Tokenize a string
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
Separate the string "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" by commas into an array (or list) so that each element of it stores a different word. Display the words to the 'user', in the simplest manner possible, separated by a period. To simplify, you may display a trailing period.
Related tasks:
360 Assembly
<lang 360asm>* Tokenize a string - 08/06/2018 TOKSTR CSECT
USING TOKSTR,R13 base register
B 72(R15) skip savearea
DC 17F'0' savearea
SAVE (14,12) save previous context
ST R13,4(R15) link backward
ST R15,8(R13) link forward
LR R13,R15 set addressability
MVC N,=A(1) n=1
LA R7,1 i1=1
LA R6,1 i=1
DO WHILE=(C,R6,LE,LENS) do i=1 to length(s);
LA R4,S-1 @s-1
AR R4,R6 +i
MVC C,0(R4) c=substr(s,i,1)
IF CLI,C,EQ,C',' THEN if c=',' then do
BAL R14,TOK call tok
LR R2,R8 i2
SR R2,R7 i2-i1
LA R2,1(R2) i2-i1+1
L R1,N n
SLA R1,1 *2
STH R2,TALEN-2(R1) talen(n)=i2-i1+1
L R2,N n
LA R2,1(R2) n+1
ST R2,N n=n+1
LA R7,1(R6) i1=i+1
ENDIF , endif
LA R6,1(R6) i++
ENDDO , enddo i
BAL R14,TOK call tok
LR R2,R8 i2
SR R2,R7 i2-i1
LA R2,1(R2) i2-i1+1
L R1,N n
SLA R1,1 *2
STH R2,TALEN-2(R1) talen(n)=i2-i1+1
LA R11,PG pgi=@pg
LA R6,1 i=1
DO WHILE=(C,R6,LE,N) do i=1 to n
LR R1,R6 i
SLA R1,1 *2
LH R10,TALEN-2(R1) l=talen(i)
LR R1,R6 i
SLA R1,3 *8
LA R4,TABLE-8(R1) @table(i)
LR R2,R10 l
BCTR R2,0 ~
EX R2,MVCX output table(i) length(l)
AR R11,R10 pgi=pgi+l
IF C,R6,NE,N THEN if i^=n then
MVC 0(1,R11),=C'.' output '.'
LA R11,1(R11) pgi=pgi+1
ENDIF , endif
LA R6,1(R6) i++
ENDDO , enddo i
XPRNT PG,L'PG print
L R13,4(0,R13) restore previous savearea pointer
RETURN (14,12),RC=0 restore registers from calling sav
TOK LR R5,R6 i <--
BCTR R5,0 i-1 |
LR R8,R5 i2=i-1
SR R5,R7 i2-i1
LA R5,1(R5) l=i2-i1+1 source length
L R1,N n
SLA R1,3 *8
LA R2,TABLE-8(R1) @table(n)
LA R4,S-1 @s-1
AR R4,R7 @s+i1-1
LA R3,8 target length
MVCL R2,R4 table(n)=substr(s,i1,i2-i1+1) |
BR R14 End TOK subroutine <--
MVCX MVC 0(0,R11),0(R4) output table(i) S DC CL80'Hello,How,Are,You,Today' <== input string == LENS DC F'23' length(s) <== TABLE DC 8CL8' ' table(8) TALEN DC 8H'0' talen(8) C DS CL1 char N DS F number of tokens PG DC CL80' ' buffer
YREGS
END TOKSTR</lang>
- Output:
Hello.How.Are.You.Today
ACL2
<lang lisp>(defun split-at (xs delim)
(if (or (endp xs) (eql (first xs) delim))
(mv nil (rest xs))
(mv-let (before after)
(split-at (rest xs) delim)
(mv (cons (first xs) before) after))))
(defun split (xs delim)
(if (endp xs)
nil
(mv-let (before after)
(split-at xs delim)
(cons before (split after delim)))))
(defun css->strs (css)
(if (endp css)
nil
(cons (coerce (first css) 'string)
(css->strs (rest css)))))
(defun split-str (str delim)
(css->strs (split (coerce str 'list) delim)))
(defun print-with (strs delim)
(if (endp strs)
(cw "~%")
(progn$ (cw (first strs))
(cw (coerce (list delim) 'string))
(print-with (rest strs) delim))))</lang>
- Output:
> (print-with (split-str "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" #\,) #\.) Hello.How.Are.You.Today.
ActionScript
<lang actionscript>var hello:String = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"; var tokens:Array = hello.split(","); trace(tokens.join("."));
// Or as a one-liner trace("Hello,How,Are,You,Today".split(",").join("."));</lang>
Ada
<lang ada> with Ada.Text_IO, Ada.Containers.Indefinite_Vectors; use Ada.Text_IO, Ada.Containers;
procedure tokenize is
package String_Vector is new Indefinite_Vectors (Natural,String); use String_Vector; s : String := "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" & ","; current : Positive := s'First; v : Vector;
begin
for i in s'range loop
if s (i) = ',' or i = s'last then
v.append (s (current .. i-1));
current := i + 1;
end if;
end loop;
for s of v loop put(s & "."); end loop;
end tokenize; </lang>
ALGOL 68
<lang algol68>main:(
OP +:= = (REF FLEX[]STRING in out, STRING item)VOID:( [LWB in out: UPB in out+1]STRING new; new[LWB in out: UPB in out]:=in out; new[UPB new]:=item; in out := new );
PROC string split = (REF STRING beetles, STRING substr)[]STRING:(
""" Split beetles where substr is found """;
FLEX[1:0]STRING out;
INT start := 1, pos;
WHILE string in string(substr, pos, beetles[start:]) DO
out +:= STRING(beetles[start:start+pos-2]);
start +:= pos + UPB substr - 1
OD;
IF start > LWB beetles THEN
out +:= STRING(beetles[start:])
FI;
out
);
PROC char split = (REF STRING beetles, STRING chars)[]STRING: ( """ Split beetles where character is found in chars """; FLEX[1:0]STRING out; FILE beetlef; associate(beetlef, beetles); # associate a FILE handle with a STRING # make term(beetlef, chars); # make term: assign CSV string terminator #
PROC raise logical file end = (REF FILE f)BOOL: except logical file end; on logical file end(beetlef, raise logical file end);
STRING solo;
DO
getf(beetlef, ($g$, solo));
out+:=solo;
getf(beetlef, ($x$)) # skip CHAR separator #
OD;
except logical file end:
SKIP;
out
);
STRING beetles := "John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, Ringo Starr";
printf(($g"."$, string split(beetles, ", "),$l$)); printf(($g"."$, char split(beetles, ", "),$l$))
)</lang>
- Output:
John Lennon.Paul McCartney.George Harrison.Ringo Starr. John.Lennon..Paul.McCartney..George.Harrison..Ringo.Starr.
AppleScript
<lang AppleScript>on run {}
intercalate(".", splitOn(",", "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"))
end run
-- splitOn :: String -> String -> [String]
on splitOn(strDelim, strMain)
set {dlm, my text item delimiters} to {my text item delimiters, strDelim}
set lstParts to text items of strMain
set my text item delimiters to dlm
return lstParts
end splitOn
-- intercalate :: String -> [String] -> String on intercalate(strText, lstText)
set {dlm, my text item delimiters} to {my text item delimiters, strText}
set strJoined to lstText as text
set my text item delimiters to dlm
return strJoined
end intercalate</lang>
- Output:
"Hello.How.Are.You.Today"
Astro
<lang python>let text = 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today' let tokens = text.split(||,||) print tokens.join(with: '.')</lang>
AutoHotkey
<lang AutoHotkey>string := "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" stringsplit, string, string, `, loop, % string0 { msgbox % string%A_Index% }</lang>
AWK
<lang awk>BEGIN {
s = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"
split(s, arr, ",")
for(i=1; i < length(arr); i++) {
printf arr[i] "."
}
print
}</lang>
A more idiomatic way for AWK is
<lang awk>BEGIN { FS = "," } {
for(i=1; i <= NF; i++) printf $i "."; print ""
}</lang>
which "tokenize" each line of input and this is achieved by using "," as field separator
BASIC
Applesoft BASIC
<lang ApplesoftBasic>100 T$ = "HELLO,HOW,ARE,YOU,TODAY" 110 GOSUB 200"TOKENIZE 120 FOR I = 1 TO N 130 PRINT A$(I) "." ; 140 NEXT 150 PRINT 160 END
200 IF N = 0 THEN DIM A$(256) 210 N = 1 220 A$(N) = " 230 FOR TI = 1 TO LEN(T$) 240 C$ = MID$(T$, TI, 1) 250 T = C$ = "," 260 IF T THEN C$ = " 270 N = N + T 280 IF T THEN A$(N) = C$ 290 A$(N) = A$(N) + C$ 300 NEXT TI 310 RETURN</lang>
BaCon
BaCon includes extensive support for delimited strings. <lang freebasic>' Tokenize a string OPTION BASE 1
READ csv$ DATA "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"
SPLIT csv$ BY "," TO elements$ SIZE n
FOR i = 1 TO n
PRINT elements$[i] FORMAT "%s" IF i < n THEN PRINT "." FORMAT "%s"
NEXT PRINT</lang>
- Output:
prompt$ ./tokenize Hello.How.Are.You.Today
BBC BASIC
<lang bbcbasic> INSTALL @lib$+"STRINGLIB"
text$ = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"
n% = FN_split(text$, ",", array$())
FOR i% = 0 TO n%-1
PRINT array$(i%) "." ;
NEXT
PRINT</lang>
Commodore BASIC
Based on the AppleSoft BASIC version. <lang commodorebasic> 10 REM TOKENIZE A STRING ... ROSETTACODE.ORG 20 T$ = "HELLO,HOW,ARE,YOU,TODAY" 30 GOSUB 200, TOKENIZE 40 FOR I = 1 TO N 50 PRINT A$(I) "." ; 60 NEXT 70 PRINT 80 END 200 IF N = 0 THEN DIM A$(256) 210 N = 1 220 A$(N) = "" 230 FOR L = 1 TO LEN(T$) 240 C$ = MID$(T$, L, 1) 250 IF C$<>"," THEN A$(N) = A$(N) + C$: GOTO 270 260 N = N + 1 270 NEXT L 280 RETURN </lang>
Liberty BASIC
<lang lb>'Note that Liberty Basic's array usage can reach element #10 before having to DIM the array For i = 0 To 4
array$(i) = Word$("Hello,How,Are,You,Today", (i + 1), ",")
array$ = array$ + array$(i) + "."
Next i
Print Left$(array$, (Len(array$) - 1))</lang>
PowerBASIC
PowerBASIC has a few keywords that make parsing strings trivial: PARSE, PARSE$, and PARSECOUNT. (PARSE$, not shown here, is for extracting tokens one at a time, while PARSE extracts all tokens at once into an array. PARSECOUNT returns the number of tokens found.)
<lang powerbasic>FUNCTION PBMAIN () AS LONG
DIM parseMe AS STRING parseMe = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"
REDIM parsed(PARSECOUNT(parseMe) - 1) AS STRING PARSE parseMe, parsed() 'comma is default delimiter
DIM L0 AS LONG, outP AS STRING
outP = parsed(0)
FOR L0 = 1 TO UBOUND(parsed) 'could reuse parsecount instead of ubound
outP = outP & "." & parsed(L0)
NEXT
MSGBOX outP
END FUNCTION</lang>
PureBasic
As described <lang PureBasic>NewList MyStrings.s()
For i=1 To 5
AddElement(MyStrings())
MyStrings()=StringField("Hello,How,Are,You,Today",i,",")
Next i
ForEach MyStrings()
Print(MyStrings()+".")
Next</lang>
Still, easier would be <lang PureBasic>Print(ReplaceString("Hello,How,Are,You,Today",",","."))</lang>
QBasic
<lang qbasic>DIM parseMe AS STRING parseMe = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"
DIM tmpLng1 AS INTEGER, tmpLng2 AS INTEGER, parsedCount AS INTEGER tmpLng2 = 1 parsedCount = -1
'count number of tokens DO
tmpLng1 = INSTR(tmpLng2, parseMe, ",")
IF tmpLng1 THEN
parsedCount = parsedCount + 1
tmpLng2 = tmpLng1 + 1
ELSE
IF tmpLng2 < (LEN(parseMe) + 1) THEN parsedCount = parsedCount + 1
EXIT DO
END IF
LOOP
IF parsedCount > -1 THEN
REDIM parsed(parsedCount) AS STRING tmpLng2 = 1 parsedCount = -1
'parse
DO
tmpLng1 = INSTR(tmpLng2, parseMe, ",")
IF tmpLng1 THEN
parsedCount = parsedCount + 1
parsed(parsedCount) = MID$(parseMe, tmpLng2, tmpLng1 - tmpLng2)
tmpLng2 = tmpLng1 + 1
ELSE
IF tmpLng2 < (LEN(parseMe) + 1) THEN
parsedCount = parsedCount + 1
parsed(parsedCount) = MID$(parseMe, tmpLng2)
END IF
EXIT DO
END IF
LOOP
PRINT parsed(0);
FOR L0 = 1 TO parsedCount
PRINT "."; parsed(L0);
NEXT
END IF</lang>
Run BASIC
<lang runbasic>text$ = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" FOR i = 1 to 5
textArray$(i) = word$(text$,i,",") print textArray$(i);" ";
NEXT</lang>
VBScript
One liner
<lang vb>WScript.Echo Join(Split("Hello,How,Are,You,Today", ","), ".")</lang>
In fact, the Visual Basic solution (below) could have done the same, as Join() is available.
Visual Basic
Unlike PowerBASIC, there is no need to know beforehand how many tokens are in the string -- Split automagically builds the array for you.
<lang vb>Sub Main()
Dim parseMe As String, parsed As Variant parseMe = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"
parsed = Split(parseMe, ",")
Dim L0 As Long, outP As String
outP = parsed(0)
For L0 = 1 To UBound(parsed)
outP = outP & "." & parsed(L0)
Next
MsgBox outP
End Sub</lang>
Batch File
<lang dos>@echo off setlocal enabledelayedexpansion call :tokenize %1 res echo %res% goto :eof
- tokenize
set str=%~1
- loop
for %%i in (%str%) do set %2=!%2!.%%i set %2=!%2:~1! goto :eof</lang>
Demo
>tokenize.cmd "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" Hello.How.Are.You.Today
Bracmat
Solution that employs string pattern matching to spot the commas <lang bracmat>( "Hello,How,Are,You,Today":?String & :?ReverseList & whl
' ( @(!String:?element "," ?String) & !element !ReverseList:?ReverseList )
& !String:?List & whl
' ( !ReverseList:%?element ?ReverseList & (!element.!List):?List )
& out$!List )</lang> Solution that starts by evaluating the input and employs the circumstance that the comma is a list constructing binary operator and that the string does not contain any other characters that are interpreted as operators on evaluation. <lang bracmat>( get$("Hello,How,Are,You,Today",MEM):?CommaseparatedList & :?ReverseList & whl
' ( !CommaseparatedList:(?element,?CommaseparatedList) & !element !ReverseList:?ReverseList )
& !CommaseparatedList:?List & whl
' ( !ReverseList:%?element ?ReverseList & (!element.!List):?List )
& out$!List )</lang>
C
This example uses the strtok() function to separate the tokens. This function is destructive (replacing token separators with '\0'), so we have to make a copy of the string (using strdup()) before tokenizing. strdup() is not part of ANSI C, but is available on most platforms. It can easily be implemented with a combination of strlen(), malloc(), and strcpy().
<lang c>#include<string.h>
- include<stdio.h>
- include<stdlib.h>
int main(void) { char *a[5]; const char *s="Hello,How,Are,You,Today"; int n=0, nn;
char *ds=strdup(s);
a[n]=strtok(ds, ","); while(a[n] && n<4) a[++n]=strtok(NULL, ",");
for(nn=0; nn<=n; ++nn) printf("%s.", a[nn]); putchar('\n');
free(ds);
return 0; }</lang>
Another way to accomplish the task without the built-in string functions is to temporarily modify the separator character. This method does not need any additional memory, but requires the input string to be writeable. <lang c>#include<stdio.h>
typedef void (*callbackfunc)(const char *);
void doprint(const char *s) { printf("%s.", s); }
void tokenize(char *s, char delim, callbackfunc cb) { char *olds = s; char olddelim = delim; while(olddelim && *s) { while(*s && (delim != *s)) s++; *s ^= olddelim = *s; // olddelim = *s; *s = 0; cb(olds); *s++ ^= olddelim; // *s = olddelim; s++; olds = s; } }
int main(void) {
char array[] = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today";
tokenize(array, ',', doprint); return 0; }</lang>
C#
<lang csharp>string str = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"; // or Regex.Split ( "Hello,How,Are,You,Today", "," ); // (Regex is in System.Text.RegularExpressions namespace) string[] strings = str.Split(','); Console.WriteLine(String.Join(".", s)); </lang>
C++
std::getline() is typically used to tokenize strings on a single-character delimiter
<lang cpp>#include <string>
- include <sstream>
- include <vector>
- include <iterator>
- include <iostream>
- include <algorithm>
int main() {
std::string s = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today";
std::vector<std::string> v;
std::istringstream buf(s);
for(std::string token; getline(buf, token, ','); )
v.push_back(token);
copy(v.begin(), v.end(), std::ostream_iterator<std::string>(std::cout, "."));
std::cout << '\n';
}</lang>
C++ allows the user to redefine what is considered whitespace. If the delimiter is whitespace, tokenization becomes effortless.
<lang cpp>#include <string>
- include <locale>
- include <sstream>
- include <vector>
- include <iterator>
- include <iostream>
- include <algorithm>
struct comma_ws : std::ctype<char> {
static const mask* make_table() {
static std::vector<mask> v(classic_table(), classic_table() + table_size);
v[','] |= space; // comma will be classified as whitespace
return &v[0];
}
comma_ws(std::size_t refs = 0) : ctype<char>(make_table(), false, refs) {}
}; int main() {
std::string s = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"; std::istringstream buf(s); buf.imbue(std::locale(buf.getloc(), new comma_ws)); std::istream_iterator<std::string> beg(buf), end; std::vector<std::string> v(beg, end); copy(v.begin(), v.end(), std::ostream_iterator<std::string>(std::cout, ".")); std::cout << '\n';
}</lang>
The boost library has multiple options for easy tokenization.
<lang cpp>#include <string>
- include <vector>
- include <iterator>
- include <algorithm>
- include <iostream>
- include <boost/tokenizer.hpp>
int main() {
std::string s = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"; boost::tokenizer<> tok(s); std::vector<std::string> v(tok.begin(), tok.end()); copy(v.begin(), v.end(), std::ostream_iterator<std::string>(std::cout, ".")) std::cout << '\n';
}</lang>
Ceylon
<lang ceylon>shared void tokenizeAString() { value input = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"; value tokens = input.split(','.equals); print(".".join(tokens)); }</lang>
COBOL
This can be made to handle more complex cases; UNSTRING allows multiple delimiters, capture of which delimiter was used for each field, a POINTER for starting position (set on ending), along with match TALLYING.
<lang COBOL>
identification division.
program-id. tokenize.
environment division.
configuration section.
repository.
function all intrinsic.
data division.
working-storage section.
01 period constant as ".".
01 cmma constant as ",".
01 start-with.
05 value "Hello,How,Are,You,Today".
01 items.
05 item pic x(6) occurs 5 times.
procedure division.
tokenize-main.
unstring start-with delimited by cmma
into item(1) item(2) item(3) item(4) item(5)
display trim(item(1)) period trim(item(2)) period
trim(item(3)) period trim(item(4)) period
trim(item(5))
goback.
end program tokenize.
</lang>
- Output:
prompt$ cobc -xj tokenize.cob Hello.How.Are.You.Today
CoffeeScript
<lang coffeescript> arr = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today".split "," console.log arr.join "." </lang>
ColdFusion
Classic tag based CFML
<lang cfm> <cfoutput>
<cfset wordListTag = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"> #Replace( wordListTag, ",", ".", "all" )#
</cfoutput> </lang>
- Output:
"Hello.How.Are.You.Today"
Script Based CFML
<lang cfm><cfscript>
wordList = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"; splitList = replace( wordList, ",", ".", "all" ); writeOutput( splitList );
</cfscript></lang>
- Output:
"Hello.How.Are.You.Today"
Common Lisp
There are libraries out there that handle splitting (e.g., SPLIT-SEQUENCE, and the more-general CL-PPCRE), but this is a simple one-off, too. When the words are written with write-with-periods, there is no final period after the last word.
<lang lisp>(defun comma-split (string)
(loop for start = 0 then (1+ finish)
for finish = (position #\, string :start start)
collecting (subseq string start finish)
until (null finish)))
(defun write-with-periods (strings)
(format t "~{~A~^.~}" strings))</lang>
Clojure
Using native Clojure functions and Java Interop: <lang clojure>(apply str (interpose "." (.split #"," "Hello,How,Are,You,Today")))</lang>
Using the clojure.string library: <lang clojure>(clojure.string/join "." (clojure.string/split "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" #","))</lang>
D
<lang d>void main() {
import std.stdio, std.string;
"Hello,How,Are,You,Today".split(',').join('.').writeln;
}</lang>
- Output:
Hello.How.Are.You.Today
Delphi
<lang Delphi> program TokenizeString;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses
Classes;
var
tmp: TStringList; i: Integer;
begin
// Instantiate TStringList class
tmp := TStringList.Create;
try
{ Use the TStringList's CommaText property to get/set
all the strings in a single comma-delimited string }
tmp.CommaText := 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today';
{ Now loop through the TStringList and display each
token on the console }
for i := 0 to Pred(tmp.Count) do
Writeln(tmp[i]);
finally tmp.Free; end;
Readln;
end. </lang>
The result is:
<lang Delphi> Hello How Are You Today </lang>
Déjà Vu
<lang dejavu>!print join "." split "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" ","</lang>
- Output:
Hello.How.Are.You.Today
E
<lang e>".".rjoin("Hello,How,Are,You,Today".split(","))</lang>
Elena
ELENA 3.4: <lang elena>import system'routines. import extensions.
public program [
var string := "Hello,How,Are,You,Today".
string splitBy:","; forEach(:s)
[
console print(s,".")
]
]</lang>
Elixir
<lang elixir> tokens = String.split("Hello,How,Are,You,Today", ",") IO.puts Enum.join(tokens, ".") </lang>
Erlang
<lang erlang>-module(tok). -export([start/0]).
start() ->
Lst = string:tokens("Hello,How,Are,You,Today",","),
io:fwrite("~s~n", [string:join(Lst,".")]),
ok.</lang>
Euphoria
<lang euphoria>function split(sequence s, integer c)
sequence out
integer first, delim
out = {}
first = 1
while first<=length(s) do
delim = find_from(c,s,first)
if delim = 0 then
delim = length(s)+1
end if
out = append(out,s[first..delim-1])
first = delim + 1
end while
return out
end function
sequence s s = split("Hello,How,Are,You,Today", ',')
for i = 1 to length(s) do
puts(1, s[i] & ',')
end for</lang>
F#
<lang fsharp>System.String.Join(".", "Hello,How,Are,You,Today".Split(','))</lang>
Factor
<lang factor>"Hello,How,Are,You,Today" "," split "." join print</lang>
Falcon
VBA/Python programmer's approach to this solution, not sure if it's the most falconic way <lang falcon> /* created by Aykayayciti Earl Lamont Montgomery April 9th, 2018 */
a = [] a = strSplit("Hello,How,Are,You,Today", ",") index = 0 start = 0 b = "" for index in [ start : len(a)-1 : 1 ] b = b + a[index] + "." end
> b </lang>
- Output:
Hello.How.Are.You. [Finished in 0.2s]
Fantom
A string can be split on a given character, returning a list of the intervening strings.
<lang fantom> class Main {
public static Void main ()
{
str := "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"
words := str.split(',')
words.each |Str word|
{
echo ("${word}. ")
}
}
} </lang>
Forth
There is no standard string split routine, but it is easily written. The results are saved temporarily to the dictionary.
<lang forth>: split ( str len separator len -- tokens count )
here >r 2swap begin 2dup 2, \ save this token ( addr len ) 2over search \ find next separator while dup negate here 2 cells - +! \ adjust last token length 2over nip /string \ start next search past separator repeat 2drop 2drop r> here over - ( tokens length ) dup negate allot \ reclaim dictionary 2 cells / ; \ turn byte length into token count
- .tokens ( tokens count -- )
1 ?do dup 2@ type ." ." cell+ cell+ loop 2@ type ;
s" Hello,How,Are,You,Today" s" ," split .tokens \ Hello.How.Are.You.Today</lang>
Fortran
<lang fortran>PROGRAM Example
CHARACTER(23) :: str = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" CHARACTER(5) :: word(5) INTEGER :: pos1 = 1, pos2, n = 0, i
DO
pos2 = INDEX(str(pos1:), ",")
IF (pos2 == 0) THEN
n = n + 1
word(n) = str(pos1:)
EXIT
END IF
n = n + 1
word(n) = str(pos1:pos1+pos2-2)
pos1 = pos2+pos1
END DO
DO i = 1, n WRITE(*,"(2A)", ADVANCE="NO") TRIM(word(i)), "." END DO
END PROGRAM Example</lang>
Frink
<lang frink> println[join[".", split[",", "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"]]] </lang>
Gambas
Click this link to run this code <lang gambas>Public Sub Main() Dim sString As String[] = Split("Hello,How,Are,You,Today")
Print sString.Join(".")
End</lang> Output:
Hello.How.Are.You.Today
GAP
<lang gap>SplitString("Hello,How,Are,You,Today", ",");
- [ "Hello", "How", "Are", "You", "Today" ]
JoinStringsWithSeparator(last, ".");
- "Hello.How.Are.You.Today"</lang>
Go
<lang go>package main
import (
"fmt" "strings"
)
func main() {
s := "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" fmt.Println(strings.Join(strings.Split(s, ","), "."))
}</lang>
Groovy
<lang groovy>println 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today'.split(',').join('.')</lang>
Haskell
Using Data.Text
<lang haskell>{-# OPTIONS_GHC -XOverloadedStrings #-} import Data.Text (splitOn,intercalate) import qualified Data.Text.IO as T (putStrLn)
main = T.putStrLn . intercalate "." $ splitOn "," "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"</lang>
Output: Hello.How.Are.You.Today
Alternate Solution
The necessary operations are unfortunately not in the standard library (yet), but simple to write:
<lang haskell>splitBy :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> a splitBy _ [] = [] splitBy f list = first : splitBy f (dropWhile f rest) where
(first, rest) = break f list
splitRegex :: Regex -> String -> [String]
joinWith :: [a] -> a -> [a] joinWith d xs = concat $ List.intersperse d xs -- "concat $ intersperse" can be replaced with "intercalate" from the Data.List in GHC 6.8 and later
putStrLn $ joinWith "." $ splitBy (== ',') $ "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"
-- using regular expression to split: import Text.Regex putStrLn $ joinWith "." $ splitRegex (mkRegex ",") $ "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"</lang>
Tokenizing can also be realized by using unfoldr and break: <lang Haskell>*Main> mapM_ putStrLn $ takeWhile (not.null) $ unfoldr (Just . second(drop 1). break (==',')) "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" Hello How Are You Today</lang>
- You need to import the modules Data.List and Control.Arrow
As special cases, splitting / joining by white space and by newlines are provided by the Prelude functions words / unwords and lines / unlines, respectively.
HicEst
<lang hicest>CHARACTER string="Hello,How,Are,You,Today", list
nWords = INDEX(string, ',', 256) + 1 maxWordLength = LEN(string) - 2*nWords ALLOCATE(list, nWords*maxWordLength)
DO i = 1, nWords
EDIT(Text=string, SePaRators=',', item=i, WordEnd, CoPyto=CHAR(i, maxWordLength, list))
ENDDO
DO i = 1, nWords
WRITE(APPend) TRIM(CHAR(i, maxWordLength, list)), '.'
ENDDO</lang>
Icon and Unicon
<lang icon>procedure main()
A := []
"Hello,How,Are,You,Today" ? while put(A, 1(tab(upto(',')|0),=","))
every writes(!A,".")
write()
end</lang>
- Output:
->ss Hello.How.Are.You. ->
Io
<lang io>"Hello,How,Are,You,Today" split(",") join(".") println</lang>
J
<lang j> s=: 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today'
] t=: <;._1 ',',s
+-----+---+---+---+-----+ |Hello|How|Are|You|Today| +-----+---+---+---+-----+
; t,&.>'.'
Hello.How.Are.You.Today.
'.' (I.','=s)}s NB. two steps combined
Hello.How.Are.You.Today</lang>
Alternatively using the system library/script strings <lang j> require 'strings'
',' splitstring s
+-----+---+---+---+-----+ |Hello|How|Are|You|Today| +-----+---+---+---+-----+
'.' joinstring ',' splitstring s
Hello.How.Are.You.Today</lang>
splitstring and joinstring also work with longer "delimiters": <lang j> '"'([ ,~ ,) '","' joinstring ',' splitstring s "Hello","How","Are","You","Today"</lang>
But, of course, this could be solved with simple string replacement:
<lang J> rplc&',.' s Hello.How.Are.You.Today</lang>
The task asks us to Separate the string "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" by commas into an array (or list) so that each element of it stores a different word. but for many purposes the original string is an adequate data structure. Note also that given a string, a list of "word start" indices and "word length" integers can be logically equivalent to having an "array of words" -- and, depending on implementation details may be a superior or inferior choice to some other representation. But, in current definition of this task, the concept of "word length" plays no useful role.
Note also that J provides several built-in concepts of parsing: split on leading delimiter, split on trailing delimiter, split J language words. Also, it's sometimes more efficient to append to a string than to prepend to it. So a common practice for parsing on an embedded delimiter is to append a copy of the delimiter to the string and then use the appended result:
<lang J> fn;._2 string,','</lang>
Here fn is applied to each ',' delimited substring and the results are assembled into an array.
Or, factoring out the names: <lang J> fn ((;._2)(@(,&','))) string</lang>
Java
There are multiple ways to tokenize a String in Java.
The first is by splitting the String into an array of Strings. The separator is actually a regular expression so you could do very powerful things with this, but make sure to escape any characters with special meaning in regex.
<lang java5>String toTokenize = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"; System.out.println(String.join(".", toTokenize.split(",")));</lang>
<lang java5>String toTokenize = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today";
String words[] = toTokenize.split(",");//splits on one comma, multiple commas yield multiple splits
//toTokenize.split(",+") if you want to ignore empty fields
for(int i=0; i<words.length; i++) {
System.out.print(words[i] + ".");
}</lang>
The other way is to use StringTokenizer. It will skip any empty tokens. So if two commas are given in line, there will be an empty string in the array given by the split function, but no empty string with the StringTokenizer object. This method takes more code to use, but allows you to get tokens incrementally instead of all at once.
<lang java5>String toTokenize = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today";
StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(toTokenize, ","); while(tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
System.out.print(tokenizer.nextToken() + ".");
}</lang>
JavaScript
<lang javascript>alert( "Hello,How,Are,You,Today".split(",").join(".") );</lang>
jq
<lang jq>split(",") | join(".")</lang>Example:<lang sh>$ jq -r 'split(",") | join(".")' "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" Hello.How.Are.You.Today</lang>
Julia
<lang Julia> s = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" a = split(s, ",") t = join(a, ".")
println("The string \"", s, "\"") println("Splits into ", a) println("Reconstitutes to \"", t, "\"") </lang>
- Output:
The string "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"
Splits into SubString{ASCIIString}["Hello","How","Are","You","Today"]
Reconstitutes to "Hello.How.Are.You.Today"
K
<lang K>words: "," \: "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" "." /: words</lang>
- Output:
"Hello.How.Are.You.Today"
Kotlin
<lang scala>fun main(args: Array<String>) {
val input = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"
println(input.split(',').joinToString("."))
}</lang>
- Output:
Hello.How.Are.You.Today
LabVIEW
To tokenize the string, we use the Search/Split String function to split the string by its first comma. Add the beginning (up to, but not including the comma) to the end of the array, remove the first comma from the rest of the string, and pass it back through the shift register to the loop's next iteration. This is repeated until the string is empty. Printing is a simple matter of concatenation.
This image is a VI Snippet, an executable image of LabVIEW code. The LabVIEW version is shown on the top-right hand corner. You can download it, then drag-and-drop it onto the LabVIEW block diagram from a file browser, and it will appear as runnable, editable code.
LFE
<lang lisp> > (set split (string:tokens "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" ",")) ("Hello" "How" "Are" "You" "Today") > (string:join split ".") "Hello.How.Are.You.Today" </lang>
Lang5
<lang lang5>'Hello,How,Are,You,Today ', split '. join .</lang>
Lingo
<lang lingo>input = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" _player.itemDelimiter = "," output = "" repeat with i = 1 to input.item.count
put input.item[i]&"." after output
end repeat delete the last char of output put output -- "Hello.How.Are.You.Today"</lang>
Logo
<lang logo>to split :str :sep
output parse map [ifelse ? = :sep ["| |] [?]] :str
end</lang>
This form is more robust, doing the right thing if there are embedded spaces. <lang logo>to split :str :by [:acc []] [:w "||]
if empty? :str [output lput :w :acc] ifelse equal? first :str :by ~ [output (split butfirst :str :by lput :w :acc)] ~ [output (split butfirst :str :by :acc lput first :str :w)]
end</lang>
<lang logo>? show split "Hello,How,Are,You,Today ", [Hello How Are You Today]</lang>
Logtalk
Using Logtalk built-in support for Definite Clause Grammars (DCGs) and representing the strings as atoms for readbility: <lang logtalk>
- - object(spliting).
:- public(convert/2). :- mode(convert(+atom, -atom), one).
convert(StringIn, StringOut) :-
atom_chars(StringIn, CharactersIn),
phrase(split(',', Tokens), CharactersIn),
phrase(split('.', Tokens), CharactersOut),
atom_chars(StringOut, CharactersOut).
split(Separator, [t([Character| Characters])| Tokens]) -->
[Character], {Character \== Separator}, split(Separator, [t(Characters)| Tokens]).
split(Separator, [t([])| Tokens]) -->
[Separator], split(Separator, Tokens).
split(_, [t([])]) -->
[].
% the look-ahead in the next rule prevents adding a spurious separator at the end
split(_, []), [Character] -->
[Character].
- - end_object.
</lang>
- Output:
| ?- spliting::convert('Hello,How,Are,You,Today', Converted).
Converted = 'Hello.How.Are.You.Today'
yes
Lua
Split function callously stolen from the lua-users wiki <lang Lua>function string:split (sep)
local sep, fields = sep or ":", {}
local pattern = string.format("([^%s]+)", sep)
self:gsub(pattern, function(c) fields[#fields+1] = c end)
return fields
end
local str = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" print(table.concat(str:split(","), "."))</lang>
- Output:
Hello.How.Are.You.Today
M4
<lang M4>define(`s',`Hello,How,Are,You,Today') define(`set',`define(`$1[$2]',`$3')') define(`get',`defn($1[$2])') define(`n',0) define(`fill',
`set(a,n,$1)`'define(`n',incr(n))`'ifelse(eval($#>1),1,`fill(shift($@))')')
fill(s) define(`j',0) define(`show',
`ifelse(eval(j<n),1,`get(a,j).`'define(`j',incr(j))`'show')')
show</lang>
- Output:
Hello.How.Are.You.Today.
Maple
<lang Maple>StringTools:-Join(StringTools:-Split("Hello,How,Are,You,Today", ","),".");</lang>
- Output:
"Hello.How.Are.You.Today"
Mathematica
<lang Mathematica>StringRiffle[StringSplit["Hello,How,Are,You,Today", ","], "."]</lang>
MATLAB / Octave
<lang MATLAB>function tokenizeString(string,delimeter)
tokens = {};
while not(isempty(string))
[tokens{end+1},string] = strtok(string,delimeter);
end
for i = (1:numel(tokens)-1)
fprintf([tokens{i} '.'])
end
fprintf([tokens{end} '\n'])
end</lang>
- Output:
>> tokenizeString('Hello,How,Are,You,Today',',')
Hello.How.Are.You.Today
Maxima
<lang Maxima>l: split("Hello,How,Are,You,Today", ",")$ printf(true, "~{~a~^.~}~%", l)$</lang>
MAXScript
<lang maxscript>output = "" for word in (filterString "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" ",") do (
output += (word + ".")
) format "%\n" output</lang>
Mercury
<lang>
- - module string_tokenize.
- - interface.
- - import_module io.
- - pred main(io::di, io::uo) is det.
- - implementation.
- - import_module list, string.
main(!IO) :-
Tokens = string.split_at_char((','), "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"),
io.write_list(Tokens, ".", io.write_string, !IO),
io.nl(!IO).</lang>
MMIX
<lang mmix>sep IS ',' EOS IS 0 NL IS 10
// main registers p IS $255 tp GREG c GREG t GREG
LOC Data_Segment GREG @ Text BYTE "Hello,How,Are,You,Today",EOS token BYTE 0 eot IS @+255
LOC #100 % main () { Main LDA p,Text % LDA tp,token % initialize pointers 2H LDBU c,p % DO get char BZ c,5F % break if char == EOS CMP t,c,sep % if char != sep then PBNZ t,3F % store char SET t,NL % terminate token with NL,EOS STBU t,tp SET t,EOS INCL tp,1 STBU t,tp JMP 4F % continue
3H STBU c,tp % store char 4H INCL tp,1 % update pointers INCL p,1 JMP 2B % LOOP
5H SET t,NL % terminate last token and buffer STBU t,tp SET t,EOS INCL tp,1 STBU t,tp % next part is not really necessary % program runs only once % INCL tp,1 % terminate buffer % STBU t,tp
LDA tp,token % reset token pointer % REPEAT 2H ADD p,tp,0 % start of token TRAP 0,Fputs,StdOut % output token ADD tp,tp,p INCL tp,1 % step to next token LDBU t,tp PBNZ t,2B % UNTIL EOB(uffer) TRAP 0,Halt,0</lang>
- Output:
~/MIX/MMIX/Progs> mmix tokenizing Hello How Are You Today
Modula-3
<lang modula3>MODULE Tokenize EXPORTS Main;
IMPORT IO, TextConv;
TYPE Texts = REF ARRAY OF TEXT;
VAR tokens: Texts;
string := "Hello,How,Are,You,Today";
sep := SET OF CHAR {','};
BEGIN
tokens := NEW(Texts, TextConv.ExplodedSize(string, sep));
TextConv.Explode(string, tokens^, sep);
FOR i := FIRST(tokens^) TO LAST(tokens^) DO
IO.Put(tokens[i] & ".");
END;
IO.Put("\n");
END Tokenize.</lang>
MUMPS
<lang MUMPS>TOKENS
NEW I,J,INP SET INP="Hello,how,are,you,today" NEW I FOR I=1:1:$LENGTH(INP,",") SET INP(I)=$PIECE(INP,",",I) NEW J FOR J=1:1:I WRITE INP(J) WRITE:J'=I "." KILL I,J,INP // Kill is optional. "New" variables automatically are killed on "Quit" QUIT</lang>
In use:
USER>D TOKENS^ROSETTA Hello.how.are.you.today
Nemerle
<lang Nemerle>using System; using System.Console; using Nemerle.Utility.NString;
module Tokenize {
Main() : void
{
def cswords = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today";
WriteLine(Concat(".", $[s | s in cswords.Split(',')]));
// Split() produces an array while Concat() consumes a list
// a quick in place list comprehension takes care of that
}
}</lang>
NetRexx
<lang NetRexx>/*NetRexx program *****************************************************
- 20.08.2012 Walter Pachl derived from REXX Version 3
- /
sss='Hello,How,Are,You,Today'
Say 'input string='sss
Say
Say 'Words in the string:'
ss =sss.translate(' ',',')
Loop i=1 To ss.words()
Say ss.word(i)'.'
End
Say 'End-of-list.'</lang>
Output as in REXX version
NewLISP
<lang NewLISP>(print (join (parse "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" ",") "."))</lang>
Nial
Example for Q'Nial7, using set "nodecor and set "diagram switches for better display of the array structure:
Define Array with input string:
<lang Nial> s := 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today' +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |H|e|l|l|o|,|H|o|w|,|A|r|e|,|Y|o|u|,|T|o|d|a|y| +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+</lang>
Split string at the commas:
<lang Nial> t := s eachall = `, cut s +-----------+-------+-------+-------+-----------+ |+-+-+-+-+-+|+-+-+-+|+-+-+-+|+-+-+-+|+-+-+-+-+-+| ||H|e|l|l|o|||H|o|w|||A|r|e|||Y|o|u|||T|o|d|a|y|| |+-+-+-+-+-+|+-+-+-+|+-+-+-+|+-+-+-+|+-+-+-+-+-+| +-----------+-------+-------+-------+-----------+</lang>
Join string with . and remove last .
<lang Nial> u := front content (cart t `.) +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |H|e|l|l|o|.|H|o|w|.|A|r|e|.|Y|o|u|.|T|o|d|a|y| +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+</lang>
Less cluttered display, using set "sketch;set "nodecor display switches.
<lang Nial> s:='Hello,How,Are,You,Today' Hello,How,Are,You,Today
t:= s eachall = `, cut s
+-----+---+---+---+-----+ |Hello|How|Are|You|Today| +-----+---+---+---+-----+
u:=front content (cart t `.)
Hello.How.Are.You.Today</lang>
Nim
<lang nim>import strutils
let text = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" let tokens = text.split(',') echo tokens.join(" ")</lang>
Objeck
<lang objeck> class Parse {
function : Main(args : String[]) ~ Nil {
tokens := "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"->Split(",");
each(i : tokens) {
tokens[i]->PrintLine();
};
}
}</lang>
Objective-C
<lang objc>NSString *text = @"Hello,How,Are,You,Today"; NSArray *tokens = [text componentsSeparatedByString:@","]; NSString *result = [tokens componentsJoinedByString:@"."]; NSLog(result);</lang>
OCaml
To split on a single-character separator: <lang ocaml>let words = String.split_on_char ',' "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" in String.concat "." words </lang>
The function split_on_char has been introduced in OCaml 4.04. In previous versions, it could be implemented by:
<lang ocaml>let split_on_char sep s =
let r = ref [] in
let j = ref (String.length s) in
for i = String.length s - 1 downto 0 do
if s.[i] = sep then begin
r := String.sub s (i + 1) (!j - i - 1) :: !r;
j := i
end
done;
String.sub s 0 !j :: !r</lang>
Oforth
<lang Oforth>"Hello,How,Are,You,Today" wordsWith(',') println</lang>
- Output:
[Hello, How, Are, You, Today]
ooRexx
<lang ooRexx>text='Hello,How,Are,You,Today' do while text \=
parse var text word1 ',' text call charout 'STDOUT:',word1'.'
end</lang>
- Output:
Hello.How.Are.You.Today.
OpenEdge/Progress
<lang progress>FUNCTION tokenizeString RETURNS CHAR (
i_c AS CHAR
):
DEF VAR ii AS INT. DEF VAR carray AS CHAR EXTENT. DEF VAR cresult AS CHAR.
EXTENT( carray ) = NUM-ENTRIES( i_c ).
DO ii = 1 TO NUM-ENTRIES( i_c ):
carray[ ii ] = ENTRY( ii, i_c ).
END.
DO ii = 1 TO EXTENT( carray ).
cresult = cresult + "." + carray[ ii ].
END.
RETURN SUBSTRING( cresult, 2 ).
END FUNCTION. /* tokenizeString */
MESSAGE
tokenizeString( "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" )
VIEW-AS ALERT-BOX.</lang>
- Output:
--------------------------- Message --------------------------- Hello.How.Are.You.Today --------------------------- OK ---------------------------
Oz
<lang oz>for T in {String.tokens "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" &,} do
{System.printInfo T#"."}
end</lang>
PARI/GP
Version #1.
Simple version, like the most custom ones here (for this task). This version has 1 character delimiter, which is not allowed in the beginning and at the end of string, in addition, double, triple, etc., delimiters are not allowed too.
<lang parigp> \\ Tokenize a string str according to 1 character delimiter d. Return a list of tokens. \\ Using ssubstr() from http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Substring#PARI.2FGP \\ tokenize() 3/5/16 aev tokenize(str,d)={ my(str=Str(str,d),vt=Vecsmall(str),d1=sasc(d),Lr=List(),sn=#str,v1,p1=1); for(i=p1,sn, v1=vt[i]; if(v1==d1, listput(Lr,ssubstr(str,p1,i-p1)); p1=i+1)); return(Lr); }
{ \\ TEST print(" *** Testing tokenize from Version #1:"); print("1.", tokenize("Hello,How,Are,You,Today",",")); \\ BOTH 2 & 3 are NOT OK!! print("2.",tokenize("Hello,How,Are,You,Today,",",")); print("3.",tokenize(",Hello,,How,Are,You,Today",",")); } </lang>
- Output:
*** Testing tokenize from Version #1: 1.List(["Hello", "How", "Are", "You", "Today"]) 2.List(["Hello", "How", "Are", "You", "Today", ","]) 3.List([",Hello,,How,Are,You,Today,", "Hello", ",How,Are,You,Today,", "How", "Ar e", "You", "Today"])
Version #2.
Advanced version. Delimiter is allowed in any place. In addition, multiple delimiters are allowed too. This is really useful for considering omitted data. This version can be used for positional parameters processing, or for processing data from tables with string rows.
<lang parigp> \\ Tokenize a string str according to 1 character delimiter d. Return a list of tokens. \\ Using ssubstr() from http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Substring#PARI.2FGP \\ stok() 3/5/16 aev stok(str,d)={ my(d1c=ssubstr(d,1,1),str=Str(str,d1c),vt=Vecsmall(str),d1=sasc(d1c),
Lr=List(),sn=#str,v1,p1=1,vo=32);
if(sn==1, return(List(""))); if(vt[sn-1]==d1,sn--); for(i=1,sn, v1=vt[i];
if(v1!=d1, vo=v1; next); if(vo==d1||i==1, listput(Lr,""); p1=i+1; vo=v1; next); if(i-p1>0, listput(Lr,ssubstr(str,p1,i-p1)); p1=i+1); vo=v1; );
return(Lr); }
{ \\ TEST print(" *** Testing stok from Version #2:"); \\ pp - positional parameter(s) print("1. 5 pp: ", stok("Hello,How,Are,You,Today",",")); print("2. 5 pp: ", stok("Hello,How,Are,You,Today,",",")); print("3. 9 pp: ", stok(",,Hello,,,How,Are,You,Today",",")); print("4. 6 pp: ", stok(",,,,,,",",")); print("5. 1 pp: ", stok(",",",")); print("6. 1 pp: ", stok("Hello-o-o??",",")); print("7. 0 pp: ", stok("",",")); } </lang>
- Output:
*** Testing stok from Version #2: 1. 5 pp: List(["Hello", "How", "Are", "You", "Today"]) 2. 5 pp: List(["Hello", "How", "Are", "You", "Today"]) 3. 9 pp: List(["", "", "Hello", "", "", "How", "Are", "You", "Today"]) 4. 6 pp: List(["", "", "", "", "", ""]) 5. 1 pp: List([""]) 6. 1 pp: List(["Hello-o-o??"]) 7. 0 pp: List([""])
Pascal
<lang pascal>program TokenizeString;
{$mode objfpc}{$H+}
uses
SysUtils, Classes;
const
TestString = 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today';
var
Tokens: TStringList; I: Integer;
begin
// Uses FCL facilities, "harder" algorithm not implemented
Tokens := TStringList.Create;
try
Tokens.Delimiter := ',';
Tokens.DelimitedText := TestString;
Tokens.Delimiter := '.'; // For example
// To standard Output
WriteLn(Format('Tokenize from: "%s"', [TestString]));
WriteLn(Format('to: "%s"',[Tokens.DelimitedText]));
finally
Tokens.Free;
end;
end.</lang>
The result is:
Tokenize from: "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" to: "Hello.How.Are.You.Today"
Perl
<lang perl>print join('.', split /,/, 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today'), "\n";</lang> CLI one-liner form: <lang perl>echo "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" | perl -aplF/,/ -e '$" = "."; $_ = "@F";'</lang> which is a compact way of telling Perl to do <lang perl>BEGIN { $/ = "\n"; $\ = "\n"; } LINE: while (defined($_ = <ARGV>)) {
chomp $_; our(@F) = split(/,/, $_, 0); $" = '.'; $_ = "@F";
} continue {
die "-p destination: $!\n" unless print $_;
}</lang>
Perl 6
<lang perl6>'Hello,How,Are,You,Today'.split(',').join('.').say;</lang>
Or with function calls:
<lang perl6>say join '.', split ',', 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today';</lang>
Phix
<lang Phix>?join(split("Hello,How,Are,You,Today",","),".")</lang>
- Output:
"Hello.How.Are.You.Today"
PHP
<lang php><?php $str = 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today'; echo implode('.', explode(',', $str)); ?></lang>
PicoLisp
<lang PicoLisp>(mapcar pack
(split (chop "Hello,How,Are,You,Today") ",") )</lang>
Pike
<lang pike>("Hello,How,Are,You,Today" / ",") * ".";</lang>
PL/I
<lang pli>tok: Proc Options(main); declare s character (100) initial ('Hello,How,Are,You,Today'); declare n fixed binary (31);
n = tally(s, ',')+1;
begin;
declare table(n) character (50) varying; declare c character (1); declare (i, k) fixed binary (31);
table = ; k = 1;
do i = 1 to length(s);
c = substr(s, i, 1);
if c = ',' then k = k + 1;
else table(k) = table(k) || c;
end;
/* display the table */ table = table || '.'; put skip list (string(table));
end; end;</lang>
- Output:
Hello.How.Are.You.Today
Pop11
The natural solution in Pop11 uses lists.
There are built in libraries for tokenising strings, illustrated below, along with code that the user could create for the task.
First show the use of sysparse_string to break up a string and make a list of strings.
<lang pop11>;;; Make a list of strings from a string using space as separator lvars list; sysparse_string('the cat sat on the mat') -> list;
- print the list of strings
list =>
- [the cat sat on the mat]</lang>
By giving it an extra parameter 'true' we can make it recognize numbers and produce a list of strings and numbers
<lang pop11>lvars list; sysparse_string('one 1 two 2 three 3 four 4', true) -> list;
- print the list of strings and numbers
list =>
- [one 1 two 2 three 3 four 4]
- check that first item is a string and second an integer
isstring(list(1))=>
- <true>
isinteger(list(2))=>
- <true></lang>
Now show some uses of the built in procedure sys_parse_string, which allows more options:
<lang pop11>;;; Make pop-11 print strings with quotes true -> pop_pr_quotes;
- Create a string of tokens using comma as token separator
lvars str='Hello,How,Are,You,Today';
- Make a list of strings by applying sys_parse_string
- to str, using the character `,` as separator (the default
- separator, if none is provided, is the space character).
lvars strings; [% sys_parse_string(str, `,`) %] -> strings;
- print the list of strings
strings =>
- ['Hello' 'How' 'Are' 'You' 'Today']</lang>
If {% ... %} were used instead of [% ... %] the result would be a vector (i.e. array) of strings rather than a list of strings.
<lang pop11>{% sys_parse_string(str, `,`) %} -> strings;
- print the vector
strings =>
- {'Hello' 'How' 'Are' 'You' 'Today'}</lang>
It is also possible to give sys_parse_string a 'conversion' procedure, which is applied to each of the tokens. E.g. it could be used to produce a vector of numbers, using the conversion procedure 'strnumber', which converts a string to a number:
<lang pop11>lvars numbers; {% sys_parse_string('100 101 102 103 99.9 99.999', strnumber) %} -> numbers;
- the result is a vector containing integers and floats,
- which can be printed thus
numbers =>
- {100 101 102 103 99.9 99.999}</lang>
Using lower level pop-11 facilities to tokenise the string:
<lang pop11>;;; Declare and initialize variables lvars str='Hello,How,Are,You,Today';
- Iterate over string
lvars ls = [], i, j = 1; for i from 1 to length(str) do
;;; If comma
if str(i) = `,` then
;;; Prepend word (substring) to list
cons(substring(j, i - j, str), ls) -> ls;
i + 1 -> j;
endif;
endfor;
- Prepend final word (if needed)
if j <= length(str) then
cons(substring(j, length(str) - j + 1, str), ls) -> ls;
endif;
- Reverse the list
rev(ls) -> ls;</lang>
Since the task requires to use array we convert list to array
<lang pop11>;;; Put list elements and lenght on the stack destlist(ls);
- Build a vector from them
lvars ar = consvector();
- Display in a loop, putting trailing period
for i from 1 to length(ar) do
printf(ar(i), '%s.');
endfor; printf('\n');</lang>
We could use list directly for printing:
<lang pop11>for i in ls do
printf(i, '%s.');
endfor;</lang>
so the conversion to vector is purely to satisfy task formulation.
PowerShell
<lang powershell>$words = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today".Split(',') [string]::Join('.', $words)</lang>
<lang powershell>$words = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" -split ',' $words -join '.'</lang>
The StringSplitOptions enumeration weeds out the return of empty elements. <lang PowerShell> "Hello,How,Are,You,Today", ",,Hello,,Goodbye,," | ForEach-Object {($_.Split(',',[StringSplitOptions]::RemoveEmptyEntries)) -join "."} </lang>
- Output:
Hello.How.Are.You.Today Hello.Goodbye
Prolog
<lang prolog>splitup(Sep,[token(B)|BL]) --> splitup(Sep,B,BL). splitup(Sep,[A|AL],B) --> [A], {\+ [A] = Sep }, splitup(Sep,AL,B). splitup(Sep,[],[B|BL]) --> Sep, splitup(Sep,B,BL). splitup(_Sep,[],[]) --> []. start :-
phrase(splitup(",",Tokens),"Hello,How,Are,You,Today"),
phrase(splitup(".",Tokens),Backtogether),
string_to_list(ABack,Backtogether),
writeln(ABack).</lang>
- Output:
?- start. Hello.How.Are.You.Today
Using the SWI Prolog string data type and accompanying predicates, this can be accomplished in a few lines in the top level:
<lang prolog> ?- split_string("Hello,How,Are,You,Today", ",", "", Split), | atomics_to_string(Split, ".", PeriodSeparated), | writeln(PeriodSeparated). Hello.How.Are.You.Today </lang>
Python
<lang python>text = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" tokens = text.split(',') print ('.'.join(tokens))</lang>
Or if interpretation of the task description means you don't need to keep an intermediate array: <lang python>print ('.'.join('Hello,How,Are,You,Today'.split(',')))</lang>
Q
<lang Q>words: "," vs "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" "." sv words</lang>
- Output:
"Hello.How.Are.You.Today"
R
<lang R>text <- "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" junk <- strsplit(text, split=",") print(paste(unlist(junk), collapse="."))</lang>
or the one liner
<lang R>paste(unlist(strsplit(text, split=",")), collapse=".")</lang>
Racket
<lang racket>
- lang racket
(string-join (string-split "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" ",") ".")
- -> "Hello.How.Are.You.Today"
</lang>
Raven
<lang raven>'Hello,How,Are,You,Today' ',' split '.' join print</lang>
REBOL
<lang REBOL>print ["Original:" original: "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"] tokens: parse original "," dotted: "" repeat i tokens [append dotted rejoin [i "."]] print ["Dotted: " dotted]</lang>
- Output:
Original: Hello,How,Are,You,Today Dotted: Hello.How.Are.You.Today.
Red
<lang Red>str: "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" >> tokens: split str "," >> probe tokens ["Hello" "How" "Are" "You" "Today"]
>> periods: replace/all form tokens " " "." ;The word FORM converts the list series to a string removing quotes. >> print periods ;then REPLACE/ALL spaces with period Hello.How.Are.You.Today</lang>
Retro
<lang Retro>{{
: char ( -$ ) " " ; : tokenize ( $-$$ ) @char ^strings'splitAtChar withLength 1- over + 0 swap ! tempString ; : action ( $- ) keepString ^buffer'add ;
---reveal---
: split ( $cb- ) ^buffer'set !char char ^strings'append [ tokenize action dup 1 <> ] while drop ^buffer'get drop ;
}}</lang>
This will suffice to split a string into an array of substrings. It is used like this:
<lang Retro>create strings 100 allot "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" ', strings split</lang>
Since the buffer' vocabulary creates a zero-terminated buffer, we can display it using the each@ combinator and a simple quote:
<lang Retro>strings [ @ "%s." puts ] ^types'STRING each@</lang>
REXX
version 1
This REXX version doesn't append a period to the last word in the list. <lang rexx>/*REXX program separates a string of comma-delimited words, and echoes. */ sss = 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today' /*words seperated by commas (,). */ say 'input string =' sss /*display the original string. */ new=sss /*make a copy of the string. */
/* [↓] string NEW is destroyed. */ do items=1 until new== /*keep going until NEW is empty.*/ parse var new a.items ',' new /*parse words delinated by comma.*/ end /*items*/ /* [↑] the array is named A. */
say; say 'Words in the string:' /*display a header for the list. */
do j=1 for items /*now, display all the words. */
say a.j || left('.', j\==items) /*append period to word, maybe. */
end /*j*/ /* [↑] don't append "." if last.*/
say 'End-of-list.' /*display a trailer for the list.*/
/*stick a fork in it, we're done.*/</lang>
- Output:
input string = Hello,How,Are,You,Today Words in the string: Hello. How. Are. You. Today End-of-list.
version 2
<lang rexx>/*REXX program to separate a string of comma-delimited words and echo */ sss='Hello,How,Are,You,Today' say 'input string='sss say say 'Words in the string:' ss =translate(sss,' ',',') Do i=1 To words(ss)
say word(ss,i)'.' End
say 'End-of-list.'</lang> output is almost identical to REXX version 1.
Ring
<lang ring> see substr("Hello,How,Are,You,Today", ",", ".") </lang>
Ruby
<lang ruby>puts "Hello,How,Are,You,Today".split(',').join('.')</lang>
Rust
<lang rust>fn main() {
let s = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today";
let tokens: Vec<&str> = s.split(",").collect();
println!("{}", tokens.join("."));
}</lang>
S-lang
<lang S-lang>variable a = strchop("Hello,How,Are,You,Today", ',', 0); print(strjoin(a, "."));</lang>
- Output:
"Hello.How.Are.You.Today"
Scala
<lang scala>println("Hello,How,Are,You,Today" split "," mkString ".")</lang>
Scheme
<lang scheme>(use-modules (ice-9 regex)) (define s "Hello,How,Are,You,Today") (define words (map match:substring (list-matches "[^,]+" s)))
(do ((n 0 (+ n 1))) ((= n (length words)))
(display (list-ref words n))
(if (< n (- (length words) 1))
(display ".")))</lang>
(with SRFI 13) <lang scheme>(define s "Hello,How,Are,You,Today") (define words (string-tokenize s (char-set-complement (char-set #\,)))) (define t (string-join words "."))</lang>
<lang Scheme>(print
(string-join (string-split "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" #\,) ".")) </lang>
- Output:
Hello.How.Are.You.Today
Seed7
<lang seed7>var array string: tokens is 0 times "";
tokens := split("Hello,How,Are,You,Today", ",");</lang>
Self
<lang self>| s = 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today' | ((s splitOn: ',') joinUsing: '.') printLine. </lang>
Sidef
<lang ruby>'Hello,How,Are,You,Today'.split(',').join('.').say;</lang>
Slate
<lang slate>('Hello,How,Are,You,Today' splitWith: $,) join &separator: '.'.</lang>
Smalltalk
<lang smalltalk>|array | array := 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today' subStrings: $,. array fold: [:concatenation :string | concatenation, '.', string ]</lang>
Some implementations also have a join: convenience method that allows the following shorter solution:
<lang smalltalk>('Hello,How,Are,You,Today' subStrings: $,) join: '.'</lang>
The solution displaying a trailing period would be:
<lang smalltalk>|array | array := 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today' subStrings: $,. array inject: into: [:concatenation :string | concatenation, string, '.' ]</lang>
SNOBOL4
For this task, it's convenient to define Perl-style split( ) and join( ) functions.
<lang SNOBOL4> define('split(chs,str)i,j,t,w2') :(split_end) split t = table() sp1 str pos(0) (break(chs) | rem) $ t + span(chs) (break(chs) | ) . w2 = w2 :s(sp1)
- t = differ(str,) str ;* Uncomment for CSnobol
split = array(i)
sp2 split<j = j + 1> = t<j> :s(sp2)f(return) split_end
define('join(ch,a)i,') :(join_end)
join join = join a
join = join ?a ch :s(join)f(return)
join_end
- # Test and display
output = join('.',split(',','Hello,How,Are,You,Today'))
end</lang>
- Output:
Hello.How.Are.You.Today
Standard ML
<lang sml>val splitter = String.tokens (fn c => c = #","); val main = (String.concatWith ".") o splitter;</lang>
Test:
<lang sml>- main "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" val it = "Hello.How.Are.You.Today" : string</lang>
Swift
<lang swift>let text = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" let tokens = text.components(separatedBy: ",") // for single or multi-character separator print(tokens) let result = tokens.joined(separator: ".") print(result)</lang>
<lang swift>let text = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" let tokens = text.characters.split(",").map{String($0)} // for single-character separator print(tokens) let result = tokens.joinWithSeparator(".") print(result)</lang>
<lang swift>let text = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" let tokens = split(text, { $0 == "," }) // for single-character separator println(tokens) let result = ".".join(tokens) println(result)</lang>
For multi-character separators:<lang swift>import Foundation
let text = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" let tokens = text.componentsSeparatedByString(",") print(tokens)</lang>
Tcl
Generating a list form a string by splitting on a comma: <lang tcl>split $string ","</lang>
Joining the elements of a list by a period: <lang tcl>join $list "."</lang>
Thus the whole thing would look like this: <lang tcl>puts [join [split "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" ","] "."]</lang>
If you'd like to retain the list in a variable with the name "words", it would only be marginally more complex: <lang tcl>puts [join [set words [split "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" ","]] "."]</lang>
(In general, the regexp command is also used in Tcl for tokenization of strings, but this example does not need that level of complexity.)
tr
tr knows nothing about arrays, so this solution only changes each comma to a period.
<lang bash>echo 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today' | tr ',' '.'</lang>
TUSCRIPT
<lang tuscript> $$ MODE TUSCRIPT SET string="Hello,How,Are,You,Today" SET string=SPLIT (string,":,:") SET string=JOIN (string,".") </lang>
TXR
Collecting tokens which consist of non-empty sequences of non-commas.
<lang txr>@(next :list "Hello,How,Are,You,Today") @(coll)@{token /[^,]+/}@(end) @(output) @(rep)@token.@(last)@token@(end) @(end)</lang>
Different approach. Collect tokens, each of which is a piece of text which either terminates before a comma, or else extends to the end of the line.
<lang txr>@(next :list "Hello,How,Are,You,Today") @(coll)@(maybe)@token,@(or)@token@(end)@(end) @(output) @(rep)@token.@(last)@token@(end) @(end)</lang>
Using TXR Lisp:
<lang bash>txr -p '(cat-str (split-str "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" ",") ".")' Hello.How.Are.You.Today</lang>
UNIX Shell
<lang bash>string='Hello,How,Are,You,Today'
(IFS=,
printf '%s.' $string echo)</lang>
<lang bash>#! /bin/bash stripchar-l ()
- removes the specified character from the left side of the string
- USAGE: stripchar "stuff" "s" --> tuff
{
string="$1";
string=${string#"$2"};
echo "$string"
}
join ()
- join a string of characters on a specified delimiter
- USAGE: join "1;2;3;4" ";" "," --> 1,2,3,4
{
local result="";
local list="$1";
OLDIFS="$IFS";
local IFS=${2-" "};
local output_field_seperator=${3-" "};
for element in $list;
do
result="$result$output_field_seperator$element";
done;
result="`stripchar-l "$result" "$output_field_seperator"`";
echo "$result";
IFS="$OLDIFS"
}
split () {
- split a string of characters on a specified delimiter
- USAGE: split "1;2;3;4" ";" --> 1 2 3 4
local list="$1";
local input_field_seperator=${2-" "};
local output_field_seperator=" ";
#defined in terms of join
join "$list" "$input_field_seperator" "$output_field_seperator"
}
strtokenize () {
- splits up a string of characters into tokens,
- based on a user supplied delimiter
- USAGE:strtokenize "1;2;3;4" ";" ":" --> 1:2:3:4
local list="$1";
local input_delimiter=${2-" "}; local output_delimiter=${3-" "}; local contains_a_space=" "; #added to highlight the use
#of " " as an argument to join #splits it input then joins it with a user supplied delimiter join "$( split "$list" "$input_delimiter" )" \ "$contains_a_space" "$output_delimiter";
}</lang>
Example
<lang bash> strtokenize "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" "," "."
Hello.How.Are.You.Today </lang>
<lang sh> string1="Hello,How,Are,You,Today" elements_quantity=$(echo $string1|tr "," "\n"|wc -l)
present_element=1 while [ $present_element -le $elements_quantity ];do echo $string1|cut -d "," -f $present_element|tr -d "\n" if [ $present_element -lt $elements_quantity ];then echo -n ".";fi present_element=$(expr $present_element + 1) done echo
- or to cheat
echo "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"|tr "," "."</lang>
UnixPipes
<lang bash>token() {
(IFS=, read -r A B; echo "$A".; test -n "$B" && (echo "$B" | token))
}
echo "Hello,How,Are,You" | token</lang>
Ursa
<lang ursa>decl string text set text "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" decl string<> tokens set tokens (split text ",") for (decl int i) (< i (size tokens)) (inc i)
out tokens "." console
end for out endl console</lang>
Ursala
A list of strings is made by separating at the commas using the library function, sep. A single string is then made by joining the list of strings with periods using the library function, mat. Each of these is a second order function parameterized by the delimiter. Character literals are preceded by a backquote. <lang Ursala>#import std
token_list = sep`, 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today'
- cast %s
main = mat`. token_list</lang>
- Output:
'Hello.How.Are.You.Today'
Vala
<lang vala>// declare test string string s = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"; // create array of strings, could use var words instead if desired string[] words = s.split(","); // create string by joining array of strings with . string joined = string.joinv(".", words);</lang>
VBA
<lang vb>Sub Main() Dim temp() As String
temp = Tokenize("Hello,How,Are,You,Today", ",")
Display temp, Space(5)
End Sub
Private Function Tokenize(strS As String, sep As String) As String()
Tokenize = Split(strS, sep)
End Function
Private Sub Display(arr() As String, sep As String)
Debug.Print Join(arr, sep)
End Sub</lang>
- Output:
Hello How Are You Today
VBScript
<lang vb> s = "Hello,How,Are,You,Today" WScript.StdOut.Write Join(Split(s,","),".") </lang>
- Output:
Hello.How.Are.You.Today
Vedit macro language
Vedit does not use the concepts of array or list. Normally, the text is processed as text in an edit buffer.
However, this example shows how to split the text into multiple text registers (10, 11, 12 etc.). The contents of each text register is then displayed to user, separated by a period.
<lang vedit>Buf_Switch(Buf_Free) Ins_Text("Hello,How,Are,You,Today")
// Split the text into text registers 10, 11, ... BOF
- 1 = 9
Repeat(ALL) {
#1++
#2 = Cur_Pos
Search(",", ADVANCE+ERRBREAK)
Reg_Copy_Block(#1, #2, Cur_Pos-1)
} Reg_Copy_Block(#1, #2, EOB_Pos)
// Display the list for (#3 = 10; #3 <= #1; #3++) {
Reg_Type(#3) Message(".")
}
Buf_Quit(OK)</lang>
WinBatch
<lang WinBatch>text = 'Hello,How,Are,You,Today' result = BoxOpen('WinBatch Tokenizing Example', ) for ix = 1 to itemcount(text,',')
result = result : itemextract(ix, text, ',') : '.' BoxText(result)
next display(10, 'End of Program', 'Dialog and program will close momentarily.') BoxShut()</lang>
- Output:
Hello.How.Are.You.Today.
Wortel
<lang wortel>@join "." @split "," "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"</lang> Returns
"Hello.How.Are.You.Today"
XPath 2.0
<lang XPath>string-join(tokenize("Hello,How,Are,You,Today", ","), ".")</lang>
- Output:
Hello.How.Are.You.Today
XPL0
<lang XPL0>string 0; include c:\cxpl\codes; int I, J, K, Char; char String, Array(5,6); \5 words and 5 maximum chars + terminating 0
[String:= "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"; I:= 0; K:= 0; repeat J:= 0;
loop [Char:= String(I);
I:= I+1;
if Char=^, or Char=0 then quit;
Array(K,J):= Char;
J:= J+1;
];
Array(K,J):= 0; \terminate word
K:= K+1; \next word in array
until K>=5; for K:= 4 downto 0 do [Text(0, addr Array(K,0)); ChOut(0, ^.)]; CrLf(0); ]</lang>
The 'addr' operator is used to fetch the 32-bit address of Array rather than a byte from the character array.
Output (done in reverse order to emphasize the tokens are indeed separate):
Today.You.Are.How.Hello.
Yabasic
<lang Yabasic>dim s$(1)
n = token("Hello. How are you today?", s$(), ".? ")
for i = 1 to n print s$(i); if i < n print "."; next print</lang>
zkl
<lang zkl>"Hello,How,Are,You,Today".split(",").concat(".").println(); Hello.How.Are.You.Today</lang>
Zsh
<lang zsh>str='Hello,How,Are,You,Today' tokens=(${(s:,:)str}) print ${(j:.:)tokens}</lang>
Or, using SH_SPLIT_WORD:
<lang zsh>str='Hello,How,Are,You,Today' IFS=, echo ${(j:.:)${=str}}</lang>
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