 18 before sort: ayin
element 19 before sort: pe
element 20 before sort: sadhe [tsadi]
element 21 before sort: qoph [qof]
element 22 before sort: resh
element 23 before sort: shin
element 24 before sort: taw [tav]
▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒
element 1 after sort: ---letters of the Hebrew alphabet---
element 2 after sort: ====================================
element 3 after sort: aleph [alef]
element 4 after sort: ayin
element 5 after sort: beth [bet]
element 6 after sort: daleth [dalet]
element 7 after sort: gimel
element 8 after sort: he
element 9 after sort: heth [het]
element 10 after sort: kaph [kaf]
element 11 after sort: lamed
element 12 after sort: mem
element 13 after sort: nun
element 14 after sort: pe
element 15 after sort: qoph [qof]
element 16 after sort: resh
element 17 after sort: sadhe [tsadi]
element 18 after sort: samekh
element 19 after sort: shin
element 20 after sort: taw [tav]
element 21 after sort: teth [tet]
element 22 after sort: waw [vav]
element 23 after sort: yod
element 24 after sort: zayin
version 1, random integers, horizontal list
This REXX version sorts (using a bubble sort) and displays a random array of numbers (amount is specifiable from the command line) in a horizontal list.
Programming note: a check was made to not exceed REXX's upper range limit of the random BIF.
/*REXX program sorts an array (of any kind of numbers) using the bubble─sort algorithm.*/
parse arg N .; if N=='' | N=="," then N=30 /*obtain optional size of array from CL*/
call gen N /*generate the array elements (items). */
call show 'before sort:' /*show the before array elements. */
call bSort N /*invoke the bubble sort with N items.*/
call show ' after sort:' /*show the after array elements. */
exit /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
bSort: procedure expose @.; parse arg n /*N: is the number of @ array elements.*/
do m=n-1 by -1 until ok; ok=1 /*keep sorting the @ array until done.*/
do j=1 for m; k=j+1; if @.j>@.k then parse value @.j @.k 0 with @.k @.j ok
end /*j*/ /* [↑] swap 2 elements, flag as ¬done.*/
end /*m*/; return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
gen: h=min(N+N,1e5); w=length(h); do j=1 for N; @.j=random(h); end; return
show: parse arg $; do k=1 for N; $=$ right(@.k, w); end; say $; return- output when using a internally generated random array of thirty integers (which are right-justified for alignment in the display):
before sort: 20 57 49 20 31 51 37 1 8 0 38 42 33 41 5 23 34 60 10 15 60 54 36 13 25 24 59 3 35 10 after sort: 0 1 3 5 8 10 10 13 15 20 20 23 24 25 31 33 34 35 36 37 38 41 42 49 51 54 57 59 60 60
version 2, random integers, horizontal list
/*REXX*/
Call random ,,1000
Do i=1 To 10
a.i=random(20)
End
a.0=i-1
Call show 'vorher '
Call bubble_sort
Call show 'nachher'
Exit
bubble_sort: Procedure Expose a.
Do Until no_more_swaps
no_more_swaps=1
Do i=1 To a.0-1
i1=i+1
if a.i > a.i1 Then Do
temp=a.i; a.i=a.i1; a.i1=temp
no_more_swaps=0
End
End
End
Return
show:
l=''; Do i=1 To a.0; l=l a.i; End; Say arg(1)':'l
Return- Output:
vorher : 9 17 16 19 5 7 3 20 16 0 nachher: 0 3 5 7 9 16 16 17 19 20
version 3, random integers, horizontal list, with interim plots
This REXX program is a modified version of the first REXX program, with produces a snapshot of the plot in progress.
The random number generation uses the numbers from 1 ───► N (in sequential
order), and then those numbers
are randomized. This is done to make the displaying of the plot symmetric (a straight upward diagonal slope).
Note that the command to clear the terminal screen is hard-coded as: CLS
Also note that only four snapshots of the sort-in-progress is shown here, the REXX program will show a snapshot of every
sorting pass; the at (about) nnn% sorted was added after-the-fact.
/*REXX program sorts an array (of any kind of numbers) using the bubble─sort algorithm.*/
parse arg N seed . /*obtain optional size of array from CL*/
if N=='' | N=="," then N=30 /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/
if datatype(seed, 'W') then call random ,,seed /*An integer? Use the seed for RANDOM.*/
call gen N /*generate the array elements (items). */
call show 'before sort:' /*show the before array elements. */
$$= $ /*keep "before" copy for after the sort*/
call bSort N /*invoke the bubble sort with N items.*/
say $$
call show ' after sort:' /*show the after array elements. */
exit /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
bSort: procedure expose @.; parse arg # /*N: is the number of @ array elements.*/
call disp /*show a snapshot of the unsorted array*/
do m=#-1 by -1 until ok; ok=1 /*keep sorting the @ array until done.*/
do j=1 for m; k=j+1
if @.j>@.k then do; parse value @.j @.k 0 with @.k @.j ok
end
end /*j*/ /* [↑] swap 2 elements, flag as ¬done.*/
call disp /*show snapshot of partially sorted @. */
end /*m*/; return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
gen: do j=1 for N; @.j= j; end
do k=1 for N; g= random(1,N); parse value @.k @.g with @.g @.k; end; return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
show: parse arg $; do k=1 for N; $=$ right(@.k, length(N)); end; say $; return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
disp: 'CLS'; $.= /*"CLS" is the command to clear screen.*/
do e=1 for #; $.e= '│'overlay("☼", $.e, @.e); end /*e*/
do s=# for # by -1; say $.s; end /*s*/
say "└"copies('─', #) /*display the horizontal axis at bottom*/
return- output when using the default input:
│ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ at 0% sorted │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ └────────────────────────
│ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ at about 25% sorted │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │☼ │ ☼ └──────────────────────────────
│ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ at about 50% sorted │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │☼ └──────────────────────────────
│ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ at 100% sorted │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │☼ └────────────────────────────── before sort: 11 3 15 4 12 14 7 20 22 5 8 19 24 13 6 1 16 23 17 2 10 9 21 18 after sort: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Ring
bubbleList = [4,2,1,3]
flag = 0
bubbleSort(bubbleList)
see bubbleList
func bubbleSort A
n = len(A)
while flag = 0
flag = 1
for i = 1 to n-1
if A[i] > A[i+1]
temp = A[i]
A[i] = A[i+1]
A[i+1] = temp
flag = 0
ok
next
endRPL
The bubble algorithm is slow by construction, but since its RPL implementation uses basic stack handling, it is actually quicker than algorithms that work directly on the array.
≪ IF DUP SIZE 2 ≥ THEN
LIST→ → len
≪ len 1 FOR n
1 n 1 - START
IF DUP2 > THEN SWAP END
n ROLLD
NEXT
n ROLLD
-1 STEP
len →LIST
≫
END ≫
Ruby
This example adds the bubblesort! method to the Array object. Below are two different methods that show four different iterating constructs in ruby.
class Array
def bubblesort1!
length.times do |j|
for i in 1...(length - j)
if self[i] < self[i - 1]
self[i], self[i - 1] = self[i - 1], self[i]
end
end
end
self
end
def bubblesort2!
each_index do |index|
(length - 1).downto( index ) do |i|
self[i-1], self[i] = self[i], self[i-1] if self[i-1] < self[i]
end
end
self
end
end
ary = [3, 78, 4, 23, 6, 8, 6]
ary.bubblesort1!
p ary
# => [3, 4, 6, 6, 8, 23, 78]Rust
fn bubble_sort<T: Ord>(values: &mut[T]) {
let mut n = values.len();
let mut swapped = true;
while swapped {
swapped = false;
for i in 1..n {
if values[i - 1] > values[i] {
values.swap(i - 1, i);
swapped = true;
}
}
n = n - 1;
}
}
fn main() {
// Sort numbers.
let mut numbers = [8, 7, 1, 2, 9, 3, 4, 5, 0, 6];
println!("Before: {:?}", numbers);
bubble_sort(&mut numbers);
println!("After: {:?}", numbers);
// Sort strings.
let mut strings = ["empty", "beach", "art", "car", "deal"];
println!("Before: {:?}", strings);
bubble_sort(&mut strings);
println!("After: {:?}", strings);
}Sather
class SORT{T < $IS_LT{T}} is
private swap(inout a, inout b:T) is
temp ::= a;
a := b;
b := temp;
end;
bubble_sort(inout a:ARRAY{T}) is
i:INT;
if a.size < 2 then return; end;
loop
sorted ::= true;
loop i := 0.upto!(a.size - 2);
if a[i+1] < a[i] then
swap(inout a[i+1], inout a[i]);
sorted := false;
end;
end;
until!(sorted);
end;
end;
end;class MAIN is
main is
a:ARRAY{INT} := |10, 9, 8, 7, 6, -10, 5, 4|;
SORT{INT}::bubble_sort(inout a);
#OUT + a + "\n";
end;
end;This should be able to sort (in ascending order) any object for which is_lt (less than) is defined.
Scala
This slightly more complex version of Bubble Sort avoids errors with indices.
def bubbleSort[T](arr: Array[T])(implicit o: Ordering[T]) {
import o._
val consecutiveIndices = (arr.indices, arr.indices drop 1).zipped
var hasChanged = true
do {
hasChanged = false
consecutiveIndices foreach { (i1, i2) =>
if (arr(i1) > arr(i2)) {
hasChanged = true
val tmp = arr(i1)
arr(i1) = arr(i2)
arr(i2) = tmp
}
}
} while(hasChanged)
}import scala.annotation.tailrec
def bubbleSort(xt: List[Int]) = {
@tailrec
def bubble(xs: List[Int], rest: List[Int], sorted: List[Int]): List[Int] = xs match {
case x :: Nil =>
if (rest.isEmpty) x :: sorted
else bubble(rest, Nil, x :: sorted)
case a :: b :: xs =>
if (a > b) bubble(a :: xs, b :: rest, sorted)
else bubble(b :: xs, a :: rest, sorted)
}
bubble(xt, Nil, Nil)
}Scheme
(define (bubble-sort x gt?)
(letrec
((fix (lambda (f i)
(if (equal? i (f i))
i
(fix f (f i)))))
(sort-step (lambda (l)
(if (or (null? l) (null? (cdr l)))
l
(if (gt? (car l) (cadr l))
(cons (cadr l) (sort-step (cons (car l) (cddr l))))
(cons (car l) (sort-step (cdr l))))))))
(fix sort-step x)))This solution recursively finds the fixed point of sort-step. A comparison function must be passed to bubblesort. Example usages:
(bubble-sort (list 1 3 5 9 8 6 4 2) >)
(bubble-sort (string->list "Monkey") char<?)Here is the same function, using a different syntax:
(define (bsort l gt?)
(define (dosort l)
(cond ((null? (cdr l))
l)
((gt? (car l) (cadr l))
(cons (cadr l) (dosort (cons (car l) (cddr l)))))
(else
(cons (car l) (dosort (cdr l))))))
(let ((try (dosort l)))
(if (equal? l try)
l
(bsort try gt?))))For example, you could do
(bsort > '(2 4 6 2))
(1 2 3)Scilab
function b=BubbleSort(a)
n=length(a)
swapped=%T
while swapped
swapped=%F
for i=1:1:n-1
if a(i)>a(i+1) then
temp=a(i)
a(i)=a(i+1)
a(i+1)=temp
swapped=%T
end
end
end
b=a
endfunction BubbleSort- Output:
-->y=[5 4 3 2 1]
y =
5. 4. 3. 2. 1.
-->x=BubbleSort(a)
x =
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Scratch
This solution is hosted at the Scratch site, because it is difficult to document visual programming solutions directly here at Rosetta Code. There you can see the solution results as well as examine the code. This solution is intended to illustrate the Bubble sort algorithm rather than to maximize performance. Scratch provides visual queues to indicate list access, and these are used to help show what is happening.
Seed7
const proc: bubbleSort (inout array elemType: arr) is func
local
var boolean: swapped is FALSE;
var integer: i is 0;
var elemType: help is elemType.value;
begin
repeat
swapped := FALSE;
for i range 1 to length(arr) - 1 do
if arr[i] > arr[i + 1] then
help := arr[i];
arr[i] := arr[i + 1];
arr[i + 1] := help;
swapped := TRUE;
end if;
end for;
until not swapped;
end func;Original source: [2]
Shen
Bubble sort a vector in-place, using the < operator for comparison.
(tc +)
(define swap
{ (vector number) --> number --> number --> (vector number) }
A I1 I2 -> (let Z (<-vector A I1)
(do (vector-> A I1 (<-vector A I2))
(vector-> A I2 Z))))
(define one-pass
{ (vector number) --> number --> boolean --> number --> boolean }
A N Swapped N -> (do (if (> (<-vector A (- N 1)) (<-vector A N))
(swap A (- N 1) N))
Swapped)
A N Swapped I -> (if (> (<-vector A (- I 1)) (<-vector A I))
(do (swap A (- I 1) I)
(one-pass A N true (+ I 1)))
(one-pass A N Swapped (+ I 1))))
(define bubble-h
{ boolean --> (vector number) --> number --> (vector number) }
true A N -> (bubble-h (one-pass A N false 2) A N)
false A N -> A)
(define bubble-sort
{ (vector number) --> (vector number) }
A -> (let N (limit A)
(bubble-h (one-pass A N false 2) A N)))(datatype some-globals
__________
(value *arr*) : (vector number);)
(set *arr* (vector 5))
(vector-> (value *arr*) 1 5)
(vector-> (value *arr*) 2 1)
(vector-> (value *arr*) 3 4)
(vector-> (value *arr*) 4 2)
(vector-> (value *arr*) 5 8)
(bubble-sort (value *arr*))Here is a more idiomatic implementation:
(tc +)
(define bubble-shot
{ (vector number) --> (vector number) }
(@v A <>) -> (@v A <>)
(@v A B R) -> (@v B (bubble-shot (@v A R))) where (> A B)
(@v A R) -> (@v A (bubble-shot R)))
(define bubble-sort
{ (vector number) --> (vector number) }
X -> (fix (function bubble-shot) X))(bubble-sort (@v 5 1 4 2 3 <>))Sidef
func bubble_sort(arr) {
loop {
var swapped = false
{ |i|
if (arr[i] > arr[i+1]) {
arr[i, i+1] = arr[i+1, i]
swapped = true
}
} << ^arr.end
swapped || break
}
return arr
}Simula
BEGIN
PROCEDURE BUBBLESORT(A); NAME A; INTEGER ARRAY A;
BEGIN
INTEGER LOW, HIGH, I;
BOOLEAN SWAPPED;
PROCEDURE SWAP(I, J); INTEGER I, J;
BEGIN
INTEGER TEMP;
TEMP := A(I); A(I) := A(J); A(J) := TEMP;
END**OF**SWAP;
LOW := LOWERBOUND(A, 1);
HIGH := UPPERBOUND(A, 1);
SWAPPED := TRUE;
WHILE SWAPPED DO
BEGIN
SWAPPED := FALSE;
FOR I := LOW + 1 STEP 1 UNTIL HIGH DO
BEGIN
COMMENT IF THIS PAIR IS OUT OF ORDER ;
IF A(I - 1) > A(I) THEN
BEGIN
COMMENT SWAP THEM AND REMEMBER SOMETHING CHANGED ;
SWAP(I - 1, I);
SWAPPED := TRUE;
END;
END;
END;
END**OF**BUBBLESORT;
INTEGER ARRAY A(1:10);
INTEGER I, N;
I := 1;
FOR N := 6, 8, 5, 9, 3, 2, 2, 1, 4, 7 DO
BEGIN
A(I) := N; I := I + 1;
END;
BUBBLESORT(A);
FOR I:= 1 STEP 1 UNTIL 10 DO
OUTINT(A(I), 5);
OUTIMAGE;
END;- Output:
1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Smalltalk
A straight translation from the pseudocode above. Swap is done with a block closure.
|item swap itemCount hasChanged|
item := #(1 4 5 6 10 8 7 61 0 -3) copy.
swap :=
[:indexOne :indexTwo|
|temp|
temp := item at: indexOne.
item at: indexOne put: (item at: indexTwo).
item at: indexTwo put: temp].
itemCount := item size.
[hasChanged := false.
itemCount := itemCount - 1.
1 to: itemCount do:
[:index |
(item at: index) > (item at: index + 1) ifTrue:
[swap value: index value: index + 1.
hasChanged := true]].
hasChanged] whileTrue.SNOBOL4
* # Sort array in place, return array
define('bubble(a,alen)i,j,ub,tmp') :(bubble_end)
bubble i = 1; ub = alen
outer gt(ub,1) :f(bdone)
j = 1
inner le(a<j>, a<j + 1>) :s(incrj)
tmp = a<j>
a<j> = a<j + 1>
a<j + 1> = tmp
incrj j = lt(j + 1,ub) j + 1 :s(inner)
ub = ub - 1 :(outer)
bdone bubble = a :(return)
bubble_end
* # Fill array with test data
str = '33 99 15 54 1 20 88 47 68 72'
output = str; arr = array(10)
floop i = i + 1; str span('0123456789') . arr<i> = :s(floop)
* # Test and display
bubble(arr,10); str = ''
sloop j = j + 1; str = str arr<j> ' ' :s(sloop)
output = trim(str)
end- Output:
33 99 15 54 1 20 88 47 68 72 1 15 20 33 47 54 68 72 88 99
SPARK
The first version is based on the Ada version, with Integer for both the array index and the array element.
Static analysis of this code shows that it is guaranteed free of any run-time error when called from any other SPARK code.
package Bubble
is
type Arr is array(Integer range <>) of Integer;
procedure Sort (A : in out Arr);
--# derives A from *;
end Bubble;
package body Bubble
is
procedure Sort (A : in out Arr)
is
Finished : Boolean;
Temp : Integer;
begin
if A'Last /= A'First then
loop
Finished := True;
for J in Integer range A'First .. A'Last - 1 loop
if A (J + 1) < A (J) then
Finished := False;
Temp := A (J + 1);
A (J + 1) := A (J);
A (J) := Temp;
end if;
end loop;
--# assert A'Last /= A'First;
exit when Finished;
end loop;
end if;
end Sort;
end Bubble;The next version has a postcondition to guarantee that the returned array is sorted correctly. This requires the two proof rules that follow the source. The Ada code is identical with the first version.
package Bubble
is
type Arr is array(Integer range <>) of Integer;
-- Sorted is a proof function with the definition:
-- Sorted(A, From_I, To_I)
-- <->
-- (for all I in Integer range From_I .. To_I - 1 =>
-- (A(I) <= A(I + 1))) .
--
--# function Sorted (A : Arr;
--# From_I, To_I : Integer) return Boolean;
procedure Sort (A : in out Arr);
--# derives A from *;
--# post Sorted(A, A'First, A'Last);
end Bubble;
package body Bubble
is
procedure Sort (A : in out Arr)
is
Finished : Boolean;
Temp : Integer;
begin
if A'Last > A'First then
loop
Finished := True;
for J in Integer range A'First .. A'Last - 1
--# assert Finished -> Sorted(A, A'First, J);
loop
if A (J + 1) < A (J) then
Finished := False;
Temp := A (J + 1);
A (J + 1) := A (J);
A (J) := Temp;
end if;
end loop;
--# assert A'Last /= A'First
--# and (Finished -> Sorted(A, A'First, A'Last));
exit when Finished;
end loop;
end if;
end Sort;
end Bubble;The proof rules are stated here without justification (but they are fairly obvious). A formal proof of these rules from the definition of Sorted has been completed.
bubble_sort_rule(1): sorted(A, I, J)
may_be_deduced_from
[ J <= I ] .
bubble_sort_rule(2): Fin -> sorted(A, I, J + 1)
may_be_deduced_from
[ Fin -> sorted(A, I, J),
element(A, [J]) <= element(A, [J + 1]) ] .
Both of the two versions above use an inner loop that scans over all the array on every pass of the outer loop. This makes the proof in the second version very simple.
The final version scans over a reducing portion of the array in the inner loop, consequently the proof becomes more complex. The package specification for this version is the same as the second version above. The package body defines two more proof functions.
package body Bubble
is
procedure Sort (A : in out Arr)
is
Finished : Boolean;
-- In_Position is a proof function with the definition:
-- In_Position(A, A_Start, A_I, A_End)
-- <->
-- ((for all K in Integer range A_Start .. A_I - 1 =>
-- (A(K) <= A(A_I)))
-- and
-- Sorted(A, A_I, A_End) .
--
--# function In_Position (A : Arr;
--# A_Start, A_I, A_End : Integer) return Boolean;
-- Swapped is a proof function with the definition:
-- Swapped(A_In, A_Out, I1, I2)
-- <->
-- (A_Out = A_In[I1 => A_In(I2); I2 => A_In(I1)]).
--
--# function Swapped (A_In, A_Out : Arr;
--# I1, I2 : Integer) return Boolean;
procedure Swap (A : in out Arr;
I1 : in Integer;
I2 : in Integer)
--# derives A from *, I1, I2;
--# pre I1 in A'First .. A'Last
--# and I2 in A'First .. A'Last;
--# post Swapped(A~, A, I1, I2);
is
Temp : Integer;
begin
Temp := A(I2);
A(I2) := A(I1);
A(I1) := Temp;
end Swap;
pragma Inline (Swap);
begin
if A'Last > A'First then
for I in reverse Integer range A'First + 1 .. A'Last loop
Finished := True;
for J in Integer range A'First .. I - 1 loop
if A (J + 1) < A (J) then
Finished := False;
Swap (A, J, J + 1);
end if;
--# assert I% = I -- I is unchanged by execution of the loop
--# and (for all K in Integer range A'First .. J =>
--# (A(K) <= A(J + 1)))
--# and (I < A'Last -> In_Position(A, A'First, I + 1, A'Last))
--# and (Finished -> Sorted(A, A'First, J + 1));
end loop;
exit when Finished;
--# assert In_Position(A, A'First, I, A'Last);
end loop;
end if;
end Sort;
end Bubble;Completion of the proof of this version requires more rules than the previous version and they are rather more complex. Creation of these rules is quite straightforward - I tend to write whatever rules the Simplifier needs first and then validate them afterwards. A formal proof of these rules from the definition of Sorted, In_Position and Swapped has been completed.
bubble_sort_rule(1): sorted(A, I, J)
may_be_deduced_from
[ J <= I ] .
bubble_sort_rule(2): sorted(A, I - 1, J)
may_be_deduced_from
[ sorted(A, I, J),
element(A, [I - 1]) <= element(A, [I]) ] .
bubble_sort_rule(3): Fin -> sorted(A, I, J + 1)
may_be_deduced_from
[ Fin -> sorted(A, I, J),
element(A, [J]) <= element(A, [J + 1]) ] .
bubble_sort_rule(4): sorted(A, Fst, Lst)
may_be_deduced_from
[ sorted(A, Fst, I),
I < Lst -> in_position(A, Fst, I + 1, Lst),
I <= Lst ] .
bubble_sort_rule(5): in_position(A, Fst, I, Lst)
may_be_deduced_from
[ I < Lst -> in_position(A, Fst, I + 1, Lst),
for_all(K : integer, Fst <= K and K <= I - 1
-> element(A, [K]) <= element(A, [I])),
I >= Fst,
I <= Lst ] .
bubble_sort_rule(6): I < Lst -> in_position(A2, Fst, I + 1, Lst)
may_be_deduced_from
[ I < Lst -> in_position(A1, Fst, I + 1, Lst),
swapped(A1, A2, J + 1, J + 2),
J + 2 < I + 1,
J >= Fst ] .
bubble_sort_rule(7): I - 1 < Lst -> in_position(A2, Fst, I, Lst)
may_be_deduced_from
[ in_position(A1, Fst, I, Lst),
swapped(A1, A2, J, J + 1),
J + 1 < I,
J >= Fst ] .
bubble_sort_rule(8): for_all(K : integer, I <= K and K <= I
-> element(A, [K]) <= element(A, [I + 1]))
may_be_deduced_from
[ element(A, [I]) <= element(A, [I + 1]) ] .
bubble_sort_rule(9): for_all(K : integer, I <= K and K <= I
-> element(A2, [K]) <= element(A2, [I + 1]))
may_be_deduced_from
[ element(A1, [I]) > element(A1, [I + 1]),
swapped(A1, A2, I, I + 1) ] .
bubble_sort_rule(10): for_all(K2 : integer, Fst <= K2 and K2 <= J + 1
-> element(A, [K2]) <= element(A, [J + 2]))
may_be_deduced_from
[ for_all(K1 : integer, Fst <= K1 and K1 <= J
-> element(A, [K1]) <= element(A, [J + 1])),
element(A, [J + 1]) <= element(A, [J + 2]) ] .
bubble_sort_rule(11): for_all(K2 : integer, Fst <= K2 and K2 <= J + 1
-> element(A2, [K2]) <= element(A2, [J + 2]))
may_be_deduced_from
[ for_all(K1 : integer, Fst <= K1 and K1 <= J
-> element(A1, [K1]) <= element(A1, [J + 1])),
element(A1, [J + 1]) > element(A1, [J + 2]),
swapped(A1, A2, J + 1, J + 2) ] .
File bubble.ads:
package Bubble with SPARK_Mode is
type Arr is array (Integer range <>) of Integer;
function Sorted (A : Arr) return Boolean is
(for all I in A'First .. A'Last - 1 => A(I) <= A(I + 1))
with
Ghost,
Pre => A'Last > Integer'First;
function Bubbled (A : Arr) return Boolean is
(for all I in A'First .. A'Last - 1 => A(I) <= A(A'Last))
with
Ghost,
Pre => A'Last > Integer'First;
procedure Sort (A : in out Arr)
with
Pre => A'Last > Integer'First and A'Last < Integer'Last,
Post => Sorted (A);
end Bubble;File bubble.adb:
package body Bubble with SPARK_Mode is
procedure Sort (A : in out Arr)
is
Prev : Arr (A'Range) with Ghost;
Done : Boolean;
begin
for I in reverse A'First .. A'Last - 1 loop
Prev := A;
Done := True;
for J in A'First .. I loop
if A(J) > A(J + 1) then
declare
TMP : Integer := A(J);
begin
A(J) := A(J + 1);
A(J + 1) := TMP;
Done := False;
end;
end if;
pragma Loop_Invariant (if Done then Sorted (A(A'First .. J + 1)));
pragma Loop_Invariant (Bubbled (A(A'First .. J + 1)));
pragma Loop_Invariant (A(J + 2 .. A'Last) = Prev(J + 2 .. A'Last));
pragma Loop_Invariant (for some K in A'First .. J + 1 =>
A(J + 1) = Prev(K));
end loop;
exit when Done;
pragma Loop_Invariant (if Done then Sorted (A));
pragma Loop_Invariant (Bubbled (A(A'First .. I + 1)));
pragma Loop_Invariant (Sorted (A(I + 1 .. A'Last)));
end loop;
end Sort;
end Bubble;File main.adb:
with Ada.Integer_Text_IO;
with Bubble;
procedure Main is
A : Bubble.Arr := (5,4,6,3,7,2,8,1,9);
begin
Bubble.Sort (A);
for I in A'Range loop
Ada.Integer_Text_IO.Put (A(I));
end loop;
end Main;File bubble.gpr:
project Bubble is
for Main use ("main.adb");
end Bubble;To verify the program, execute the command: gnatprove -P bubble.gpr -j0 --level=2
File gnatprove/gnatprove.out:
Summary of SPARK analysis ========================= -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SPARK Analysis results Total Flow Interval CodePeer Provers Justified Unproved -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Data Dependencies . . . . . . . Flow Dependencies . . . . . . . Initialization 6 6 . . . . . Non-Aliasing . . . . . . . Run-time Checks 36 . . . 36 (CVC4) . . Assertions 14 . . . 14 (CVC4 64%, Z3 36%) . . Functional Contracts 7 . . . 7 (CVC4 89%, Z3 11%) . . LSP Verification . . . . . . . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 63 6 (10%) . . 57 (90%) . . Analyzed 2 units in unit bubble, 4 subprograms and packages out of 4 analyzed Bubble at bubble.ads:1 flow analyzed (0 errors, 0 checks and 0 warnings) and proved (0 checks) Bubble.Bubbled at bubble.ads:11 flow analyzed (0 errors, 0 checks and 0 warnings) and proved (3 checks) Bubble.Sort at bubble.ads:17 flow analyzed (0 errors, 0 checks and 0 warnings) and proved (50 checks) Bubble.Sorted at bubble.ads:5 flow analyzed (0 errors, 0 checks and 0 warnings) and proved (4 checks) in unit main, 0 subprograms and packages out of 1 analyzed Main at main.adb:4 skipped
Standard ML
Assumes a list of integers.
fun bubble_select [] = []
| bubble_select [a] = [a]
| bubble_select (a::b::xs) =
if b < a then b::(bubble_select(a::xs)) else a::(bubble_select(b::xs))
fun bubblesort [] = []
| bubblesort (x::xs) =bubble_select (x::(bubblesort xs))Stata
mata
function bubble_sort(a) {
n = length(a)
for (j = n; j >= 2; j--) {
q = 1
for (i = 2; i <= j; i++) {
if (a[i-1] > a[i]) {
q = 0
s = a[i-1]
a[i-1] = a[i]
a[i] = s
}
}
if (q) return
}
}
endSwift
func bubbleSort<T:Comparable>(list:inout[T]) {
var done = false
while !done {
done = true
for i in 1..<list.count {
if list[i - 1] > list[i] {
(list[i], list[i - 1]) = (list[i - 1], list[i])
done = false
}
}
}
}
var list1 = [3, 1, 7, 5, 2, 5, 3, 8, 4]
print(list1)
bubbleSort(list: &list1)
print(list1)Symsyn
x : 23 : 15 : 99 : 146 : 3 : 66 : 71 : 5 : 23 : 73 : 19
bubble_sort param index size
+ index size limit
lp
changes
- limit
index i
if i < limit
+ 1 i ip1
if base.i > base.ip1
swap base.i base.ip1
+ changes
endif
+ i
goif
endif
if changes > 0
go lp
endif
return
start
' original values : ' $r
call showvalues
call bubble_sort @x #x
' sorted values : ' $r
call showvalues
stop
showvalues
$s
i
if i < #x
"$s ' ' x.i ' '" $s
+ i
goif
endif
" $r $s " []
returnTailspin
templates bubblesort
@: $;
$::length..2:-1 -> 2..$ -> #
$@ !
when <?($@($) <..~$@($ - 1)>)> do
def temp: $@($);
@($): $@($ - 1);
@($ - 1): $temp;
end bubblesort
[4,5,3,8,1,2,6,7,9,8,5] -> bubblesort -> !OUT::writev0.5
bubblesort templates
@ set $;
$::length..2:-1 -> 2..$ -> !#
$@ !
when <|?($@($) matches <|..~$@($ - 1)>)> do
temp is $@($);
@($) set $@($ - 1);
@($ - 1) set $temp;
end bubblesort
[4,5,3,8,1,2,6,7,9,8,5] -> bubblesort !Tcl
package require Tcl 8.5
package require struct::list
proc bubblesort {A} {
set len [llength $A]
set swapped true
while {$swapped} {
set swapped false
for {set i 0} {$i < $len - 1} {incr i} {
set j [expr {$i + 1}]
if {[lindex $A $i] > [lindex $A $j]} {
struct::list swap A $i $j
set swapped true
}
}
incr len -1
}
return $A
}
puts [bubblesort {8 6 4 2 1 3 5 7 9}] ;# => 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Idiomatic code uses the builtin lsort instead, which is a stable O(n log n) sort.
Toka
Toka does not have a bubble sort predefined, but it is easy to code a simple one:
#! A simple Bubble Sort function
value| array count changed |
[ ( address count -- )
to count to array
count 0
[ count 0
[ i array array.get i 1 + array array.get 2dup >
[ i array array.put i 1 + array array.put ]
[ 2drop ] ifTrueFalse
] countedLoop
count 1 - to count
] countedLoop
] is bsort
#! Code to display an array
[ ( array count -- )
0 swap [ dup i swap array.get . ] countedLoop drop cr
] is .array
#! Create a 10-cell array
10 cells is-array foo
#! Fill it with random values
20 1 foo array.put
50 2 foo array.put
650 3 foo array.put
120 4 foo array.put
110 5 foo array.put
101 6 foo array.put
1321 7 foo array.put
1310 8 foo array.put
987 9 foo array.put
10 10 foo array.put
#! Display the array, sort it, and display it again
foo 10 .array
foo 10 bsort
foo 10 .arrayTorqueScript
//Note that we're assuming that the list of numbers is separated by tabs.
function bubbleSort(%list)
{
%ct = getFieldCount(%list);
for(%i = 0; %i < %ct; %i++)
{
for(%k = 0; %k < (%ct - %i - 1); %k++)
{
if(getField(%list, %k) > getField(%list, %k+1))
{
%tmp = getField(%list, %k);
%list = setField(%list, %k, getField(%list, %k+1));
%list = setField(%list, %k+1, %tmp);
}
}
}
return %list;
}Unicon
See Icon.
UnixPipes
rm -f _sortpass
reset() {
test -f _tosort || mv _sortpass _tosort
}
bpass() {
(read a; read b
test -n "$b" -a "$a" && (
test $a -gt $b && (reset; echo $b; (echo $a ; cat) | bpass ) || (echo $a; (echo $b ; cat) | bpass )
) || echo $a)
}
bubblesort() {
cat > _tosort
while test -f _tosort
do
cat _tosort | (rm _tosort;cat) |bpass > _sortpass
done
cat _sortpass
}
cat to.sort | bubblesortUrsala
The bubblesort function is parameterized by a relational predicate.
#import nat
bubblesort "p" = @iNX ^=T ^llPrEZryPrzPlrPCXlQ/~& @l ~&aitB^?\~&a "p"?ahthPX/~&ahPfatPRC ~&ath2fahttPCPRC
#cast %nL
example = bubblesort(nleq) <362,212,449,270,677,247,567,532,140,315>- Output:
<140,212,247,270,315,362,449,532,567,677>
Vala
void swap(int[] array, int i1, int i2) {
if (array[i1] == array[i2])
return;
var tmp = array[i1];
array[i1] = array[i2];
array[i2] = tmp;
}
void bubble_sort(int[] array) {
bool flag = true;
int j = array.length;
while(flag) {
flag = false;
for (int i = 1; i < j; i++) {
if (array[i] < array[i - 1]) {
swap(array, i - 1, i);
flag = true;
}
}
j--;
}
}
void main() {
int[] array = {5, -1, 101, -4, 0, 1, 8, 6, 2, 3};
bubble_sort(array);
foreach (int i in array)
print("%d ", i);
}- Output:
-4 -1 0 1 2 3 5 6 8 101
V (Vlang)
fn bubble(mut arr []int) {
println('Input: ${arr.str()}')
mut count := arr.len
for {
if count <= 1 {
break
}
mut has_changed := false
count--
for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
if arr[i] > arr[i + 1] {
temp := arr[i + 1]
arr[i + 1] = arr[i]
arr[i] = temp
has_changed = true
}
}
if !has_changed {
break
}
}
println('Output: ${arr.str()}')
}
fn main() {
mut arr := [3, 5, 2, 1, 4]
bubble(mut arr)
}- Output:
Input: [3, 5, 2, 1, 4] Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Wren
Based on the pseudo-code in the Wikipedia article.
var bubbleSort = Fn.new { |a|
var n = a.count
if (n < 2) return
while (true) {
var swapped = false
for (i in 1..n-1) {
if (a[i-1] > a[i]) {
var t = a[i-1]
a[i-1] = a[i]
a[i] = t
swapped = true
}
}
if (!swapped) return
}
}
var array = [ [4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782, 1], [7, 5, 2, 6, 1, 4, 2, 6, 3] ]
for (a in array) {
System.print("Before: %(a)")
bubbleSort.call(a)
System.print("After : %(a)")
System.print()
}- Output:
Before: [4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782, 1] After : [-31, 0, 1, 2, 2, 4, 65, 83, 99, 782] Before: [7, 5, 2, 6, 1, 4, 2, 6, 3] After : [1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7]
X86 Assembly
Translation of XPL0. Assemble with tasm, tlink /t
.model tiny
.code
.486
org 100h
start: mov si, offset array
mov ax, 40 ;length of array (not including $)
call bsort
mov dx, si ;point to array
mov ah, 09h ;display it as a string
int 21h
ret
array db "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs.$"
;Bubble sort: si = array addrsss, ax = number of bytes
bsort: pusha
xchg cx, ax ;get size of array N
dec cx ;for J:= N-1 downto 0
bs10: xor bx, bx ;for I:= 0 to J-1
bs20: mov ax, [bx+si]
cmp al, ah ;if A(I) > A(I+1) then
jbe bs30
xchg al, ah ; swap bytes
mov [bx+si], ax
bs30: inc bx ;next I
cmp bx, cx
jb bs20
loop bs10
popa
ret
end start- Output:
.Pabcdeefghiiijklmnoooqrstuuvwxyz
Xojo
Dim temp, count As Integer
Dim isDirty As Boolean
count = Ubound(list) // count the array size
// loop through until we don't move any numbers... this means we are sorted
Do
isDirty = False // we haven't touched anything yet
For i As Integer = 1 To count - 1 // loop through all the numbers
If list(i) > list(i + 1) Then // if the right number is smaller then the left.. swap
temp = list(i + 1)
list(i + 1) = list(i)
list(i) = temp
isDirty = True // we touched the data so mark it as dirty
End
Next
Loop Until isDirty = False // if we made it without touching the data then we are doneXPL0
include c:\cxpl\codes; \intrinsic 'code' declarations
string 0; \use zero-terminated strings
proc BSort(A, N); \Bubble sort array in ascending order
char A; \address of array
int N; \number of items in array (size)
int I, J, T;
[for J:= N-1 downto 0 do
for I:= 0 to J-1 do
if A(I) > A(I+1) then
[T:= A(I); A(I):= A(I+1); A(I+1):= T]; \swap items
]; \BSort
func StrLen(Str); \Return number of characters in an ASCIIZ string
char Str;
int I;
for I:= 0 to -1>>1-1 do
if Str(I) = 0 then return I;
char Str;
[Str:= "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs.";
BSort(Str, StrLen(Str));
Text(0, Str); CrLf(0);
]- Output:
" .Pabcdeefghiiijklmnoooqrstuuvwxyz"
Yorick
func bubblesort(&items) {
itemCount = numberof(items);
do {
hasChanged = 0;
itemCount--;
for(index = 1; index <= itemCount; index++) {
if(items(index) > items(index+1)) {
items([index,index+1]) = items([index+1,index]);
hasChanged = 1;
}
}
} while(hasChanged);
}zkl
fcn bubbleSort(list){
itemCount := list.len();
do{
hasChanged := False;
foreach index in (itemCount -= 1){
if (list[index] > list[index + 1]){
list.swap(index,index + 1);
hasChanged = True;
}
}
}while(hasChanged);
list
}Or, punting early termination:
fcn bubbleSort(list){
foreach n,index in ([list.len()-1..0,-1],n){
if (list[index] > list[index + 1]) list.swap(index,index + 1);
}
list
}bubbleSort("This is a test".split("")).println();- Output:
L(" "," "," ","T","a","e","h","i","i","s","s","s","t","t")
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