Sorting algorithms/Bubble sort
A bubble sort is generally considered to be the simplest sorting algorithm.
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
Heap sort | Merge sort | Patience sort | Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
A bubble sort is also known as a sinking sort.
Because of its simplicity and ease of visualization, it is often taught in introductory computer science courses.
Because of its abysmal O(n2) performance, it is not used often for large (or even medium-sized) datasets.
The bubble sort works by passing sequentially over a list, comparing each value to the one immediately after it. If the first value is greater than the second, their positions are switched. Over a number of passes, at most equal to the number of elements in the list, all of the values drift into their correct positions (large values "bubble" rapidly toward the end, pushing others down around them). Because each pass finds the maximum item and puts it at the end, the portion of the list to be sorted can be reduced at each pass. A boolean variable is used to track whether any changes have been made in the current pass; when a pass completes without changing anything, the algorithm exits.
This can be expressed in pseudo-code as follows (assuming 1-based indexing):
repeat
if itemCount <= 1
return
hasChanged := false
decrement itemCount
repeat with index from 1 to itemCount
if (item at index) > (item at (index + 1))
swap (item at index) with (item at (index + 1))
hasChanged := true
until hasChanged = false
- Task
Sort an array of elements using the bubble sort algorithm. The elements must have a total order and the index of the array can be of any discrete type. For languages where this is not possible, sort an array of integers.
- References
- The article on Wikipedia.
- Dance interpretation.
11l
<lang 11l>F bubble_sort(&seq)
V changed = 1B
L changed == 1B
changed = 0B
L(i) 0 .< seq.len - 1
I seq[i] > seq[i + 1]
swap(&seq[i], &seq[i + 1])
changed = 1B
V testset = Array(0.<100) V testcase = copy(testset) random:shuffle(&testcase) assert(testcase != testset) bubble_sort(&testcase) assert(testcase == testset)</lang>
360 Assembly
For maximum compatibility, this program uses only the basic instruction set. The program uses also HLASM structured macros (DO,ENDDO,IF,ELSE,ENDIF) for readability and two ASSIST/360 macros (XDECO,XPRNT) to keep the code as short as possible. <lang 360 Assembly>* Bubble Sort 01/11/2014 & 23/06/2016 BUBBLE CSECT
USING BUBBLE,R13,R12 establish base registers
SAVEAREA B STM-SAVEAREA(R15) skip savearea
DC 17F'0' my savearea
STM STM R14,R12,12(R13) save calling context
ST R13,4(R15) link mySA->prevSA
ST R15,8(R13) link prevSA->mySA
LR R13,R15 set mySA & set 4K addessability
LA R12,2048(R13) .
LA R12,2048(R12) set 8K addessability
L RN,N n
BCTR RN,0 n-1
DO UNTIL=(LTR,RM,Z,RM) repeat ------------------------+
LA RM,0 more=false |
LA R1,A @a(i) |
LA R2,4(R1) @a(i+1) |
LA RI,1 i=1 |
DO WHILE=(CR,RI,LE,RN) for i=1 to n-1 ------------+ |
L R3,0(R1) a(i) | |
IF C,R3,GT,0(R2) if a(i)>a(i+1) then ---+ | |
L R9,0(R1) r9=a(i) | | |
L R3,0(R2) r3=a(i+1) | | |
ST R3,0(R1) a(i)=r3 | | |
ST R9,0(R2) a(i+1)=r9 | | |
LA RM,1 more=true | | |
ENDIF , end if <---------------+ | |
LA RI,1(RI) i=i+1 | |
LA R1,4(R1) next a(i) | |
LA R2,4(R2) next a(i+1) | |
ENDDO , end for <------------------+ |
ENDDO , until not more <---------------+
LA R3,PG pgi=0
LA RI,1 i=1
DO WHILE=(C,RI,LE,N) do i=1 to n -------+
LR R1,RI i |
SLA R1,2 . |
L R2,A-4(R1) a(i) |
XDECO R2,XDEC edit a(i) |
MVC 0(4,R3),XDEC+8 output a(i) |
LA R3,4(R3) pgi=pgi+4 |
LA RI,1(RI) i=i+1 |
ENDDO , end do <-----------+
XPRNT PG,L'PG print buffer
L R13,4(0,R13) restore caller savearea
LM R14,R12,12(R13) restore context
XR R15,R15 set return code to 0
BR R14 return to caller
A DC F'4',F'65',F'2',F'-31',F'0',F'99',F'2',F'83',F'782',F'1'
DC F'45',F'82',F'69',F'82',F'104',F'58',F'88',F'112',F'89',F'74'
N DC A((N-A)/L'A) number of items of a * PG DC CL80' ' XDEC DS CL12
LTORG
REGEQU
RI EQU 6 i RN EQU 7 n-1 RM EQU 8 more
END BUBBLE</lang>
- Output:
-31 0 1 2 2 4 45 58 65 69 74 82 82 83 88 89 99 104 112 782
6502 Assembly
Code can be copied and pasted into Easy6502. Make sure you set the monitor to $1200 and check the check box to view it in action. Bubble Sort's infamous reputation is very well-deserved as this is going to take a few minutes to finish. This example takes a reverse identity table (where the 0th entry is $FF, the first is $FE, and so on) and sorts them in ascending order. Slowly. And the program might not run unless its tab is active in your browser. I'd play Game Boy to pass the time. ;) <lang 6502asm>define z_HL $00 define z_L $00 define z_H $01 define temp $02 define temp2 $03
set_table: dex txa sta $1200,y iny bne set_table ;stores $ff at $1200, $fe at $1201, etc.
lda #$12 sta z_H lda #$00 sta z_L
lda #0 tax tay ;clear regs
JSR BUBBLESORT BRK
BUBBLESORT: lda (z_HL),y sta temp iny ;look at the next item lda (z_HL),y dey ;go back 1 to the "current item" sta temp2 cmp temp bcs doNothing
;we had to re-arrange an item. lda temp iny sta (z_HL),y ;store the higher value at base+y+1 inx ;sort count. If zero at the end, we're done. dey lda temp2 sta (z_HL),y ;store the lower value at base+y
doNothing: iny cpy #$ff bne BUBBLESORT ldy #0 txa ;check the value of the counter beq DoneSorting ldx #0 ;reset the counter jmp BUBBLESORT DoneSorting: rts</lang>
- Output:
1200: 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0a 0b 0c 0d 0e 0f 1210: 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1a 1b 1c 1d 1e 1f 1220: 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 2a 2b 2c 2d 2e 2f 1230: 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 3a 3b 3c 3d 3e 3f 1240: 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4a 4b 4c 4d 4e 4f 1250: 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 5a 5b 5c 5d 5e 5f 1260: 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 6a 6b 6c 6d 6e 6f 1270: 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 7a 7b 7c 7d 7e 7f 1280: 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 8a 8b 8c 8d 8e 8f 1290: 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 9a 9b 9c 9d 9e 9f 12a0: a0 a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 a9 aa ab ac ad ae af 12b0: b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 b8 b9 ba bb bc bd be bf 12c0: c0 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c7 c8 c9 ca cb cc cd ce cf 12d0: d0 d1 d2 d3 d4 d5 d6 d7 d8 d9 da db dc dd de df 12e0: e0 e1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7 e8 e9 ea eb ec ed ee ef 12f0: f0 f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f9 fa fb fc fd fe ff
AArch64 Assembly
<lang AArch64 Assembly> /* ARM assembly AARCH64 Raspberry PI 3B */ /* program bubbleSort64.s */
/*******************************************/ /* Constantes file */ /*******************************************/ /* for this file see task include a file in language AArch64 assembly */ .include "../includeConstantesARM64.inc"
/*********************************/ /* Initialized data */ /*********************************/ .data szMessSortOk: .asciz "Table sorted.\n" szMessSortNok: .asciz "Table not sorted !!!!!.\n" sMessResult: .asciz "Value : @ \n" szCarriageReturn: .asciz "\n"
.align 4 TableNumber: .quad 1,3,6,2,5,9,10,8,4,7
- TableNumber: .quad 10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1
.equ NBELEMENTS, (. - TableNumber) / 8
/*********************************/ /* UnInitialized data */ /*********************************/ .bss sZoneConv: .skip 24 /*********************************/ /* code section */ /*********************************/ .text .global main main: // entry of program
ldr x0,qAdrTableNumber // address number table mov x1,0 mov x2,NBELEMENTS // number of élements bl bubbleSort ldr x0,qAdrTableNumber // address number table bl displayTable ldr x0,qAdrTableNumber // address number table mov x1,NBELEMENTS // number of élements bl isSorted // control sort cmp x0,1 // sorted ? beq 1f ldr x0,qAdrszMessSortNok // no !! error sort bl affichageMess b 100f
1: // yes
ldr x0,qAdrszMessSortOk bl affichageMess
100: // standard end of the program
mov x0,0 // return code mov x8,EXIT // request to exit program svc 0 // perform the system call
qAdrsZoneConv: .quad sZoneConv qAdrszCarriageReturn: .quad szCarriageReturn qAdrsMessResult: .quad sMessResult qAdrTableNumber: .quad TableNumber qAdrszMessSortOk: .quad szMessSortOk qAdrszMessSortNok: .quad szMessSortNok /******************************************************************/ /* control sorted table */ /******************************************************************/ /* x0 contains the address of table */ /* x1 contains the number of elements > 0 */ /* x0 return 0 if not sorted 1 if sorted */ isSorted:
stp x2,lr,[sp,-16]! // save registers stp x3,x4,[sp,-16]! // save registers mov x2,0 ldr x4,[x0,x2,lsl 3]
1:
add x2,x2,1 cmp x2,x1 bge 99f ldr x3,[x0,x2, lsl 3] cmp x3,x4 blt 98f mov x4,x3 b 1b
98:
mov x0,0 // not sorted b 100f
99:
mov x0,1 // sorted
100:
ldp x3,x4,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers ldp x2,lr,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers ret // return to address lr x30
/******************************************************************/ /* bubble sort */ /******************************************************************/ /* x0 contains the address of table */ /* x1 contains the first element */ /* x2 contains the number of element */ bubbleSort:
stp x1,lr,[sp,-16]! // save registers stp x2,x3,[sp,-16]! // save registers stp x4,x5,[sp,-16]! // save registers stp x6,x7,[sp,-16]! // save registers stp x8,x9,[sp,-16]! // save registers sub x2,x2,1 // compute i = n - 1 add x8,x1,1
1: // start loop 1
mov x3,x1 // start index mov x9,0 sub x7,x2,1
2: // start loop 2
add x4,x3,1 ldr x5,[x0,x3,lsl 3] // load value A[j] ldr x6,[x0,x4,lsl 3] // load value A[j+1] cmp x6,x5 // compare value bge 3f str x6,[x0,x3,lsl 3] // if smaller inversion str x5,[x0,x4,lsl 3] mov x9,1 // top table not sorted
3:
add x3,x3,1 // increment index j cmp x3,x7 // end ? ble 2b // no -> loop 2 cmp x9,0 // table sorted ? beq 100f // yes -> end
sub x2,x2,1 // decrement i cmp x2,x8 // end ? bge 1b // no -> loop 1
100:
ldp x8,x9,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers ldp x6,x7,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers ldp x4,x5,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers ldp x2,x3,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers ldp x1,lr,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers ret // return to address lr x30
/******************************************************************/ /* Display table elements */ /******************************************************************/ /* x0 contains the address of table */ displayTable:
stp x1,lr,[sp,-16]! // save registers stp x2,x3,[sp,-16]! // save registers mov x2,x0 // table address mov x3,0
1: // loop display table
ldr x0,[x2,x3,lsl 3] ldr x1,qAdrsZoneConv bl conversion10 // décimal conversion ldr x0,qAdrsMessResult ldr x1,qAdrsZoneConv bl strInsertAtCharInc // insert result at @ character bl affichageMess // display message add x3,x3,1 cmp x3,NBELEMENTS - 1 ble 1b ldr x0,qAdrszCarriageReturn bl affichageMess
100:
ldp x2,x3,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers ldp x1,lr,[sp],16 // restaur 2 registers ret // return to address lr x30
/********************************************************/ /* File Include fonctions */ /********************************************************/ /* for this file see task include a file in language AArch64 assembly */ .include "../includeARM64.inc"
</lang>
ACL2
<lang Lisp>(defun bubble (xs)
(if (endp (rest xs))
(mv nil xs)
(let ((x1 (first xs))
(x2 (second xs)))
(if (> x1 x2)
(mv-let (_ ys)
(bubble (cons x1 (rest (rest xs))))
(declare (ignore _))
(mv t (cons x2 ys)))
(mv-let (has-changed ys)
(bubble (rest xs))
(mv has-changed (cons x1 ys)))))))
(defun bsort-r (xs limit)
(declare (xargs :measure (nfix limit)))
(if (zp limit)
xs
(mv-let (has-changed ys)
(bubble xs)
(if has-changed
(bsort-r ys (1- limit))
ys))))
(defun bsort (xs)
(bsort-r xs (len xs)))</lang>
Action!
<lang Action!>PROC PrintArray(INT ARRAY a INT size)
INT i
Put('[)
FOR i=0 TO size-1
DO
IF i>0 THEN Put(' ) FI
PrintI(a(i))
OD
Put(']) PutE()
RETURN
PROC BubbleSort(INT ARRAY a INT size)
INT count,changed,i,tmp
count=size IF count<=1 THEN RETURN FI
DO
changed=0
count==-1
FOR i=0 TO count-1
DO
IF a(i)>a(i+1) THEN
tmp=a(i) a(i)=a(i+1) a(i+1)=tmp
changed=1
FI
OD
UNTIL changed=0
OD
RETURN
PROC Test(INT ARRAY a INT size)
PrintE("Array before sort:")
PrintArray(a,size)
BubbleSort(a,size)
PrintE("Array after sort:")
PrintArray(a,size)
PutE()
RETURN
PROC Main()
INT ARRAY
a(10)=[1 4 65535 0 3 7 4 8 20 65530],
b(21)=[10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
65535 65534 65533 65532 65531
65530 65529 65528 65527 65526],
c(8)=[101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108],
d(12)=[1 65535 1 65535 1 65535 1
65535 1 65535 1 65535]
Test(a,10)
Test(b,21)
Test(c,8)
Test(d,12)
RETURN</lang>
- Output:
Screenshot from Atari 8-bit computer
Array before sort: [1 4 -1 0 3 7 4 8 20 -6] Array after sort: [-6 -1 0 1 3 4 4 7 8 20] Array before sort: [10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10] Array after sort: [-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10] Array before sort: [101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108] Array after sort: [101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108] Array before sort: [1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1] Array after sort: [-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1]
ActionScript
<lang actionscript>public function bubbleSort(toSort:Array):Array { var changed:Boolean = false;
while (!changed) { changed = true;
for (var i:int = 0; i < toSort.length - 1; i++) { if (toSort[i] > toSort[i + 1]) { var tmp:int = toSort[i]; toSort[i] = toSort[i + 1]; toSort[i + 1] = tmp;
changed = false; } } }
return toSort; }</lang>
Ada
<lang ada>generic
type Element is private; with function "=" (E1, E2 : Element) return Boolean is <>; with function "<" (E1, E2 : Element) return Boolean is <>; type Index is (<>); type Arr is array (Index range <>) of Element;
procedure Bubble_Sort (A : in out Arr);
procedure Bubble_Sort (A : in out Arr) is
Finished : Boolean; Temp : Element;
begin
loop Finished := True; for J in A'First .. Index'Pred (A'Last) loop if A (Index'Succ (J)) < A (J) then Finished := False; Temp := A (Index'Succ (J)); A (Index'Succ (J)) := A (J); A (J) := Temp; end if; end loop; exit when Finished; end loop;
end Bubble_Sort;
-- Example of usage: with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO; with Bubble_Sort; procedure Main is
type Arr is array (Positive range <>) of Integer; procedure Sort is new Bubble_Sort (Element => Integer, Index => Positive, Arr => Arr); A : Arr := (1, 3, 256, 0, 3, 4, -1);
begin
Sort (A); for J in A'Range loop Put (Integer'Image (A (J))); end loop; New_Line;
end Main;</lang>
ALGOL 60
<lang algol60>begin
comment Sorting algorithms/Bubble sort - Algol 60;
integer nA;
nA:=20;
begin
integer array A[1:20];
procedure bubblesort(lb,ub);
value lb,ub; integer lb,ub;
begin
integer i;
boolean swapped;
swapped :=true;
for i:=1 while swapped do begin
swapped:=false;
for i:=lb step 1 until ub-1 do if A[i]>A[i+1] then begin
integer temp;
temp :=A[i];
A[i] :=A[i+1];
A[i+1]:=temp;
swapped:=true
end
end
end bubblesort;
procedure inittable(lb,ub);
value lb,ub; integer lb,ub;
begin
integer i;
for i:=lb step 1 until ub do A[i]:=entier(rand*100)
end inittable;
procedure writetable(lb,ub);
value lb,ub; integer lb,ub;
begin
integer i;
for i:=lb step 1 until ub do outinteger(1,A[i]);
outstring(1,"\n")
end writetable;
inittable(1,nA);
writetable(1,nA);
bubblesort(1,nA);
writetable(1,nA)
end
end </lang>
- Output:
70 92 61 64 74 5 89 52 38 91 59 57 51 34 81 27 57 51 32 74 5 27 32 34 38 51 51 52 57 57 59 61 64 70 74 74 81 89 91 92
ALGOL 68
<lang algol68>MODE DATA = INT; PROC swap = (REF[]DATA slice)VOID: (
DATA tmp = slice[1]; slice[1] := slice[2]; slice[2] := tmp
);
PROC sort = (REF[]DATA array)VOID: (
BOOL sorted;
INT shrinkage := 0;
FOR size FROM UPB array - 1 BY -1 WHILE
sorted := TRUE;
shrinkage +:= 1;
FOR i FROM LWB array TO size DO
IF array[i+1] < array[i] THEN
swap(array[i:i+1]);
sorted := FALSE
FI
OD;
NOT sorted
DO SKIP OD
);
main:(
[10]INT random := (1,6,3,5,2,9,8,4,7,0);
printf(($"Before: "10(g(3))l$,random)); sort(random); printf(($"After: "10(g(3))l$,random))
)</lang>
- Output:
Before: +1 +6 +3 +5 +2 +9 +8 +4 +7 +0 After: +0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9
ALGOL W
<lang algolw>begin
% As algol W does not allow overloading, we have to have type-specific %
% sorting procedures - this bubble sorts an integer array %
% as there is no way for the procedure to determine the array bounds, we %
% pass the lower and upper bounds in lb and ub %
procedure bubbleSortIntegers( integer array item( * )
; integer value lb
; integer value ub
) ;
begin
integer lower, upper;
lower := lb;
upper := ub;
while
begin
logical swapped;
upper := upper - 1;
swapped := false;
for i := lower until upper
do begin
if item( i ) > item( i + 1 )
then begin
integer val;
val := item( i );
item( i ) := item( i + 1 );
item( i + 1 ) := val;
swapped := true;
end if_must_swap ;
end for_i ;
swapped
end
do begin end;
end bubbleSortIntegers ;
begin % test the bubble sort %
integer array data( 1 :: 10 );
procedure writeData ;
begin
write( data( 1 ) );
for i := 2 until 10 do writeon( data( i ) );
end writeData ;
% initialise data to unsorted values %
integer dPos;
dPos := 1;
for i := 16, 2, -6, 9, 90, 14, 0, 23, 8, 9
do begin
data( dPos ) := i;
dPos := dPos + 1;
end for_i ;
i_w := 3; s_w := 1; % set output format %
writeData;
bubbleSortIntegers( data, 1, 10 );
writeData;
end test
end.</lang>
- Output:
16 2 -6 9 90 14 0 23 8 9 -6 0 2 8 9 9 14 16 23 90
AppleScript
In AppleScript, the time taken to set and check a "has changed" boolean repeatedly over the greater part of the sort generally matches or exceeds any time it may save. A more effective optimisation, since the greater value in any pair also takes part in the following comparison, is to keep the greater value in a variable and only fetch one value from the list for the next comparison.
<lang applescript>-- In-place bubble sort. on bubbleSort(theList, l, r) -- Sort items l thru r of theList.
set listLen to (count theList)
if (listLen < 2) then return
-- Convert negative and/or transposed range indices.
if (l < 0) then set l to listLen + l + 1
if (r < 0) then set r to listLen + r + 1
if (l > r) then set {l, r} to {r, l}
-- The list as a script property to allow faster references to its items.
script o
property lst : theList
end script
set lPlus1 to l + 1
repeat with j from r to lPlus1 by -1
set lv to o's lst's item l
-- Hereafter lv is only set when necessary and from rv rather than from the list.
repeat with i from lPlus1 to j
set rv to o's lst's item i
if (lv > rv) then
set o's lst's item (i - 1) to rv
set o's lst's item i to lv
else
set lv to rv
end if
end repeat
end repeat
return -- nothing.
end bubbleSort property sort : bubbleSort
-- Demo: local aList set aList to {61, 23, 11, 55, 1, 94, 71, 98, 70, 33, 29, 77, 58, 95, 2, 52, 68, 29, 27, 37, 74, 38, 45, 73, 10} sort(aList, 1, -1) -- Sort items 1 thru -1 of aList. return aList</lang>
- Output:
<lang applescript>{1, 2, 10, 11, 23, 27, 29, 29, 33, 37, 38, 45, 52, 55, 58, 61, 68, 70, 71, 73, 74, 77, 94, 95, 98}</lang>
Arendelle
A function that returns a sorted version of it's x input
< x > ( i , 0 )
( sjt , 1; 0; 0 ) // swapped:0 / j:1 / temp:2
[ @sjt = 1 ,
( sjt , 0 )
( sjt[ 1 ] , +1 )
( i , 0 )
[ @i < @x? - @sjt[ 1 ],
{ @x[ @i ] < @x[ @i + 1 ],
( sjt[ 2 ] , @x[ @i ] )
( x[ @i ] , @x[ @i + 1 ] )
( x[ @i + 1 ] , @sjt[ 2 ] )
( sjt , 1 )
}
( i , +1 )
]
]
( return , @x )
ARM Assembly
<lang ARM Assembly>
/* ARM assembly Raspberry PI */ /* program bubbleSort.s */
/* REMARK 1 : this program use routines in a include file see task Include a file language arm assembly for the routine affichageMess conversion10 see at end of this program the instruction include */
/* for constantes see task include a file in arm assembly */ /************************************/ /* Constantes */ /************************************/ .include "../constantes.inc"
/*********************************/ /* Initialized data */ /*********************************/ .data szMessSortOk: .asciz "Table sorted.\n" szMessSortNok: .asciz "Table not sorted !!!!!.\n" sMessResult: .asciz "Value : @ \n" szCarriageReturn: .asciz "\n"
.align 4
- TableNumber: .int 1,3,6,2,5,9,10,8,4,7
TableNumber: .int 10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1
.equ NBELEMENTS, (. - TableNumber) / 4
/*********************************/ /* UnInitialized data */ /*********************************/ .bss sZoneConv: .skip 24 /*********************************/ /* code section */ /*********************************/ .text .global main main: @ entry of program
1:
ldr r0,iAdrTableNumber @ address number table mov r1,#0 mov r2,#NBELEMENTS @ number of élements bl bubbleSort ldr r0,iAdrTableNumber @ address number table bl displayTable ldr r0,iAdrTableNumber @ address number table mov r1,#NBELEMENTS @ number of élements bl isSorted @ control sort cmp r0,#1 @ sorted ? beq 2f ldr r0,iAdrszMessSortNok @ no !! error sort bl affichageMess b 100f
2: @ yes
ldr r0,iAdrszMessSortOk bl affichageMess
100: @ standard end of the program
mov r0, #0 @ return code mov r7, #EXIT @ request to exit program svc #0 @ perform the system call
iAdrszCarriageReturn: .int szCarriageReturn iAdrsMessResult: .int sMessResult iAdrTableNumber: .int TableNumber iAdrszMessSortOk: .int szMessSortOk iAdrszMessSortNok: .int szMessSortNok /******************************************************************/ /* control sorted table */ /******************************************************************/ /* r0 contains the address of table */ /* r1 contains the number of elements > 0 */ /* r0 return 0 if not sorted 1 if sorted */ isSorted:
push {r2-r4,lr} @ save registers
mov r2,#0
ldr r4,[r0,r2,lsl #2]
1:
add r2,#1 cmp r2,r1 movge r0,#1 bge 100f ldr r3,[r0,r2, lsl #2] cmp r3,r4 movlt r0,#0 blt 100f mov r4,r3 b 1b
100:
pop {r2-r4,lr}
bx lr @ return
/******************************************************************/ /* bubble sort */ /******************************************************************/ /* r0 contains the address of table */ /* r1 contains the first element */ /* r2 contains the number of element */ bubbleSort:
push {r1-r9,lr} @ save registers
sub r2,r2,#1 @ compute i = n - 1
add r8,r1,#1
1: @ start loop 1
mov r3,r1 @ start index mov r9,#0 sub r7,r2,#1
2: @ start loop 2
add r4,r3,#1 ldr r5,[r0,r3,lsl #2] @ load value A[j] ldr r6,[r0,r4,lsl #2] @ load value A[j+1] cmp r6,r5 @ compare value strlt r6,[r0,r3,lsl #2] @ if smaller inversion strlt r5,[r0,r4,lsl #2] movlt r9,#1 @ top table not sorted add r3,#1 @ increment index j cmp r3,r7 @ end ? ble 2b @ no -> loop 2 cmp r9,#0 @ table sorted ? beq 100f @ yes -> end
sub r2,r2,#1 @ decrement i cmp r2,r8 @ end ? bge 1b @ no -> loop 1
100:
pop {r1-r9,lr}
bx lr @ return
/******************************************************************/ /* Display table elements */ /******************************************************************/ /* r0 contains the address of table */ displayTable:
push {r0-r3,lr} @ save registers
mov r2,r0 @ table address
mov r3,#0
1: @ loop display table
ldr r0,[r2,r3,lsl #2] ldr r1,iAdrsZoneConv @ bl conversion10 @ décimal conversion ldr r0,iAdrsMessResult ldr r1,iAdrsZoneConv @ insert conversion bl strInsertAtCharInc bl affichageMess @ display message add r3,#1 cmp r3,#NBELEMENTS - 1 ble 1b ldr r0,iAdrszCarriageReturn bl affichageMess
100:
pop {r0-r3,lr}
bx lr
iAdrsZoneConv: .int sZoneConv /***************************************************/ /* ROUTINES INCLUDE */ /***************************************************/ .include "../affichage.inc" </lang>
Arturo
<lang rebol>bubbleSort: function [items][
len: size items
loop len [j][
i: 1
while [i =< len-j] [
if items\[i] < items\[i-1] [
tmp: items\[i]
items\[i]: items\[i-1]
items\[i-1]: tmp
]
i: i + 1
]
]
items
]
print bubbleSort [3 1 2 8 5 7 9 4 6]</lang>
- Output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
AutoHotkey
<lang AutoHotkey>var = ( dog cat pile abc ) MsgBox % bubblesort(var)
bubblesort(var) ; each line of var is an element of the array {
StringSplit, array, var, `n
hasChanged = 1
size := array0
While hasChanged
{
hasChanged = 0
Loop, % (size - 1)
{
i := array%A_Index%
aj := A_Index + 1
j := array%aj%
If (j < i)
{
temp := array%A_Index%
array%A_Index% := array%aj%
array%aj% := temp
hasChanged = 1
}
}
}
Loop, % size
sorted .= array%A_Index% . "`n"
Return sorted
}</lang>
AWK
Sort the standard input and print it to standard output. <lang awk>{ # read every line into an array
line[NR] = $0
} END { # sort it with bubble sort
do {
haschanged = 0
for(i=1; i < NR; i++) {
if ( line[i] > line[i+1] ) {
t = line[i] line[i] = line[i+1] line[i+1] = t haschanged = 1
}
}
} while ( haschanged == 1 )
# print it
for(i=1; i <= NR; i++) {
print line[i]
}
}</lang>
GNU awk contains built in functions for sorting, but POSIX Awk doesn't. Here is a generic bubble sort() implementation that you can copy/paste to your Awk programs. Adapted from the above example. Note that it is not possible to return arrays from Awk functions so the array is "edited in place". The extra parameters passed in function's argument list is a well known trick to define local variables.
<lang awk>
- Test this example file from command line with:
- awk -f file.awk /dev/null
- Code by Jari Aalto <jari.aalto A T cante net>
- Licensed and released under GPL-2+, see http://spdx.org/licenses
function alen(array, dummy, len) {
for (dummy in array)
len++;
return len;
}
function sort(array, haschanged, len, tmp, i) {
len = alen(array) haschanged = 1
while ( haschanged == 1 )
{
haschanged = 0
for (i = 1; i <= len - 1; i++)
{
if (array[i] > array[i+1])
{
tmp = array[i]
array[i] = array[i + 1]
array[i + 1] = tmp
haschanged = 1
}
}
}
}
- An Example. Sorts array to order: b, c, z
{
array[1] = "c" array[2] = "z" array[3] = "b" sort(array) print array[1] " " array[2] " " array[3] exit
} </lang>
bash
I hope to see vastly improved versions of bubble_sort.
<lang bash> $ function bubble_sort() {
local a=("$@")
local n
local i
local j
local t
ft=(false true)
n=${#a[@]} # array length
i=n
while ${ft[$(( 0 < i ))]}
do
j=0
while ${ft[$(( j+1 < i ))]}
do
if ${ft[$(( a[j+1] < a[j] ))]}
then
t=${a[j+1]}
a[j+1]=${a[j]}
a[j]=$t
fi
t=$(( ++j ))
done
t=$(( --i ))
done
echo ${a[@]}
}
> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > $ # this line output from bash $ bubble_sort 3 2 8 2 3 8 $ # create an array variable $ a=(2 45 83 89 1 82 69 88 112 99 0 82 58 65 782 74 -31 104 4 2) $ bubble_sort ${a[@]} -31 0 1 2 2 4 45 58 65 69 74 82 82 83 88 89 99 104 112 782 $ b=($( bubble_sort ${a[@]} ) ) $ echo ${#b[@]} 20 $ echo ${b[@]} -31 0 1 2 2 4 45 58 65 69 74 82 82 83 88 89 99 104 112 782 $ </lang>
BASIC
Assume numbers are in a DIM of size "size" called "nums". <lang qbasic> DO
changed = 0
FOR I = 1 to size -1
IF nums(I) > nums(I + 1) THEN
tmp = nums(I)
nums(I) = nums(I + 1)
nums(I + 1) = tmp
changed = 1
END IF
NEXT
LOOP WHILE(NOT changed)</lang>
Applesoft BASIC
<lang basic>0 GOSUB 7 : IC = I%(0) 1 FOR HC = -1 TO 0 2 LET IC = IC - 1 3 FOR I = 1 TO IC 4 IF I%(I) > I%(I + 1) THEN H = I%(I) : I%(I) = I%(I + 1) : I%(I + 1) = H : HC = -2 * (IC > 1) 5 NEXT I, HC 6 GOSUB 9 : END 7 DIM I%(18000) : I%(0) = 50 8 FOR I = 1 TO I%(0) : I%(I) = INT (RND(1) * 65535) - 32767 : NEXT 9 FOR I = 1 TO I%(0) : PRINT I%(I)" "; : NEXT I : PRINT : RETURN</lang>
Sinclair ZX81 BASIC
Works with the 1k RAM model. For simplicity, and to make it easy to animate the sort as it is going on, this implementation sorts a string of eight-bit unsigned integers which can be treated as character codes; it could easily be amended to sort an array of numbers or an array of strings, but the array would need to be dimensioned at the start. <lang basic> 10 LET S$="FIRE BURN AND CAULDRON BUBBLE"
20 PRINT S$ 30 LET L=LEN S$-1 40 LET C=0 50 FOR I=1 TO L 60 IF S$(I)<=S$(I+1) THEN GOTO 120 70 LET T$=S$(I) 80 LET S$(I)=S$(I+1) 90 LET S$(I+1)=T$
100 PRINT AT 0,I-1;S$(I TO I+1) 110 LET C=1 120 NEXT I 130 LET L=L-1 140 IF C THEN GOTO 40</lang>
- Output:
AABBBBCDDEEFILLNNNORRRUUU
BASIC256
<lang basic256> Dim a(11): ordered=false print "Original set" For n = 0 to 9 a[n]=int(rand*20+1) print a[n]+", "; next n
- algorithm
while ordered=false
ordered=true
For n = 0 to 9
if a[n]> a[n+1] then
x=a[n]
a[n]=a[n+1]
a[n+1]=x
ordered=false
end if
next n
end while
print print "Ordered set" For n = 1 to 10 print a[n]+", "; next n </lang>
- Output:
(example)
Original set 2, 10, 17, 13, 20, 14, 3, 17, 16, 16, Ordered set 2, 3, 10, 13, 14, 16, 16, 17, 17, 20,
BBC BASIC
The Bubble sort is very inefficient for 99% of cases. This routine uses a couple of 'tricks' to try and mitigate the inefficiency to a limited extent. Note that the array index is assumed to start at zero. <lang bbcbasic> DIM test(9)
test() = 4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782, 1
PROCbubblesort(test(), 10)
FOR i% = 0 TO 9
PRINT test(i%) ;
NEXT
PRINT
END
DEF PROCbubblesort(a(), n%)
LOCAL i%, l%
REPEAT
l% = 0
FOR i% = 1 TO n%-1
IF a(i%-1) > a(i%) THEN
SWAP a(i%-1),a(i%)
l% = i%
ENDIF
NEXT
n% = l%
UNTIL l% = 0
ENDPROC</lang>
- Output:
-31 0 1 2 2 4 65 83 99 782
Commodore BASIC
<lang COMMODORE>
5 REM ===============================================
10 REM HTTP://ROSETTACODE.ORG/ 20 REM TASK=SORTING ALGORITHMS/BUBBLE SORT 30 REM LANGUAGE=COMMODORE 64 BASIC V2 40 REM DATE=2020-08-17 50 REM CODING BY=ALVALONGO 60 REM FILE=BUBLE.PRG 70 REM ============================================
100 PRINT "SORTING ALGORITHMS/BUBBLE SORT" 110 GOSUB 700 120 GOSUB 800 130 PRINT "RESULT:" 140 GOSUB 600 150 END
600 REM DISPLAY DATA================================ 610 FOR K=1 TO N 620 PRINT A(K); 630 NEXT K 640 PRINT 650 RETURN
700 REM LOAD DATA ================================== 720 READ N 730 DIM A(N) 740 FOR I=1 TO N 750 READ A(I) 760 NEXT I 770 RETURN
800 REM BUBBLE SORT ================================ 810 FOR I=1 TO N 815 PRINT "I=";I 820 GOSUB 600 830 SW=-1 840 FOR J=1 TO N-I 850 IF A(J)>A(J+1) THEN T=A(J):A(J)=A(J+1):A(J+1)=T:SW=0 860 NEXT J 865 PRINT "SW=";SW 870 IF SW THEN I=N 880 NEXT I 890 RETURN
900 REM DATA========================================== 910 DATA 15 920 DATA 64,34,25,12,22,11,90,13,59,47,19,89,10,17,31 </lang>
GW-BASIC
<lang gwbasic>10 REM GENERATE A RANDOM BUNCH OF INTEGERS 20 DIM ARR(20) 30 RANDOMIZE TIMER 40 FOR I=0 TO 19 50 ARR(I)=INT(RND*100) 60 NEXT I 70 REM bubble sort the list, printing it at the end of every pass 80 MX = 19 90 CHANGED = 0 100 FOR I = 0 TO 19 110 PRINT ARR(I); 120 NEXT I 130 PRINT 140 FOR I = 0 TO MX-1 150 IF ARR(I)>ARR(I+1) THEN GOSUB 1000 160 NEXT I 170 MX = MX - 1 180 IF CHANGED*MX = 0 THEN END 190 GOTO 90 1000 TEMP = ARR(I) 1010 ARR(I) = ARR(I+1) 1020 ARR(I+1) = TEMP 1030 CHANGED = 1 1040 RETURN</lang>
- Output:
20 59 42 9 5 91 6 64 21 28 65 96 20 66 66 70 91 98 63 31 20 42 9 5 59 6 64 21 28 65 91 20 66 66 70 91 96 63 31 98 20 9 5 42 6 59 21 28 64 65 20 66 66 70 91 91 63 31 96 98 9 5 20 6 42 21 28 59 64 20 65 66 66 70 91 63 31 91 96 98 5 9 6 20 21 28 42 59 20 64 65 66 66 70 63 31 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 21 28 42 20 59 64 65 66 66 63 31 70 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 21 28 20 42 59 64 65 66 63 31 66 70 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 21 20 28 42 59 64 65 63 31 66 66 70 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 20 21 28 42 59 64 63 31 65 66 66 70 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 20 21 28 42 59 63 31 64 65 66 66 70 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 20 21 28 42 59 31 63 64 65 66 66 70 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 20 21 28 42 31 59 63 64 65 66 66 70 91 91 96 98 5 6 9 20 20 21 28 31 42 59 63 64 65 66 66 70 91 91 96 98
IS-BASIC
<lang IS-BASIC>100 PROGRAM "BubblSrt.bas" 110 RANDOMIZE 120 NUMERIC ARRAY(-5 TO 9) 130 CALL INIT(ARRAY) 140 CALL WRITE(ARRAY) 150 CALL BUBBLESORT(ARRAY) 160 CALL WRITE(ARRAY) 170 DEF INIT(REF A) 180 FOR I=LBOUND(A) TO UBOUND(A) 190 LET A(I)=RND(98)+1 200 NEXT 210 END DEF 220 DEF WRITE(REF A) 230 FOR I=LBOUND(A) TO UBOUND(A) 240 PRINT A(I); 250 NEXT 260 PRINT 270 END DEF 280 DEF BUBBLESORT(REF A) 290 DO 300 LET CH=0 310 FOR I=LBOUND(A) TO UBOUND(A)-1 320 IF A(I)>A(I+1) THEN LET T=A(I):LET A(I)=A(I+1):LET A(I+1)=T:LET CH=1 330 NEXT 340 LOOP WHILE CH 350 END DEF</lang>
BaCon
Numeric example: <lang bacon>LOCAL t[] = { 5, 7, 1, 3, 10, 2, 9, 4, 8, 6 } total = 10 WHILE total > 1
FOR x = 0 TO total-1
IF t[x] > t[x+1] THEN SWAP t[x], t[x+1]
NEXT
DECR total
WEND PRINT COIL$(10, STR$(t[_-1]))</lang>
- Output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
String example: <lang bacon>t$ = "Kiev Amsterdam Lima Moscow Warschau Vienna Paris Madrid Bonn Bern Rome" total = AMOUNT(t$) WHILE total > 1
FOR x = 1 TO total-1
IF TOKEN$(t$, x) > TOKEN$(t$, x+1) THEN t$ = EXCHANGE$(t$, x, x+1)
NEXT
DECR total
WEND PRINT t$</lang>
- Output:
Amsterdam Bern Bonn Kiev Lima Madrid Moscow Paris Rome Vienna Warschau
BCPL
<lang bcpl>get "libhdr"
let bubblesort(v, length) be $( let sorted = false
until sorted
$( sorted := true
length := length - 1
for i=0 to length-1
if v!i > v!(i+1)
$( let x = v!i
v!i := v!(i+1)
v!(i+1) := x
sorted := false
$)
$)
$)
let start() be $( let v = table 10,8,6,4,2,1,3,5,7,9
bubblesort(v, 10)
for i=0 to 9 do writef("%N ", v!i)
wrch('*N')
$)</lang>
- Output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
C
<lang c>#include <stdio.h>
void bubble_sort (int *a, int n) {
int i, t, j = n, s = 1;
while (s) {
s = 0;
for (i = 1; i < j; i++) {
if (a[i] < a[i - 1]) {
t = a[i];
a[i] = a[i - 1];
a[i - 1] = t;
s = 1;
}
}
j--;
}
}
int main () {
int a[] = {4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782, 1};
int n = sizeof a / sizeof a[0];
int i;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
printf("%d%s", a[i], i == n - 1 ? "\n" : " ");
bubble_sort(a, n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
printf("%d%s", a[i], i == n - 1 ? "\n" : " ");
return 0;
} </lang>
- Output:
4 65 2 -31 0 99 2 83 782 1 -31 0 1 2 2 4 65 83 99 782
C#
<lang csharp>using System; using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace RosettaCode.BubbleSort {
public static class BubbleSortMethods
{
//The "this" keyword before the method parameter identifies this as a C# extension
//method, which can be called using instance method syntax on any generic list,
//without having to modify the generic List<T> code provided by the .NET framework.
public static void BubbleSort<T>(this List<T> list) where T : IComparable
{
bool madeChanges;
int itemCount = list.Count;
do
{
madeChanges = false;
itemCount--;
for (int i = 0; i < itemCount; i++)
{
if (list[i].CompareTo(list[i + 1]) > 0)
{
T temp = list[i + 1];
list[i + 1] = list[i];
list[i] = temp;
madeChanges = true;
}
}
} while (madeChanges);
}
}
//A short test program to demonstrate the BubbleSort. The compiler will change the
//call to testList.BubbleSort() into one to BubbleSortMethods.BubbleSort<T>(testList).
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
List<int> testList = new List<int> { 3, 7, 3, 2, 1, -4, 10, 12, 4 };
testList.BubbleSort();
foreach (var t in testList) Console.Write(t + " ");
}
}
}</lang>
C++
Uses C++11. Compile with
g++ -std=c++11 bubble.cpp
<lang cpp>#include <algorithm>
- include <iostream>
- include <iterator>
template <typename RandomAccessIterator> void bubble_sort(RandomAccessIterator begin, RandomAccessIterator end) {
bool swapped = true;
while (begin != end-- && swapped) {
swapped = false;
for (auto i = begin; i != end; ++i) {
if (*(i + 1) < *i) {
std::iter_swap(i, i + 1);
swapped = true;
}
}
}
}
int main() {
int a[] = {100, 2, 56, 200, -52, 3, 99, 33, 177, -199};
bubble_sort(std::begin(a), std::end(a));
copy(std::begin(a), std::end(a), std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << "\n";
}</lang>
- Output:
-199 -52 2 3 33 56 99 100 177 200
Clojure
Bubble sorts a Java ArrayList in place. Uses 'doseq' iteration construct with a short-circuit when a pass didn't produce any change, and within the pass, an atomic 'changed' variable that gets reset whenever a change occurs.
<lang clojure>(ns bubblesort
(:import java.util.ArrayList))
(defn bubble-sort
"Sort in-place.
arr must implement the Java List interface and should support
random access, e.g. an ArrayList."
([arr] (bubble-sort compare arr))
([cmp arr]
(letfn [(swap! [i j]
(let [t (.get arr i)]
(doto arr
(.set i (.get arr j))
(.set j t))))
(sorter [stop-i]
(let [changed (atom false)]
(doseq [i (range stop-i)]
(if (pos? (cmp (.get arr i) (.get arr (inc i))))
(do
(swap! i (inc i))
(reset! changed true))))
@changed))]
(doseq [stop-i (range (dec (.size arr)) -1 -1)
:while (sorter stop-i)])
arr)))
(println (bubble-sort (ArrayList. [10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1])))</lang>
Purely functional version working on Clojure sequences: <lang clojure>(defn- bubble-step
"was-changed: whether any elements prior to the current first element were swapped; returns a two-element vector [partially-sorted-sequence is-sorted]" [less? xs was-changed] (if (< (count xs) 2) [xs (not was-changed)] (let [[x1 x2 & xr] xs
first-is-smaller (less? x1 x2) is-changed (or was-changed (not first-is-smaller)) [smaller larger] (if first-is-smaller [x1 x2] [x2 x1]) [result is-sorted] (bubble-step less? (cons larger xr) is-changed)]
[(cons smaller result) is-sorted])))
(defn bubble-sort
"Takes an optional less-than predicate and a sequence.
Returns the sorted sequence.
Very inefficient (O(n²))"
([xs] (bubble-sort <= xs))
([less? xs]
(let [[result is-sorted] (bubble-step less? xs false)]
(if is-sorted
result (recur less? result)))))
(println (bubble-sort [10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1]))</lang>
CLU
<lang clu>% Bubble-sort an array in place. bubble_sort = proc [T: type] (a: array[T])
where T has lt: proctype (T,T) returns (bool)
bound_lo: int := array[T]$low(a)
bound_hi: int := array[T]$high(a)
for hi: int in int$from_to_by(bound_hi, bound_lo, -1) do
for i: int in int$from_to(bound_lo, hi-1) do
if a[hi] < a[i] then
temp: T := a[i]
a[i] := a[hi]
a[hi] := temp
end
end
end
end bubble_sort
% Print an array print_arr = proc [T: type] (a: array[T], w: int, s: stream)
where T has unparse: proctype (T) returns (string)
for el: T in array[T]$elements(a) do
stream$putright(s, T$unparse(el), w)
end
stream$putc(s, '\n')
end print_arr
start_up = proc ()
ai = array[int] po: stream := stream$primary_output() test: ai := ai$[7, -5, 0, 2, 99, 16, 4, 20, 47, 19] stream$puts(po, "Before: ") print_arr[int](test, 3, po) bubble_sort[int](test) stream$puts(po, "After: ") print_arr[int](test, 3, po)
end start_up</lang>
- Output:
Before: 7 -5 0 2 99 16 4 20 47 19 After: -5 0 2 4 7 16 19 20 47 99
CMake
Only for lists of integers.
<lang cmake># bubble_sort(var [value1 value2...]) sorts a list of integers. function(bubble_sort var)
math(EXPR last "${ARGC} - 1") # Prepare to sort ARGV[1]..ARGV[last].
set(again YES)
while(again)
set(again NO)
math(EXPR last "${last} - 1") # Decrement last index.
foreach(index RANGE 1 ${last}) # Loop for each index.
math(EXPR index_plus_1 "${index} + 1")
set(a "${ARGV${index}}") # a = ARGV[index]
set(b "${ARGV${index_plus_1}}") # b = ARGV[index + 1]
if(a GREATER "${b}") # If a > b...
set(ARGV${index} "${b}") # ...then swap a, b
set(ARGV${index_plus_1} "${a}") # inside ARGV.
set(again YES)
endif()
endforeach(index)
endwhile()
set(answer)
math(EXPR last "${ARGC} - 1")
foreach(index RANGE 1 "${last}")
list(APPEND answer "${ARGV${index}}")
endforeach(index)
set("${var}" "${answer}" PARENT_SCOPE)
endfunction(bubble_sort)</lang>
<lang cmake>bubble_sort(result 33 11 44 22 66 55) message(STATUS "${result}")</lang>
-- 11;22;33;44;55;66
COBOL
This is a complete program that demonstrates the bubble sort algorithm in COBOL.
This version is for COBOL-74 which does not have in-line performs, nor END-IF and related constructs.
<lang cobol>
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. BUBBLESORT.
AUTHOR. DAVE STRATFORD.
DATE-WRITTEN. MARCH 2010.
INSTALLATION. HEXAGON SYSTEMS LIMITED.
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
CONFIGURATION SECTION.
SOURCE-COMPUTER. ICL VME.
OBJECT-COMPUTER. ICL VME.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
SELECT FA-INPUT-FILE ASSIGN FL01.
SELECT FB-OUTPUT-FILE ASSIGN FL02.
DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD FA-INPUT-FILE.
01 FA-INPUT-REC.
03 FA-DATA PIC S9(6).
FD FB-OUTPUT-FILE.
01 FB-OUTPUT-REC PIC S9(6).
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WA-IDENTITY.
03 WA-PROGNAME PIC X(10) VALUE "BUBBLESORT".
03 WA-VERSION PIC X(6) VALUE "000001".
01 WB-TABLE.
03 WB-ENTRY PIC 9(8) COMP SYNC OCCURS 100000
INDEXED BY WB-IX-1.
01 WC-VARS.
03 WC-SIZE PIC S9(8) COMP SYNC.
03 WC-TEMP PIC S9(8) COMP SYNC.
03 WC-END PIC S9(8) COMP SYNC.
03 WC-LAST-CHANGE PIC S9(8) COMP SYNC.
01 WF-CONDITION-FLAGS.
03 WF-EOF-FLAG PIC X.
88 END-OF-FILE VALUE "Y".
03 WF-EMPTY-FILE-FLAG PIC X.
88 EMPTY-FILE VALUE "Y".
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
A-MAIN SECTION.
A-000.
PERFORM B-INITIALISE.
IF NOT EMPTY-FILE
PERFORM C-SORT.
PERFORM D-FINISH.
A-999.
STOP RUN.
B-INITIALISE SECTION.
B-000.
DISPLAY "*** " WA-PROGNAME " VERSION "
WA-VERSION " STARTING ***".
MOVE ALL "N" TO WF-CONDITION-FLAGS.
OPEN INPUT FA-INPUT-FILE.
SET WB-IX-1 TO 0.
READ FA-INPUT-FILE AT END MOVE "Y" TO WF-EOF-FLAG
WF-EMPTY-FILE-FLAG.
PERFORM BA-READ-INPUT UNTIL END-OF-FILE.
CLOSE FA-INPUT-FILE.
SET WC-SIZE TO WB-IX-1.
B-999.
EXIT.
BA-READ-INPUT SECTION.
BA-000.
SET WB-IX-1 UP BY 1.
MOVE FA-DATA TO WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1).
READ FA-INPUT-FILE AT END MOVE "Y" TO WF-EOF-FLAG.
BA-999.
EXIT.
C-SORT SECTION.
C-000.
DISPLAY "SORT STARTING".
MOVE WC-SIZE TO WC-END.
PERFORM E-BUBBLE UNTIL WC-END = 1.
DISPLAY "SORT FINISHED".
C-999.
EXIT.
D-FINISH SECTION.
D-000.
OPEN OUTPUT FB-OUTPUT-FILE.
SET WB-IX-1 TO 1.
PERFORM DA-WRITE-OUTPUT UNTIL WB-IX-1 > WC-SIZE.
CLOSE FB-OUTPUT-FILE.
DISPLAY "*** " WA-PROGNAME " FINISHED ***".
D-999.
EXIT.
DA-WRITE-OUTPUT SECTION.
DA-000.
WRITE FB-OUTPUT-REC FROM WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1).
SET WB-IX-1 UP BY 1.
DA-999.
EXIT.
E-BUBBLE SECTION.
E-000.
MOVE 1 TO WC-LAST-CHANGE.
PERFORM F-PASS VARYING WB-IX-1 FROM 1 BY 1
UNTIL WB-IX-1 = WC-END.
MOVE WC-LAST-CHANGE TO WC-END.
E-999.
EXIT.
F-PASS SECTION.
F-000.
IF WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1) > WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1 + 1)
SET WC-LAST-CHANGE TO WB-IX-1
MOVE WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1) TO WC-TEMP
MOVE WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1 + 1) TO WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1)
MOVE WC-TEMP TO WB-ENTRY(WB-IX-1 + 1).
F-999.
EXIT.
</lang>
A more modern version of COBOL. <lang cobol>
identification division.
program-id. BUBBLSRT.
data division.
working-storage section.
01 changed-flag pic x.
88 hasChanged value 'Y'.
88 hasNOTChanged value 'N'.
01 itemCount pic 99.
01 tempItem pic 99.
01 itemArray.
03 itemArrayCount pic 99.
03 item pic 99 occurs 99 times
indexed by itemIndex.
*
procedure division.
main.
* place the values to sort into itemArray
move 10 to itemArrayCount
move 28 to item (1)
move 44 to item (2)
move 46 to item (3)
move 24 to item (4)
move 19 to item (5)
move 2 to item (6)
move 17 to item (7)
move 11 to item (8)
move 24 to item (9)
move 4 to item (10)
* store the starting count in itemCount and perform the sort
move itemArrayCount to itemCount
perform bubble-sort
* output the results
perform varying itemIndex from 1 by 1
until itemIndex > itemArrayCount
display item (itemIndex) ';' with no advancing
end-perform
* thats it!
stop run.
*
bubble-sort.
perform with test after until hasNOTchanged
set hasNOTChanged to true
subtract 1 from itemCount
perform varying itemIndex from 1 by 1
until itemIndex > itemCount
if item (itemIndex) > item (itemIndex + 1)
move item (itemIndex) to tempItem
move item (itemIndex + 1) to item (itemIndex)
move tempItem to item (itemIndex + 1)
set hasChanged to true
end-if
end-perform
end-perform
.
</lang>
- Output:
Output: 02;04;11;17;19;24;24;28;44;46;
Common Lisp
Bubble sort an sequence in-place, using the < operator for comparison if no comaprison function is provided <lang lisp>(defun bubble-sort (sequence &optional (compare #'<))
"sort a sequence (array or list) with an optional comparison function (cl:< is the default)"
(loop with sorted = nil until sorted do
(setf sorted t)
(loop for a below (1- (length sequence)) do
(unless (funcall compare (elt sequence a)
(elt sequence (1+ a)))
(rotatef (elt sequence a)
(elt sequence (1+ a)))
(setf sorted nil)))))</lang>
<lang lisp>(bubble-sort (list 5 4 3 2 1))</lang>
elt has linear access time for lists, making the prior implementation of bubble-sort very expensive (although very clear, and straightforward to code. Here is an implementation that works efficiently for both vectors and lists. For lists it also has the nice property that the input list and the sorted list begin with the same cons cell.
<lang lisp>(defun bubble-sort-vector (vector predicate &aux (len (1- (length vector))))
(do ((swapped t)) ((not swapped) vector)
(setf swapped nil)
(do ((i (min 0 len) (1+ i))) ((eql i len))
(when (funcall predicate (aref vector (1+ i)) (aref vector i))
(rotatef (aref vector i) (aref vector (1+ i)))
(setf swapped t)))))
(defun bubble-sort-list (list predicate)
(do ((swapped t)) ((not swapped) list)
(setf swapped nil)
(do ((list list (rest list))) ((endp (rest list)))
(when (funcall predicate (second list) (first list))
(rotatef (first list) (second list))
(setf swapped t)))))
(defun bubble-sort (sequence predicate)
(etypecase sequence (list (bubble-sort-list sequence predicate)) (vector (bubble-sort-vector sequence predicate))))</lang>
Cowgol
<lang cowgol>include "cowgol.coh";
- Comparator interface, on the model of C, i.e:
- foo < bar => -1, foo == bar => 0, foo > bar => 1
typedef CompRslt is int(-1, 1); interface Comparator(foo: intptr, bar: intptr): (rslt: CompRslt);
- Bubble sort an array of pointer-sized integers given a comparator function
- (This is the closest you can get to polymorphism in Cowgol).
sub bubbleSort(A: [intptr], len: intptr, comp: Comparator) is
loop
var swapped: uint8 := 0;
var i: intptr := 1;
var a := @next A;
while i < len loop
if comp([@prev a], [a]) == 1 then
var t := [a];
[a] := [@prev a];
[@prev a] := t;
swapped := 1;
end if;
a := @next a;
i := i + 1;
end loop;
if swapped == 0 then
return;
end if;
end loop;
end sub;
- Test: sort a list of numbers
sub NumComp implements Comparator is
# Compare the inputs as numbers if foo < bar then rslt := -1; elseif foo > bar then rslt := 1; else rslt := 0; end if;
end sub;
- Numbers
var numbers: intptr[] := {
65,13,4,84,29,5,96,73,5,11,17,76,38,26,44,20,36,12,44,51,79,8,99,7,19,95,26
};
- Sort the numbers in place
bubbleSort(&numbers as [intptr], @sizeof numbers, NumComp);
- Print the numbers (hopefully in order)
var i: @indexof numbers := 0; while i < @sizeof numbers loop
print_i32(numbers[i] as uint32);
print_char(' ');
i := i + 1;
end loop; print_nl();</lang>
- Output:
4 5 5 7 8 11 12 13 17 19 20 26 26 29 36 38 44 44 51 65 73 76 79 84 95 96 99
D
<lang d>import std.stdio, std.algorithm : swap;
T[] bubbleSort(T)(T[] data) pure nothrow {
foreach_reverse (n; 0 .. data.length)
{
bool swapped;
foreach (i; 0 .. n)
if (data[i] > data[i + 1]) {
swap(data[i], data[i + 1]);
swapped = true;
}
if (!swapped)
break;
}
return data;
}
void main()
{
auto array = [28, 44, 46, 24, 19, 2, 17, 11, 25, 4]; writeln(array.bubbleSort());
}</lang>
- Output:
[2, 4, 11, 17, 19, 24, 25, 28, 44, 46]
Dart
List<num> bubbleSort(List<num> list) {
var retList = new List<num>.from(list);
var tmp;
var swapped = false;
do {
swapped = false;
for(var i = 1; i < retList.length; i++) {
if(retList[i - 1] > retList[i]) {
tmp = retList[i - 1];
retList[i - 1] = retList[i];
retList[i] = tmp;
swapped = true;
}
}
} while(swapped);
return retList;
}
Delphi
Dynamic array is a 0-based array of variable length
Static array is an arbitrary-based array of fixed length <lang Delphi>program TestBubbleSort;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
{.$DEFINE DYNARRAY} // remove '.' to compile with dynamic array
type
TItem = Integer; // declare ordinal type for array item
{$IFDEF DYNARRAY}
TArray = array of TItem; // dynamic array
{$ELSE}
TArray = array[0..15] of TItem; // static array
{$ENDIF}
procedure BubbleSort(var A: TArray); var
Item: TItem; K, L, J: Integer;
begin
L:= Low(A) + 1;
repeat
K:= High(A);
for J:= High(A) downto L do begin
if A[J - 1] > A[J] then begin
Item:= A[J - 1];
A[J - 1]:= A[J];
A[J]:= Item;
K:= J;
end;
end;
L:= K + 1;
until L > High(A);
end;
var
A: TArray; I: Integer;
begin {$IFDEF DYNARRAY}
SetLength(A, 16);
{$ENDIF}
for I:= Low(A) to High(A) do A[I]:= Random(100); for I:= Low(A) to High(A) do Write(A[I]:3); Writeln; BubbleSort(A); for I:= Low(A) to High(A) do Write(A[I]:3); Writeln; Readln;
end.</lang>
- Output:
0 3 86 20 27 67 31 16 37 42 8 47 7 84 5 29 0 3 5 7 8 16 20 27 29 31 37 42 47 67 84 86
Dyalect
<lang dyalect>func bubbleSort(list) {
var done = false
while !done {
done = true
for i in 1..(list.len()-1) {
if list[i - 1] > list[i] {
var x = list[i]
list[i] = list[i - 1]
list[i - 1] = x
done = false
}
}
}
}
var xs = [3,1,5,4,2,6] bubbleSort(xs) print(xs)</lang>
- Output:
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
E
<lang e>def bubbleSort(target) {
__loop(fn {
var changed := false
for i in 0..(target.size() - 2) {
def [a, b] := target(i, i + 2)
if (a > b) {
target(i, i + 2) := [b, a]
changed := true
}
}
changed
})
}</lang>
(Uses the primitive __loop directly because it happens to map to the termination test for this algorithm well.)
EchoLisp
<lang scheme>
- sorts a vector of objects in place
- proc is an user defined comparison procedure
(define (bubble-sort V proc) (define length (vector-length V))
(for* ((i (in-range 0 (1- length))) (j (in-range (1+ i) length))) (unless (proc (vector-ref V i) (vector-ref V j)) (vector-swap! V i j))) V)
(define V #( albert antoinette elvis zen simon))
(define (sort/length a b) ;; sort by string length
(< (string-length a) (string-length b)))
(bubble-sort V sort/length)
→ #(zen simon elvis albert antoinette)
</lang>
EDSAC order code
This demo of a bubble sort on the EDSAC shows how awkward it was to deal with arrays in the absence of an index register (one was added in 1953). To refer to an array element at a given index, the programmer had to manufacture an EDSAC order referring to the correct address, then plant that order in the code.
To clarify the EDSAC program, an equivalent Pascal program is added as a comment. <lang edsac>
[Bubble sort demo for Rosetta Code website] [EDSAC program. Initial Orders 2]
[Sorts a list of double-word integers.
List must be loaded at an even address.
First item gives number of items to follow.
Address of list is placed in location 49.
List can then be referred to with code letter L.]
T49K
P300F [<---------- address of list here]
[Subroutine R2, reads positive integers during input of orders. Items separated by F; list ends with #TZ.] GKT20FVDL8FA40DUDTFI40FA40FS39FG@S2FG23FA5@T5@E4@E13Z
[Tell R2 where to store integers it reads from tape.]
T #L ['T m D' in documentation, but this also works]
[Lists of integers, comment out all except one] [10 integers from digits of pi] 10F314159F265358F979323F846264F338327F950288F419716F939937F510582F097494#TZ
[32 integers from digits of e ] [32F 27182818F28459045F23536028F74713526F62497757F24709369F99595749F66967627F 72407663F03535475F94571382F17852516F64274274F66391932F00305992F18174135F 96629043F57290033F42952605F95630738F13232862F79434907F63233829F88075319F 52510190F11573834F18793070F21540891F49934884F16750924F47614606F68082264#TZ]
[Library subroutine P7, prints positive integer at 0D.
35 locations; load at aneven address.]
T 56 K
GKA3FT26@H28#@NDYFLDT4DS27@TFH8@S8@T1FV4DAFG31@SFLDUFOFFFSFL4F
T4DA1FA27@G11@XFT28#ZPFT27ZP1024FP610D@524D!FO30@SFL8FE22@
[The EDSAC code below implements the following Pascal program,
where the integers to be sorted are in a 1-based array x.
Since the assembler used (EdsacPC by Martin Campbell-Kelly)
doesn't allow square brackets inside comments, they are
replaced here by curly brackets.]
[
swapped := true;
j := n; // number of items
while (swapped and (j >= 2)) do begin
swapped := false;
for i := 1 to j - 1 do begin
// Using temp in the comparison makes the EDSAC code a bit simpler
temp := x{i};
if (x{i + 1} < temp) then begin
x{i} := x{i + 1};
x{i + 1} := temp;
swapped := true;
end;
end;
dec(j);
end;
]
[Main routine]
T 100 K
G K
[0] P F P F [double-word temporary store]
[2] P F [flag for swapped, >= 0 if true, < 0 if false]
[3] P F ['A' order for x{j}; implicitly defines j]
[4] P 2 F [to change list index by 1, i.e.change address by 2]
[5] A #L ['A' order for number of items]
[6] A 2#L ['A' order for x{1}]
[7] A 4#L ['A' order for x{2}]
[8] I2046 F [add to convert 'A' order to 'T' and dec address by 2]
[9] K4096 F [(1) minimum 17-bit value (2) teleprinter null]
[10] P D [constant 1, used in printing]
[11] # F [figure shift]
[12] & F [line feed]
[13] @ F [carriage return]
[Enter here with acc = 0]
[14] T 2 @ [swapped := true]
A L [get count, n in Pascal program above]
L 1 F [times 4 by shifting]
A 5 @ [make 'A' order for x{n}; initializes j := n]
[Start 'while' loop of Pascal program.
Here acc = 'A' order for x{j}]
[18] U 3 @ [update j]
S 7 @ [subtract 'A' order for x{2}]
G 56 @ [if j < 2 then done]
T F [acc := 0]
A 2 @ [test for swapped, acc >= 0 if so]
G 56 @ [if not swapped then done]
A 9 @ [change acc from >= 0 to < 0]
T 2 @ [swapped := false until swap occurs]
A 6 @ ['A' order for x{1}; initializes i := 1]
[Start 'for' loop of Pascal program.
Here acc = 'A' order for x{i}]
[27] U 36 @ [store order]
S 3 @ [subtract 'A' order for x{j}]
E 52 @ [out of 'for' loop if i >= j]
T F [clear acc]
A 36 @ [load 'A' order for x{i}]
A 4 @ [inc address by 2]
U 38 @ [plant 'A' order for x{i + 1}]
A 8 @ ['A' to 'T', and dec address by 2]
T 42 @ [plant 'T' order for x{i}]
[36] A #L [load x{i}; this order implicitly defines i]
T #@ [temp := x{i}]
[38] A #L [load x{i + 1}]
S #@ [acc := x{i + 1} - temp]
E 49 @ [don't swap if x{i + 1} >= temp]
[Here to swap x{i} and x{i + 1}]
A #@ [restore acc := x{i + 1} after test]
[42] T #L [x{i} := x{i + 1}]
A 42 @ [load 'T' order for x{i}]
A 4 @ [inc address by 2]
T 47 @ [plant 'T' order for x{i + 1}]
A #@ [load temp]
[47] T #L [to x{i + 1}]
T 2 @ [swapped := 0 (true)]
[49] T F [clear acc]
A 38 @ [load 'A' order for x{i + 1}]
G 27 @ [loop (unconditional) to inc i]
[52] T F
A 3 @ [load 'A' order for x{j}]
S 4 @ [dec address by 2]
G 18 @ [loop (unconditional) to dec j]
[Print the sorted list of integers]
[56] O 11 @ [figure shift]
T F [clear acc]
A 5 @ [load 'A' order for head of list]
T 65 @ [plant in code below]
S L [load negative number of items]
[61] T @ [use first word of temp store for count]
A 65 @ [load 'A' order for item]
A 4 @ [inc address by 2]
T 65 @ [store back]
[65] A #L [load next item in list]
T D [to 0D for printing]
[67] A 67 @ [for subroutine return]
G 56 F [print integer, clears acc]
O 13 @ [print CR]
O 12 @ [print LF]
A @ [negative count]
A 10 @ [add 1]
G 61 @ [loop back till count = 0]
[74] O 9 @ [null to flush teleprinter buffer]
Z F [stop]
E 14 Z [define entry point]
P F [acc = 0 on entry]
</lang>
- Output:
97494
265358
314159
338327
419716
510582
846264
939937
950288
979323
Eiffel
This solution is presented in two classes. The first is a simple application that creates a set, an instance of MY_SORTED_SET, and adds elements to the set in unsorted order. It iterates across the set printing the elements, then it sorts the set, and reprints the elements.
<lang eiffel>class
APPLICATION
create
make
feature
make
-- Create and print sorted set
do
create my_set.make
my_set.put_front (2)
my_set.put_front (6)
my_set.put_front (1)
my_set.put_front (5)
my_set.put_front (3)
my_set.put_front (9)
my_set.put_front (8)
my_set.put_front (4)
my_set.put_front (10)
my_set.put_front (7)
print ("Before: ")
across my_set as ic loop print (ic.item.out + " ") end
print ("%NAfter : ")
my_set.sort
across my_set as ic loop print (ic.item.out + " ") end
end
my_set: MY_SORTED_SET [INTEGER]
-- Set to be sorted
end</lang>
The second class is MY_SORTED_SET.
<lang eiffel>class
MY_SORTED_SET [G -> COMPARABLE]
inherit
TWO_WAY_SORTED_SET [G]
redefine
sort
end
create
make
feature
sort
-- Sort with bubble sort
local
l_unchanged: BOOLEAN
l_item_count: INTEGER
l_temp: G
do
from
l_item_count := count
until
l_unchanged
loop
l_unchanged := True
l_item_count := l_item_count - 1
across 1 |..| l_item_count as ic loop
if Current [ic.item] > Current [ic.item + 1] then
l_temp := Current [ic.item]
Current [ic.item] := Current [ic.item + 1]
Current [ic.item + 1] := l_temp
l_unchanged := False
end
end
end
end
end</lang>
This class inherits from the Eiffel library class TWO_WAY_SORTED_SET, which implements sets whose elements are comparable. Therefore, the set can be ordered and in fact is kept so under normal circumstances.
MY_SORTED_SET redefines only the routine sort which contains the implementation of the sort algorithm. The implementation in the redefined version of sort in MY_SORTED_SET uses a bubble sort.
- Output:
Before: 7 10 4 8 9 3 5 1 6 2 After : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TWO_WAY_SORTED_SET is implemented internally as a list.
For this example, we use the feature put_front which explicitly adds each new element to the beginning of the list, allowing us to show that the elements are unordered until we sort them.
It also causes, in the "Before" output, the elements to be printed in the reverse of the order in which they were added.
Under normal circumstances, we would use the feature extend (rather than put_front) to add elements to the list.
This would assure that the order was maintained even as elements were added.
Elena
ELENA 5.0 : <lang elena>import system'routines; import extensions;
extension op {
bubbleSort()
{
var list := self.clone();
bool madeChanges := true;
int itemCount := list.Length;
while (madeChanges)
{
madeChanges := false;
itemCount -= 1;
for(int i := 0, i < itemCount, i += 1)
{
if (list[i] > list[i + 1])
{
list.exchange(i,i+1);
madeChanges := true
}
}
};
^ list
}
}
public program() {
var list := new int[]{3, 7, 3, 2, 1, -4, 10, 12, 4};
console.printLine(list.bubbleSort().asEnumerable())
}</lang>
- Output:
-4,1,2,3,3,4,7,10,12
Elixir
<lang elixir>defmodule Sort do
def bsort(list) when is_list(list) do t = bsort_iter(list)
if t == list, do: t, else: bsort(t) end
def bsort_iter([x, y | t]) when x > y, do: [y | bsort_iter([x | t])] def bsort_iter([x, y | t]), do: [x | bsort_iter([y | t])] def bsort_iter(list), do: list
end</lang>
Erlang
sort/3 copied from Stackoverflow. <lang Erlang> -module( bubble_sort ).
-export( [list/1, task/0] ).
list( To_be_sorted ) -> sort( To_be_sorted, [], true ).
task() -> List = "asdqwe123", Sorted = list( List ), io:fwrite( "List ~p is sorted ~p~n", [List, Sorted] ).
sort( [], Acc, true ) -> lists:reverse( Acc );
sort( [], Acc, false ) -> sort( lists:reverse(Acc), [], true );
sort( [X, Y | T], Acc, _Done ) when X > Y -> sort( [X | T], [Y | Acc], false );
sort( [X | T], Acc, Done ) -> sort( T, [X | Acc], Done ).
</lang>
- Output:
7> bubble_sort:task(). List "asdqwe123" is sorted "123adeqsw"
ERRE
<lang ERRE> PROGRAM BUBBLE_SORT
DIM FLIPS%,N,J
DIM A%[100]
BEGIN
! init random number generator
RANDOMIZE(TIMER)
! fills array A% with random data
FOR N=1 TO UBOUND(A%,1) DO
A%[N]=RND(1)*256
END FOR
! sort array
FLIPS%=TRUE
WHILE FLIPS% DO
FLIPS%=FALSE
FOR N=1 TO UBOUND(A%,1)-1 DO
IF A%[N]>A%[N+1] THEN
SWAP(A%[N],A%[N+1])
FLIPS%=TRUE
END IF
END FOR
END WHILE
! print sorted array
FOR N=1 TO UBOUND(A%,1) DO
PRINT(A%[N];)
END FOR
PRINT
END PROGRAM </lang>
Euphoria
<lang euphoria>function bubble_sort(sequence s)
object tmp
integer changed
for j = length(s) to 1 by -1 do
changed = 0
for i = 1 to j-1 do
if compare(s[i], s[i+1]) > 0 then
tmp = s[i]
s[i] = s[i+1]
s[i+1] = tmp
changed = 1
end if
end for
if not changed then
exit
end if
end for
return s
end function
include misc.e constant s = {4, 15, "delta", 2, -31, 0, "alfa", 19, "gamma", 2, 13, "beta", 782, 1}
puts(1,"Before: ") pretty_print(1,s,{2}) puts(1,"\nAfter: ") pretty_print(1,bubble_sort(s),{2})</lang>
- Output:
Before: {
4,
15,
"delta",
2,
-31,
0,
"alfa",
19,
"gamma",
2,
13,
"beta",
782,
1
}
After: {
-31,
0,
1,
2,
2,
4,
13,
15,
19,
782,
"alfa",
"beta",
"delta",
"gamma"
}
Ezhil
<lang Ezhil>
- இந்த நிரல் ஒரு பட்டியலில் உள்ள எண்களை Bubble Sort என்ற முறைப்படி ஏறுவரிசையிலும் பின்னர் அதையே இறங்குவரிசையிலும் அடுக்கித் தரும்
- மாதிரிக்கு நாம் ஏழு எண்களை எடுத்துக்கொள்வோம்
எண்கள் = [5, 1, 10, 8, 1, 21, 4, 2] எண்கள்பிரதி = எண்கள்
பதிப்பி "ஆரம்பப் பட்டியல்:" பதிப்பி எண்கள்
நீளம் = len(எண்கள்) குறைநீளம் = நீளம் - 1
@(குறைநீளம் != -1) வரை
மாற்றம் = -1 @(எண் = 0, எண் < குறைநீளம், எண் = எண் + 1) ஆக முதலெண் = எடு(எண்கள், எண்) இரண்டாமெண் = எடு(எண்கள், எண் + 1) @(முதலெண் > இரண்டாமெண்) ஆனால்
## பெரிய எண்களை ஒவ்வொன்றாகப் பின்னே நகர்த்துகிறோம்
வெளியேஎடு(எண்கள், எண்)
நுழைக்க(எண்கள், எண், இரண்டாமெண்)
வெளியேஎடு(எண்கள், எண் + 1)
நுழைக்க(எண்கள், எண் + 1, முதலெண்)
மாற்றம் = எண்
முடி
முடி
குறைநீளம் = மாற்றம்
முடி
பதிப்பி "ஏறு வரிசையில் அமைக்கப்பட்ட பட்டியல்:" பதிப்பி எண்கள்
- இதனை இறங்குவரிசைக்கு மாற்றுவதற்கு எளிய வழி
தலைகீழ்(எண்கள்)
- இப்போது, நாம் ஏற்கெனவே எடுத்துவைத்த எண்களின் பிரதியை Bubble Sort முறைப்படி இறங்குவரிசைக்கு மாற்றுவோம்
நீளம் = len(எண்கள்பிரதி) குறைநீளம் = நீளம் - 1
@(குறைநீளம் != -1) வரை
மாற்றம் = -1 @(எண் = 0, எண் < குறைநீளம், எண் = எண் + 1) ஆக முதலெண் = எடு(எண்கள்பிரதி, எண்) இரண்டாமெண் = எடு(எண்கள்பிரதி, எண் + 1) @(முதலெண் < இரண்டாமெண்) ஆனால்
## சிறிய எண்களை ஒவ்வொன்றாகப் பின்னே நகர்த்துகிறோம்
வெளியேஎடு(எண்கள்பிரதி, எண்)
நுழைக்க(எண்கள்பிரதி, எண், இரண்டாமெண்)
வெளியேஎடு(எண்கள்பிரதி, எண் + 1)
நுழைக்க(எண்கள்பிரதி, எண் + 1, முதலெண்)
மாற்றம் = எண்
முடி
முடி
குறைநீளம் = மாற்றம்
முடி
பதிப்பி "இறங்கு வரிசையில் அமைக்கப்பட்ட பட்டியல்:" பதிப்பி எண்கள்பிரதி
</lang>
F#
<lang fsharp>let BubbleSort (lst : list<int>) =
let rec sort accum rev lst =
match lst, rev with
| [], true -> accum |> List.rev
| [], false -> accum |> List.rev |> sort [] true
| x::y::tail, _ when x > y -> sort (y::accum) false (x::tail)
| head::tail, _ -> sort (head::accum) rev tail
sort [] true lst
</lang>
Factor
<lang factor>USING: fry kernel locals math math.order sequences sequences.private ; IN: rosetta.bubble
<PRIVATE
- ?exchange ( i seq quot -- ? )
i i 1 + [ seq nth-unsafe ] bi@ quot call +gt+ = :> doit? doit? [ i i 1 + seq exchange ] when doit? ; inline
- 1pass ( seq quot -- ? )
[ [ length 1 - iota ] keep ] dip '[ _ _ ?exchange ] [ or ] map-reduce ; inline
PRIVATE>
- sort! ( seq quot -- )
over empty? [ 2drop ] [ '[ _ _ 1pass ] loop ] if ; inline
- natural-sort! ( seq -- )
[ <=> ] sort! ;</lang>
It is possible to pass your own comparison operator to sort!, so you can f.e. sort your sequence backwards with passing [ >=< ] into it.
<lang factor>10 [ 10000 random ] replicate [ "Before: " write . ] [ "Natural: " write [ natural-sort! ] keep . ] [ "Reverse: " write [ [ >=< ] sort! ] keep . ] tri</lang>
Before: { 3707 5045 4661 1489 3140 7195 8844 6506 6322 3199 }
Natural: { 1489 3140 3199 3707 4661 5045 6322 6506 7195 8844 }
Reverse: { 8844 7195 6506 6322 5045 4661 3707 3199 3140 1489 }
Fish
This is not a complete implementation of bubblesort: it doesn't keep a boolean flag whether to stop, so it goes on printing each stage of the sorting process ad infinitum.
<lang fish>v Sorts the (pre-loaded) stack
with bubblesort.
v < \l0=?;l& >&:1=?v1-&2[$:{:{](?${
>~{ao ^
>~}l &{ v
o","{n:&-1^?=0:&<</lang>
Forth
Sorts the 'cnt' cells stored at 'addr' using the test stored in the deferred word 'bubble-test'. Uses forth local variables for clarity.
<lang forth>defer bubble-test ' > is bubble-test
- bubble { addr cnt -- }
cnt 1 do
addr cnt i - cells bounds do
i 2@ bubble-test if i 2@ swap i 2! then
cell +loop
loop ;</lang>
This is the same algorithm done without the local variables:
<lang forth>: bubble ( addr cnt -- )
dup 1 do
2dup i - cells bounds do
i 2@ bubble-test if i 2@ swap i 2! then
cell +loop
loop ;</lang>
Version with O(n) best case: <lang forth>: bubble ( addr len -- )
begin
1- 2dup true -rot ( sorted addr len-1 )
cells bounds ?do
i 2@ bubble-test if
i 2@ swap i 2!
drop false ( mark unsorted )
then
cell +loop ( sorted )
until 2drop ;</lang>
Test any version with this:
create test 8 , 1 , 4 , 2 , 10 , 3 , 7 , 9 , 6 , 5 , here test - cell / constant tcnt test tcnt cells dump ' > is bubble-test test tcnt bubble test tcnt cells dump ' < is bubble-test test tcnt bubble test tcnt cells dump
Fortran
<lang fortran>SUBROUTINE Bubble_Sort(a)
REAL, INTENT(in out), DIMENSION(:) :: a
REAL :: temp
INTEGER :: i, j
LOGICAL :: swapped
DO j = SIZE(a)-1, 1, -1
swapped = .FALSE.
DO i = 1, j
IF (a(i) > a(i+1)) THEN
temp = a(i)
a(i) = a(i+1)
a(i+1) = temp
swapped = .TRUE.
END IF
END DO
IF (.NOT. swapped) EXIT
END DO
END SUBROUTINE Bubble_Sort</lang>
FreeBASIC
Per task pseudo code: <lang FreeBASIC>' version 21-10-2016 ' compile with: fbc -s console ' for boundry checks on array's compile with: fbc -s console -exx
Sub bubblesort(bs() As Long)
' sort from lower bound to the highter bound ' array's can have subscript range from -2147483648 to +2147483647 Dim As Long lb = LBound(bs) Dim As Long ub = UBound(bs) Dim As Long done, i
Do
done = 0
For i = lb To ub -1
' replace "<" with ">" for downwards sort
If bs(i) > bs(i +1) Then
Swap bs(i), bs(i +1)
done = 1
End If
Next
Loop Until done = 0
End Sub
' ------=< MAIN >=------
Dim As Long i, array(-7 To 7)
Dim As Long a = LBound(array), b = UBound(array)
Randomize Timer For i = a To b : array(i) = i : Next For i = a To b ' little shuffle
Swap array(i), array(Int(Rnd * (b - a +1)) + a)
Next
Print "unsort "; For i = a To b : Print Using "####"; array(i); : Next : Print bubblesort(array()) ' sort the array Print " sort "; For i = a To b : Print Using "####"; array(i); : Next : Print
' empty keyboard buffer While InKey <> "" : Wend Print : Print "hit any key to end program" Sleep End</lang>
- Output:
unsort -7 3 -4 -6 4 -1 -2 2 7 0 5 1 -3 -5 6 sort -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
g-fu
<lang g-fu> (fun bubbles (vs)
(let done? F n (len vs))
(while (not done?)
(set done? T n (- n 1))
(for (n i)
(let x (# vs i) j (+ i 1) y (# vs j))
(if (> x y) (set done? F (# vs i) y (# vs j) x))))
vs)
(bubbles '(2 1 3)) --- (1 2 3) </lang>
Gambas
Click this link to run this code <lang gambas>Public Sub Main() Dim byToSort As Byte[] = [249, 28, 111, 36, 171, 98, 29, 448, 44, 147, 154, 46, 102, 183, 24,
120, 19, 123, 2, 17, 226, 11, 211, 25, 191, 205, 77]
Dim byCount As Byte Dim bSorting As Boolean
Print "To sort: -" ShowWorking(byToSort) Print Repeat
bSorting = False
For byCount = 0 To byToSort.Max - 1
If byToSort[byCount] > byToSort[byCount + 1] Then
Swap byToSort[byCount], byToSort[byCount + 1]
bSorting = True
Endif
Next
If bSorting Then ShowWorking(byToSort)
Until bSorting = False End '----------------------------------------- Public Sub ShowWorking(byToSort As Byte[]) Dim byCount As Byte
For byCount = 0 To byToSort.Max
Print Str(byToSort[byCount]); If byCount <> byToSort.Max Then Print ",";
Next
End</lang> Output:
To sort: - 249,28,111,36,171,98,29,192,44,147,154,46,102,183,24,120,19,123,2,17,226,11,211,25,191,205,77 28,111,36,171,98,29,192,44,147,154,46,102,183,24,120,19,123,2,17,226,11,211,25,191,205,77,249 28,36,111,98,29,171,44,147,154,46,102,183,24,120,19,123,2,17,192,11,211,25,191,205,77,226,249 28,36,98,29,111,44,147,154,46,102,171,24,120,19,123,2,17,183,11,192,25,191,205,77,211,226,249 28,36,29,98,44,111,147,46,102,154,24,120,19,123,2,17,171,11,183,25,191,192,77,205,211,226,249 28,29,36,44,98,111,46,102,147,24,120,19,123,2,17,154,11,171,25,183,191,77,192,205,211,226,249 28,29,36,44,98,46,102,111,24,120,19,123,2,17,147,11,154,25,171,183,77,191,192,205,211,226,249 28,29,36,44,46,98,102,24,111,19,120,2,17,123,11,147,25,154,171,77,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 28,29,36,44,46,98,24,102,19,111,2,17,120,11,123,25,147,154,77,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 28,29,36,44,46,24,98,19,102,2,17,111,11,120,25,123,147,77,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 28,29,36,44,24,46,19,98,2,17,102,11,111,25,120,123,77,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 28,29,36,24,44,19,46,2,17,98,11,102,25,111,120,77,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 28,29,24,36,19,44,2,17,46,11,98,25,102,111,77,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 28,24,29,19,36,2,17,44,11,46,25,98,102,77,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 24,28,19,29,2,17,36,11,44,25,46,98,77,102,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 24,19,28,2,17,29,11,36,25,44,46,77,98,102,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 19,24,2,17,28,11,29,25,36,44,46,77,98,102,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 19,2,17,24,11,28,25,29,36,44,46,77,98,102,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 2,17,19,11,24,25,28,29,36,44,46,77,98,102,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 2,17,11,19,24,25,28,29,36,44,46,77,98,102,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249 2,11,17,19,24,25,28,29,36,44,46,77,98,102,111,120,123,147,154,171,183,191,192,205,211,226,249
Go
Per task pseudocode: <lang go>package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
list := []int{31, 41, 59, 26, 53, 58, 97, 93, 23, 84}
fmt.Println("unsorted:", list)
bubblesort(list)
fmt.Println("sorted! ", list)
}
func bubblesort(a []int) {
for itemCount := len(a) - 1; ; itemCount-- {
hasChanged := false
for index := 0; index < itemCount; index++ {
if a[index] > a[index+1] {
a[index], a[index+1] = a[index+1], a[index]
hasChanged = true
}
}
if hasChanged == false {
break
}
}
}</lang>
More generic version that can sort anything that implements sort.Interface:
<lang go>package main
import (
"sort" "fmt"
)
func main() {
list := []int{31, 41, 59, 26, 53, 58, 97, 93, 23, 84}
fmt.Println("unsorted:", list)
bubblesort(sort.IntSlice(list))
fmt.Println("sorted! ", list)
}
func bubblesort(a sort.Interface) {
for itemCount := a.Len() - 1; ; itemCount-- {
hasChanged := false
for index := 0; index < itemCount; index++ {
if a.Less(index+1, index) {
a.Swap(index, index+1)
hasChanged = true
}
}
if !hasChanged {
break
}
}
}</lang>
Groovy
Solution: <lang groovy>def makeSwap = { a, i, j = i+1 -> print "."; ai,j = aj,i }
def checkSwap = { a, i, j = i+1 -> [(a[i] > a[j])].find { it }.each { makeSwap(a, i, j) } }
def bubbleSort = { list ->
boolean swapped = true
while (swapped) { swapped = (1..<list.size()).any { checkSwap(list, it-1) } }
list
}</lang>
Test Program: <lang groovy>println bubbleSort([23,76,99,58,97,57,35,89,51,38,95,92,24,46,31,24,14,12,57,78,4]) println bubbleSort([88,18,31,44,4,0,8,81,14,78,20,76,84,33,73,75,82,5,62,70,12,7,1])</lang>
- Output:
..............................................................................................................................................[4, 12, 14, 23, 24, 24, 31, 35, 38, 46, 51, 57, 57, 58, 76, 78, 89, 92, 95, 97, 99] .........................................................................................................................................[0, 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12, 14, 18, 20, 31, 33, 44, 62, 70, 73, 75, 76, 78, 81, 82, 84, 88]
Haskell
This version checks for changes in a separate step for simplicity, because Haskell has no variables to track them with. <lang haskell>bsort :: Ord a => [a] -> [a] bsort s = case _bsort s of
t | t == s -> t
| otherwise -> bsort t
where _bsort (x:x2:xs) | x > x2 = x2:(_bsort (x:xs))
| otherwise = x:(_bsort (x2:xs))
_bsort s = s</lang>
This version uses the polymorphic Maybe type to designate unchanged lists. (The type signature of _bsort is now Ord a => [a] -> Maybe [a].) It is slightly faster than the previous one.
<lang haskell>import Data.Maybe (fromMaybe) import Control.Monad
bsort :: Ord a => [a] -> [a] bsort s = maybe s bsort $ _bsort s
where _bsort (x:x2:xs) = if x > x2
then Just $ x2 : fromMaybe (x:xs) (_bsort $ x:xs)
else liftM (x:) $ _bsort (x2:xs)
_bsort _ = Nothing</lang>
This version is based on the above, but avoids sorting the whole list each time. To implement this without a counter and retain using pattern matching, inner sorting is reversed, and then the result is reversed back. Sorting is based on a predicate, e.g., (<) or (>).
<lang haskell>import Data.Maybe (fromMaybe) import Control.Monad
bubbleSortBy :: (a -> a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a] bubbleSortBy f as = case innerSort $ reverse as of
Nothing -> as
Just v -> let (x:xs) = reverse v
in x : bubbleSortBy f xs
where innerSort (a:b:cs) = if b `f` a
then liftM (a:) $ innerSort (b:cs)
else Just $ b : fromMaybe (a:cs)
(innerSort $ a:cs)
innerSort _ = Nothing
bsort :: Ord a => [a] -> [a] bsort = bubbleSortBy (<)</lang>
Haxe
<lang haxe>class BubbleSort {
@:generic
public static function sort<T>(arr:Array<T>) {
var madeChanges = false;
var itemCount = arr.length;
do {
madeChanges = false;
itemCount--;
for (i in 0...itemCount) {
if (Reflect.compare(arr[i], arr[i + 1]) > 0) {
var temp = arr[i + 1];
arr[i + 1] = arr[i];
arr[i] = temp;
madeChanges = true;
}
}
} while (madeChanges);
}
}
class Main {
static function main() {
var integerArray = [1, 10, 2, 5, -1, 5, -19, 4, 23, 0];
var floatArray = [1.0, -3.2, 5.2, 10.8, -5.7, 7.3,
3.5, 0.0, -4.1, -9.5];
var stringArray = ['We', 'hold', 'these', 'truths', 'to',
'be', 'self-evident', 'that', 'all',
'men', 'are', 'created', 'equal'];
Sys.println('Unsorted Integers: ' + integerArray);
BubbleSort.sort(integerArray);
Sys.println('Sorted Integers: ' + integerArray);
Sys.println('Unsorted Floats: ' + floatArray);
BubbleSort.sort(floatArray);
Sys.println('Sorted Floats: ' + floatArray);
Sys.println('Unsorted Strings: ' + stringArray);
BubbleSort.sort(stringArray);
Sys.println('Sorted Strings: ' + stringArray);
}
}</lang>
- Output:
Unsorted Integers: [1,10,2,5,-1,5,-19,4,23,0] Sorted Integers: [-19,-1,0,1,2,4,5,5,10,23] Unsorted Floats: [1,-3.2,5.2,10.8,-5.7,7.3,3.5,0,-4.1,-9.5] Sorted Floats: [-9.5,-5.7,-4.1,-3.2,0,1,3.5,5.2,7.3,10.8] Unsorted Strings: [We,hold,these,truths,to,be,self-evident,that,all,men,are,created,equal] Sorted Strings: [We,all,are,be,created,equal,hold,men,self-evident,that,these,to,truths]
HicEst
<lang fortran>SUBROUTINE Bubble_Sort(a)
REAL :: a(1)
DO j = LEN(a)-1, 1, -1
swapped = 0
DO i = 1, j
IF (a(i) > a(i+1)) THEN
temp = a(i)
a(i) = a(i+1)
a(i+1) = temp
swapped = 1
ENDIF
ENDDO
IF (swapped == 0) RETURN
ENDDO
END</lang>
Icon and Unicon
Icon/Unicon implementation of a bubble sort <lang Icon>procedure main() #: demonstrate various ways to sort a list and string
demosort(bubblesort,[3, 14, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 3],"qwerty")
end
procedure bubblesort(X,op) #: return sorted list local i,swapped
op := sortop(op,X) # select how and what we sort
swapped := 1
while \swapped := &null do # the sort
every i := 2 to *X do
if op(X[i],X[i-1]) then
X[i-1] :=: X[swapped := i]
return X
end</lang>
- Output:
Sorting Demo using procedure bubblesort
on list : [ 3 14 1 5 9 2 6 3 ]
with op = &null: [ 1 2 3 3 5 6 9 14 ] (0 ms)
with op = "numeric": [ 1 2 3 3 5 6 9 14 ] (0 ms)
with op = "string": [ 1 14 2 3 3 5 6 9 ] (0 ms)
with op = ">>": [ 9 6 5 3 3 2 14 1 ] (0 ms)
with op = ">": [ 14 9 6 5 3 3 2 1 ] (0 ms)
with op = procedure cmp: [ 1 2 3 3 5 6 9 14 ] (1 ms)
with op = "cmp": [ 1 2 3 3 5 6 9 14 ] (0 ms)
on string : "qwerty"
with op = &null: "eqrtwy" (0 ms)
The following code supports this and other sorting demonstrations.
- Sorting illustrates a difference in the way Icon and Unicon handles data types. Built-in operators for comparing data types make a syntactic distinction between numeric and string types, and sorting structured and user-defined types require custom code. An added complication arises because mixed types are allowed. Two approaches are possible here: (1) that taken by the built-in sort which sorts first by type and then value The sort order of types is: &null, integer, real, string, cset, procedure, list, set, table, and record; and (2) Coercion of types which is used here (and implemented in 'sortop') to decide on using string or numeric sorting. These sorts will not handle more exotic type mixes.
- The 'sortop' procedure allows various methods of comparison be selected including customized ones. The example could be made more general to deal with coercion of types like cset to string (admittedly an uninteresting example as csets are already sorted). Custom comparators are shown by and example procedure 'cmp'.
- 'demosort' can apply different sorting procedures and operators to lists and strings to show how this works. The routines 'displaysort' and 'writex' are helpers.
<lang icon>invocable all # for op
procedure sortop(op,X) #: select how to sort
op := case op of {
"string": "<<"
"numeric": "<"
&null: if type(!X) == "string" then "<<" else "<"
default: op
}
return proc(op, 2) | runerr(123, image(op)) end
procedure cmp(a,b) #: example custom comparison procedure
return a < b # Imagine a complex comparison test here!
end
procedure demosort(sortproc,L,s) # demonstrate sort on L and s
write("Sorting Demo using ",image(sortproc))
writes(" on list : ")
writex(L)
displaysort(sortproc,L) # default string sort
displaysort(sortproc,L,"numeric") # explicit numeric sort
displaysort(sortproc,L,"string") # explicit string sort
displaysort(sortproc,L,">>") # descending string sort
displaysort(sortproc,L,">") # descending numeric sort
displaysort(sortproc,L,cmp) # ascending custom comparison
displaysort(sortproc,L,"cmp") # ascending custom comparison
writes(" on string : ")
writex(s)
displaysort(sortproc,s) # sort characters in a string
write()
return
end
procedure displaysort(sortproc,X,op) #: helper to show sort behavior local t,SX
writes(" with op = ",left(image(op)||":",15))
X := copy(X)
t := &time
SX := sortproc(X,op)
writex(SX," (",&time - t," ms)")
return
end
procedure writex(X,suf[]) #: helper for displaysort
if type(X) == "string" then
writes(image(X))
else {
writes("[")
every writes(" ",image(!X))
writes(" ]")
}
every writes(!suf)
write()
return end</lang>
Io
<lang Io> List do(
bubblesort := method(
t := true
while( t,
t := false
for( j, 0, self size - 2,
if( self at( j ) start > self at( j+1 ) start,
self swapIndices( j,j+1 )
t := true
)
)
)
return( self )
)
) </lang>
J
<lang j>bubbleSort=: (([ (<. , >.) {.@]) , }.@])/^:_</lang>
Test program:
<lang j> ?. 10 $ 10 4 6 8 6 5 8 6 6 6 9
bubbleSort ?. 10 $ 10
4 5 6 6 6 6 6 8 8 9</lang>
For the most part, bubble sort works against J's strengths. However, once a single pass has been implemented as a list operation, ^:_ tells J to repeat this until the result stops changing.
Janet
<lang janet> (defn bubble-sort!
[arr]
(def arr-len (length arr))
(when (< arr-len 2)
(break arr))
# at this point there are two or more elements
(loop [i :down-to [(dec arr-len) 0]]
(for j 0 i
(def left-elt (get arr j))
(def right-elt (get arr (inc j)))
(when (> left-elt right-elt)
(put arr j right-elt)
(put arr (inc j) left-elt))))
arr)
(comment
(let [n 100
arr (seq [i :range [0 n]]
(* n (math/random)))]
(deep= (bubble-sort! (array ;arr))
(sort (array ;arr))))
# => true
)
</lang>
Java
Bubble sorting (ascending) an array of any Comparable type: <lang java>public static <E extends Comparable<? super E>> void bubbleSort(E[] comparable) {
boolean changed = false;
do {
changed = false;
for (int a = 0; a < comparable.length - 1; a++) {
if (comparable[a].compareTo(comparable[a + 1]) > 0) {
E tmp = comparable[a];
comparable[a] = comparable[a + 1];
comparable[a + 1] = tmp;
changed = true;
}
}
} while (changed);
}</lang>
For descending, simply switch the direction of comparison: <lang java>if (comparable[a].compareTo(comparable[b]) < 0){
//same swap code as before
}</lang>
JavaScript
<lang javascript>Array.prototype.bubblesort = function() {
var done = false;
while (!done) {
done = true;
for (var i = 1; i<this.length; i++) {
if (this[i-1] > this[i]) {
done = false;
[this[i-1], this[i]] = [this[i], this[i-1]]
}
}
}
return this;
}</lang>
<lang javascript>Array.prototype.bubblesort = function() {
var done = false;
while (! done) {
done = true;
for (var i = 1; i < this.length; i++) {
if (this[i - 1] > this[i]) {
done = false;
var tmp = this[i - 1];
this[i - 1] = this[i];
this[i] = tmp;
}
}
}
return this;
}</lang>
Example: <lang javascript>var my_arr = ["G", "F", "C", "A", "B", "E", "D"]; my_arr.bubblesort(); print(my_arr);</lang>
- Output:
A,B,C,D,E,F,G
webpage version (for the rest of us): <lang javascript><script> Array.prototype.bubblesort = function() {
var done = false;
while (!done) {
done = true;
for (var i = 1; i<this.length; i++) {
if (this[i-1] > this[i]) {
done = false;
[this[i-1], this[i]] = [this[i], this[i-1]]
}
}
}
return this;
} var my_arr = ["G", "F", "C", "A", "B", "E", "D"]; my_arr.bubblesort(); output=;
for (var i = 0; i < my_arr.length; i++) {
output+=my_arr[i]; if (i < my_arr.length-1) output+=',';
}
document.write(output); </script></lang>
jq
<lang jq>def bubble_sort:
def swap(i;j): .[i] as $x | .[i]=.[j] | .[j]=$x;
# input/output: [changed, list]
reduce range(0; length) as $i
( [false, .];
if $i > 0 and (.[0]|not) then .
else reduce range(0; (.[1]|length) - $i - 1) as $j
(.[0] = false;
.[1] as $list
| if $list[$j] > $list[$j + 1] then [true, ($list|swap($j; $j+1))]
else .
end )
end ) | .[1] ;</lang>
Example: <lang jq>(
[3,2,1], [1,2,3], ["G", "F", "C", "A", "B", "E", "D"]
) | bubble_sort</lang>
- Output:
<lang sh>$ jq -c -n -f Bubble_sort.jq [1,2,3] [1,2,3] ["A","B","C","D","E","F","G"]</lang>
Julia
<lang julia>function bubblesort!(arr::AbstractVector)
for _ in 2:length(arr), j in 1:length(arr)-1
if arr[j] > arr[j+1]
arr[j], arr[j+1] = arr[j+1], arr[j]
end
end
return arr
end
v = rand(-10:10, 10) println("# unordered: $v\n -> ordered: ", bubblesort!(v))</lang>
- Output:
# unordered: [7, 4, -1, -8, 8, -1, 5, 6, -3, -5] -> ordered: [-8, -5, -3, -1, -1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
Kotlin
<lang scala>import java.util.Comparator
fun <T> bubbleSort(a: Array<T>, c: Comparator<T>) {
var changed: Boolean
do {
changed = false
for (i in 0..a.size - 2) {
if (c.compare(a[i], a[i + 1]) > 0) {
val tmp = a[i]
a[i] = a[i + 1]
a[i + 1] = tmp
changed = true
}
}
} while (changed)
}</lang>
Lambdatalk
<lang scheme> {def bubblesort
{def bubblesort.swap!
{lambda {:a :n :i}
{if {> :i :n}
then :a
else {bubblesort.swap! {if {> {A.get :i :a} {A.get {+ :i 1} :a}}
then {A.set! :i {A.get {+ :i 1} :a}
{A.set! {+ :i 1} {A.get :i :a} :a}}
else :a}
:n
{+ :i 1}} }}}
{def bubblesort.r
{lambda {:a :n}
{if {<= :n 1}
then :a
else {bubblesort.r {bubblesort.swap! :a :n 0}
{- :n 1}} }}}
{lambda {:a}
{bubblesort.r :a {- {A.length :a} 1}}}}
-> bubblesort
{bubblesort {A.new 0 3 86 20 27 67 31 16 37 42 8 47 7 84 5 29}} -> [0,3,5,7,8,16,20,27,29,31,37,42,47,67,84,86] </lang>
Liberty BASIC
<lang lb>
itemCount = 20
dim item(itemCount)
for i = 1 to itemCount
item(i) = int(rnd(1) * 100)
next i
print "Before Sort"
for i = 1 to itemCount
print item(i)
next i
print: print
counter = itemCount
do
hasChanged = 0
for i = 1 to counter - 1
if item(i) > item(i + 1) then
temp = item(i)
item(i) = item(i + 1)
item(i + 1) = temp
hasChanged = 1
end if
next i
counter =counter -1
loop while hasChanged = 1
print "After Sort"
for i = 1 to itemCount
print item(i)
next i
end </lang>
Lisaac
<lang Lisaac>Section Header
+ name := BUBBLE_SORT;
- external := `#include <time.h>`;
Section Public
- main <- (
+ a : ARRAY(INTEGER);
a := ARRAY(INTEGER).create 0 to 100;
`srand(time(NULL))`;
0.to 100 do { i : INTEGER;
a.put `rand()`:INTEGER to i;
};
bubble a;
a.foreach { item : INTEGER;
item.print;
'\n'.print;
};
);
- bubble a : ARRAY(INTEGER) <- (
+ lower, size, t : INTEGER;
+ sorted : BOOLEAN;
lower := a.lower;
size := a.upper - lower + 1;
{
sorted := TRUE;
size := size - 1;
0.to (size - 1) do { i : INTEGER;
(a.item(lower + i + 1) < a.item(lower + i)).if {
t := a.item(lower + i + 1);
a.put (a.item(lower + i)) to (lower + i + 1);
a.put t to (lower + i);
sorted := FALSE;
};
};
}.do_while {!sorted};
);</lang>
Lua
<lang Lua> function bubbleSort(A)
local itemCount=#A
local hasChanged
repeat
hasChanged = false
itemCount=itemCount - 1
for i = 1, itemCount do
if A[i] > A[i + 1] then
A[i], A[i + 1] = A[i + 1], A[i]
hasChanged = true
end
end
until hasChanged == false
end </lang>
Example: <lang lua> list = { 5, 6, 1, 2, 9, 14, 2, 15, 6, 7, 8, 97 } bubbleSort(list) for i, j in pairs(list) do
print(j)
end </lang>
Lucid
[1] <lang lucid>bsort(a) = if iseod(first a) then a else
follow(bsort(allbutlast(b)),last(b)) fi
where
b = bubble(a);
bubble(a) = smaller(max, next a)
where
max = first a fby larger(max, next a);
larger(x,y) = if iseod(y) then y elseif x
end;
follow(x,y) = if xdone then y upon xdone else x fi
where
xdone = iseod x fby xdone or iseod x;
end;
last(x) = (x asa iseod next x) fby eod;
allbutlast(x) = if not iseod(next x) then x else eod fi;
end</lang>
M2000 Interpreter
A=(1,2,3,4) is a pointer to an auto array. We can read one item Array(A,0)=1, or we can add 1 to all items A++, or add 5 to all items A+=5. We can link to standard interface, Link A to A() so now A(1)++ increment 2nd item by one. Print A print all items, one per column
A=Stack:=1,2,3,4 is a pointer to a stack object. We can read any item using StackItem(), from 1 (we can omit number 1 for first item, the top). Stack items can be move very fast, it is a linked list. To apply stack statements we have to make A as current stack (preserving current stack) using Stack A { }, so we can drop 2 items (1 and 2) using Stack A {Drop 2}. Print A print all items, one per column
<lang M2000 Interpreter>
Module Bubble {
function bubblesort {
dim a()
\\ [] is a stack object, interpreter pass current stack pointer, and set a new stack for current stack
\\ array( stackobject ) get a stack object and return an array
a()=array([])
itemcount=len(a())
repeat {
haschange=false
if itemcount>1 then {
for index=0 to itemcount-2 {
if a(index)>a(index+1) then swap a(index), a(index+1) : haschange=true
}
}
itemcount--
} until not haschange
=a()
}
\\ function can take parameters
Print bubblesort(5,3,2,7,6,1)
A=(2, 10, 17, 13, 20, 14, 3, 17, 16, 16)
\\ !A copy values from array A to function stack
B=bubblesort(!A)
Print Len(A)=10
Print B
\\ Print array in descending order
k=each(b, -1, 1)
While k {
Print Array(k),
}
\\ sort two arrays in one
Print BubbleSort(!A, !B)
\\ We can use a stack object, and values pop from object
Z=Stack:=2, 10, 17, 13, 20, 14, 3, 17, 16, 16
Print Len(Z)=10
Def GetStack(x)=Stack(x)
Z1=GetStack(BubbleSort(!Z))
Print Type$(Z1)="mStiva"
Print Z1
Print Len(Z1)
Print Len(Z)=0 ' now Z is empty
} Bubble </lang>
M4
<lang M4>divert(-1)
define(`randSeed',141592653) define(`setRand',
`define(`randSeed',ifelse(eval($1<10000),1,`eval(20000-$1)',`$1'))')
define(`rand_t',`eval(randSeed^(randSeed>>13))') define(`random',
`define(`randSeed',eval((rand_t^(rand_t<<18))&0x7fffffff))randSeed')
define(`set',`define(`$1[$2]',`$3')') define(`get',`defn(`$1[$2]')') define(`new',`set($1,size,0)') dnl for the heap calculations, it's easier if origin is 0, so set value first define(`append',
`set($1,size,incr(get($1,size)))`'set($1,get($1,size),$2)')
dnl swap(<name>,<j>,<name>[<j>],<k>) using arg stack for the temporary define(`swap',`set($1,$2,get($1,$4))`'set($1,$4,$3)')
define(`deck',
`new($1)for(`x',1,$2,
`append(`$1',eval(random%100))')')
define(`show',
`for(`x',1,get($1,size),`get($1,x) ')')
define(`for',
`ifelse($#,0,``$0, `ifelse(eval($2<=$3),1, `pushdef(`$1',$2)$4`'popdef(`$1')$0(`$1',incr($2),$3,`$4')')')')
define(`bubbleonce',
`for(`x',1,$2,
`ifelse(eval(get($1,x)>get($1,incr(x))),1,
`swap($1,x,get($1,x),incr(x))`'1')')0')
define(`bubbleupto',
`ifelse(bubbleonce($1,$2),0,
`',
`bubbleupto($1,decr($2))')')
define(`bubblesort',
`bubbleupto($1,decr(get($1,size)))')
divert deck(`a',10) show(`a') bubblesort(`a') show(`a')</lang>
- Output:
17 63 80 55 90 88 25 9 71 38 9 17 25 38 55 63 71 80 88 90
Maple
<lang>arr := Array([17,3,72,0,36,2,3,8,40,0]): len := numelems(arr): while(true) do change := false: len--; for i from 1 to len do if (arr[i] > arr[i+1]) then temp := arr[i]: arr[i] := arr[i+1]: arr[i+1] := temp: change := true: end if: end do: if (not change) then break end if: end do: arr;</lang>
- Output:
[0,0,2,3,3,8,17,36,40,72]
Mathematica/Wolfram Language
Using pattern matching
<lang Mathematica>bubbleSort[{w___, x_, y_, z___}] /; x > y := bubbleSort[{w, y, x, z}] bubbleSort[sortedList_] := sortedList bubbleSort[{10, 3, 7, 1, 4, 3, 8, 13, 9}]</lang>
- Output:
{1, 3, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13}
Classic version
<lang Mathematica>ClearAll[BubbleSort] BubbleSort[in_List] := Module[{x = in, l = Length[in], swapped},
swapped = True; While[swapped, swapped = False; Do[ If[xi > xi + 1, x[[{i, i + 1}]] //= Reverse; swapped = True; ] , {i, l - 1} ]; ]; x ]
BubbleSort[{1, 12, 3, 7, 2, 8, 4, 7, 6}]</lang>
- Output:
{1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 7, 8, 12}
MATLAB
<lang MATLAB>function list = bubbleSort(list)
hasChanged = true;
itemCount = numel(list);
while(hasChanged)
hasChanged = false;
itemCount = itemCount - 1;
for index = (1:itemCount)
if(list(index) > list(index+1))
list([index index+1]) = list([index+1 index]); %swap
hasChanged = true;
end %if
end %for
end %while
end %bubbleSort</lang>
- Output:
bubbleSort([5 3 8 4 9 7 6 2 1])
ans =
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
MAXScript
<lang maxscript>fn bubbleSort arr = (
while true do
(
changed = false
for i in 1 to (arr.count - 1) do
(
if arr[i] > arr[i+1] then
(
swap arr[i] arr[i+1]
changed = true
)
)
if not changed then exit
)
arr
)</lang>
-- Usage
<lang maxscript>myArr = #(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1) myArr = bubbleSort myArr</lang>
MMIX
<lang mmix>Ja IS $127
LOC Data_Segment
DataSeg GREG @ Array IS @-Data_Segment
OCTA 999,200,125,1,1020,40,4,5,60,100
ArrayLen IS (@-Array-Data_Segment)/8
NL IS @-Data_Segment BYTE #a,0 LOC @+(8-@)&7
Buffer IS @-Data_Segment
LOC #1000
GREG @
sorted IS $5 i IS $6 size IS $1 a IS $0 t IS $20 t1 IS $21 t2 IS $22 % Input: $0 ptr to array, $1 its length (in octabyte) % Trashed: $5, $6, $1, $20, $21, $22 BubbleSort SETL sorted,1 % sorted = true
SUB size,size,1 % size--
SETL i,0 % i = 0
3H CMP t,i,size % i < size ?
BNN t,1F % if false, end for loop
8ADDU $12,i,a % compute addresses of the
ADDU t,i,1 % octas a[i] and a[i+1]
8ADDU $11,t,a
LDO t1,$12,0 % get their values
LDO t2,$11,0
CMP t,t1,t2 % compare
BN t,2F % if t1<t2, next
STO t1,$11,0 % else swap them
STO t2,$12,0
SETL sorted,0 % sorted = false
2H INCL i,1 % i++
JMP 3B % next (for loop)
1H PBZ sorted,BubbleSort % while sorted is false, loop
GO Ja,Ja,0
% Help function (Print an octabyte) % Input: $0 (the octabyte) BufSize IS 64
GREG @
PrintInt8 ADDU t,DataSeg,Buffer % get buffer address
ADDU t,t,BufSize % end of buffer
SETL t1,0 % final 0 for Fputs
STB t1,t,0
1H SUB t,t,1 % t--
DIV $0,$0,10 % ($0,rR) = divmod($0,10)
GET t1,rR % get reminder
INCL t1,'0' % turn it into ascii digit
STB t1,t,0 % store it
PBNZ $0,1B % if $0 /= 0, loop
OR $255,t,0 % $255 = t
TRAP 0,Fputs,StdOut
GO Ja,Ja,0 % print and return
Main ADDU $0,DataSeg,Array % $0 = Array address
SETL $1,ArrayLen % $1 = Array Len
GO Ja,BubbleSort % BubbleSort it
SETL $4,ArrayLen % $4 = ArrayLen
ADDU $3,DataSeg,Array % $3 = Array address 2H BZ $4,1F % if $4 == 0, break
LDO $0,$3,0 % $0 = * ($3 + 0)
GO Ja,PrintInt8 % print the octa
ADDU $255,DataSeg,NL % add a trailing newline
TRAP 0,Fputs,StdOut
ADDU $3,$3,8 % next octa
SUB $4,$4,1 % $4--
JMP 2B % loop 1H XOR $255,$255,$255
TRAP 0,Halt,0 % exit(0)</lang>
Modula-2
<lang modula2>PROCEDURE BubbleSort(VAR a: ARRAY OF INTEGER);
VAR changed: BOOLEAN; temp, count, i: INTEGER;
BEGIN
count := HIGH(a);
REPEAT
changed := FALSE;
DEC(count);
FOR i := 0 TO count DO
IF a[i] > a[i+1] THEN
temp := a[i];
a[i] := a[i+1];
a[i+1] := temp;
changed := TRUE
END
END
UNTIL NOT changed
END BubbleSort;</lang>
Modula-3
<lang modula3>MODULE Bubble;
PROCEDURE Sort(VAR a: ARRAY OF INTEGER) =
VAR sorted: BOOLEAN;
temp, len: INTEGER := LAST(a);
BEGIN
WHILE NOT sorted DO
sorted := TRUE;
DEC(len);
FOR i := FIRST(a) TO len DO
IF a[i+1] < a[i] THEN
temp := a[i];
a[i] := a[i + 1];
a[i + 1] := temp;
sorted := FALSE;
END;
END;
END;
END Sort;
END Bubble.</lang>
N/t/roff
This program may output to paper (Postscript/PDF or actual printout) or a line-printer/terminal depending on the device specification.
This implementation is not reverse-compatible classical TROFF from Bell Labs, as TROFF then was extremely limited in what it could do. It will work with GNU Troff, though. The classical version of TROFF could only do recursive macro calls, which is integral to the functioning of .AREADLN, but not .while looping constructs, which is integral to the functioning of .ASORT; it could also only support numerical registers with name consisting of two characters maximum, so a register named A9 would be okay (2 characters), but not A123 (4 characters).
Block comments start with .ig and end with ... Single-line comments begin with \"
<lang N/t/roff> .ig Bubble sort algorithm in Troff
==================
- For: Rosetta Code
- Author: Stephanie Björk (Katt)
- Date: December 1, 2017
.. .ig Array implementation: \(*A
This is an array implementation that takes advantage of Troff's numerical registers. Registers ``Ax``, where ``x`` is a base-10 Hindu-Arabic numeral and 0 < ``x`` < \(if, are used by array \(*A. The array counter which holds the number of items in the array is stored in register ``Ac``. This array implementation is one-indexed (array elements count from 1), though it could be hardcoded again to become zero-indexed depending on what the programmer favours. .. .nr Ac 0 1 \" Array counter . .de APUSH .nr A\\n+(Ac \\$1 .. \" de APUSH . .de AREADLN .APUSH \\$1 .if \\n(.$>1 \{ \ . shift . AREADLN \\$* \} \" if \\n(.$>1 .. \" de AREADLN . .de ASWAP .nr tmp \\n[A\\$1] .nr A\\$1 \\n[A\\$2] .nr A\\$2 \\n[tmp] .rm tmp .. \" de ASWAP . .de ASORT .nr swapped 1 .nr Ad \\n(Ac+1 .while \\n[swapped] \{ \ . nr swapped 0 . nr Ai 1 . nr Ad -1 . while \\n(Ai<\\n(Ad \{ \ . nr Aj \\n(Ai+1 . if \\n[A\\n(Ai]>\\n[A\\n(Aj] \{ \ . ASWAP \\n(Ai \\n(Aj . nr swapped 1 \} \" if \\n[A\\n(Ai]>\\n[A\\n(Aj] . nr Ai +1 \} \" while \\n(Ai<\\n(Ac \} \" while \\n[swapped] .. \" de ASORT . .ig Begin Program
The program's procedural body. Here, we push all our potentially-unsorted integer tokens sequentially, call a subroutine to sort them, and print all the sorted items. .. .AREADLN 12 87 23 77 0 66 45 92 3 0 2 1 9 9 5 4 4 4 \" Our input items to sort. .ASORT \" Sort all items in the array. . .\" Output sorted items .nr Ai 0 1 .while \n(Ai<\n(Ac \n[A\n+[Ai]] </lang>
Output
0 0 1 2 3 4 4 4 5 9 9 12 23 45 66 77 87 92
Nanoquery
<lang Nanoquery>def bubble_sort(seq) changed = true
while changed changed = false for i in range(0, len(seq) - 2) if seq[i] > seq[i + 1] temp = seq[i] seq[i] = seq[i + 1] seq[i + 1] = temp changed = true end end end
return seq end
if main import Nanoquery.Util; random = new(Random)
testset = list(range(0, 99)) testset = random.shuffle(testset) println testset + "\n"
testset = bubble_sort(testset) println testset end</lang>
- Output:
[97, 22, 91, 60, 79, 3, 1, 2, 18, 65, 85, 88, 40, 0, 56, 94, 67, 28, 17, 55, 71, 83, 77, 44, 80, 12, 13, 14, 54, 7, 4, 5, 59, 6, 43, 62, 21, 73, 45, 30, 66, 47, 10, 35, 11, 76, 34, 58, 96, 26, 15, 49, 84, 86, 29, 16, 69, 61, 9, 50, 25, 42, 23, 63, 99, 8, 51, 46, 53, 82, 48, 31, 36, 33, 19, 87, 37, 81, 39, 92, 24, 89, 41, 52, 93, 90, 72, 64, 70, 32, 27, 78, 68, 74, 38, 57, 98, 75, 20, 95] [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99]
Nemerle
Functional
<lang Nemerle>using System; using System.Console;
module Bubblesort {
Bubblesort[T] (x : list[T]) : list[T]
where T : IComparable
{
def isSorted(y)
{
|[_] => true
|y1::y2::ys => (y1.CompareTo(y2) < 0) && isSorted(y2::ys)
}
def sort(y)
{
|[y] => [y]
|y1::y2::ys => if (y1.CompareTo(y2) < 0) y1::sort(y2::ys)
else y2::sort(y1::ys)
}
def loop(y)
{
if (isSorted(y)) y else {def z = sort(y); loop(z)}
}
match(x)
{
|[] => []
|_ => loop(x)
}
}
Main() : void
{
def empty = [];
def single = [2];
def several = [2, 6, 1, 7, 3, 9, 4];
WriteLine(Bubblesort(empty));
WriteLine(Bubblesort(single));
WriteLine(Bubblesort(several));
}
}</lang>
Imperative
We use an array for this version so that we can update in place. We could use a C# style list (as in the C# example), but that seemed too easy to confuse with a Nemerle style list. <lang Nemerle>using System; using System.Console;
module Bubblesort {
public static Bubblesort[T](this x : array[T]) : void
where T : IComparable
{
mutable changed = false;
def ln = x.Length;
do
{
changed = false;
foreach (i in [0 .. (ln - 2)])
{
when (x[i].CompareTo(x[i + 1]) > 0)
{
x[i] <-> x[i + 1];
changed = true;
}
}
} while (changed);
}
Main() : void
{
def several = array[2, 6, 1, 7, 3, 9, 4];
several.Bubblesort();
foreach (i in several)
Write($"$i ");
}
}</lang>
NetRexx
<lang NetRexx>/* NetRexx */ options replace format comments java crossref savelog symbols binary
placesList = [String -
"UK London", "US New York" - , "US Boston", "US Washington" - , "UK Washington", "US Birmingham" - , "UK Birmingham", "UK Boston" -
] sortedList = bubbleSort(String[] Arrays.copyOf(placesList, placesList.length))
lists = [placesList, sortedList] loop ln = 0 to lists.length - 1
cl = lists[ln] loop ct = 0 to cl.length - 1 say cl[ct] end ct say end ln
return
method bubbleSort(list = String[]) public constant binary returns String[]
listLen = list.length loop i_ = 0 to listLen - 1
loop j_ = i_ + 1 to listLen - 1
if list[i_].compareTo(list[j_]) > 0 then do
tmpstor = list[j_]
list[j_] = list[i_]
list[i_] = tmpstor
end
end j_
end i_
return list </lang>
- Output:
UK London US New York US Boston US Washington UK Washington US Birmingham UK Birmingham UK Boston UK Birmingham UK Boston UK London UK Washington US Birmingham US Boston US New York US Washington
Translation of Pseudocode
This version is a direct implementation of this task's pseudocode. <lang NetRexx>/* NetRexx */ options replace format comments java crossref savelog symbols binary
placesList = [String -
"UK London", "US New York" - , "US Boston", "US Washington" - , "UK Washington", "US Birmingham" - , "UK Birmingham", "UK Boston" -
] sortedList = bubbleSort(String[] Arrays.copyOf(placesList, placesList.length))
lists = [placesList, sortedList] loop ln = 0 to lists.length - 1
cl = lists[ln] loop ct = 0 to cl.length - 1 say cl[ct] end ct say end ln
return
method bubbleSort(item = String[]) public constant binary returns String[]
hasChanged = boolean itemCount = item.length loop label h_ until \hasChanged
hasChanged = isFalse
itemCount = itemCount - 1
loop index = 0 to itemCount - 1
if item[index].compareTo(item[index + 1]) > 0 then do
swap = item[index]
item[index] = item[index + 1]
item[index + 1] = swap
hasChanged = isTrue
end
end index
end h_
return item
method isTrue public constant binary returns boolean
return 1 == 1
method isFalse public constant binary returns boolean
return \isTrue
</lang>
Nim
<lang nim>proc bubbleSort[T](a: var openarray[T]) =
var t = true
for n in countdown(a.len-2, 0):
if not t: break
t = false
for j in 0..n:
if a[j] <= a[j+1]: continue
swap a[j], a[j+1]
t = true
var a = @[4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782] bubbleSort a echo a</lang>
- Output:
@[-31, 0, 2, 2, 4, 65, 83, 99, 782]
Objeck
<lang objeck> function : Swap(p : Int[]) ~ Nil {
t := p[0]; p[0] := p[1]; p[1] := t;
}
function : Sort(a : Int[]) ~ Nil {
do {
sorted := true;
size -= 1;
for (i:=0; i<a->Size(); i+=1;) {
if (a[i+1] < a[i]) {
swap(a+i);
sorted := 0;
};
};
}
while (sorted = false);
} </lang>
Objective-C
<lang objc>- (NSArray *) bubbleSort:(NSMutableArray *)unsorted {
BOOL done = false;
while (!done) {
done = true;
for (int i = 1; i < unsorted.count; i++) {
if ( [[unsorted objectAtIndex:i-1] integerValue] > [[unsorted objectAtIndex:i] integerValue] ) {
[unsorted exchangeObjectAtIndex:i withObjectAtIndex:i-1];
done = false;
}
}
}
return unsorted;
} </lang>
OCaml
Like the Haskell versions above:
This version checks for changes in a separate step for simplicity. <lang ocaml>let rec bsort s =
let rec _bsort = function
| x :: x2 :: xs when x > x2 ->
x2 :: _bsort (x :: xs)
| x :: x2 :: xs ->
x :: _bsort (x2 :: xs)
| s -> s
in
let t = _bsort s in
if t = s then t
else bsort t</lang>
This version uses the polymorphic option type to designate unchanged lists. (The type signature of _bsort is now 'a list -> 'a list option.) It is slightly faster than the previous one. <lang ocaml>let rec bsort s =
let rec _bsort = function
| x :: x2 :: xs when x > x2 -> begin
match _bsort (x :: xs) with
| None -> Some (x2 :: x :: xs)
| Some xs2 -> Some (x2 :: xs2)
end
| x :: x2 :: xs -> begin
match _bsort (x2 :: xs) with
| None -> None
| Some xs2 -> Some (x :: xs2)
end
| _ -> None
in
match _bsort s with
| None -> s
| Some s2 -> bsort s2</lang>
Octave
<lang octave>function s = bubblesort(v)
itemCount = length(v);
do
hasChanged = false;
itemCount--;
for i = 1:itemCount
if ( v(i) > v(i+1) )
v([i,i+1]) = v([i+1,i]); % swap hasChanged = true;
endif endfor until(hasChanged == false) s = v;
endfunction</lang>
<lang octave>v = [9,8,7,3,1,100]; disp(bubblesort(v));</lang>
Ol
<lang scheme> (define (bubble-sort x ??)
(define (sort-step l)
(if (or (null? l) (null? (cdr l)))
l
(if (?? (car l) (cadr l))
(cons (cadr l) (sort-step (cons (car l) (cddr l))))
(cons (car l) (sort-step (cdr l))))))
(let loop ((i x))
(if (equal? i (sort-step i))
i
(loop (sort-step i)))))
(bubble-sort (list 1 3 5 9 8 6 4 3 2) >))
(bubble-sort (iota 100) >))
(bubble-sort (iota 100) <))
</lang>
- Output:
(1 2 3 3 4 5 6 8 9) (0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99) (99 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0)
ooRexx
Reimplementation of NetRexx
This version exploits the "Collection Classes" and some other features of the language that are only available in Open Object Rexx. <lang ooRexx>/* Rexx */ Do
placesList = sampleData() call show placesList say sortedList = bubbleSort(placesList) call show sortedList say
return
End Exit
-- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- bubbleSort: procedure Do
il = arg(1) sl = il~copy
listLen = sl~size
loop i_ = 1 to listLen
loop j_ = i_ + 1 to listLen
cmpi = sl[i_]
cmpj = sl[j_]
if cmpi > cmpj then do
sl[i_] = cmpj
sl[j_] = cmpi
end
end j_
end i_
return sl
End Exit
-- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- show: procedure Do
al = arg(1)
loop e_ over al say e_ end e_ return
End Exit
-- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- sampleData: procedure Do
placesList = .array~of( , "UK London", "US New York", "US Boston", "US Washington", , "UK Washington", "US Birmingham", "UK Birmingham", "UK Boston" , )
return placesList
End Exit
</lang>
- Output:
UK London US New York US Boston US Washington UK Washington US Birmingham UK Birmingham UK Boston UK Birmingham UK Boston UK London UK Washington US Birmingham US Boston US New York US Washington
Translation of Pseudocode
This version is a direct implementation of this task's pseudocode. <lang ooRexx>/* Rexx */ Do
placesList = sampleData() call show placesList say sortedList = bubbleSort(placesList) call show sortedList say
return
End Exit
-- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- bubbleSort: procedure Do
il = arg(1) sl = il~copy itemCount = sl~size
loop label c_ until \hasChanged
hasChanged = isFalse()
itemCount = itemCount - 1
loop i_ = 1 to itemCount
if sl[i_] > sl[i_ + 1] then do
t_ = sl[i_]
sl[i_] = sl[i_ + 1]
sl[i_ + 1] = t_
hasChanged = isTrue()
end
end i_
end c_
return sl
End Exit
-- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- show: procedure Do
al = arg(1)
loop e_ over al say e_ end e_ return
End Exit
-- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- sampleData: procedure Do
placesList = .array~of( , "UK London", "US New York", "US Boston", "US Washington", , "UK Washington", "US Birmingham", "UK Birmingham", "UK Boston" , )
return placesList
End Exit
-- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- isTrue: procedure
return (1 == 1)
-- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- isFalse: procedure
return \isTrue()
</lang>
Classic Rexx Implementation
A more "traditional" implementation of version 1 using only Rexx primitive constructs. This version has been tested with the Open Object Rexx and Regina Rexx interpreters and could equally have been exhibited as a Rexx solution. <lang ooRexx>/* Rexx */ Do
placesList. = sortedList. = call sampleData call bubbleSort
do i_ = 1 to placesList.0 say placesList.i_ end i_ say
do i_ = 1 to sortedList.0 say sortedList.i_ end i_ say
return
End Exit
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ bubbleSort: procedure expose sortedList. placesList. Do
/* Copy list */ do !_ = 0 to placesList.0 sortedList.!_ = placesList.!_ end !_
listLen = sortedList.0
do i_ = 1 to listLen
do j_ = i_ + 1 to listLen
if sortedList.i_ > sortedList.j_ then do
!_ = sortedList.j_
sortedList.j_ = sortedList.i_
sortedList.i_ = !_
end
end j_
end i_
return
End Exit
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ sampleData: procedure expose placesList. Do
! = 0 ! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "UK London" ! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "US New York" ! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "US Boston" ! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "US Washington" ! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "UK Washington" ! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "US Birmingham" ! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "UK Birmingham" ! = ! + 1; placesList.0 = !; placesList.! = "UK Boston"
return
End Exit </lang>
Oz
In-place sorting of mutable arrays: <lang oz>declare
proc {BubbleSort Arr}
proc {Swap I J}
Arr.J := (Arr.I := Arr.J) %% assignment returns the old value
end
IsSorted = {NewCell false}
MaxItem = {NewCell {Array.high Arr}-1}
in
for until:@IsSorted do
IsSorted := true
for I in {Array.low Arr}..@MaxItem do
if Arr.I > Arr.(I+1) then
IsSorted := false
{Swap I I+1}
end
end
MaxItem := @MaxItem - 1
end
end
Arr = {Tuple.toArray unit(10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1)}
in
{BubbleSort Arr}
{Inspect Arr}</lang>
Purely-functional sorting of immutable lists: <lang oz>declare
local
fun {Loop Xs Changed ?IsSorted}
case Xs
of X1|X2|Xr andthen X1 > X2 then
X2|{Loop X1|Xr true IsSorted}
[] X|Xr then
X|{Loop Xr Changed IsSorted}
[] nil then
IsSorted = {Not Changed}
nil
end
end
in
fun {BubbleSort Xs}
IsSorted
Result = {Loop Xs false ?IsSorted}
in
if IsSorted then Result
else {BubbleSort Result}
end
end
end
in
{Show {BubbleSort [3 1 4 1 5 9 2 6 5]}}</lang>
PARI/GP
<lang parigp>bubbleSort(v)={
for(i=1,#v-1,
for(j=i+1,#v,
if(v[j]<v[i],
my(t=v[j]);
v[j]=v[i];
v[i]=t
)
)
);
v
};</lang>
Pascal
<lang pascal>procedure bubble_sort(var list: array of real); var
i, j, n: integer; t: real;
begin
n := length(list);
for i := n downto 2 do
for j := 0 to i - 1 do
if list[j] > list[j + 1] then
begin
t := list[j];
list[j] := list[j + 1];
list[j + 1] := t;
end;
end;</lang>
Usage:<lang pascal>var
list: array[0 .. 9] of real;
// ... bubble_sort(list);</lang>
Perl
<lang perl># Sorts an array in place sub bubble_sort {
for my $i (0 .. $#_){
for my $j ($i + 1 .. $#_){
$_[$j] < $_[$i] and @_[$i, $j] = @_[$j, $i];
}
}
}</lang>
Usage:
<lang perl>my @a = (39, 25, 30, 28, 36, 72, 98, 25, 43, 38); bubble_sort(@a);</lang>
Phix
with javascript_semantics function bubble_sort(sequence s) s = deep_copy(s) for j=length(s) to 1 by -1 do integer changed = 0 for i=1 to j-1 do object si = s[i], sn = s[i+1] if si>sn then s[i] = sn s[i+1] = si changed = 1 end if end for if changed=0 then exit end if end for return s end function constant s = {4, 15, "delta", 2, -31, 0, "alfa", 19, "gamma", 2, 13, "beta", 782, 1} puts(1,"Before: ") ?s puts(1,"After: ") ?bubble_sort(s)
- Output:
Before: {4,15,"delta",2,-31,0,"alpha",19,"gamma",2,13,"beta",782,1}
After: {-31,0,1,2,2,4,13,15,19,782,"alpha","beta","delta","gamma"}
PHP
<lang php>function bubbleSort(array $array){
foreach($array as $i => &$val){
foreach($array as $k => &$val2){
if($k <= $i)
continue;
if($val > $val2) {
list($val, $val2) = [$val2, $val];
break;
}
}
}
return $array;
}</lang>
PicoLisp
<lang PicoLisp>(de bubbleSort (Lst)
(use Chg
(loop
(off Chg)
(for (L Lst (cdr L) (cdr L))
(when (> (car L) (cadr L))
(xchg L (cdr L))
(on Chg) ) )
(NIL Chg Lst) ) ) )</lang>
PL/I
<lang pli>/* A primitive bubble sort */ bubble_sort: procedure (A);
declare A(*) fixed binary; declare temp fixed binary; declare i fixed binary, no_more_swaps bit (1) aligned;
do until (no_more_swaps);
no_more_swaps = true;
do i = lbound(A,1) to hbound(A,1)-1;
if A(i) > A(i+1) then
do; temp = A(i); A(i) = A(i+1); A(i+1) = temp;
no_more_swaps = false;
end;
end;
end;
end bubble_sort;</lang>
Pop11
<lang pop11>define bubble_sort(v); lvars n=length(v), done=false, i; while not(done) do
true -> done;
n - 1 -> n;
for i from 1 to n do
if v(i) > v(i+1) then
false -> done;
;;; Swap using multiple assignment
(v(i+1), v(i)) -> (v(i), v(i+1));
endif;
endfor;
endwhile; enddefine;
- Test it
vars ar = { 10 8 6 4 2 1 3 5 7 9}; bubble_sort(ar); ar =></lang>
PostScript
<lang PostScript> /bubblesort{ /x exch def /temp x x length 1 sub get def /i x length 1 sub def /j i 1 sub def
x length 1 sub{ i 1 sub{ x j 1 sub get x j get lt { /temp x j 1 sub get def x j 1 sub x j get put x j temp put }if /j j 1 sub def }repeat /i i 1 sub def /j i 1 sub def }repeat x pstack }def </lang>
PowerShell
<lang powershell>function bubblesort ($a) {
$l = $a.Length
$hasChanged = $true
while ($hasChanged) {
$hasChanged = $false
$l--
for ($i = 0; $i -lt $l; $i++) {
if ($a[$i] -gt $a[$i+1]) {
$a[$i], $a[$i+1] = $a[$i+1], $a[$i]
$hasChanged = $true
}
}
}
}</lang>
Prolog
It's surprisingly easy in Prolog while coding this sort, to accidentally create a sort that is similar, but not identical to the bubble sort algorithm. Some of these are easier and shorter to code and work as well if not better. Having said that, it's difficult to think of a reason to code the bubble sort these days except as an example of inefficiency. <lang prolog>%___________________________________________________________________________ % Bubble sort
bubble(0, Res, Res, sorted). bubble(Len, [A,B|T], Res, unsorted) :- A > B, !, bubble(Len,[B,A|T], Res, _). bubble(Len, [A|T], [A|Ts], Ch) :- L is Len-1, bubble(L, T, Ts, Ch).
bubblesort(In, Out) :- length(In, Len), bubblesort(Len, In, Out). bubblesort(0, In, In). bubblesort(Len, In, Out) :- bubble(Len, In, Bubbled, SortFlag), % bubble the list (SortFlag=sorted -> Out=Bubbled; % list is already sorted SegLen is Len - 1, % one fewer to process writef('bubbled=%w\n', [Bubbled]), % show progress bubblesort(SegLen, Bubbled, Out)).
test :- In = [8,9,1,3,4,2,6,5,4], writef(' input=%w\n', [In]), bubblesort(In, R), writef('-> %w\n', [R]).</lang> for example:
?- test. input=[8,9,1,3,4,2,6,5,4] bubbled=[8,1,3,4,2,6,5,4,9] bubbled=[1,3,4,2,6,5,4,8,9] bubbled=[1,3,2,4,5,4,6,8,9] bubbled=[1,2,3,4,4,5,6,8,9] -> [1,2,3,4,4,5,6,8,9] true.
Alternative version
Should be ISO (but tested only with GNU Prolog). Note: doesn't constuct list for each swap, only for each pass. <lang prolog>:- initialization(main).
bubble_sort(Xs,Res) :-
write(Xs), nl , bubble_pass(Xs,Ys,Changed) , ( Changed == true -> bubble_sort(Ys,Res) ; Res = Xs ) .
bubble_pass(Xs,Res,Changed) :-
Xs = [X|Ys], Ys = [Y|Zs]
, ( X > Y -> H = Y, T = [X|Zs], Changed = true
; H = X, T = Ys
)
, Res = [H|R], !, bubble_pass(T,R,Changed)
; Res = Xs
.
test([8,9,1,3,4,2,6,5,4]).
main :- test(T), bubble_sort(T,_), halt.</lang>
- Output:
[8,9,1,3,4,2,6,5,4] [8,1,3,4,2,6,5,4,9] [1,3,4,2,6,5,4,8,9] [1,3,2,4,5,4,6,8,9] [1,2,3,4,4,5,6,8,9]
PureBasic
<lang PureBasic>Procedure bubbleSort(Array a(1))
Protected i, itemCount, hasChanged
itemCount = ArraySize(a())
Repeat
hasChanged = #False
itemCount - 1
For i = 0 To itemCount
If a(i) > a(i + 1)
Swap a(i), a(i + 1)
hasChanged = #True
EndIf
Next
Until hasChanged = #False
EndProcedure</lang>
Python
<lang python>def bubble_sort(seq):
"""Inefficiently sort the mutable sequence (list) in place.
seq MUST BE A MUTABLE SEQUENCE.
As with list.sort() and random.shuffle this does NOT return
"""
changed = True
while changed:
changed = False
for i in xrange(len(seq) - 1):
if seq[i] > seq[i+1]:
seq[i], seq[i+1] = seq[i+1], seq[i]
changed = True
return seq
if __name__ == "__main__":
"""Sample usage and simple test suite"""
from random import shuffle
testset = range(100) testcase = testset[:] # make a copy shuffle(testcase) assert testcase != testset # we've shuffled it bubble_sort(testcase) assert testcase == testset # we've unshuffled it back into a copy</lang>
Quackery
<lang Quackery> [ stack ] is sorted ( --> s )
[ rot tuck over peek
2swap tuck over peek
dip rot 2dup < iff
[ dip [ unrot poke ]
swap rot poke
sorted release
false sorted put ]
else
[ drop 2drop nip ] ] is >exch ( [ n n --> [ )
[ dup size 1 - times
[ true sorted put
i 1+ times
[ i^ dup 1+ >exch ]
sorted take if
conclude ] ] is bubble ( [ --> [ )
[] 20 times
[ 10 random join ]
say "Before: " dup echo cr
say "After: " bubble echo</lang>
- Output:
Before: [ 5 2 5 0 4 5 1 5 1 1 0 3 7 2 0 9 6 1 8 7 ] After: [ 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 5 5 5 6 7 7 8 9 ]
Qi
<lang Qi>(define bubble-shot
[A] -> [A] [A B|R] -> [B|(bubble-shot [A|R])] where (> A B) [A |R] -> [A|(bubble-shot R)])
(define bubble-sort
X -> (fix bubble-shot X))
(bubble-sort [6 8 5 9 3 2 2 1 4 7]) </lang>
R
The previously solution missed out on a cool R trick for swapping items and had no check for lists of length 1. As R is 1-indexed, we have aimed to be as faithful as we can to the given pseudo-code. <lang rsplus>bubbleSort <- function(items) {
repeat
{
if((itemCount <- length(items)) <= 1) return(items)
hasChanged <- FALSE
itemCount <- itemCount - 1
for(i in seq_len(itemCount))
{
if(items[i] > items[i + 1])
{
items[c(i, i + 1)] <- items[c(i + 1, i)]#The cool trick mentioned above.
hasChanged <- TRUE
}
}
if(!hasChanged) break
}
items
}
- Examples taken from the Haxe solution.
ints <- c(1, 10, 2, 5, -1, 5, -19, 4, 23, 0) numerics <- c(1, -3.2, 5.2, 10.8, -5.7, 7.3, 3.5, 0, -4.1, -9.5) strings <- c("We", "hold", "these", "truths", "to", "be", "self-evident", "that", "all", "men", "are", "created", "equal")</lang>
- Output:
> bubbleSort(ints) [1] -19 -1 0 1 2 4 5 5 10 23 > bubbleSort(numerics) [1] -9.5 -5.7 -4.1 -3.2 0.0 1.0 3.5 5.2 7.3 10.8 > bubbleSort(strings) [1] "all" "are" "be" "created" "equal" "hold" "men" [8] "self-evident" "that" "these" "to" "truths" "We"
Ra
<lang Ra> class BubbleSort **Sort a list with the Bubble Sort algorithm**
on start
args := program arguments .sort(args) print args
define sort(list) is shared **Sort the list**
test list := [4, 2, 7, 3] .sort(list) assert list = [2, 3, 4, 7]
body last := list.count - 1
post while changed
changed := false
for i in last
if list[i] > list[i + 1] temp := list[i] list[i] := list[i + 1] list[i + 1] := temp changed := true </lang>
Racket
This bubble sort sorts the elelement in the vector v with regard to <?.
<lang racket>
- lang racket
(define (bubble-sort <? v)
(define len (vector-length v))
(define ref vector-ref)
(let loop ([max len]
[again? #f])
(for ([i (in-range 0 (- max 1))]
[j (in-range 1 max)])
(define vi (ref v i))
(when (<? (ref v j) vi)
(vector-set! v i (ref v j))
(vector-set! v j vi)
(set! again? #t)))
(when again? (loop (- max 1) #f)))
v)
</lang>
Example: Sorting a vector of length 10 with random entries. <lang racket> (bubble-sort < (for/vector ([_ 10]) (random 20))) </lang>
Raku
(formerly Perl 6)
<lang perl6>sub bubble_sort (@a) {
for ^@a -> $i {
for $i ^..^ @a -> $j {
@a[$j] < @a[$i] and @a[$i, $j] = @a[$j, $i];
}
}
}</lang>
REALbasic
Sorts an array of Integers
<lang vb>
Dim sortable() As Integer = Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) sortable.Shuffle() ' sortable is now randomized Dim swapped As Boolean Do Dim index, bound As Integer bound = sortable.Ubound
While index < bound
If sortable(index) > sortable(index + 1) Then
Dim s As Integer = sortable(index)
sortable.Remove(index)
sortable.Insert(index + 1, s)
swapped = True
End If
index = index + 1
Wend
Loop Until Not swapped
'sortable is now sorted </lang>
REXX
version 0, alpha-numeric vertical list
This REXX version sorts (using a bubble sort) and displays an array (of alpha-numeric items) in a vertical list. <lang rexx>/*REXX program sorts an array (of any kind of items) using the bubble─sort algorithm.*/ call gen /*generate the array elements (items).*/ call show 'before sort' /*show the before array elements. */
say copies('▒', 70) /*show a separator line (before/after).*/
call bSort # /*invoke the bubble sort with # items.*/ call show ' after sort' /*show the after array elements. */ exit /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */ /*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ bSort: procedure expose @.; parse arg n /*N: is the number of @ array elements.*/
do m=n-1 by -1 until ok; ok=1 /*keep sorting the @ array until done.*/
do j=1 for m; k=j+1; if @.j<=@.k then iterate /*elements in order? */
_=@.j; @.j=@.k; @.k=_; ok=0 /*swap two elements; flag as not done.*/
end /*j*/
end /*m*/; return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ gen: @.=; @.1 = '---letters of the Hebrew alphabet---' ; @.13= "kaph [kaf]"
@.2 = '====================================' ; @.14= "lamed"
@.3 = 'aleph [alef]' ; @.15= "mem"
@.4 = 'beth [bet]' ; @.16= "nun"
@.5 = 'gimel' ; @.17= "samekh"
@.6 = 'daleth [dalet]' ; @.18= "ayin"
@.7 = 'he' ; @.19= "pe"
@.8 = 'waw [vav]' ; @.20= "sadhe [tsadi]"
@.9 = 'zayin' ; @.21= "qoph [qof]"
@.10= 'heth [het]' ; @.22= "resh"
@.11= 'teth [tet]' ; @.23= "shin"
@.12= 'yod' ; @.24= "taw [tav]"
do #=1 until @.#==; end; #=#-1 /*determine #elements in list; adjust #*/
return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ show: do j=1 for #; say ' element' right(j,length(#)) arg(1)":" @.j; end; return</lang>
- output when using the internal array list:
(Shown at 5/6 size.)
element 1 before sort: ---letters of the Hebrew alphabet---
element 2 before sort: ====================================
element 3 before sort: aleph [alef]
element 4 before sort: beth [bet]
element 5 before sort: gimel
element 6 before sort: daleth [dalet]
element 7 before sort: he
element 8 before sort: waw [vav]
element 9 before sort: zayin
element 10 before sort: heth [het]
element 11 before sort: teth [tet]
element 12 before sort: yod
element 13 before sort: kaph [kaf]
element 14 before sort: lamed
element 15 before sort: mem
element 16 before sort: nun
element 17 before sort: samekh
element 18 before sort: ayin
element 19 before sort: pe
element 20 before sort: sadhe [tsadi]
element 21 before sort: qoph [qof]
element 22 before sort: resh
element 23 before sort: shin
element 24 before sort: taw [tav]
▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒
element 1 after sort: ---letters of the Hebrew alphabet---
element 2 after sort: ====================================
element 3 after sort: aleph [alef]
element 4 after sort: ayin
element 5 after sort: beth [bet]
element 6 after sort: daleth [dalet]
element 7 after sort: gimel
element 8 after sort: he
element 9 after sort: heth [het]
element 10 after sort: kaph [kaf]
element 11 after sort: lamed
element 12 after sort: mem
element 13 after sort: nun
element 14 after sort: pe
element 15 after sort: qoph [qof]
element 16 after sort: resh
element 17 after sort: sadhe [tsadi]
element 18 after sort: samekh
element 19 after sort: shin
element 20 after sort: taw [tav]
element 21 after sort: teth [tet]
element 22 after sort: waw [vav]
element 23 after sort: yod
element 24 after sort: zayin
version 1, random integers, horizontal list
This REXX version sorts (using a bubble sort) and displays a random array of numbers (amount is specifiable from the command line) in a horizontal list.
Programming note: a check was made to not exceed REXX's upper range limit of the random BIF. <lang rexx>/*REXX program sorts an array (of any kind of numbers) using the bubble─sort algorithm.*/ parse arg N .; if N== | N=="," then N=30 /*obtain optional size of array from CL*/ call gen N /*generate the array elements (items). */ call show 'before sort:' /*show the before array elements. */ call bSort N /*invoke the bubble sort with N items.*/ call show ' after sort:' /*show the after array elements. */ exit /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */ /*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ bSort: procedure expose @.; parse arg n /*N: is the number of @ array elements.*/
do m=n-1 by -1 until ok; ok=1 /*keep sorting the @ array until done.*/
do j=1 for m; k=j+1; if @.j>@.k then parse value @.j @.k 0 with @.k @.j ok
end /*j*/ /* [↑] swap 2 elements, flag as ¬done.*/
end /*m*/; return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ gen: h=min(N+N,1e5); w=length(h); do j=1 for N; @.j=random(h); end; return show: parse arg $; do k=1 for N; $=$ right(@.k, w); end; say $; return</lang>
- output when using a internally generated random array of thirty integers (which are right-justified for alignment in the display):
before sort: 20 57 49 20 31 51 37 1 8 0 38 42 33 41 5 23 34 60 10 15 60 54 36 13 25 24 59 3 35 10 after sort: 0 1 3 5 8 10 10 13 15 20 20 23 24 25 31 33 34 35 36 37 38 41 42 49 51 54 57 59 60 60
version 2, random integers, horizontal list
<lang rexx> /*REXX*/ Call random ,,1000 Do i=1 To 10
a.i=random(20) End
a.0=i-1 Call show 'vorher ' Call bubble_sort Call show 'nachher' Exit bubble_sort: Procedure Expose a.
Do Until no_more_swaps
no_more_swaps=1
Do i=1 To a.0-1
i1=i+1
if a.i > a.i1 Then Do
temp=a.i; a.i=a.i1; a.i1=temp
no_more_swaps=0
End
End
End
Return show:
l=; Do i=1 To a.0; l=l a.i; End; Say arg(1)':'l Return</lang>
- Output:
vorher : 9 17 16 19 5 7 3 20 16 0 nachher: 0 3 5 7 9 16 16 17 19 20
version 3, random integers, horizontal list, with interim plots
This REXX program is a modified version of the first REXX program, with produces a snapshot of the plot in progress.
The random number generation uses the numbers from 1 ───► N (in sequential
order), and then those numbers
are randomized. This is done to make the displaying of the plot symmetric (a straight upward diagonal slope).
Note that the command to clear the terminal screen is hard-coded as: CLS
Also note that only four snapshots of the sort-in-progress is shown here, the REXX program will show a snapshot of every
sorting pass; the at (about) nnn% sorted was added after-the-fact.
<lang rexx>/*REXX program sorts an array (of any kind of numbers) using the bubble─sort algorithm.*/
parse arg N seed . /*obtain optional size of array from CL*/
if N== | N=="," then N=30 /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/
if datatype(seed, 'W') then call random ,,seed /*An integer? Use the seed for RANDOM.*/
call gen N /*generate the array elements (items). */
call show 'before sort:' /*show the before array elements. */
$$= $ /*keep "before" copy for after the sort*/
call bSort N /*invoke the bubble sort with N items.*/
say $$
call show ' after sort:' /*show the after array elements. */ exit /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */ /*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ bSort: procedure expose @.; parse arg # /*N: is the number of @ array elements.*/
call disp /*show a snapshot of the unsorted array*/
do m=#-1 by -1 until ok; ok=1 /*keep sorting the @ array until done.*/
do j=1 for m; k=j+1
if @.j>@.k then do; parse value @.j @.k 0 with @.k @.j ok
end
end /*j*/ /* [↑] swap 2 elements, flag as ¬done.*/
call disp /*show snapshot of partially sorted @. */
end /*m*/; return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ gen: do j=1 for N; @.j= j; end
do k=1 for N; g= random(1,N); parse value @.k @.g with @.g @.k; end; return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ show: parse arg $; do k=1 for N; $=$ right(@.k, length(N)); end; say $; return /*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ disp: 'CLS'; $.= /*"CLS" is the command to clear screen.*/
do e=1 for #; $.e= '│'overlay("☼", $.e, @.e); end /*e*/
do s=# for # by -1; say $.s; end /*s*/
say "└"copies('─', #) /*display the horizontal axis at bottom*/
return</lang>
- output when using the default input:
│ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ at 0% sorted │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ └────────────────────────
│ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ at about 25% sorted │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │☼ │ ☼ └──────────────────────────────
│ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ at about 50% sorted │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │☼ └──────────────────────────────
│ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ at 100% sorted │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │ ☼ │☼ └────────────────────────────── before sort: 11 3 15 4 12 14 7 20 22 5 8 19 24 13 6 1 16 23 17 2 10 9 21 18 after sort: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Ring
<lang ring>bubbleList = [4,2,1,3] flag = 0 bubbleSort(bubbleList) see bubbleList
func bubbleSort A
n = len(A)
while flag = 0
flag = 1
for i = 1 to n-1
if A[i] > A[i+1]
temp = A[i]
A[i] = A[i+1]
A[i+1] = temp
flag = 0
ok
next
end
</lang>
Ruby
This example adds the bubblesort! method to the Array object. Below are two different methods that show four different iterating constructs in ruby.
<lang ruby>class Array
def bubblesort1!
length.times do |j|
for i in 1...(length - j)
if self[i] < self[i - 1]
self[i], self[i - 1] = self[i - 1], self[i]
end
end
end
self
end
def bubblesort2!
each_index do |index|
(length - 1).downto( index ) do |i|
self[i-1], self[i] = self[i], self[i-1] if self[i-1] < self[i]
end
end
self
end
end ary = [3, 78, 4, 23, 6, 8, 6] ary.bubblesort1! p ary
- => [3, 4, 6, 6, 8, 23, 78]</lang>
Run BASIC
<lang runbasic>siz = 100 dim data$(siz) unSorted = 1
WHILE unSorted
unSorted = 0
FOR i = 1 TO siz -1
IF data$(i) > data$(i + 1) THEN
tmp = data$(i)
data$(i) = data$(i + 1)
data$(i + 1) = tmp
unSorted = 1
END IF
NEXT
WEND</lang>
Rust
<lang rust>fn bubble_sort<T: Ord>(values: &mut[T]) {
let mut n = values.len(); let mut swapped = true;
while swapped {
swapped = false;
for i in 1..n {
if values[i - 1] > values[i] {
values.swap(i - 1, i);
swapped = true;
}
}
n = n - 1; }
}
fn main() {
// Sort numbers.
let mut numbers = [8, 7, 1, 2, 9, 3, 4, 5, 0, 6];
println!("Before: {:?}", numbers);
bubble_sort(&mut numbers);
println!("After: {:?}", numbers);
// Sort strings.
let mut strings = ["empty", "beach", "art", "car", "deal"];
println!("Before: {:?}", strings);
bubble_sort(&mut strings);
println!("After: {:?}", strings);
}</lang>
Sather
<lang sather>class SORT{T < $IS_LT{T}} is
private swap(inout a, inout b:T) is
temp ::= a;
a := b;
b := temp;
end;
bubble_sort(inout a:ARRAY{T}) is
i:INT;
if a.size < 2 then return; end;
loop
sorted ::= true;
loop i := 0.upto!(a.size - 2);
if a[i+1] < a[i] then
swap(inout a[i+1], inout a[i]);
sorted := false;
end;
end;
until!(sorted);
end;
end;
end;</lang>
<lang sather>class MAIN is
main is
a:ARRAY{INT} := |10, 9, 8, 7, 6, -10, 5, 4|;
SORT{INT}::bubble_sort(inout a);
#OUT + a + "\n";
end;
end;</lang>
This should be able to sort (in ascending order) any object for which is_lt (less than) is defined.
Scala
This slightly more complex version of Bubble Sort avoids errors with indices.
<lang scala>def bubbleSort[T](arr: Array[T])(implicit o: Ordering[T]) {
import o._
val consecutiveIndices = (arr.indices, arr.indices drop 1).zipped
var hasChanged = true
do {
hasChanged = false
consecutiveIndices foreach { (i1, i2) =>
if (arr(i1) > arr(i2)) {
hasChanged = true
val tmp = arr(i1)
arr(i1) = arr(i2)
arr(i2) = tmp
}
}
} while(hasChanged)
}</lang>
<lang scala>import scala.annotation.tailrec
def bubbleSort(xt: List[Int]) = {
@tailrec
def bubble(xs: List[Int], rest: List[Int], sorted: List[Int]): List[Int] = xs match {
case x :: Nil =>
if (rest.isEmpty) x :: sorted
else bubble(rest, Nil, x :: sorted)
case a :: b :: xs =>
if (a > b) bubble(a :: xs, b :: rest, sorted)
else bubble(b :: xs, a :: rest, sorted)
}
bubble(xt, Nil, Nil)
}</lang>
Scheme
<lang scheme>(define (bubble-sort x gt?)
(letrec
((fix (lambda (f i)
(if (equal? i (f i))
i
(fix f (f i)))))
(sort-step (lambda (l)
(if (or (null? l) (null? (cdr l)))
l
(if (gt? (car l) (cadr l))
(cons (cadr l) (sort-step (cons (car l) (cddr l))))
(cons (car l) (sort-step (cdr l))))))))
(fix sort-step x)))</lang>
This solution recursively finds the fixed point of sort-step. A comparison function must be passed to bubblesort. Example usages: <lang scheme>(bubble-sort (list 1 3 5 9 8 6 4 2) >) (bubble-sort (string->list "Monkey") char<?)</lang>
Here is the same function, using a different syntax:
<lang scheme>(define (bsort l gt?)
(define (dosort l)
(cond ((null? (cdr l))
l)
((gt? (car l) (cadr l))
(cons (cadr l) (dosort (cons (car l) (cddr l)))))
(else
(cons (car l) (dosort (cdr l))))))
(let ((try (dosort l)))
(if (equal? l try)
l
(bsort try gt?))))
</lang> For example, you could do <lang scheme>(bsort > '(2 4 6 2)) (1 2 3)</lang>
Scilab
<lang>function b=BubbleSort(a)
n=length(a)
swapped=%T
while swapped
swapped=%F
for i=1:1:n-1
if a(i)>a(i+1) then
temp=a(i)
a(i)=a(i+1)
a(i+1)=temp
swapped=%T
end
end
end
b=a
endfunction BubbleSort</lang>
- Output:
-->y=[5 4 3 2 1]
y =
5. 4. 3. 2. 1.
-->x=BubbleSort(a)
x =
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Scratch
This solution is hosted at the Scratch site, because it is difficult to document visual programming solutions directly here at Rosetta Code. There you can see the solution results as well as examine the code. This solution is intended to illustrate the Bubble sort algorithm rather than to maximize performance. Scratch provides visual queues to indicate list access, and these are used to help show what is happening.
Seed7
<lang seed7>const proc: bubbleSort (inout array elemType: arr) is func
local
var boolean: swapped is FALSE;
var integer: i is 0;
var elemType: help is elemType.value;
begin
repeat
swapped := FALSE;
for i range 1 to length(arr) - 1 do
if arr[i] > arr[i + 1] then
help := arr[i];
arr[i] := arr[i + 1];
arr[i + 1] := help;
swapped := TRUE;
end if;
end for;
until not swapped;
end func;</lang>
Original source: [2]
Shen
Bubble sort a vector in-place, using the < operator for comparison. <lang shen>(tc +)
(define swap
{ (vector number) --> number --> number --> (vector number) }
A I1 I2 -> (let Z (<-vector A I1)
(do (vector-> A I1 (<-vector A I2))
(vector-> A I2 Z))))
(define one-pass
{ (vector number) --> number --> boolean --> number --> boolean }
A N Swapped N -> (do (if (> (<-vector A (- N 1)) (<-vector A N))
(swap A (- N 1) N))
Swapped)
A N Swapped I -> (if (> (<-vector A (- I 1)) (<-vector A I))
(do (swap A (- I 1) I)
(one-pass A N true (+ I 1)))
(one-pass A N Swapped (+ I 1))))
(define bubble-h
{ boolean --> (vector number) --> number --> (vector number) }
true A N -> (bubble-h (one-pass A N false 2) A N)
false A N -> A)
(define bubble-sort
{ (vector number) --> (vector number) }
A -> (let N (limit A)
(bubble-h (one-pass A N false 2) A N)))</lang>
<lang shen>(datatype some-globals
__________ (value *arr*) : (vector number);)
(set *arr* (vector 5)) (vector-> (value *arr*) 1 5) (vector-> (value *arr*) 2 1) (vector-> (value *arr*) 3 4) (vector-> (value *arr*) 4 2) (vector-> (value *arr*) 5 8) (bubble-sort (value *arr*))</lang>
Here is a more idiomatic implementation:
<lang shen>(tc +)
(define bubble-shot
{ (vector number) --> (vector number) }
(@v A <>) -> (@v A <>)
(@v A B R) -> (@v B (bubble-shot (@v A R))) where (> A B)
(@v A R) -> (@v A (bubble-shot R)))
(define bubble-sort
{ (vector number) --> (vector number) }
X -> (fix (function bubble-shot) X))</lang>
<lang shen>(bubble-sort (@v 5 1 4 2 3 <>))</lang>
Sidef
<lang ruby>func bubble_sort(arr) {
loop {
var swapped = false
{ |i|
if (arr[i] > arr[i+1]) {
arr[i, i+1] = arr[i+1, i]
swapped = true
}
} << ^arr.end
swapped || break
}
return arr
}</lang>
Simula
<lang simula>BEGIN
PROCEDURE BUBBLESORT(A); NAME A; INTEGER ARRAY A;
BEGIN
INTEGER LOW, HIGH, I;
BOOLEAN SWAPPED;
PROCEDURE SWAP(I, J); INTEGER I, J;
BEGIN
INTEGER TEMP;
TEMP := A(I); A(I) := A(J); A(J) := TEMP;
END**OF**SWAP;
LOW := LOWERBOUND(A, 1);
HIGH := UPPERBOUND(A, 1);
SWAPPED := TRUE;
WHILE SWAPPED DO
BEGIN
SWAPPED := FALSE;
FOR I := LOW + 1 STEP 1 UNTIL HIGH DO
BEGIN
COMMENT IF THIS PAIR IS OUT OF ORDER ;
IF A(I - 1) > A(I) THEN
BEGIN
COMMENT SWAP THEM AND REMEMBER SOMETHING CHANGED ;
SWAP(I - 1, I);
SWAPPED := TRUE;
END;
END;
END;
END**OF**BUBBLESORT;
INTEGER ARRAY A(1:10);
INTEGER I, N;
I := 1;
FOR N := 6, 8, 5, 9, 3, 2, 2, 1, 4, 7 DO
BEGIN
A(I) := N; I := I + 1;
END;
BUBBLESORT(A);
FOR I:= 1 STEP 1 UNTIL 10 DO
OUTINT(A(I), 5);
OUTIMAGE;
END;</lang>
- Output:
1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Smalltalk
A straight translation from the pseudocode above. Swap is done with a block closure.
<lang smalltalk>|item swap itemCount hasChanged| item := #(1 4 5 6 10 8 7 61 0 -3) copy. swap := [:indexOne :indexTwo| |temp| temp := item at: indexOne. item at: indexOne put: (item at: indexTwo). item at: indexTwo put: temp].
itemCount := item size. [hasChanged := false. itemCount := itemCount - 1. 1 to: itemCount do: [:index | (item at: index) > (item at: index + 1) ifTrue: [swap value: index value: index + 1. hasChanged := true]]. hasChanged] whileTrue.</lang>
SNOBOL4
<lang SNOBOL4>* # Sort array in place, return array
define('bubble(a,alen)i,j,ub,tmp') :(bubble_end)
bubble i = 1; ub = alen outer gt(ub,1) :f(bdone)
j = 1
inner le(a<j>, a<j + 1>) :s(incrj)
tmp = a<j>
a<j> = a<j + 1>
a<j + 1> = tmp
incrj j = lt(j + 1,ub) j + 1 :s(inner)
ub = ub - 1 :(outer)
bdone bubble = a :(return) bubble_end
- # Fill array with test data
str = '33 99 15 54 1 20 88 47 68 72'
output = str; arr = array(10)
floop i = i + 1; str span('0123456789') . arr = :s(floop)
- # Test and display
bubble(arr,10); str =
sloop j = j + 1; str = str arr<j> ' ' :s(sloop)
output = trim(str)
end</lang>
- Output:
33 99 15 54 1 20 88 47 68 72 1 15 20 33 47 54 68 72 88 99
SPARK
The first version is based on the Ada version, with Integer for both the array index and the array element.
Static analysis of this code shows that it is guaranteed free of any run-time error when called from any other SPARK code. <lang Ada>package Bubble is
type Arr is array(Integer range <>) of Integer;
procedure Sort (A : in out Arr); --# derives A from *;
end Bubble;
package body Bubble
is
procedure Sort (A : in out Arr)
is
Finished : Boolean;
Temp : Integer;
begin
if A'Last /= A'First then
loop
Finished := True;
for J in Integer range A'First .. A'Last - 1 loop
if A (J + 1) < A (J) then
Finished := False;
Temp := A (J + 1);
A (J + 1) := A (J);
A (J) := Temp;
end if;
end loop;
--# assert A'Last /= A'First;
exit when Finished;
end loop;
end if;
end Sort;
end Bubble; </lang> The next version has a postcondition to guarantee that the returned array is sorted correctly. This requires the two proof rules that follow the source. The Ada code is identical with the first version. <lang Ada>package Bubble is
type Arr is array(Integer range <>) of Integer;
-- Sorted is a proof function with the definition: -- Sorted(A, From_I, To_I) -- <-> -- (for all I in Integer range From_I .. To_I - 1 => -- (A(I) <= A(I + 1))) . -- --# function Sorted (A : Arr; --# From_I, To_I : Integer) return Boolean; procedure Sort (A : in out Arr); --# derives A from *; --# post Sorted(A, A'First, A'Last);
end Bubble;
package body Bubble
is
procedure Sort (A : in out Arr)
is
Finished : Boolean;
Temp : Integer;
begin
if A'Last > A'First then
loop
Finished := True;
for J in Integer range A'First .. A'Last - 1
--# assert Finished -> Sorted(A, A'First, J);
loop
if A (J + 1) < A (J) then
Finished := False;
Temp := A (J + 1);
A (J + 1) := A (J);
A (J) := Temp;
end if;
end loop;
--# assert A'Last /= A'First
--# and (Finished -> Sorted(A, A'First, A'Last));
exit when Finished;
end loop;
end if;
end Sort;
end Bubble; </lang> The proof rules are stated here without justification (but they are fairly obvious). A formal proof of these rules from the definition of Sorted has been completed.
bubble_sort_rule(1): sorted(A, I, J)
may_be_deduced_from
[ J <= I ] .
bubble_sort_rule(2): Fin -> sorted(A, I, J + 1)
may_be_deduced_from
[ Fin -> sorted(A, I, J),
element(A, [J]) <= element(A, [J + 1]) ] .
Both of the two versions above use an inner loop that scans over all the array on every pass of the outer loop. This makes the proof in the second version very simple.
The final version scans over a reducing portion of the array in the inner loop, consequently the proof becomes more complex. The package specification for this version is the same as the second version above. The package body defines two more proof functions. <lang Ada>package body Bubble is
procedure Sort (A : in out Arr)
is
Finished : Boolean;
-- In_Position is a proof function with the definition:
-- In_Position(A, A_Start, A_I, A_End)
-- <->
-- ((for all K in Integer range A_Start .. A_I - 1 =>
-- (A(K) <= A(A_I)))
-- and
-- Sorted(A, A_I, A_End) .
--
--# function In_Position (A : Arr;
--# A_Start, A_I, A_End : Integer) return Boolean;
-- Swapped is a proof function with the definition:
-- Swapped(A_In, A_Out, I1, I2)
-- <->
-- (A_Out = A_In[I1 => A_In(I2); I2 => A_In(I1)]).
--
--# function Swapped (A_In, A_Out : Arr;
--# I1, I2 : Integer) return Boolean;
procedure Swap (A : in out Arr;
I1 : in Integer;
I2 : in Integer)
--# derives A from *, I1, I2;
--# pre I1 in A'First .. A'Last
--# and I2 in A'First .. A'Last;
--# post Swapped(A~, A, I1, I2);
is
Temp : Integer;
begin
Temp := A(I2);
A(I2) := A(I1);
A(I1) := Temp;
end Swap;
pragma Inline (Swap);
begin
if A'Last > A'First then
for I in reverse Integer range A'First + 1 .. A'Last loop
Finished := True;
for J in Integer range A'First .. I - 1 loop
if A (J + 1) < A (J) then
Finished := False;
Swap (A, J, J + 1);
end if;
--# assert I% = I -- I is unchanged by execution of the loop
--# and (for all K in Integer range A'First .. J =>
--# (A(K) <= A(J + 1)))
--# and (I < A'Last -> In_Position(A, A'First, I + 1, A'Last))
--# and (Finished -> Sorted(A, A'First, J + 1));
end loop;
exit when Finished;
--# assert In_Position(A, A'First, I, A'Last);
end loop;
end if;
end Sort;
end Bubble; </lang> Completion of the proof of this version requires more rules than the previous version and they are rather more complex. Creation of these rules is quite straightforward - I tend to write whatever rules the Simplifier needs first and then validate them afterwards. A formal proof of these rules from the definition of Sorted, In_Position and Swapped has been completed.
bubble_sort_rule(1): sorted(A, I, J)
may_be_deduced_from
[ J <= I ] .
bubble_sort_rule(2): sorted(A, I - 1, J)
may_be_deduced_from
[ sorted(A, I, J),
element(A, [I - 1]) <= element(A, [I]) ] .
bubble_sort_rule(3): Fin -> sorted(A, I, J + 1)
may_be_deduced_from
[ Fin -> sorted(A, I, J),
element(A, [J]) <= element(A, [J + 1]) ] .
bubble_sort_rule(4): sorted(A, Fst, Lst)
may_be_deduced_from
[ sorted(A, Fst, I),
I < Lst -> in_position(A, Fst, I + 1, Lst),
I <= Lst ] .
bubble_sort_rule(5): in_position(A, Fst, I, Lst)
may_be_deduced_from
[ I < Lst -> in_position(A, Fst, I + 1, Lst),
for_all(K : integer, Fst <= K and K <= I - 1
-> element(A, [K]) <= element(A, [I])),
I >= Fst,
I <= Lst ] .
bubble_sort_rule(6): I < Lst -> in_position(A2, Fst, I + 1, Lst)
may_be_deduced_from
[ I < Lst -> in_position(A1, Fst, I + 1, Lst),
swapped(A1, A2, J + 1, J + 2),
J + 2 < I + 1,
J >= Fst ] .
bubble_sort_rule(7): I - 1 < Lst -> in_position(A2, Fst, I, Lst)
may_be_deduced_from
[ in_position(A1, Fst, I, Lst),
swapped(A1, A2, J, J + 1),
J + 1 < I,
J >= Fst ] .
bubble_sort_rule(8): for_all(K : integer, I <= K and K <= I
-> element(A, [K]) <= element(A, [I + 1]))
may_be_deduced_from
[ element(A, [I]) <= element(A, [I + 1]) ] .
bubble_sort_rule(9): for_all(K : integer, I <= K and K <= I
-> element(A2, [K]) <= element(A2, [I + 1]))
may_be_deduced_from
[ element(A1, [I]) > element(A1, [I + 1]),
swapped(A1, A2, I, I + 1) ] .
bubble_sort_rule(10): for_all(K2 : integer, Fst <= K2 and K2 <= J + 1
-> element(A, [K2]) <= element(A, [J + 2]))
may_be_deduced_from
[ for_all(K1 : integer, Fst <= K1 and K1 <= J
-> element(A, [K1]) <= element(A, [J + 1])),
element(A, [J + 1]) <= element(A, [J + 2]) ] .
bubble_sort_rule(11): for_all(K2 : integer, Fst <= K2 and K2 <= J + 1
-> element(A2, [K2]) <= element(A2, [J + 2]))
may_be_deduced_from
[ for_all(K1 : integer, Fst <= K1 and K1 <= J
-> element(A1, [K1]) <= element(A1, [J + 1])),
element(A1, [J + 1]) > element(A1, [J + 2]),
swapped(A1, A2, J + 1, J + 2) ] .
File bubble.ads: <lang ada>package Bubble with SPARK_Mode is
type Arr is array (Integer range <>) of Integer;
function Sorted (A : Arr) return Boolean is
(for all I in A'First .. A'Last - 1 => A(I) <= A(I + 1))
with
Ghost,
Pre => A'Last > Integer'First;
function Bubbled (A : Arr) return Boolean is
(for all I in A'First .. A'Last - 1 => A(I) <= A(A'Last))
with
Ghost,
Pre => A'Last > Integer'First;
procedure Sort (A : in out Arr)
with
Pre => A'Last > Integer'First and A'Last < Integer'Last,
Post => Sorted (A);
end Bubble; </lang>
File bubble.adb: <lang ada>package body Bubble with SPARK_Mode is
procedure Sort (A : in out Arr)
is
Prev : Arr (A'Range) with Ghost;
Done : Boolean;
begin
for I in reverse A'First .. A'Last - 1 loop
Prev := A;
Done := True;
for J in A'First .. I loop
if A(J) > A(J + 1) then
declare
TMP : Integer := A(J);
begin
A(J) := A(J + 1);
A(J + 1) := TMP;
Done := False;
end;
end if;
pragma Loop_Invariant (if Done then Sorted (A(A'First .. J + 1)));
pragma Loop_Invariant (Bubbled (A(A'First .. J + 1)));
pragma Loop_Invariant (A(J + 2 .. A'Last) = Prev(J + 2 .. A'Last));
pragma Loop_Invariant (for some K in A'First .. J + 1 =>
A(J + 1) = Prev(K));
end loop;
exit when Done;
pragma Loop_Invariant (if Done then Sorted (A));
pragma Loop_Invariant (Bubbled (A(A'First .. I + 1)));
pragma Loop_Invariant (Sorted (A(I + 1 .. A'Last)));
end loop;
end Sort;
end Bubble; </lang>
File main.adb: <lang ada>with Ada.Integer_Text_IO; with Bubble;
procedure Main is
A : Bubble.Arr := (5,4,6,3,7,2,8,1,9);
begin
Bubble.Sort (A);
for I in A'Range loop
Ada.Integer_Text_IO.Put (A(I));
end loop;
end Main; </lang>
File bubble.gpr: <lang ada>project Bubble is
for Main use ("main.adb");
end Bubble; </lang>
To verify the program, execute the command: gnatprove -P bubble.gpr -j0 --level=2
File gnatprove/gnatprove.out:
Summary of SPARK analysis ========================= -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SPARK Analysis results Total Flow Interval CodePeer Provers Justified Unproved -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Data Dependencies . . . . . . . Flow Dependencies . . . . . . . Initialization 6 6 . . . . . Non-Aliasing . . . . . . . Run-time Checks 36 . . . 36 (CVC4) . . Assertions 14 . . . 14 (CVC4 64%, Z3 36%) . . Functional Contracts 7 . . . 7 (CVC4 89%, Z3 11%) . . LSP Verification . . . . . . . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 63 6 (10%) . . 57 (90%) . . Analyzed 2 units in unit bubble, 4 subprograms and packages out of 4 analyzed Bubble at bubble.ads:1 flow analyzed (0 errors, 0 checks and 0 warnings) and proved (0 checks) Bubble.Bubbled at bubble.ads:11 flow analyzed (0 errors, 0 checks and 0 warnings) and proved (3 checks) Bubble.Sort at bubble.ads:17 flow analyzed (0 errors, 0 checks and 0 warnings) and proved (50 checks) Bubble.Sorted at bubble.ads:5 flow analyzed (0 errors, 0 checks and 0 warnings) and proved (4 checks) in unit main, 0 subprograms and packages out of 1 analyzed Main at main.adb:4 skipped
Standard ML
Assumes a list of integers.
fun bubble_select [] = []
| bubble_select [a] = [a]
| bubble_select (a::b::xs) =
if b < a then b::(bubble_select(a::xs)) else a::(bubble_select(b::xs))
fun bubblesort [] = []
| bubblesort (x::xs) =bubble_select (x::(bubblesort xs))
Stata
<lang stata>mata function bubble_sort(a) { n = length(a) for (j = n; j >= 2; j--) { q = 1 for (i = 2; i <= j; i++) { if (a[i-1] > a[i]) { q = 0 s = a[i-1] a[i-1] = a[i] a[i] = s } } if (q) return } } end</lang>
Swift
<lang Swift>func bubbleSort<T:Comparable>(list:inout[T]) {
var done = false
while !done {
done = true
for i in 1..<list.count {
if list[i - 1] > list[i] {
(list[i], list[i - 1]) = (list[i - 1], list[i])
done = false
}
}
}
}
var list1 = [3, 1, 7, 5, 2, 5, 3, 8, 4] print(list1) bubbleSort(list: &list1) print(list1)</lang>
Symsyn
<lang Symsyn>
x : 23 : 15 : 99 : 146 : 3 : 66 : 71 : 5 : 23 : 73 : 19
bubble_sort param index size
+ index size limit
lp
changes
- limit
index i
if i < limit
+ 1 i ip1
if base.i > base.ip1
swap base.i base.ip1
+ changes
endif
+ i
goif
endif
if changes > 0
go lp
endif
return
start
' original values : ' $r call showvalues call bubble_sort @x #x ' sorted values : ' $r call showvalues stop
showvalues
$s i if i < #x "$s ' ' x.i ' '" $s + i goif endif " $r $s " [] return
</lang>
Tailspin
<lang tailspin> templates bubblesort
templates bubble
@: 1;
1..$-1 -> #
$@ !
when <?($@bubblesort($+1) <..~$@bubblesort($)>)> do
@: $;
def temp: $@bubblesort($@);
@bubblesort($@): $@bubblesort($@+1);
@bubblesort($@+1): $temp;
end bubble
@: $;
$::length -> #
$@ !
when <2..> do
$ -> bubble -> #
end bubblesort
[4,5,3,8,1,2,6,7,9,8,5] -> bubblesort -> !OUT::write </lang>
Tcl
<lang tcl>package require Tcl 8.5 package require struct::list
proc bubblesort {A} {
set len [llength $A]
set swapped true
while {$swapped} {
set swapped false
for {set i 0} {$i < $len - 1} {incr i} {
set j [expr {$i + 1}]
if {[lindex $A $i] > [lindex $A $j]} {
struct::list swap A $i $j
set swapped true
}
}
incr len -1
}
return $A
}
puts [bubblesort {8 6 4 2 1 3 5 7 9}] ;# => 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9</lang>
Idiomatic code uses the builtin lsort instead, which is a stable O(n log n) sort.
TI-83 BASIC
Input your data into L1 and run this program to organize it.
:L1→L2 :1+dim(L2)→N :For(D,1,dim(L2)) :N-1→N :0→I :For(C,1,dim(L2)-2) :For(A,dim(L2)-N+1,dim(L2)-1) :If L2(A)>L2(A+1) :Then :1→I :L2(A)→B :L2(A+1)→L2(A) :B→L2(A+1) :End :End :End :If I=0 :Goto C :End :Lbl C :If L2(1)>L2(2) :Then :L2(1)→B :L2(2)→L2(1) :B→L2(2) :End :DelVar A :DelVar B :DelVar C :DelVar D :DelVar N :DelVar I :Return
Odd-Even Bubble Sort (same IO):
:"ODD-EVEN" :L1→L2( :1+dim(L2)→N :For(D,1,dim(L2)) :N-1→N :0→O :For(C,1,dim(L2)-2) :For(A,dim(L2)-N+2,dim(L2)-1,2) :If L2(A)>L2(A+1) :Then :1→O :L2(A)→B :L2(A+1)→L2(A) :B→L2(A+1) :End :End :For(A,dim(L2)-N+1,dim(L2)-1,2) :If L2(A)>L2(A+1) :Then :1→O :L2(A)→B :L2(A+1)→L2(A) :B→L2(A+1) :End :End :End :If O=0 :Goto C :End :Lbl C :If L2(1)>L2(2) :Then :L2(1)→B :L2(2)→L2(1) :B→L2(2) :End :DelVar A :DelVar B :DelVar C :DelVar D :DelVar N :DelVar O :Return
Implementation of the pseudo code given at the top of the page. Place data to be sorted in L1
:dim(L1)→D
:Repeat C=0
:0→C
:D–1→D
:For(I,1,D)
:If L1(I)>L1(I+1):Then
:L1(I)→C
:L1(I+1)→L1(I)
:C→L1(I+1)
:1→C
:End
:End
:End
:L1
Toka
Toka does not have a bubble sort predefined, but it is easy to code a simple one:
<lang toka>#! A simple Bubble Sort function value| array count changed | [ ( address count -- )
to count to array
count 0
[ count 0
[ i array array.get i 1 + array array.get 2dup >
[ i array array.put i 1 + array array.put ]
[ 2drop ] ifTrueFalse
] countedLoop
count 1 - to count
] countedLoop
] is bsort
- ! Code to display an array
[ ( array count -- )
0 swap [ dup i swap array.get . ] countedLoop drop cr
] is .array
- ! Create a 10-cell array
10 cells is-array foo
- ! Fill it with random values
20 1 foo array.put 50 2 foo array.put 650 3 foo array.put 120 4 foo array.put 110 5 foo array.put 101 6 foo array.put
1321 7 foo array.put 1310 8 foo array.put
987 9 foo array.put 10 10 foo array.put
- ! Display the array, sort it, and display it again
foo 10 .array foo 10 bsort foo 10 .array</lang>
TorqueScript
<lang TorqueScript>//Note that we're assuming that the list of numbers is separated by tabs. function bubbleSort(%list) { %ct = getFieldCount(%list); for(%i = 0; %i < %ct; %i++) { for(%k = 0; %k < (%ct - %i - 1); %k++) { if(getField(%list, %k) > getField(%list, %k+1)) { %tmp = getField(%list, %k); %list = setField(%list, %k, getField(%list, %k+1)); %list = setField(%list, %k+1, %tmp); } } } return %list; }</lang>
uBasic/4tH
<lang>PRINT "Bubble sort:"
n = FUNC (_InitArray) PROC _ShowArray (n) PROC _Bubblesort (n) PROC _ShowArray (n)
END
_Bubblesort PARAM(1) ' Bubble sort
LOCAL (2)
DO
b@ = 0
FOR c@ = 1 TO a@-1
IF @(c@-1) > @(c@) THEN PROC _Swap (c@, c@-1) : b@ = c@
NEXT
a@ = b@
UNTIL b@ = 0
LOOP
RETURN
_Swap PARAM(2) ' Swap two array elements
PUSH @(a@) @(a@) = @(b@) @(b@) = POP()
RETURN
_InitArray ' Init example array
PUSH 4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782, 1 FOR i = 0 TO 9 @(i) = POP() NEXT
RETURN (i)
_ShowArray PARAM (1) ' Show array subroutine
FOR i = 0 TO a@-1 PRINT @(i), NEXT PRINT
RETURN</lang>
Unicon
See Icon.
UnixPipes
<lang bash>rm -f _sortpass
reset() {
test -f _tosort || mv _sortpass _tosort
}
bpass() {
(read a; read b
test -n "$b" -a "$a" && (
test $a -gt $b && (reset; echo $b; (echo $a ; cat) | bpass ) || (echo $a; (echo $b ; cat) | bpass )
) || echo $a)
}
bubblesort() {
cat > _tosort
while test -f _tosort
do
cat _tosort | (rm _tosort;cat) |bpass > _sortpass
done
cat _sortpass
}
cat to.sort | bubblesort</lang>
Ursala
The bubblesort function is parameterized by a relational predicate. <lang Ursala>#import nat
bubblesort "p" = @iNX ^=T ^llPrEZryPrzPlrPCXlQ/~& @l ~&aitB^?\~&a "p"?ahthPX/~&ahPfatPRC ~&ath2fahttPCPRC
- cast %nL
example = bubblesort(nleq) <362,212,449,270,677,247,567,532,140,315></lang>
- Output:
<140,212,247,270,315,362,449,532,567,677>
Vala
<lang vala>void swap(int[] array, int i1, int i2) {
if (array[i1] == array[i2]) return; var tmp = array[i1]; array[i1] = array[i2]; array[i2] = tmp;
}
void bubble_sort(int[] array) {
bool flag = true;
int j = array.length;
while(flag) {
flag = false;
for (int i = 1; i < j; i++) {
if (array[i] < array[i - 1]) {
swap(array, i - 1, i);
flag = true;
}
}
j--;
}
}
void main() {
int[] array = {5, -1, 101, -4, 0, 1, 8, 6, 2, 3};
bubble_sort(array);
foreach (int i in array)
print("%d ", i);
}</lang>
- Output:
-4 -1 0 1 2 3 5 6 8 101
VBA
<lang vb>Private Function bubble_sort(s As Variant) As Variant
Dim tmp As Variant
Dim changed As Boolean
For j = UBound(s) To 1 Step -1
changed = False
For i = 1 To j - 1
If s(i) > s(i + 1) Then
tmp = s(i)
s(i) = s(i + 1)
s(i + 1) = tmp
changed = True
End If
Next i
If Not changed Then
Exit For
End If
Next j
bubble_sort = s
End Function
Public Sub main()
s = [{4, 15, "delta", 2, -31, 0, "alfa", 19, "gamma", 2, 13, "beta", 782, 1}]
Debug.Print "Before: "
Debug.Print Join(s, ", ")
Debug.Print "After: "
Debug.Print Join(bubble_sort(s), ", ")
End Sub</lang>
- Output:
Before: 4, 15, delta, 2, -31, 0, alfa, 19, gamma, 2, 13, beta, 782, 1 After: -31, 0, 1, 2, 2, 4, 13, 15, 19, 782, alfa, beta, delta, gamma
VBScript
Doing the decr and incr thing is superfluous, really. I just had stumbled over the byref thing for swap and wanted to see where else it would work.
For those unfamiliar with Perth, WA Australia, the five strings being sorted are names of highways.
Implementation
<lang vb> sub decr( byref n ) n = n - 1 end sub
sub incr( byref n ) n = n + 1 end sub
sub swap( byref a, byref b) dim tmp tmp = a a = b b = tmp end sub
function bubbleSort( a ) dim changed dim itemCount itemCount = ubound(a) do changed = false decr itemCount for i = 0 to itemCount if a(i) > a(i+1) then swap a(i), a(i+1) changed = true end if next loop until not changed bubbleSort = a end function </lang>
Invocation
<lang vb> dim a a = array( "great eastern", "roe", "stirling", "albany", "leach") wscript.echo join(a,", ") bubbleSort a wscript.echo join(a,", ") </lang>
- Output:
great eastern, roe, stirling, albany, leach albany, great eastern, leach, roe, stirling
Visual Basic .NET
Platform: .NET
<lang vbnet>Do Until NoMoreSwaps = True
NoMoreSwaps = True
For Counter = 1 To (NumberOfItems - 1)
If List(Counter) > List(Counter + 1) Then
NoMoreSwaps = False
Temp = List(Counter)
List(Counter) = List(Counter + 1)
List(Counter + 1) = Temp
End If
Next
NumberOfItems = NumberOfItems - 1
Loop</lang>
Vlang
<lang vlang>fn bubble(mut arr []int) {
println('Input: ${arr.str()}')
mut count := arr.len
for {
if count <= 1 {
break
}
mut has_changed := false
count--
for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
if arr[i] > arr[i + 1] {
temp := arr[i + 1]
arr[i + 1] = arr[i]
arr[i] = temp
has_changed = true
}
}
if !has_changed {
break
}
}
println('Output: ${arr.str()}')
}
fn main() {
mut arr := [3, 5, 2, 1, 4]
bubble(mut arr)
}</lang>
- Output:
Input: [3, 5, 2, 1, 4] Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Wren
Based on the pseudo-code in the Wikipedia article. <lang ecmascript>var bubbleSort = Fn.new { |a|
var n = a.count
if (n < 2) return
while (true) {
var swapped = false
for (i in 1..n-1) {
if (a[i-1] > a[i]) {
var t = a[i-1]
a[i-1] = a[i]
a[i] = t
swapped = true
}
}
if (!swapped) return
}
}
var as = [ [4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782, 1], [7, 5, 2, 6, 1, 4, 2, 6, 3] ] for (a in as) {
System.print("Before: %(a)")
bubbleSort.call(a)
System.print("After : %(a)")
System.print()
}</lang>
- Output:
Before: [4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 2, 83, 782, 1] After : [-31, 0, 1, 2, 2, 4, 65, 83, 99, 782] Before: [7, 5, 2, 6, 1, 4, 2, 6, 3] After : [1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7]
X86 Assembly
Translation of XPL0. Assemble with tasm, tlink /t <lang asm> .model tiny
.code
.486
org 100h
start: mov si, offset array
mov ax, 40 ;length of array (not including $)
call bsort
mov dx, si ;point to array
mov ah, 09h ;display it as a string
int 21h
ret
array db "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs.$"
- Bubble sort
- si = array addrsss, ax = number of bytes
bsort: pusha
xchg cx, ax ;get size of array N
dec cx ;for J:= N-1 downto 0
bs10: xor bx, bx ;for I:= 0 to J-1 bs20: mov ax, [bx+si]
cmp al, ah ;if A(I) > A(I+1) then
jbe bs30
xchg al, ah ; swap bytes
mov [bx+si], ax
bs30: inc bx ;next I
cmp bx, cx
jb bs20
loop bs10
popa
ret
end start</lang>
- Output:
.Pabcdeefghiiijklmnoooqrstuuvwxyz
Xojo
<lang xojo>Dim temp, count As Integer Dim isDirty As Boolean count = Ubound(list) // count the array size
// loop through until we don't move any numbers... this means we are sorted Do
isDirty = False // we haven't touched anything yet
For i As Integer = 1 To count - 1 // loop through all the numbers
If list(i) > list(i + 1) Then // if the right number is smaller then the left.. swap
temp = list(i + 1)
list(i + 1) = list(i)
list(i) = temp
isDirty = True // we touched the data so mark it as dirty
End
Next
Loop Until isDirty = False // if we made it without touching the data then we are done</lang>
XPL0
<lang XPL0>include c:\cxpl\codes; \intrinsic 'code' declarations string 0; \use zero-terminated strings
proc BSort(A, N); \Bubble sort array in ascending order char A; \address of array int N; \number of items in array (size) int I, J, T; [for J:= N-1 downto 0 do
for I:= 0 to J-1 do
if A(I) > A(I+1) then
[T:= A(I); A(I):= A(I+1); A(I+1):= T]; \swap items
]; \BSort
func StrLen(Str); \Return number of characters in an ASCIIZ string char Str; int I; for I:= 0 to -1>>1-1 do
if Str(I) = 0 then return I;
char Str; [Str:= "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs."; BSort(Str, StrLen(Str)); Text(0, Str); CrLf(0); ]</lang>
- Output:
" .Pabcdeefghiiijklmnoooqrstuuvwxyz"
Yabasic
<lang Yabasic>// Animated sort. // Original idea by William Tang, obtained from MicroHobby 25 Years (https://microhobby.speccy.cz/zxsf/MH-25Years.pdf)
clear screen
n=15 : m=18 : y=9 : t$=chr$(17)+chr$(205)+chr$(205) dim p(n), p$(n)
for x=1 TO n
p(x)=ran(15)+1 p$(x)=str$(p(x),"##.######") print at(0,x) p$(x)
next x
for j=1 to n-1
for i=j+1 to n
l=n+j-i+1
if p(j) > p(l) then
print color("yellow","red") at(0,j) p$(j)
if l<>m then
for x=m to l step sig(l-m): print at(18,x) t$ : print at (18,x+sig(m-l)) " " : pause .02 : next x
end if
for x=17 TO y step -1 : print at(x,l) t$+" " : pause .02 : next x
for x=0 TO 10 : print at(x,l) " "+p$(l)+t$ : pause .02 : next x
for x=l TO j STEP -1 : print at(11,x) p$(l)+t$ : print at(11,x+1) " " : pause .02 : next x
print at(0,j) " "
for x=j+1 TO l-1 : print color("yellow","red") at(0,x) p$(j) : pause .02 : print at(0,x) p$(x) : pause .02 : next x
print at(0,l) p$(j)
for x=10 TO 0 step -1 : print at(x,j) p$(l)+t$+" " : pause .02 : next x
for x=y TO 17 : print at(x,j) " "+t$ : pause .02 : next x
m=j
t=p(l) : tem$=p$(l)
p(l)=p(j) : p$(l)=p$(j)
p(j)=t : p$(j)=tem$
end if
pause .02
next i
next j
for x=m TO 18 : print at(18,x-1) " " : print at(18,x) t$ : pause .02 : next x </lang>
Yorick
<lang yorick>func bubblesort(&items) {
itemCount = numberof(items);
do {
hasChanged = 0;
itemCount--;
for(index = 1; index <= itemCount; index++) {
if(items(index) > items(index+1)) {
items([index,index+1]) = items([index+1,index]);
hasChanged = 1;
}
}
} while(hasChanged);
}</lang>
zkl
<lang zkl>fcn bubbleSort(list){
itemCount := list.len();
do{
hasChanged := False;
foreach index in (itemCount -= 1){
if (list[index] > list[index + 1]){ list.swap(index,index + 1); hasChanged = True; }
} }while(hasChanged); list
}</lang> Or, punting early termination: <lang zkl>fcn bubbleSort(list){
foreach n,index in ([list.len()-1..0,-1],n){
if (list[index] > list[index + 1]) list.swap(index,index + 1);
}
list
}</lang> <lang zkl>bubbleSort("This is a test".split("")).println();</lang>
- Output:
L(" "," "," ","T","a","e","h","i","i","s","s","s","t","t")ZX Spectrum Basic
<lang zxbasic>5000 CLS 5002 LET a$="": FOR f=1 TO 64: LET a$=a$+CHR$ (32+INT (RND*96)): NEXT f 5004 PRINT a$; AT 10,0;"ZigZag BubbleSORT" 5010 LET la=LEN a$ 5011 LET i=1: LET u=0 5020 LET d=0: LET p=(u=0)-(u=1) 5021 LET l=(i AND u=0)+(la-i+u AND u=1) 5030 IF u=0 THEN IF a$(l+1)>=a$(l) THEN GO TO 5050 5031 IF u=1 THEN IF a$(l-1)<=a$(l) THEN GO TO 5050 5040 LET d=1 5042 LET t$=a$(l+p) 5043 LET a$(l+p)=a$(l) 5044 LET a$(l)=t$ 5050 LET l=l+p 5051 PRINT AT 10,21;a$(l);AT 12,0;a$ 5055 IF l<=la-i AND l>=i THEN GO TO 5023 5061 LET i=i+NOT u 5063 LET u=NOT u 5064 IF d AND i<la THEN GO TO 5020 5072 PRINT AT 12,0;a$ 9000 STOP </lang>
The traditional solution:
<lang zxbasic> 10 LET siz=32
20 DIM d$(siz) 30 REM Populate d$ 40 FOR n=1 TO siz: LET d$(n)=CHR$ (48+INT (RND*75)): NEXT n 50 PRINT d$ 60 LET unSorted=0 70 FOR i=1 TO siz-1 80 IF d$(i)>d$(i+1) THEN LET t$=d$(i): LET d$(i)=d$(i+1): LET d$(i+1)=t$: LET unSorted=1 90 NEXT i 100 IF unSorted THEN LET siz=siz-1: GO TO 60 110 PRINT d$</lang>