Date manipulation
(Redirected from Date Manipulation)
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
- Task
Given the date string "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST",
output the time 12 hours later in any human-readable format.
As extra credit, display the resulting time in a time zone different from your own.
11l
V format_str = ‘%B %d %Y %I:%M%p’
print((time:strptime(‘March 7 2009 7:30pm’, format_str)
+ TimeDelta(hours' 12)).strftime(format_str))Ada
The Ada way: long, type-based, clear, reliable. Most of the code consists of declarations. Only standard libraries are required.
with Ada.Calendar;
with Ada.Calendar.Formatting;
with Ada.Calendar.Time_Zones;
with Ada.Integer_Text_IO;
with Ada.Text_IO;
procedure Date_Manipulation is
type Month_Name_T is
(January, February, March, April, May, June,
July, August, September, October, November, December);
type Time_Zone_Name_T is (EST, Lisbon);
type Period_T is (AM, PM);
package TZ renames Ada.Calendar.Time_Zones;
use type TZ.Time_Offset;
Time_Zone_Offset : array (Time_Zone_Name_T) of TZ.Time_Offset :=
(EST => -5 * 60,
Lisbon => 0);
Period_Offset : array (Period_T) of Natural :=
(AM => 0,
PM => 12);
package Month_Name_IO is
new Ada.Text_IO.Enumeration_IO (Month_Name_T);
package Time_Zone_Name_IO is
new Ada.Text_IO.Enumeration_IO (Time_Zone_Name_T);
package Period_IO is
new Ada.Text_IO.Enumeration_IO (Period_T);
package Std renames Ada.Calendar;
use type Std.Time;
package Fmt renames Std.Formatting;
function To_Number (Name : Month_Name_T) return Std.Month_Number is
begin
return Std.Month_Number (Month_Name_T'Pos (Name) + 1);
end;
function To_Time (S : String) return Std.Time is
Month : Month_Name_T;
Day : Std.Day_Number;
Year : Std.Year_Number;
Hour : Fmt.Hour_Number;
Minute : Fmt.Minute_Number;
Period : Period_T;
Time_Zone : Time_Zone_Name_T;
I : Natural;
begin
Month_Name_IO.Get
(From => S, Item => Month, Last => I);
Ada.Integer_Text_IO.Get
(From => S (I + 1 .. S'Last), Item => Day, Last => I);
Ada.Integer_Text_IO.Get
(From => S (I + 1 .. S'Last), Item => Year, Last => I);
Ada.Integer_Text_IO.Get
(From => S (I + 1 .. S'Last), Item => Hour, Last => I);
Ada.Integer_Text_IO.Get
(From => S (I + 2 .. S'Last), Item => Minute, Last => I);
-- here we start 2 chars down to skip the ':'
Period_IO.Get
(From => S (I + 1 .. S'Last), Item => Period, Last => I);
Time_Zone_Name_IO.Get
(From => S (I + 1 .. S'Last), Item => Time_Zone, Last => I);
return Fmt.Time_Of
(Year => Year,
Month => To_Number (Month),
Day => Day,
Hour => Hour + Period_Offset (Period),
Minute => Minute,
Second => 0,
Time_Zone => Time_Zone_Offset (Time_Zone));
end;
function Img
(Date : Std.Time; Zone : Time_Zone_Name_T) return String is
begin
return
Fmt.Image (Date => Date, Time_Zone => Time_Zone_Offset (Zone)) &
" " & Time_Zone_Name_T'Image (Zone);
end;
T1, T2 : Std.Time;
use Ada.Text_IO;
begin
T1 := To_Time ("March 7 2009 7:30pm EST");
T2 := T1 + 12.0 * 60.0 * 60.0;
Put_Line ("T1 => " & Img (T1, EST) & " = " & Img (T1, Lisbon));
Put_Line ("T2 => " & Img (T2, EST) & " = " & Img (T2, Lisbon));
end;
Result:
T1 => 2009-03-07 19:30:00 EST = 2009-03-08 00:30:00 LISBON T2 => 2009-03-08 07:30:00 EST = 2009-03-08 12:30:00 LISBON
AppleScript
AppleScript has a built-in date class and can coerce a string to a date automatically. It also has reserved constants such as hours which are defined in the unit of seconds. There is no built-in support for time zones.
set x to "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
return (date x) + 12 * hours
Result is:
date "Sunday, March 8, 2009 7:30:00 AM"
The above is problematical in that:
- Using a date string in an AppleScript date specifier only works if the date format set in the user's preferences on the host machine is the same as the one used in the string.
- The US clocks went forward in the twelve hours specified by the task and, as already noted, vanilla AppleScript has no way of dealing with that.
However, AppleScript can run shell scripts and, more recently, access some of the system's Objective-C API through its hybrid form AppleScriptObjectiveC. So as long as the date format's known, the task is doable:
use AppleScript version "2.4" -- OS X 10.10 (Yosemite) or later
use framework "Foundation"
on dateManipulationTask()
set dateString to "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
set dateFormatter to current application's class "NSDateFormatter"'s new()
tell dateFormatter to setDateFormat:("MMMM d yyyy h:mma z")
tell dateFormatter to setAMSymbol:("am")
tell dateFormatter to setPMSymbol:("pm")
set USLocale to current application's class "NSLocale"'s localeWithLocaleIdentifier:("en_US")
tell dateFormatter to setLocale:(USLocale)
set timeZone to current application's class "NSTimeZone"'s timeZoneWithAbbreviation:(last word of dateString)
tell dateFormatter to setTimeZone:(timeZone)
set inputDate to dateFormatter's dateFromString:(dateString)
set newDate to current application's class "NSDate"'s dateWithTimeInterval:(12 * hours) sinceDate:(inputDate)
return (dateFormatter's stringFromDate:(newDate)) as text
end dateManipulationTask
dateManipulationTask()
- Output:
"March 8 2009 8:30am EDT"
Arturo
; a tiny helper, so that we aren't too repetitive
formatDate: function [dt][
to :string .format: "MMMM d yyyy h:mmtt" dt
]
initial: "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
; chop timezone off
initial: join.with:" " chop split.words initial
initial: to :date .format: "MMMM d yyyy h:mmtt" initial
print ["initial:" formatDate initial]
print ["after 12 hours:" formatDate after.hours:12 initial]
- Output:
initial: March 7 2009 7:30PM after 12 hours: March 8 2009 7:30AM
AutoHotkey
DateString := "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
; split the given string with RegExMatch
Needle := "^(?P<mm>\S*) (?P<d>\S*) (?P<y>\S*) (?P<t>\S*) (?P<tz>\S*)$"
RegExMatch(DateString, Needle, $)
; split the time with RegExMatch
Needle := "^(?P<h>\d+):(?P<min>\d+)(?P<xm>[amp]+)$"
RegExMatch($t, Needle, $)
; convert am/pm to 24h format
$h += ($xm = "am") ? 0 : 12
; knitting YYYYMMDDHH24MI format
_YYYY := $y
_MM := Get_MonthNr($mm)
_DD := SubStr("00" $d, -1) ; last 2 chars
_HH24 := SubStr("00" $h, -1) ; last 2 chars
_MI := $min
YYYYMMDDHH24MI := _YYYY _MM _DD _HH24 _MI
; add 12 hours as requested
EnvAdd, YYYYMMDDHH24MI, 12, Hours
FormatTime, HumanReadable, %YYYYMMDDHH24MI%, d/MMM/yyyy HH:mm
; add 5 hours to convert to different timezone (GMT)
EnvAdd, YYYYMMDDHH24MI, 5, Hours
FormatTime, HumanReadable_GMT, %YYYYMMDDHH24MI%, d/MMM/yyyy HH:mm
; output
MsgBox, % "Given: " DateString "`n`n"
. "12 hours later:`n"
. "(" $tz "):`t" HumanReadable "h`n"
. "(GMT):`t" HumanReadable_GMT "h`n"
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Get_MonthNr(Month) { ; convert named month to 2-digit number
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------
If (Month = "January")
Result := "01"
Else If (Month = "February")
Result := "02"
Else If (Month = "March")
Result := "03"
Else If (Month = "April")
Result := "04"
Else If (Month = "May")
Result := "05"
Else If (Month = "June")
Result := "06"
Else If (Month = "July")
Result := "07"
Else If (Month = "August")
Result := "08"
Else If (Month = "September")
Result := "09"
Else If (Month = "October")
Result := "10"
Else If (Month = "November")
Result := "11"
Else If (Month = "December")
Result := "12"
Return, Result
}
- Message box shows:
Given: March 7 2009 7:30pm EST 12 hours later: (EST): 8/Mar/2009 07:30h (GMT): 8/Mar/2009 12:30h
AWK
# syntax: GAWK -f DATE_MANIPULATION.AWK
BEGIN {
fmt = "%a %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z" # DAY YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS TZ
split("March 7 2009 7:30pm EST",arr," ")
M = (index("JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec",substr(arr[1],1,3)) + 2) / 3
D = arr[2]
Y = arr[3]
hhmm = arr[4]
hh = substr(hhmm,1,index(hhmm,":")-1) + 0
mm = substr(hhmm,index(hhmm,":")+1,2) + 0
if (hh == 12 && hhmm ~ /am/) { hh = 0 }
else if (hh < 12 && hhmm ~ /pm/) { hh += 12 }
time = mktime(sprintf("%d %d %d %d %d %d",Y,M,D,hh,mm,0))
printf("time: %s\n",strftime(fmt,time))
time += 12*60*60
printf("+12 hrs: %s\n",strftime(fmt,time))
exit(0)
}
- Output:
time: Sat 2009-03-07 19:30:00 Eastern Standard Time +12 hrs: Sun 2009-03-08 08:30:00 Eastern Daylight Time
Batch File
@echo off
call:Date_Manipulation "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
call:Date_Manipulation "February 28 2009 2:28pm EST"
call:Date_Manipulation "February 29 2000 9:52pm EST"
pause>nul
exit /b
:Date_Manipulation
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
:: These are the arrays we'll be using
set daysinmonth=31 28 31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31
set namesofmonths=January February March April May June July August September October November December
:: Separate the date given ("%1") into respective variables. Note: For now the "am/pm" is attached to %minutes%
for /f "tokens=1,2,3,4,5,6 delims=: " %%i in ("%~1") do (
set monthname=%%i
set day=%%j
set year=%%k
set hour=%%l
set minutes=%%m
set timezone=%%n
)
:: Separate the am/pm and the minutes value into different variables
set ampm=%minutes:~2,2%
set minutes=%minutes:~0,2%
:: Check if the day needs to be changed based on the status of "am/pm"
if %ampm%==pm (
set /a day+=1
set ampm=am
) else (
set ampm=pm
)
:: Get the number corresponding to the month given
set tempcount=0
for %%i in (%namesofmonths%) do (
set /a tempcount+=1
if %monthname%==%%i set monthcount=!tempcount!
)
:: As this step may may be needed to repeat if the month needs to be changed, we add a label here
:getdaysinthemonth
:: Work out how many days are in the current month
set tempcount=0
for %%i in (%daysinmonth%) do (
set /a tempcount+=1
if %monthcount%==!tempcount! set daysinthemonth=%%i
)
:: If the month is February, check if it is a leap year. If so, add 1 to the amount of days in the month
if %daysinthemonth%==28 (
set /a leapyearcheck=%year% %% 4
if !leapyearcheck!==0 set /a daysinthemonth+=1
)
:: Check if the month needs to be changed based on the current day and how many days there are in the current month
if %day% gtr %daysinthemonth% (
set /a monthcount+=1
set day=1
if !monthcount! gtr 12 (
set monthcount=1
set /a year+=1
)
goto getdaysinthemonth
)
:: Everything from :getdaysinthemonth will be repeated once if the month needs to be changed
:: This block is only required to change the name of the month for the output, however as you have %monthcount%, this is optional
set tempcount=0
for %%i in (%namesofmonths%) do (
set /a tempcount+=1
if %monthcount%==!tempcount! set monthname=%%i
)
echo Original - %~1
echo Manipulated - %monthname% %day% %year% %hour%:%minutes%%ampm% %timezone%
exit /b
The code takes 3 inputs to demonstrate the ability to deal with leap years.
- Input:
"March 7 2009 7:30pm EST" "February 28 2009 2:28pm EST" "February 29 2000 9:52pm EST"
- Output:
Original - March 7 2009 7:30pm EST Manipulated - March 8 2009 7:30am EST Original - February 28 2009 2:28pm EST Manipulated - March 1 2009 2:28am EST Original - February 29 2000 9:52pm EST Manipulated - March 1 2000 9:52am EST
BBC BASIC
INSTALL @lib$+"DATELIB"
date$ = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
mjd% = FN_readdate(date$, "mdy", 0)
colon% = INSTR(date$, ":")
hours% = VAL(MID$(date$, colon%-2))
IF INSTR(date$, "am") IF hours%=12 hours% -= 12
IF INSTR(date$, "pm") IF hours%<>12 hours% += 12
mins% = VAL(MID$(date$, colon%+1))
now% = mjd% * 1440 + hours% * 60 + mins%
new% = now% + 12 * 60 : REM 12 hours later
PRINT FNformat(new%, "EST")
PRINT FNformat(new% + 5 * 60, "GMT")
PRINT FNformat(new% - 3 * 60, "PST")
END
DEF FNformat(datetime%, zone$)
LOCAL mjd%, hours%, mins%, ampm$
mjd% = datetime% DIV 1440
hours% = (datetime% DIV 60) MOD 24
mins% = datetime% MOD 60
IF hours% < 12 THEN ampm$ = "am" ELSE ampm$ = "pm"
IF hours% = 0 hours% += 12
IF hours% > 12 hours% -= 12
= FN_date$(mjd%, "MMMM d yyyy") + " " + STR$(hours%) + \
\ ":" + RIGHT$("0"+STR$(mins%), 2) + ampm$ + " " + zone$
ENDPROC
- Output:
March 8 2009 7:30am EST March 8 2009 12:30pm GMT March 8 2009 4:30am PST
C
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
int main()
{
struct tm ts;
time_t t;
const char *d = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST";
strptime(d, "%B %d %Y %I:%M%p %Z", &ts);
/* ts.tm_hour += 12; instead of t += 12*60*60
works too. */
t = mktime(&ts);
t += 12*60*60;
printf("%s", ctime(&t));
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
Note: ctime treats the date as local, so that it is like the timezone information were discarded (to see the passage to daylight saving time I must change the date into March 28... no matter the timezone specified)
Version 1: Rosetta Code solution
#include <gadget/gadget.h>
LIB_GADGET_START
void write_human_date( const char* date, const char * time )
{
Print "%s %d %d %d:%d%s EST\n", Get_monthname( Get_month( date )-1 ),\
Get_day( date ), Get_year( date ), \
Get_hour(time),Get_minute(time), \
Get_hour(time)>12 ? "pm" : "am" ;
}
#define Sign(_N_) ( (_N_)<0? -1 : 1 )
Main
Assert( Arg_count==2, fail_input );
Get_arg_int( addhour, 1 );
Set_date_lang( EN ); // fix english language
char * date = Get_date();
char * time = Get_time();
addhour = Sign( addhour )*addhour;
write_human_date(date, time);
int adddays = ( Time2sec(time) + addhour*60*60 ) / 86400;
Get_fn_let( time, Sec2time( (Time2sec(time) + addhour*60*60 )) );
Get_fn_let( date, Date_add( date, adddays ) );
write_human_date(date, time);
Free secure date, time;
Exception( fail_input ){
Msg_red("Use:\n addhour <nHours>\n")
}
End
- Output:
$ ./addhour 12 january 11 2023 17:10pm EST january 12 2023 5:10am EST $ ./addhour 24 january 11 2023 17:10pm EST january 12 2023 17:10pm EST $ ./addhour 48 january 11 2023 17:10pm EST january 13 2023 17:10pm EST $ ./addhour 72 january 11 2023 17:11pm EST january 14 2023 17:11pm EST $ ./addhour 0 january 11 2023 17:11pm EST january 11 2023 17:11pm EST $ ./addhour 27 january 11 2023 17:16pm EST january 12 2023 20:16pm EST $ ./addhour Use: addhour <nHours>
Version 2: full solution
#include <gadget/gadget.h>
LIB_GADGET_START
void write_human_date( const char* date, const char * time )
{
Print "%s %d %d %d:%d%s EST\n", Get_monthname( Get_month( date )-1 ),\
Get_day( date ), Get_year( date ), \
Get_hour(time),Get_minute(time), \
Get_hour(time)>=12 ? "pm" : "am" ;
}
Main
Assert( Arg_count==2, fail_input );
Get_arg_str( cTime, 1 );
int addhour;
if ( Occurs(":", cTime) ){ // input: hh:mm:ss"
int sign = 1;
if ( cTime[0] == '-' ) {
sign=-1;
Fn_let( cTime, Substr( cTime,Str_at("-",cTime)+1,strlen(cTime) ) );
}
Assert ( Is_time_valid( cTime ), fail_time );
addhour = Time2sec( cTime ) * sign;
}else if( Occurs(",", cTime) ){ // horas>24 , minutos [0->59]
long min=0;
Stack{
addhour = Str2int( Get_token(cTime,1) );
min = Time2sec( Multi_copy( NULL, "00:", Get_token(cTime,2),NULL) );
}Stack_off;
if( addhour<0 ) {
addhour = addhour*60*60 - min;
}else{
addhour = addhour*60*60 + min;
}
}else{
addhour = Time2sec( cTime ); // asume hora simple
}
Free secure cTime;
Set_date_lang( EN ); // fix english language
char * date = Get_date();
char * time = Get_time();
int SGN = Sign(addhour);
write_human_date(date, time);
int adddays=0;
if( Is_non_neg(addhour) ){
adddays = ( Time2sec(time) + addhour ) / 86400;
Get_fn_let( time, Sec2time( (Time2sec(time) + addhour )) );
Get_fn_let( date, Date_add( date, adddays ) );
}else{
int ts = Time2sec(time), nt = addhour;
int subdays = ( Time2sec(time) + SGN*addhour ) / 86400;
if( SGN*nt > ts ){
Fn_let( time, Sec2time( 86400*subdays - SGN * (Time2sec(time) + addhour )) );
}else{
if( SGN*addhour/60/60 <= Get_hour(time) && Is_non_zero(subdays) )
subdays--;
Fn_let( time, Sec2time( (Time2sec(time) + addhour )) );
}
Get_fn_let( date, Date_add( date, SGN*subdays ) );
}
write_human_date(date, time);
Free secure date, time;
Exception( fail_input ){
Msg_yellow("Use:\n addhour <[-]nHours|[-]hh:mm[:ss]|[-]hh,mm>\n"
"e.g.\n addhour 12 (add 12 hours)\n addhour 12:15 (add 12 hours + 15 mins)\n"
" addhour -04:45 (subtract 4 hours + 45 mins)\n"
" addhour 72 (add 72 hours)\n addhour -48,3 (subtract 48 hours + 3 mins)\n"
" addhour 0,-15 (subtract 15 mins = -00:15)");
}
Exception( fail_time ){
Msg_yellowf("Bad format time: %s (valid time: hh:mm[:ss])\n",cTime );
Free secure cTime;
}
End
- Output:
$ ./tests/addhour 12 january 12 2023 15:21pm EST january 13 2023 3:21am EST $ ./tests/addhour 12:15 january 12 2023 15:22pm EST january 13 2023 3:37am EST $ ./tests/addhour -04:45 january 12 2023 15:22pm EST january 12 2023 10:37am EST $ ./tests/addhour 72 january 12 2023 15:22pm EST january 15 2023 15:22pm EST $ ./tests/addhour -48,3 january 12 2023 15:22pm EST january 10 2023 15:19pm EST $ ./tests/addhour 0,-15 january 12 2023 15:22pm EST january 12 2023 15:7pm EST $ ./tests/addhour -15,27 january 12 2023 15:27pm EST january 12 2023 0:0am EST $ ./tests/addhour -15,28 january 12 2023 15:27pm EST january 11 2023 23:59pm EST
C#
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
CultureInfo ci=CultureInfo.CreateSpecificCulture("en-US");
string dateString = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST";
string format = "MMMM d yyyy h:mmtt z";
DateTime myDateTime = DateTime.ParseExact(dateString.Replace("EST","+6"),format,ci) ;
DateTime newDateTime = myDateTime.AddHours(12).AddDays(1) ;
Console.WriteLine(newDateTime.ToString(format).Replace("-5","EST")); //probably not the best way to do this
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
C++
compiled with g++ -lboost_date_time
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/date_time/local_time/local_time.hpp>
#include <sstream>
#include <boost/date_time/gregorian/gregorian.hpp>
#include <vector>
#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <locale>
int main( ) {
std::string datestring ("March 7 2009 7:30pm EST" ) ;
//we must first parse the date string into a date , a time and a time
//zone part , to take account of present restrictions in the input facets
//of the Boost::DateTime library used for this example
std::vector<std::string> elements ;
//parsing the date string
boost::split( elements , datestring , boost::is_any_of( " " ) ) ;
std::string datepart = elements[ 0 ] + " " + "0" + elements[ 1 ] + " " +
elements[ 2 ] ; //we must add 0 to avoid trouble with the boost::date_input format strings
std::string timepart = elements[ 3 ] ;
std::string timezone = elements[ 4 ] ;
const char meridians[ ] = { 'a' , 'p' } ;
//we have to find out if the time is am or pm, to change the hours appropriately
std::string::size_type found = timepart.find_first_of( meridians, 0 ) ;
std::string twelve_hour ( timepart.substr( found , 1 ) ) ;
timepart = timepart.substr( 0 , found ) ; //we chop off am or pm
elements.clear( ) ;
boost::split( elements , timepart , boost::is_any_of ( ":" ) ) ;
long hour = std::atol( (elements.begin( ))->c_str( ) ) ;// hours in the string
if ( twelve_hour == "p" ) //it's post meridian, we're converting to 24-hour-clock
hour += 12 ;
long minute = std::atol( ( elements.begin( ) + 1)->c_str( ) ) ;
boost::local_time::tz_database tz_db ;
tz_db.load_from_file( "/home/ulrich/internetpages/date_time_zonespec.csv" ) ;
//according to the time zone database, this corresponds to one possible EST time zone
boost::local_time::time_zone_ptr dyc = tz_db.time_zone_from_region( "America/New_York" ) ;
//this is the string input format to initialize the date field
boost::gregorian::date_input_facet *f =
new boost::gregorian::date_input_facet( "%B %d %Y" ) ;
std::stringstream ss ;
ss << datepart ;
ss.imbue( std::locale( std::locale::classic( ) , f ) ) ;
boost::gregorian::date d ;
ss >> d ;
boost::posix_time::time_duration td ( hour , minute , 0 ) ;
//that's how we initialize the New York local time , by using date and adding
//time duration with values coming from parsed date input string
boost::local_time::local_date_time lt ( d , td , dyc ,
boost::local_time::local_date_time::NOT_DATE_TIME_ON_ERROR ) ;
std::cout << "local time: " << lt << '\n' ;
ss.str( "" ) ;
ss << lt ;
//we have to add 12 hours, so a new time duration object is created
boost::posix_time::time_duration td2 (12 , 0 , 0 , 0 ) ;
boost::local_time::local_date_time ltlater = lt + td2 ; //local time 12 hours later
boost::gregorian::date_facet *f2 =
new boost::gregorian::date_facet( "%B %d %Y , %R %Z" ) ;
std::cout.imbue( std::locale( std::locale::classic( ) , f2 ) ) ;
std::cout << "12 hours after " << ss.str( ) << " it is " << ltlater << " !\n" ;
//what's New York time in the Berlin time zone ?
boost::local_time::time_zone_ptr bt = tz_db.time_zone_from_region( "Europe/Berlin" ) ;
std::cout.imbue( std::locale( "de_DE.UTF-8" ) ) ; //choose the output forman appropriate for the time zone
std::cout << "This corresponds to " << ltlater.local_time_in( bt ) << " in Berlin!\n" ;
return 0 ;
}
- Output:
local time: 2009-Mar-07 19:30:00 EST 12 hours after 2009-Mar-07 19:30:00 EST it is 2009-Mar-08 08:30:00 EDT ! This corresponds to 2009-Mär-08 13:30:00 CET in Berlin!
Clojure
(import java.util.Date
java.text.SimpleDateFormat)
(defn time+12 [s]
(let [sdf (SimpleDateFormat. "MMMM d yyyy h:mma zzz")]
(-> (.parse sdf s)
(.getTime ,)
(+ , 43200000)
long
(Date. ,)
(->> , (.format sdf ,)))))
COBOL
Tested with GnuCOBOL
Two parts to this example. Following the task spec using POSIX routines, and a more standardized COBOL form. COBOL 2014 uses ISO8601 date and time formats, and these formats may be more common in COBOL applications.
identification division.
program-id. date-manipulation.
environment division.
configuration section.
repository.
function all intrinsic.
data division.
working-storage section.
01 given-date.
05 filler value z"March 7 2009 7:30pm EST".
01 date-spec.
05 filler value z"%B %d %Y %I:%M%p %Z".
01 time-struct.
05 tm-sec usage binary-long.
05 tm-min usage binary-long.
05 tm-hour usage binary-long.
05 tm-mday usage binary-long.
05 tm-mon usage binary-long.
05 tm-year usage binary-long.
05 tm-wday usage binary-long.
05 tm-yday usage binary-long.
05 tm-isdst usage binary-long.
05 tm-gmtoff usage binary-c-long.
05 tm-zone usage pointer.
01 scan-index usage pointer.
01 time-t usage binary-c-long.
01 time-tm usage pointer.
01 reform-buffer pic x(64).
01 reform-length usage binary-long.
01 current-locale usage pointer.
01 iso-spec constant as "YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss+hh:mm".
01 iso-date constant as "2009-03-07T19:30:00-05:00".
01 date-integer pic 9(9).
01 time-integer pic 9(9).
procedure division.
call "strptime" using
by reference given-date
by reference date-spec
by reference time-struct
returning scan-index
on exception
display "error calling strptime" upon syserr
end-call
display "Given: " given-date
if scan-index not equal null then
*> add 12 hours, and reform as local
call "mktime" using time-struct returning time-t
add 43200 to time-t
perform form-datetime
*> reformat as Pacific time
set environment "TZ" to "PST8PDT"
call "tzset" returning omitted
perform form-datetime
*> reformat as Greenwich mean
set environment "TZ" to "GMT"
call "tzset" returning omitted
perform form-datetime
*> reformat for Tokyo time, as seen in Hong Kong
set environment "TZ" to "Japan"
call "tzset" returning omitted
call "setlocale" using by value 6 by content z"en_HK.utf8"
returning current-locale
on exception
display "error with setlocale" upon syserr
end-call
move z"%c" to date-spec
perform form-datetime
else
display "date parse error" upon syserr
end-if
*> A more standard COBOL approach, based on ISO8601
display "Given: " iso-date
move integer-of-formatted-date(iso-spec, iso-date)
to date-integer
move seconds-from-formatted-time(iso-spec, iso-date)
to time-integer
add 43200 to time-integer
if time-integer greater than 86400 then
subtract 86400 from time-integer
add 1 to date-integer
end-if
display " " substitute(formatted-datetime(iso-spec
date-integer, time-integer, -300), "T", "/")
goback.
form-datetime.
call "localtime" using time-t returning time-tm
call "strftime" using
by reference reform-buffer
by value length(reform-buffer)
by reference date-spec
by value time-tm
returning reform-length
on exception
display "error calling strftime" upon syserr
end-call
if reform-length > 0 and <= length(reform-buffer) then
display " " reform-buffer(1 : reform-length)
else
display "date format error" upon syserr
end-if
.
end program date-manipulation.
- Output:
prompt$ cobc -xj date-manipulation.cob
Given: March 7 2009 7:30pm EST
March 08 2009 08:30AM EDT
March 08 2009 05:30AM PDT
March 08 2009 12:30PM GMT
Sunday, March 08, 2009 PM09:30:00 JST
Given: 2009-03-07T19:30:00-05:00
2009-03-08/07:30:00-05:00
Crystal
time = Time.parse("March 7 2009 7:30pm EST", "%B %-d %Y %l:%M%p", Time::Location.load("EST"))
time += 12.hours
puts time # 2009-03-08 07:30:00 -05:00
puts time.in(Time::Location.load("Europe/Berlin")) # 2009-03-08 13:30:00 +01:00
D
import std.stdio;
import std.format;
import std.datetime;
import std.algorithm;
enum months = ["January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December"];
void main()
{
// input
string date = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST";
// parsing date string to integer values
string month, md, tz;
int day, year, hour, minute;
date.formattedRead("%s %d %d %d:%d%s %s", &month, &day, &year, &hour, &minute, &md, &tz);
int mon = cast (int) months.countUntil(month) + 1;
// convert to 24-hour
if (md == "pm")
hour += 12;
// create date from integer
DateTime dt = DateTime(year, mon, day, hour, minute);
// output
writeln(dt);
writeln(dt + 12.hours);
}
- Output:
2009-Mar-07 19:30:00 2009-Mar-08 07:30:00
Delphi
program DateManipulation;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses
SysUtils,
DateUtils;
function MonthNumber(aMonth: string): Word;
begin
//Convert a string value representing the month
//to its corresponding numerical value
if aMonth = 'January' then Result:= 1
else if aMonth = 'February' then Result:= 2
else if aMonth = 'March' then Result:= 3
else if aMonth = 'April' then Result:= 4
else if aMonth = 'May' then Result:= 5
else if aMonth = 'June' then Result:= 6
else if aMonth = 'July' then Result:= 7
else if aMonth = 'August' then Result:= 8
else if aMonth = 'September' then Result:= 9
else if aMonth = 'October' then Result:= 10
else if aMonth = 'November' then Result:= 11
else if aMonth = 'December' then Result:= 12
else Result:= 12;
end;
function ParseString(aDateTime: string): TDateTime;
var
strDay,
strMonth,
strYear,
strTime: string;
iDay,
iMonth,
iYear: Word;
TimePortion: TDateTime;
begin
//Decode the month from the given string
strMonth:= Copy(aDateTime, 1, Pos(' ', aDateTime) - 1);
Delete(aDateTime, 1, Pos(' ', aDateTime));
iMonth:= MonthNumber(strMonth);
//Decode the day from the given string
strDay:= Copy(aDateTime, 1, Pos(' ', aDateTime) - 1);
Delete(aDateTime, 1, Pos(' ', aDateTime));
iDay:= StrToIntDef(strDay, 30);
//Decode the year from the given string
strYear:= Copy(aDateTime, 1, Pos(' ', aDateTime) -1);
Delete(aDateTime, 1, Pos(' ', aDateTime));
iYear:= StrToIntDef(strYear, 1899);
//Decode the time value from the given string
strTime:= Copy(aDateTime, 1, Pos(' ', aDateTime) -1);
//Encode the date value and assign it to result
Result:= EncodeDate(iYear, iMonth, iDay);
//Encode the time value and add it to result
if TryStrToTime(strTime, TimePortion) then
Result:= Result + TimePortion;
end;
function Add12Hours(aDateTime: string): string;
var
tmpDateTime: TDateTime;
begin
//Adding 12 hours to the given
//date time string value
tmpDateTime:= ParseString(aDateTime);
tmpDateTime:= IncHour(tmpDateTime, 12);
//Formatting the output
Result:= FormatDateTime('mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm AM/PM', tmpDateTime);
end;
begin
Writeln(Add12Hours('March 7 2009 7:30pm EST'));
Readln;
end.
- Output:
"03/08/2009 07:30 AM"
DuckDB
The following highlights the ease with which a period of time can be added to a DuckDB timestamp, in this case using the syntax `timestamp + INTERVAL 12 HOUR`. Thus the task boils down to converting the string representation of time to and from DuckDB timestamps.
The following is the record of a dialog with the DuckDB interpreter (CLI). The "D " is the DuckDB prompt, and the lines beginning with "#" are comments.
Note that the dialog assumes that the ICU extension has already been installed (`INSTALL icu`); also, the part of the dialog that uses a local variable depends on DuckDB Version 1.1.
# Since there is a time zone in the example string:
D LOAD icu;
# Since the TZ is EST:
D SET TimeZone EST;
# To view the example time as a DuckDB timestamp:
D SELECT strptime( 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST', '%B %d %Y %I:%M%p %Z') as t0;
┌──────────────────────────┐
│ t0 │
│ timestamp with time zone │
├──────────────────────────┤
│ 2009-03-07 19:30:00-05 │
└──────────────────────────┘
# Add 12 hours using the notation "+ INTERVAL 12 HOUR"
D SELECT (strptime('March 7 2009 7:30pm EST', '%B %d %Y %I:%M%p %Z') + INTERVAL 12 HOUR) as t1;
┌──────────────────────────┐
│ t1 │
│ timestamp with time zone │
├──────────────────────────┤
│ 2009-03-08 07:30:00-05 │
└──────────────────────────┘
# Display result in the original format:
D SELECT strftime(strptime('March 7 2009 7:30pm EST', '%B %d %Y %I:%M%p %Z') + INTERVAL 12 HOUR,
'%B %d %Y %I:%M%p %Z') as t1;
┌───────────────────────────┐
│ t1 │
│ varchar │
├───────────────────────────┤
│ March 08 2009 07:30AM EST │
└───────────────────────────┘
# Using DuckDB V1.1, one can write a tidier expression by using a DuckDB VARIABLE
# to store the format string:
D SET VARIABLE tz = '%B %d %Y %I:%M%p %Z';
D SELECT strftime(strptime('March 7 2009 7:30pm EST', getvariable('tz')) + INTERVAL 12 HOUR,
getvariable('tz')) as t1;
┌───────────────────────────┐
│ t1 │
│ varchar │
├───────────────────────────┤
│ March 08 2009 07:30AM EST │
└───────────────────────────┘
EchoLisp
(define my-date (string->date "March 7 2009 7:30 pm EST"))
→ Sun Mar 08 2009 01:30:00 GMT+0100 (CET)
(date-add! my-date (* 12 3600))
→ Sun Mar 08 2009 13:30:00 GMT+0100 (CET)
(string->date my-date)
(date->string my-date)
→ "8/3/2009 13:30:00" ;; human localized, Paris time.
Emacs Lisp
(defun fix-time-string (calendar-string)
"If CALENDAR-STRING has no space between time and am/a.m./pm/p.m., add a space.
Return string with space between time and am/a.m./pm/p.m."
(replace-regexp-in-string "\\([[:digit:]]\\)\\([ap]\\)" "\\1 \\2" calendar-string))
(defun is-pm (calendar-string)
"Test if CALENDAR-STRING has PM/pm/P.M/p.m in it."
(string-match-p "[Pp][.]?[Mm]" calendar-string))
(defun is-hour-1-to-11 (a-calendar-list)
"Test if hour in A-CALENDAR-LIST is between 1 and 11."
(let ((hour-value))
(setq hour-value (nth 2 a-calendar-list))
(and (>= hour-value 1) (<= hour-value 11))))
(defun adjust-if-pm (time-as-string)
"If TIME-AS-STRING includes pm/PM, and hour is 1 to 11, add 12 hours.
Return CALENDAR-LIST modified if date is pm and hour is 1-11; otherwise
return CALENDAR-LIST of original TIME-AS-STRING."
(let ((calendar-list))
(setq calendar-list (parse-time-string time-as-string))
(if (and (is-pm time-as-string) (is-hour-1-to-11 calendar-list))
(decoded-time-add calendar-list (make-decoded-time :hour 12))
calendar-list)))
(defun add-hours (calendar-list number-of-hours)
"Add NUMBER-OF-HOURS to CALENDAR-LIST."
(decoded-time-add calendar-list (make-decoded-time :hour number-of-hours)))
(defun calc-future-time (string-calendar-date number-of-hours-in-future)
"Calculate future time by adding NUMBER-OF-HOURS-IN-FUTURE to STRING-CALENDAR-DATE ."
(let ((fixed-calendar-string)
(24-hour-calendar-list)
(calendar-list-future-time)
(coded-future-time))
(setq fixed-calendar-string (fix-time-string string-calendar-date))
(setq 24-hour-calendar-list (adjust-if-pm fixed-calendar-string))
(setq calendar-list-future-time (add-hours 24-hour-calendar-list number-of-hours-in-future))
(setq coded-future-time (encode-time calendar-list-future-time))
(format-time-string "%B %e %Y %R %p %Z" coded-future-time)))
- Output:
(calc-future-time "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST" 12)
"March 8 2009 08:30 AM EDT"
And a second solution, which modifies the ELisp timestamp to calculate 12 hours in the future
(defun fix-time-string (calendar-string)
"If CALENDAR-STRING has no space between time and a.m./p.m., add a space."
(replace-regexp-in-string "\\([[:digit:]]\\)\\([ap]\\)" "\\1 \\2" calendar-string))
(defun is-pm (calendar-string)
"Test if CALENDAR-STRING has PM/pm in it."
(string-match-p "[Pp][Mm]" time-as-string))
(defun is-hour-1-to-11 (a-calendar-list)
"Test if hour in A-CALENDAR-LIST is between 1 and 11."
(let ((hour-value))
(setq hour-value (nth 2 a-calendar-list))
(and (>= hour-value 1) (<= hour-value 11))))
(defun adjust-if-pm (time-as-string)
"If TIME-AS-STRING includes pm/PM, and hour is 1 to 11, add 12 hours.
Return time as integer of seconds past the epoch."
(let ((calendar-list)
(temp-time-stamp)
(time-stamp-as-integer))
(setq calendar-list (parse-time-string time-as-string))
(setq temp-time-stamp (encode-time calendar-list))
(setq time-stamp-as-integer (time-convert temp-time-stamp 'integer))
(if (and (is-pm time-as-string) (is-hour-1-to-11 calendar-list))
(+ time-stamp-as-integer (* 12 60 60)) ; return time + 12 hours, so that hour is 13-23
time-stamp-as-integer))) ; return time unchanged, leaving hour 0-12
(defun add-seconds (start-time-stamp-integer number-of-seconds)
"Add NUMBER-OF-HOURS to START-TIME-STAMP-INTEGER."
(+ start-time-stamp-integer number-of-seconds))
(defun calc-future-time (string-calendar-date number-of-seconds-in-future)
"Calculate future time by adding NUMBER-OF-SECONDS-IN-FUTURE to STRING-CALENDAR-DATE ."
(let ((fixed-calendar-string)
(time-stamp-as-integer)
(coded-current-time)
(future-time-as-integer))
(setq fixed-calendar-string (fix-time-string string-calendar-date))
(setq time-stamp-as-integer (adjust-if-pm fixed-calendar-string))
(setq future-time-as-integer (add-seconds time-stamp-as-integer number-of-seconds-in-future))
(format-time-string "%B %e %Y %R %p %Z" future-time-as-integer)))
- Output:
(calc-future-time "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST" (* 12 60 60))
"March 8 2009 08:30 AM EDT"
Erlang
It is human readable to me.
-module( date_manipulation ).
-export( [task/0] ).
task() ->
{Date_time, TZ} = date_time_tz_from_string( "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST" ),
Seconds1 = calendar:datetime_to_gregorian_seconds( Date_time ),
Seconds2 = calendar:datetime_to_gregorian_seconds( {calendar:gregorian_days_to_date(0), {12, 0, 0}} ),
Date_time_later = calendar:gregorian_seconds_to_datetime( Seconds1 + Seconds2 ),
{Date_time_later, TZ}.
date_time_tz_from_string( String ) ->
[Month, Date, Year, Time, TZ] = string:tokens( String, " " ),
[Hour, Minute] = string:tokens( Time, ":" ),
{{date_from_strings(Year, Month, Date), time_from_strings(Hour, Minute)}, TZ}.
date_from_strings( Year, Month, Date ) ->
{erlang:list_to_integer(Year), date_from_strings_month(Month), erlang:list_to_integer(Date)}.
date_from_strings_month( "January" ) -> 1;
date_from_strings_month( "February" ) -> 2;
date_from_strings_month( "March" ) -> 3;
date_from_strings_month( "April" ) -> 4;
date_from_strings_month( "May" ) -> 5;
date_from_strings_month( "June" ) -> 6;
date_from_strings_month( "July" ) -> 7;
date_from_strings_month( "August" ) -> 8;
date_from_strings_month( "September" ) -> 9;
date_from_strings_month( "October" ) -> 10;
date_from_strings_month( "November" ) -> 11;
date_from_strings_month( "December" ) -> 12.
time_from_strings( Hour, Minute_12hours ) ->
{ok, [Minute], AM_PM} = io_lib:fread("~d", Minute_12hours ),
{time_from_strings_hour( Hour, string:to_lower(AM_PM) ), Minute, 0}.
time_from_strings_hour( Hour, "am" ) -> erlang:list_to_integer( Hour );
time_from_strings_hour( Hour, "pm" ) -> erlang:list_to_integer( Hour ) + 12.
- Output:
24> date_manipulation:task().
{{{2009,3,8},{7,30,0}},"EST"}
Euphoria
--Date Manipulation task from Rosetta Code wiki
--User:Lnettnay
include std/datetime.e
datetime dt
dt = new(2009, 3, 7, 19, 30)
dt = add(dt, 12, HOURS)
printf(1, "%s EST\n", {format(dt, "%B %d %Y %I:%M %p")})- Output:
March 08 2009 07:30 AM EST
F#
The .NET framework does not support parsing of time zone identifiers like "EST". We have to use time zone offsets like "-5".
open System
let main() =
let est = TimeZoneInfo.FindSystemTimeZoneById("Eastern Standard Time")
let date = DateTime.Parse("March 7 2009 7:30pm -5" )
let date_est = TimeZoneInfo.ConvertTime( date, est)
let date2 = date.AddHours(12.0)
let date2_est = TimeZoneInfo.ConvertTime( date2, est)
Console.WriteLine( "Original date in local time : {0}", date )
Console.WriteLine( "Original date in EST : {0}", date_est )
Console.WriteLine( "12 hours later in local time: {0}", date2 )
Console.WriteLine( "12 hours later in EST : {0}", date2_est )
main()
- Output:
(depends on locale settings)
Original date in local time : 08.03.2009 01:30:00 Original date in EST : 07.03.2009 19:30:00 12 hours later in local time: 08.03.2009 13:30:00 12 hours later in EST : 08.03.2009 07:30:00
Factor
USING: calendar calendar.english calendar.format calendar.parser
combinators io kernel math math.parser sequences splitting
unicode ;
IN: rosetta-code.date-manipulation
! e.g. "7:30pm" -> 19 30
: parse-hm ( str -- hours minutes )
":" split first2 [ digit? ] partition
[ [ string>number ] bi@ ] dip "pm" = [ [ 12 + ] dip ] when ;
! Parse a date in the format "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
: parse-date ( str -- timestamp )
" " split {
[ first month-names index 1 + ]
[ second string>number ]
[ third string>number -rot ]
[ fourth parse-hm 0 ]
[ last parse-rfc822-gmt-offset ]
} cleave <timestamp> ;
"March 7 2009 7:30pm EST" parse-date dup 12 hours time+
[ timestamp>rfc822 print ] bi@
- Output:
Sat, 7 Mar 2009 19:30:00 -0500 Sun, 8 Mar 2009 07:30:00 -0500
Fantom
In the expression "d + 12hr", the "12hr" defines an instance of the Duration class, interpreting the duration in nanoseconds.
fansh> d := DateTime.fromLocale("March 7 2009 7:30pm EST", "MMMM D YYYY h:mmaa zzz")
fansh> d
2009-03-07T19:30:00-05:00 EST
fansh> d + 12hr
2009-03-08T07:30:00-05:00 EST
fansh> (d+12hr).toTimeZone(TimeZone("London")) // the extra credit!
2009-03-08T12:30:00Z LondonFreeBASIC
' FB 1.05.0 Win64
#include "vbcompat.bi"
Sub split (s As String, sepList As String, result() As String, removeEmpty As Boolean = False)
If s = "" OrElse sepList = "" Then
Redim result(0)
result(0) = s
Return
End If
Dim As Integer i, j, count = 0, empty = 0, length
Dim As Integer position(Len(s) + 1)
position(0) = 0
For i = 0 To len(s) - 1
For j = 0 to Len(sepList) - 1
If s[i] = sepList[j] Then
count += 1
position(count) = i + 1
End If
Next j
Next i
Redim result(count)
If count = 0 Then
result(0) = s
Return
End If
position(count + 1) = len(s) + 1
For i = 1 To count + 1
length = position(i) - position(i - 1) - 1
result(i - 1 - empty) = Mid(s, position(i - 1) + 1, length)
If removeEmpty Andalso CBool(length = 0) Then empty += 1
Next
If empty > 0 Then Redim Preserve result(count - empty)
End Sub
Function parseDate(dt As String, zone As String) As Double
Dim result() As String
split dt, " ", result(), True
Dim As Long m, d, y, h, mn
Dim am As Boolean
Dim index As Integer
Select Case Lcase(result(0))
Case "january" : m = 1
Case "february" : m = 2
Case "march" : m = 3
Case "april" : m = 4
Case "may" : m = 5
Case "june" : m = 6
Case "july" : m = 7
Case "august" : m = 8
Case "september" : m = 9
Case "october" : m = 10
Case "november" : m = 11
Case "december" : m = 12
End Select
d = ValInt(result(1))
y = ValInt(result(2))
result(3) = LCase(result(3))
am = (Right(result(3), 2) = "am")
index = Instr(result(3), ":")
h = ValInt(Left(result(3), index - 1))
If Not am Then
h = h + 12
If h = 24 Then h = 12
End If
mn = ValInt(Mid(result(3), index + 1, 2))
zone = result(4)
Return DateSerial(y, m, d) + TimeSerial(h, mn, 0)
End Function
Dim zone As String
Dim ds As Double = parseDate("March 7 2009 7:30pm EST", zone)
Print "Original Date/Time : "; Format(ds, "mmmm d yyyy h:nnam/pm ") + " " + zone
ds = DateAdd("h", 12, ds)
Print "12 hours later : "; Format(ds, "mmmm d yyyy h:nnam/pm ") + " " + zone
' add 5 hours to convert EST to UTC
ds = DateAdd("h", 5, ds)
Print "Equiv to Date/Time : "; Format(ds, "mmmm d yyyy h:nnam/pm ") + " UTC"
Print
Print "Press any key to quit"
Sleep
- Output:
Original Date/Time : March 7 2009 7:30pm EST 12 hours later : March 8 2009 7:30am EST Equiv to Date/Time : March 8 2009 12:30pm UTC
Frink
Frink parses a large number of date/time formats, has robust date/time math, and automatically converts between timezones. By default, output times are in the user's defined timezone.
### MMM dd yyyy h:mma ###
d = parseDate["March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"]
println[d + 12 hours -> Eastern]
println[d + 12 hours -> Switzerland] // Extra credit- Output:
AD 2009-03-08 AM 08:30:00.000 (Sun) Eastern Daylight Time AD 2009-03-08 PM 01:30:00.000 (Sun) Central European Time
FunL
import time.{TimeZone, Date, SimpleDateFormat, Hour}
pattern = SimpleDateFormat( 'MMMM d yyyy h:mma zzz' )
date = pattern.parse( 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST' )
later = Date( date.getTime() + 12 Hour )
println( pattern.format(later) ) // Eastern Daylight Time
pattern.setTimeZone( TimeZone.getTimeZone('America/Los_Angeles') )
println( pattern.format(later) ) // U.S. Pacific Time- Output:
March 8 2009 8:30AM EDT March 8 2009 5:30AM PDT
Fōrmulæ
Fōrmulæ programs are not textual, visualization/edition of programs is done showing/manipulating structures but not text. Moreover, there can be multiple visual representations of the same program. Even though it is possible to have textual representation —i.e. XML, JSON— they are intended for storage and transfer purposes more than visualization and edition.
Programs in Fōrmulæ are created/edited online in its website.
In this page you can see and run the program(s) related to this task and their results. You can also change either the programs or the parameters they are called with, for experimentation, but remember that these programs were created with the main purpose of showing a clear solution of the task, and they generally lack any kind of validation.
Solution
Creating the initial time. Fōrmulæ can create a time in any time zone, however, it always displays them in the current timezone. In order to cause no confusion, in this example the current time zone has been set as America/New_York, which is EST.
Adding 12 hours. It is achieved adding to the time expression the desired number of milliseconds.
This is not a bug, the daylight saving time (in the America/New_York time zone), for 2009 started March 8 at 2:00 hrs, at which time clock is adjusted 1 hour later. It occurred between the 12 hour addition of our example. See this page.
Note the ☀ symbol, indicating that the time is in daylight saving time (at the current time zone).
Showing results for other time zones. As it was said before, a time is always shown in current time zone, but a time can be formatted to different time zones.
If no time zone is specified, current time zone is used:
Let us use a different time zone:
Beside the time zone, a different locale can also be specified, in order to format the result in such that locale:
The components of a time expression can be obtained individually, even for a specific time zone:
FutureBasic
void local fn DoIt
CFStringRef monthString, zoneString, ampmString
long month, day, year, hour, minute
CFStringRef dateString = @"March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
DateFormatterRef df = fn DateFormatterInit
DateFormatterSetDateStyle( df, NSDateFormatterMediumStyle )
DateFormatterSetTimeStyle( df, NSDateFormatterMediumStyle )
DateFormatterSetDateFormat( df, @"MMMM d YYYY h:ma" )
CFArrayRef months = fn DateFormatterMonthSymbols( df )
CFCharacterSetRef spaceSet = fn CharacterSetWhitespaceSet
ScannerRef scanner = fn ScannerWithString( dateString )
ScannerSetCharactersToBeSkipped( scanner, fn CharacterSetWithCharactersInString(@": ") )
fn ScannerScanUpToCharactersFromSet( scanner, spaceSet, @monthString )
fn ScannerScanInteger( scanner, @day )
fn ScannerScanInteger( scanner, @year )
fn ScannerScanInteger( scanner, @hour )
fn ScannerScanInteger( scanner, @minute )
fn ScannerScanUpToCharactersFromSet( scanner, spaceSet, @ampmString )
fn ScannerScanUpToCharactersFromSet( scanner, spaceSet, @zoneString )
month = fn ArrayIndexOfObject( months, monthString ) + 1
if ( fn StringIsEqual( ampmString, @"pm" ) ) then hour += 12
DateComponentsRef comps = fn DateComponentsInit
DateComponentsSetMonth( comps, month )
DateComponentsSetDay( comps, day )
DateComponentsSetYear( comps, year )
DateComponentsSetHour( comps, hour + 12 )
DateComponentsSetMinute( comps, minute )
CFDateRef dt = fn CalendarDateFromComponents( fn CalendarCurrent, comps )
CFStringRef string = fn DateFormatterStringFromDate( df, dt )
string = fn StringByAppendingFormat( string, @" %@", zoneString )
print string
end fn
fn DoIt
HandleEvents- Output:
March 8 2009 7:30am EST
Go
package main
import (
"fmt"
"time"
)
const taskDate = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
const taskFormat = "January 2 2006 3:04pm MST"
func main() {
if etz, err := time.LoadLocation("US/Eastern"); err == nil {
time.Local = etz
}
fmt.Println("Input: ", taskDate)
t, err := time.Parse(taskFormat, taskDate)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
return
}
t = t.Add(12 * time.Hour)
fmt.Println("+12 hrs: ", t)
if _, offset := t.Zone(); offset == 0 {
fmt.Println("No time zone info.")
return
}
atz, err := time.LoadLocation("US/Arizona")
if err == nil {
fmt.Println("+12 hrs in Arizona:", t.In(atz))
}
}
- Output:
Input: March 7 2009 7:30pm EST +12 hrs: 2009-03-08 08:30:00 -0400 EDT +12 hrs in Arizona: 2009-03-08 05:30:00 -0700 MST
Groovy
Solution:
import org.joda.time.*
import java.text.*
def dateString = 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST'
def sdf = new SimpleDateFormat('MMMM d yyyy h:mma zzz')
DateTime dt = new DateTime(sdf.parse(dateString))
println (dt)
println (dt.plusHours(12))
println (dt.plusHours(12).withZone(DateTimeZone.UTC))
- Output:
2009-03-07T18:30:00.000-06:00 2009-03-08T07:30:00.000-05:00 2009-03-08T12:30:00.000Z
Haskell
import qualified Data.Time.Clock.POSIX as P
import qualified Data.Time.Format as F
-- UTC from EST
main :: IO ()
main = print t2
where
t1 =
F.parseTimeOrError
True
F.defaultTimeLocale
"%B %e %Y %l:%M%P %Z"
"March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
t2 = P.posixSecondsToUTCTime $ 12 * 60 * 60 + P.utcTimeToPOSIXSeconds t1
- Output:
2009-03-08 12:30:00 UTC
HicEst
CHARACTER date="March 7 2009 7:30pm EST", am_pm, result*20
EDIT(Text=date, Parse=cMonth, GetPosition=next)
month = 1 + EDIT(Text='January,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December', Right=cMonth, Count=',' )
READ(Text=date(next:)) day, year, hour, minute, am_pm
hour = hour + 12*(am_pm == 'p')
TIME(MOnth=month, Day=day, Year=year, Hour=hour, MInute=minute, TO, Excel=xls_day)
WRITE(Text=result, Format="UWWW CCYY-MM-DD HH:mm") xls_day + 0.5
! result = "Sun 2009-03-08 07:30"
ENDIcon and Unicon
This uses the datetime procedures from the Icon Programming Library. Several supplemental procedures were needed to normalize the date format (as the one used in the task isn't fully compatible with the library), and to better handle time zones (as the library routines don't handle part hour time zones).
datetime provides SecToDateLine, and DateLineToSec these convert between Icon's &dateline format and seconds from a configurable base date (which defaults to the normal 1970 epoch).
- Output:
input = March 7 2009 7:30pm EST
+12 hours = Sunday, March 8, 2009 7:30 am EST
= Sunday, March 8, 2009 12:30 pm UTC
= Sunday, March 8, 2009 9:00 am NST
J
A natural mechanism for representing dates in J is what J's documentation refers to as a "timestamp" -- a list of six numbers in ISO 8601 order (year, month, date, hour, minute, second). An alternate representation uses a single number specifying the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1800.
With that in mind:
require'dates'
months=: <;._2 tolower 0 :0
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
)
numbers=: _".' '"_`(1 I.@:-e.&(":i.10)@])`]}~
words=: [:;:@tolower' '"_`(I.@(tolower = toupper)@])`]}~
getyear=: >./@numbers
getmonth=: 1 + months <./@i. words
getday=: {.@(numbers -. getyear)
gethour=: (2 { numbers) + 12 * (<'pm') e. words
getminsec=: 2 {. 3}. numbers
getts=: getyear, getmonth, getday, gethour, getminsec
timeadd=: 1&tsrep@+&tsrep
deltaT=: (1 tsrep 0)&([ + -@#@[ {. ])
This parser assumes that numeric date information appears to the left of time information, that month name is spelled out in full and that time zone may be ignored. (Alternate date representations are straightforward to implement but turn this into a somewhat open-ended problem).
Note that J's tsrep library routine converts from timestamp to milliseconds and 1 tsrep coverts from milliseconds to timestamp.
Example use:
(deltaT 12 0 0) timeadd getts 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST'
2009 3 8 7 30 0
timestamp (deltaT 12 0 0) timeadd getts 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST'
08 Mar 2009 07:30:00
isotimestamp (deltaT 12 0 0) timeadd getts 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST'
2009-03-08 07:30:00.000
Note that the isotimestamp representation uses a space instead of a 'T' to separate date and time.
Java
import java.time.*;
import java.time.format.*;
class Main {
public static void main(String args[]) {
String dateStr = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST";
DateTimeFormatter df = new DateTimeFormatterBuilder()
.parseCaseInsensitive()
.appendPattern("MMMM d yyyy h:mma zzz")
.toFormatter();
ZonedDateTime after12Hours = ZonedDateTime.parse(dateStr, df).plusHours(12);
System.out.println("Date: " + dateStr);
System.out.println("+12h: " + after12Hours.format(df));
ZonedDateTime after12HoursInCentralEuropeTime = after12Hours.withZoneSameInstant(ZoneId.of("CET"));
System.out.println("+12h (in Central Europe): " + after12HoursInCentralEuropeTime.format(df));
}
}
- Output:
Date: March 7 2009 7:30pm EST +12h: March 8 2009 8:30AM EDT +12h (in Central Europe): March 8 2009 1:30PM CET
JavaScript
Input: March 7 2009 7:30pm EST
The input string is ambiguous since EST might represent any one of 3 different world time zones. Will assume US Eastern Standard Time of UTC -5 hours.
Javascript date objects are always in the local time zone. If a date and time is provided in a different time zone, it must be dealt with manually as the date object's time zone offset is read only. Consequently, there may be issues if daylight saving is observed in one location but not the other.
While ECMA-262 Ed 5 specifies a Date.parse method, it is not widely supported (2011) and parsing of strings other than the format specified are implementation dependent. Since the test string doesn't conform to the standard, it must be manually parsed.
function add12hours(dateString) {
// Get the parts of the date string
var parts = dateString.split(/\s+/),
date = parts[1],
month = parts[0],
year = parts[2],
time = parts[3];
var hr = Number(time.split(':')[0]),
min = Number(time.split(':')[1].replace(/\D/g,'')),
ampm = time && time.match(/[a-z]+$/i)[0],
zone = parts[4].toUpperCase();
var months = ['January','February','March','April','May','June',
'July','August','September','October','November','December'];
var zones = {'EST': 300, 'AEST': -600}; // Minutes to add to zone time to get UTC
// Convert month name to number, zero indexed. Return if invalid month
month = months.indexOf(month);
if (month === -1) { return; }
// Add 12 hours as specified. Add another 12 if pm for 24hr time
hr += (ampm.toLowerCase() === 'pm') ? 24 : 12
// Create a date object in local zone
var localTime = new Date(year, month, date);
localTime.setHours(hr, min, 0, 0);
// Adjust localTime minutes for the time zones so it is now a local date
// representing the same moment as the source date plus 12 hours
localTime.setMinutes(localTime.getMinutes() + zones[zone] - localTime.getTimezoneOffset() );
return localTime;
}
var inputDateString = 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST';
console.log(
'Input: ' + inputDateString + '\n' +
'+12hrs in local time: ' + add12hours(inputDateString)
);
jq
"March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
| strptime("%B %d %Y %I:%M%p %Z")
| .[3] += 12
| mktime | strftime("%B %d %Y %I:%M%p %Z")- Output:
"March 08 2009 07:30AM EST"
Julia
without TimeZones library
using Dates
function main()
dtstr = "March 7 2009 7:30pm" # Base.Dates doesn't handle "EST"
cleandtstr = replace(dtstr, r"(am|pm)"i, "")
dtformat = dateformat"U dd yyyy HH:MM"
dtime = parse(DateTime, cleandtstr, dtformat) +
Hour(12 * contains(dtstr, r"pm"i)) # add 12h for the pm
println(Dates.format(dtime + Hour(12), dtformat))
end
main()
- Output:
March 08 2009 07:30
With TimeZones.jl
using Dates, TimeZones
function testdateparse()
tzabbrev = Dict("EST" => "+0500", "CST" => "+0600", "MST" => "+0700", "PST" => "+0800")
dtstr = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
for (k, v) in tzabbrev
dtstr = replace(dtstr, k => v)
end
dtformat = dateformat"U dd yyyy HH:MMp zzzzz"
dtime = TimeZones.parse(ZonedDateTime, dtstr, dtformat)
println(Dates.format(dtime, dtformat))
end
testdateparse()
- Output:
March 07 2009 07:30AM +05:00
Kotlin
// version 1.0.6
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat
import java.util.*
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
val dts = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
val sdf = SimpleDateFormat("MMMM d yyyy h:mma z")
val dt = sdf.parse(dts)
val cal = GregorianCalendar(TimeZone.getTimeZone("EST")) // stay with EST
cal.time = dt
cal.add(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 12) // add 12 hours
val fmt = "%tB %1\$td %1\$tY %1\$tl:%1\$tM%1\$tp %1\$tZ"
println(fmt.format(cal)) // display new time
// display time now in Mountain Standard Time which is 2 hours earlier than EST
cal.timeZone = TimeZone.getTimeZone("MST")
println(fmt.format(cal))
}
- Output:
March 08 2009 7:30am EST March 08 2009 5:30am MST
langur
val input = "March 7 2009 7:30pm -05:00"
val iformat = "January 2 2006 3:04pm -07:00"
val oformat = "January 2 2006 3:04pm MST"
val d1 = datetime(input, iformat)
val d2 = d1 + dr/T12h/
val d3 = datetime(d2, "US/Arizona")
val d4 = datetime(d2, zls)
val d5 = datetime(d2, "Z")
val d6 = datetime(d2, "+02:30")
val d7 = datetime(d2, "EST")
writeln "input string: ", input
writeln "input format string: ", iformat
writeln "output format string: ", oformat
writeln()
writeln "original: {{d1}} ({{d1:dt oformat}})"
writeln "+12 hours: {{d2}} ({{d2:dt oformat}})"
writeln "in Arizona: {{d3}} ({{d3:dt oformat}})"
writeln "in local time zone: {{d4}} ({{d4:dt oformat}})"
writeln "in UTC: {{d5}} ({{d5:dt oformat}})"
writeln "+02:30 time zone: {{d6}} ({{d6:dt oformat}})"
writeln "in EST: {{d7}} ({{d7:dt oformat}})"- Output:
input string: March 7 2009 7:30pm -05:00 input format string: January 2 2006 3:04pm -07:00 output format string: January 2 2006 3:04pm MST original: 2009-03-07T19:30:00-05:00 (March 7 2009 7:30pm -0500) +12 hours: 2009-03-08T07:30:00-05:00 (March 8 2009 7:30am -0500) in Arizona: 2009-03-08T05:30:00-07:00 (March 8 2009 5:30am MST) in local time zone: 2009-03-08T07:30:00-05:00 (March 8 2009 7:30am CDT) in UTC: 2009-03-08T12:30:00Z (March 8 2009 12:30pm UTC) +02:30 time zone: 2009-03-08T15:00:00+02:30 (March 8 2009 3:00pm +0230) in EST: 2009-03-08T07:30:00-05:00 (March 8 2009 7:30am EST)
Lasso
local(date) = date('March 7 2009 7:30PM EST',-format='MMMM d yyyy h:mma z')
#date->add(-hour = 24)
#date->timezone = 'GMT'
- Output:
March 9 2009 12:30AM GMT
Lingo
----------------------------------------
-- Returns string representation of given date object in YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ii format
-- @param {date} dateObj
-- @returns {string}
----------------------------------------
on dateToDateTimeString (dateObj)
str = ""
s = string(dateObj.year)
if s.length<4 then put "0000".char[1..4-s.length] before s
put s after str
s = string(dateObj.month)
if s.length<2 then s = "0"&s
put s after str
s = string(dateObj.day)
if s.length<2 then put "0" before s
put s after str
sec = dateObj.seconds
s = string(sec / 3600)
sec = sec mod 3600
if s.length<2 then put "0" before s
put s after str
s = string(sec / 60)
sec = sec mod 60
if s.length<2 then put "0" before s
put s after str
s = string(sec)
if s.length<2 then put "0" before s
put s after str
put ":" after char 12 of str
put ":" after char 10 of str
put " " after char 8 of str
put "-" after char 6 of str
put "-" after char 4 of str
return str
enddateStr = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
-- parse string
month = (offset(dateStr.word[1].char[1..3], "JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec")-1)/3 + 1
day = integer(dateStr.word[2])
year = integer(dateStr.word[3])
t = dateStr.word[4]
if t.char[t.length-1..t.length]="pm" then dh = 12
else dh = 0
t = t.char[1..t.length-2]
_player.itemDelimiter = ":"
hour = integer(t.item[1])+dh
minute = integer(t.item[2])
tz = dateStr.word[5] -- unused
-- original date as date object
dateObj = date(year,month,day)
dateObj.seconds = hour*3600 + minute*60
-- add 12 hours
sec = dateObj.seconds + 12*3600
newDateObj = dateObj + sec / 86400
newDateObj.seconds = sec mod 86400
-- show as YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ii string
put dateToDateTimeString(newDateObj)
-- "2009-03-08 07:30:00"Lua
The following solution is quite ugly, but unfortunately there is not anything like 'strptime'-function in Lua.
str = string.lower( "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST" )
month = string.match( str, "%a+" )
if month == "january" then month = 1
elseif month == "february" then month = 2
elseif month == "march" then month = 3
elseif month == "april" then month = 4
elseif month == "may" then month = 5
elseif month == "june" then month = 6
elseif month == "july" then month = 7
elseif month == "august" then month = 8
elseif month == "september" then month = 9
elseif month == "october" then month = 10
elseif month == "november" then month = 11
elseif month == "december" then month = 12
end
strproc = string.gmatch( str, "%d+" )
day = strproc()
year = strproc()
hour = strproc()
min = strproc()
if string.find( str, "pm" ) then hour = hour + 12 end
print( os.date( "%c", os.time{ year=year, month=month, day=day, hour=hour, min=min, sec=0 } + 12 * 3600 ) )
- Output:
Sun Mar 8 07:30:00 2009
Maple
twelve_hours := proc(str)
local dt, zone;
local months := ["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"];
dt := StringTools:-ParseTime("%B %d %Y %l:%M%p", str);
zone := StringTools:-RegSplit(" ", str)[-1];
dt := Date(dt:-year, dt:-month, dt:-monthDay, dt:-hour, dt:-minute, timezone = zone);
dt := dt + 12 * Unit(hours);
printf("%s %d %d ", months[Month(dt)], DayOfMonth(dt), Year(dt));
if (HourOfDay(dt) >= 12) then
printf("%d:%dpm ", HourOfDay(dt)-12, Minute(dt));
else
printf("%d:%dam ", HourOfDay(dt), Minute(dt));
end if;
printf(TimeZone(dt));
end proc;- Usage:
twelve_hours("March 7 2009 7:30pm EST");
twelve_hours("March 2 2009 0:10am WET");
twelve_hours("March 2 2009 6:30am AST");
- Output:
March 8 2009 7:30am EST March 2 2009 0:10pm WET March 2 2009 6:30pm AST
Mathematica / Wolfram Language
dstr = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST";
DateString[DatePlus[dstr, {12, "Hour"}], {"DayName", " ", "MonthName", " ", "Day", " ", "Year", " ", "Hour24", ":", "Minute", "AMPM"}]
MiniScript
import "dateTime"
import "stringUtil"
months = [
"January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June",
"July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December",
]
date = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
print "Original date/time : " + date
// change the date to standard format
items = date.split
month = months.indexOf(items[0]) + 1
day = items[1]
year = items[2]
time = items[3]
hour = time.split(":")[0].val
minute = time.split(":")[1][0:2]
pm = time.endsWith("pm")
if pm then hour = hour + 12
time = hour + ":" + minute
zone = items[4]
date = year + "-" + month + "-" + day + " " + time
// add 12 hours and display in original format
dval = dateTime.val(date) + 12*60*60
dfmt = "MMMM d yyyy h:mmtt"
date2 = dateTime.str(dval, dfmt) + " " + zone
print "12 hours later : " + date2
// change from EST to MST (2 hours earlier)
date3 = dateTime.str(dval - 2*60*60, dfmt) + " MST"
print "Adjusted to MST : " + date3
- Output:
Original date/time : March 7 2009 7:30pm EST 12 hours later : March 8 2009 7:30am EST Adjusted to MST : March 8 2009 5:30am MST
mIRC Scripting Language
echo -ag $asctime($calc($ctime(March 7 2009 7:30pm EST)+43200))NetRexx
/* NetRexx */
options replace format comments java crossref symbols binary
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat
import java.text.ParseException
runSample(arg)
return
-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
method manipulateDate(sampleDate, dateFmt, dHours = 0) private static
formatter = SimpleDateFormat(dateFmt)
msHours = dHours * 60 * 60 * 1000 -- hours in milliseconds
day = formatter.parse(sampleDate)
day.setTime(day.getTime() + msHours)
formatted = formatter.format(day)
return formatted
-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
method runSample(arg) private static
do
sampleDate = 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST'
dateFmt = "MMMM d yyyy h:mma z"
say sampleDate
say manipulateDate(sampleDate, dateFmt, 12)
catch ex = Exception
ex.printStackTrace()
end
return
- Output:
March 7 2009 7:30pm EST March 8 2009 8:30AM EDT
Nim
Timezones as “EST” are not recognized by the “times” module which follows ISO 8601 standard. So we replace it by a normalized timezone: -05:00. It would be easy to build a table to map these timezone identifiers to normalized timezones (being careful however regarding DST).
We output the dates built after parsing in UTC. The module allows also to output in local time.
import times
const Date = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
echo "Original date is: ", Date
var dt = Date.replace("EST", "-05:00").parse("MMMM d yyyy h:mmtt zzz")
echo "Original date in UTC is: ", dt.utc().format("MMMM d yyyy h:mmtt zzz")
dt = dt + initDuration(hours = 12)
echo "Date 12 hours later is: ", dt.utc().format("MMMM d yyyy h:mmtt zzz")
- Output:
Original date is: March 7 2009 7:30pm EST Original date in UTC is: March 8 2009 12:30AM Z Date 12 hours later is: March 8 2009 12:30PM Z
ooRexx
version 1
sampleDate = 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST'
Parse var sampleDate month day year time zone
basedate = .DateTime~fromNormalDate(day month~left(3) year)
basetime = .DateTime~fromCivilTime(time)
-- this will give us this in a merged format...now we can add in the
-- timezone informat
mergedTime = (basedate + basetime~timeofday)~isoDate
zone = .TimeZoneDataBase~getTimeZone(zone)
finalTime = .DateTime~fromIsoDate(mergedTime, zone~datetimeOffset)
say 'Original date:' finalTime~utcIsoDate
say 'Result after adding 12 hours:' finalTime~addHours(12)~utcIsoDate
say 'Result shifted to UTC:' finalTime~toTimeZone(0)~utcIsoDate
say 'Result shifted to Pacific Standard Time:' finalTime~toTimeZone(.TimeZoneDataBase~getTimeZone('PST')~datetimeOffset)~utcIsoDate
say 'Result shifted to NepalTime Time:' finalTime~toTimeZone(.TimeZoneDataBase~getTimeZone('NPT')~datetimeOffset)~utcIsoDate
-- a descriptor for timezone information
::class timezone
::method init
expose code name offset altname region
use strict arg code, name, offset, altname, region
code~upper
::attribute code GET
::attribute name GET
::attribute offset GET
::attribute altname GET
::attribute region GET
::attribute datetimeOffset GET
expose offset
return offset * 60
-- our database of timezones
::class timezonedatabase
-- initialize the class object. This occurs when the program is first loaded
::method init class
expose timezones
timezones = .directory~new
-- extract the timezone data which is conveniently stored in a method
data = self~instanceMethod('TIMEZONEDATA')~source
loop line over data
-- skip over the comment delimiters, blank lines, and the 'return'
-- lines that force the comments to be included in the source
if line = '/*' | line = '*/' | line = '' | line = 'return' then iterate
parse var line '{' region '}'
if region \= '' then do
zregion = region
iterate
end
else do
parse var line abbrev . '!' fullname '!' altname . '!' offset .
timezone = .timezone~new(abbrev, fullname, offset, altname, zregion)
timezones[timezone~code] = timezone
end
end
::method getTimezone class
expose timezones
use strict arg code
return timezones[code~upper]
-- this is a dummy method containing the timezone database data.
-- we'll access the source directly and extract the data held in comments
-- the two return statements force the comment lines to be included in the
-- source rather than processed as part of comments between directives
::method timeZoneData class private
return
/*
{Universal}
UTC ! Coordinated Universal Time ! ! 0
{Europe}
BST ! British Summer Time ! ! +1
CEST ! Central European Summer Time ! ! +2
CET ! Central European Time ! ! +1
EEST ! Eastern European Summer Time ! ! +3
EET ! Eastern European Time ! ! +2
GMT ! Greenwich Mean Time ! ! 0
IST ! Irish Standard Time ! ! +1
KUYT ! Kuybyshev Time ! ! +4
MSD ! Moscow Daylight Time ! ! +4
MSK ! Moscow Standard Time ! ! +3
SAMT ! Samara Time ! ! +4
WEST ! Western European Summer Time ! ! +1
WET ! Western European Time ! ! 0
{North America}
ADT ! Atlantic Daylight Time ! HAA ! -3
AKDT ! Alaska Daylight Time ! HAY ! -8
AKST ! Alaska Standard Time ! HNY ! -9
AST ! Atlantic Standard Time ! HNA ! -4
CDT ! Central Daylight Time ! HAC ! -5
CST ! Central Standard Time ! HNC ! -6
EDT ! Eastern Daylight Time ! HAE ! -4
EGST ! Eastern Greenland Summer Time ! ! 0
EGT ! East Greenland Time ! ! -1
EST ! Eastern Standard Time ! HNE,ET ! -5
HADT ! Hawaii-Aleutian Daylight Time ! ! -9
HAST ! Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time ! ! -10
MDT ! Mountain Daylight Time ! HAR ! -6
MST ! Mountain Standard Time ! HNR ! -7
NDT ! Newfoundland Daylight Time ! HAT ! -2.5
NST ! Newfoundland Standard Time ! HNT ! -3.5
PDT ! Pacific Daylight Time ! HAP ! -7
PMDT ! Pierre & Miquelon Daylight Time ! ! -2
PMST ! Pierre & Miquelon Standard Time ! ! -3
PST ! Pacific Standard Time ! HNP,PT ! -8
WGST ! Western Greenland Summer Time ! ! -2
WGT ! West Greenland Time ! ! -3
{India and Indian Ocean}
IST ! India Standard Time ! ! +5.5
PKT ! Pakistan Standard Time ! ! +5
BST ! Bangladesh Standard Time ! ! +6 -- Note: collision with British Summer Time
NPT ! Nepal Time ! ! +5.75
BTT ! Bhutan Time ! ! +6
BIOT ! British Indian Ocean Territory Time ! IOT ! +6
MVT ! Maldives Time ! ! +5
CCT ! Cocos Islands Time ! ! +6.5
TFT ! French Southern and Antarctic Time ! ! +5
*/
return
version 2
This example is written using the Open Object Rexx dialect to take advantage of the DateTime built–in class.
/* Rexx */
sampleDate = 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST'
Parse value sampleDate with tm td ty tt tz .
Parse value time('l', tt, 'c') with hh ':' mm ':' ss '.' us .
timezones. = ''
Call initTimezones
mn = monthNameToNumber(tm)
zuluOffset = getTZOffset(tz)
Drop !TZ !MSG
day.1.!TZ = zuluOffset
day.1.!MSG = 'Original date:'
day.1 = .DateTime~new(ty, mn, td, hh, mm, ss, us, day.1.!TZ * 60)
day.2.!TZ = zuluOffset
day.2.!MSG = 'Result after adding 12 hours to date:'
day.2 = day.1~addHours(12)
day.3.!TZ = getTZOffset('UTC') -- AKA GMT == Greenwich Mean Time
day.3.!MSG = 'Result shifted to "UTC (Zulu)" time zone:'
day.3 = day.1~toTimeZone(day.3.!TZ)
day.4.!TZ = getTZOffset('PST') -- Pacific Standard Time
day.4.!MSG = 'Result shifted to "Pacific Standard Time" time zone:'
day.4 = day.2~toTimeZone(day.4.!TZ * 60)
day.5.!TZ = getTZOffset('NPT') -- Nepal Time
day.5.!MSG = 'Result shifted to "Nepal Time" time zone:'
day.5 = day.2~toTimeZone(day.5.!TZ * 60)
day.0 = 5
Say 'Manipulate the date string "'sampleDate'" and present results in ISO 8601 timestamp format:'
Say
Loop d_ = 1 to day.0
Say day.d_.!MSG
Say day.d_~isoDate || getUTCOffset(day.d_.!TZ, 'z')
Say
End d_
Return 0
-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
isTrue: Procedure; Return (1 == 1)
-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
isFalse: Procedure; Return \isTrue()
-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
monthNameToNumber:
Procedure
Do
Parse arg tm .
mnamesList = 'January February March April May June July August September October November December'
Loop mn = 1 to mnamesList~words
mnx = mnamesList~word(mn)
If mnx~upper~abbrev(tm~upper, 3) then Do
Leave mn
End
End mn
Return mn
End
Exit
-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
getTZOffset:
Procedure expose timezones.
Do
Parse upper arg tz .
Drop !REGION !FULLNAME !OFFSET !ZNAMEALT
offset = 0
Loop z_ = 1 to timezones.0
If tz = timezones.z_ then Do
offset = timezones.z_.!OFFSET
Leave z_
End
End z_
Return offset;
End
Exit
-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
getUTCOffset:
Procedure expose timezones.
Do
Parse arg oh ., zulu .
oha = abs(oh)
If oha = 0 & 'ZULU'~abbrev(zulu~upper, 1) then Do
offset = 'Z'
End
else Do
If oh < 0 then ew = '-'
else ew = '+'
om = oha * 60
oom = om // 60 % 1
ooh = om % 60
offset = ew || ooh~right(2, 0) || oom~right(2, 0)
End
Return offset
End
Exit
-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
initTimezones:
Procedure expose timezones.
Do
-- Read time zone info from formatted comment block below
Drop !REGION !FULLNAME !OFFSET !ZNAMEALT
timezones.0 = 0
region = ''
!datBegin = '__DATA__'
!datEnd = '__ENDD__'
!reading = isFalse()
Loop l_ = 1 to sourceline()
Parse value sourceline(l_) with sl 0 hd +8 .
If !reading then Do
If hd = !datEnd then Do
!reading = isFalse()
Leave l_
End
else Do
Parse value sl with sl '--' .
If sl~strip~length = 0 then Iterate l_
Parse value sl with,
0 '{' zRegion '}',
0 zAbbrev . '!' zFullName '!' zAbbrevOther . '!' zUOffset .
If zRegion~length \= 0 then Do
region = zRegion
Iterate l_
End
else Do
z_ = timezones.0 + 1
timezones.0 = z_
timezones.z_ = zAbbrev~strip~upper
timezones.z_.!FULLNAME = zFullName~strip
timezones.z_.!OFFSET = zUOffset~format
timezones.z_.!ZNAMEALT = zAbbrevOther~strip~upper
timezones.z_.!REGION = region
End
End
End
else Do
If hd = !datBegin then Do
!reading = isTrue()
End
Iterate l_
End
End l_
Return timezones.0
End
Exit
/*
A "HERE" document, sort of...
Everything between the __DATA__ and __ENDD__ delimiters will be read into the timezones. stem:
__DATA__
{Universal}
UTC ! Coordinated Universal Time ! ! 0
{Europe}
BST ! British Summer Time ! ! +1
CEST ! Central European Summer Time ! ! +2
CET ! Central European Time ! ! +1
EEST ! Eastern European Summer Time ! ! +3
EET ! Eastern European Time ! ! +2
GMT ! Greenwich Mean Time ! ! 0
IST ! Irish Standard Time ! ! +1
KUYT ! Kuybyshev Time ! ! +4
MSD ! Moscow Daylight Time ! ! +4
MSK ! Moscow Standard Time ! ! +3
SAMT ! Samara Time ! ! +4
WEST ! Western European Summer Time ! ! +1
WET ! Western European Time ! ! 0
{North America}
ADT ! Atlantic Daylight Time ! HAA ! -3
AKDT ! Alaska Daylight Time ! HAY ! -8
AKST ! Alaska Standard Time ! HNY ! -9
AST ! Atlantic Standard Time ! HNA ! -4
CDT ! Central Daylight Time ! HAC ! -5
CST ! Central Standard Time ! HNC ! -6
EDT ! Eastern Daylight Time ! HAE ! -4
EGST ! Eastern Greenland Summer Time ! ! 0
EGT ! East Greenland Time ! ! -1
EST ! Eastern Standard Time ! HNE,ET ! -5
HADT ! Hawaii-Aleutian Daylight Time ! ! -9
HAST ! Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time ! ! -10
MDT ! Mountain Daylight Time ! HAR ! -6
MST ! Mountain Standard Time ! HNR ! -7
NDT ! Newfoundland Daylight Time ! HAT ! -2.5
NST ! Newfoundland Standard Time ! HNT ! -3.5
PDT ! Pacific Daylight Time ! HAP ! -7
PMDT ! Pierre & Miquelon Daylight Time ! ! -2
PMST ! Pierre & Miquelon Standard Time ! ! -3
PST ! Pacific Standard Time ! HNP,PT ! -8
WGST ! Western Greenland Summer Time ! ! -2
WGT ! West Greenland Time ! ! -3
{India and Indian Ocean}
IST ! India Standard Time ! ! +5.5
PKT ! Pakistan Standard Time ! ! +5
BST ! Bangladesh Standard Time ! ! +6 -- Note: collision with British Summer Time
NPT ! Nepal Time ! ! +5.75
BTT ! Bhutan Time ! ! +6
BIOT ! British Indian Ocean Territory Time ! IOT ! +6
MVT ! Maldives Time ! ! +5
CCT ! Cocos Islands Time ! ! +6.5
TFT ! French Southern and Antarctic Time ! ! +5
__ENDD__
*/
- Output:
Manipulate the date string "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST" and present results in ISO 8601 timestamp format: Original date: 2009-03-07T19:30:00.000000-0500 Result after adding 12 hours to date: 2009-03-08T07:30:00.000000-0500 Result shifted to "UTC (Zulu)" time zone: 2009-03-08T00:30:00.000000Z Result shifted to "Pacific Standard Time" time zone: 2009-03-08T04:30:00.000000-0800 Result shifted to "Nepal Time" time zone: 2009-03-08T18:15:00.000000+0545
Pascal
See Delphi
Perl
We use Mountain Daylight Time for output.
use DateTime;
use DateTime::Format::Strptime 'strptime';
use feature 'say';
my $input = 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST';
$input =~ s{EST}{America/New_York};
say strptime('%b %d %Y %I:%M%p %O', $input)
->add(hours => 12)
->set_time_zone('America/Edmonton')
->format_cldr('MMMM d yyyy h:mma zzz');
If we're given an ambiguous timezone like 'EST' for input, we can handle this by changing it to the unambiguous Olson timezone id. This ensures daylight savings is correctly handled (which is especially tricky here, since March 7/8 is the DST rollover, and times jump ahead skipping an hour)
- Output:
March 8 2009 6:30AM MDT
Phix
include builtins\timedate.e set_timedate_formats({"Mmmm d yyyy h:mmpm tz"}) timedate td = parse_date_string("March 7 2009 7:30pm EST") atom twelvehours = timedelta(hours:=12) td = adjust_timedate(td,twelvehours) ?format_timedate(td) td = change_timezone(td,"ACDT") -- extra credit ?format_timedate(td) td = adjust_timedate(td,timedelta(days:=31*4)) ?format_timedate(td)
- Output:
"March 8 2009 7:30am EST" "March 8 2009 11:00pm ACDT" "July 10 2009 10:00pm ACST"
PHP
<?php
$time = new DateTime('March 7 2009 7:30pm EST');
$time->modify('+12 hours');
echo $time->format('c');
?>
PicoLisp
(de timePlus12 (Str)
(use (@Mon @Day @Year @Time @Zone)
(and
(match
'(@Mon " " @Day " " @Year " " @Time " " @Zone)
(chop Str) )
(setq @Mon (index (pack @Mon) *MonFmt))
(setq @Day (format @Day))
(setq @Year (format @Year))
(setq @Time
(case (tail 2 @Time)
(("a" "m") ($tim (head -2 @Time)))
(("p" "m") (+ `(time 12 0) ($tim (head -2 @Time))))
(T ($tim @Time)) ) )
(let? Date (date @Year @Mon @Day)
(when (>= (inc '@Time `(time 12 0)) 86400)
(dec '@Time 86400)
(inc 'Date) )
(pack (dat$ Date "-") " " (tim$ @Time T) " " @Zone) ) ) ) )Pike
> (Calendar.dwim_time("March 7 2009 7:30pm EST")+Calendar.Hour()*12)->set_timezone("CET")->format_ext_time();
Result: "Saturday, 7 March 2009 12:30:00"
PL/I
/* The PL/I date functions handle dates and time in 49 */
/* different formats, but not that particular one. For any of the */
/* standard formats, the following date manipulation will add */
/* 12 hours to the current date/time. */
seconds = SECS(DATETIME());
seconds = seconds + 12*60*60;
put list (SECSTODATE(seconds));PowerShell
The .NET framework does not support parsing of time zone identifiers like "EST". We have to use time zone offsets like "-5".
$date = [DateTime]::Parse("March 7 2009 7:30pm -5" )
write-host $date
write-host $date.AddHours(12)
write-host [TimeZoneInfo]::ConvertTimeBySystemTimeZoneId($date.AddHours(12),"Vladivostok Standard Time")
- Output:
(depends on user regional settings)
domingo, 08 de marzo de 2009 1:30:00 domingo, 08 de marzo de 2009 13:30:00 domingo, 08 de marzo de 2009 23:30:00
PureBasic
EnableExplicit
Procedure.i ToPBDate(Date$, *zone.String)
Protected year, month, day, hour, minute
Protected month$, temp$, time$, pm$, zone$
month$ = StringField(date$, 1, " ")
day = Val(StringField(date$, 2, " "))
year = Val(StringField(date$, 3, " "))
time$ = StringField(date$, 4, " ")
zone$ = StringField(date$, 5, " ")
Select month$
Case "January" : month = 1
Case "February" : month = 2
Case "March" : month = 3
Case "April" : month = 4
Case "May" : month = 5
Case "June" : month = 6
Case "July" : month = 7
Case "August" : month = 8
Case "September" : month = 9
Case "October" : month = 10
Case "November" : month = 11
Case "December" : month = 12
EndSelect
hour = Val(StringField(time$, 1, ":"))
temp$ = StringField(time$, 2, ":")
minute = Val(Left(temp$, 2))
pm$ = Right(temp$, 2)
If pm$ = "am"
If hour = 12 : hour = 0 : EndIf
Else
If hour <> 12 : hour + 12 : EndIf
EndIf
*zone\s = zone$
ProcedureReturn Date(year, month, day, hour, minute, 0)
EndProcedure
Procedure.s FromPBDate(Date, zone$)
Protected year$ = Str(Year(Date))
Protected month = Month(Date)
Protected day$ = Str(Day(Date))
Protected hour = Hour(Date)
Protected minute = Minute(Date)
Protected month$, time$, pm$, result$
Select month
Case 1 : month$ = "January"
Case 2 : month$ = "February"
Case 3 : month$ = "March"
Case 4 : month$ = "April"
Case 5 : month$ = "May"
Case 6 : month$ = "June"
Case 7 : month$ = "July"
Case 8 : month$ = "August"
Case 9 : month$ = "September"
Case 10 : month$ = "October"
Case 11 : month$ = "November"
Case 12 : month$ = "December"
EndSelect
If hour > 12
hour - 12
pm$ = "pm"
ElseIf hour = 12
pm$ = "pm"
Else
If hour = 0 : hour = 12 : EndIf
pm$ = "am"
EndIf
time$ = Str(hour) + ":" + RSet(Str(minute), 2, "0") + pm$
result$ = month$ + " " + day$ + " " + year$ + " " + time$ + " " + zone$
ProcedureReturn result$
EndProcedure
Define date
Define date1$, date2$
Define zone.String
If OpenConsole()
date1$ = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
PrintN("Starting date/time : " + date1$)
date = ToPBDate(date1$, @zone)
date = AddDate(date, #PB_Date_Hour, 12); add 12 hours
date2$ = FromPBDate(date, zone\s)
PrintN("12 hours later : " + date2$)
date = AddDate(date, #PB_Date_Hour, 5); adjust to GMT
date2$ = FromPBDate(date, "GMT")
PrintN("Or in GMT timezone : " + date2$)
PrintN("")
PrintN("Press any key to close the console")
Repeat: Delay(10) : Until Inkey() <> ""
CloseConsole()
EndIf
- Output:
Starting date/time : March 7 2009 7:30pm EST 12 hours later : March 8 2009 7:30am EST Or in GMT timezone : March 8 2009 12:30pm GMT
Python
I don't do anything with timezone here, but it is possible.
import datetime
def mt():
datime1="March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
formatting = "%B %d %Y %I:%M%p "
datime2 = datime1[:-3] # format can't handle "EST" for some reason
tdelta = datetime.timedelta(hours=12) # twelve hours..
s3 = datetime.datetime.strptime(datime2, formatting)
datime2 = s3+tdelta
print datime2.strftime("%B %d %Y %I:%M%p %Z") + datime1[-3:]
mt()
R
time <- strptime("March 7 2009 7:30pm EST", "%B %d %Y %I:%M%p %Z") # "2009-03-07 19:30:00"
isotime <- ISOdatetime(1900 + time$year, time$mon, time$mday,
time$hour, time$min, time$sec, "EST") # "2009-02-07 19:30:00 EST"
twelvehourslater <- isotime + 12 * 60 * 60 # "2009-02-08 07:30:00 EST"
timeincentraleurope <- format(isotime, tz="CET", usetz=TRUE) #"2009-02-08 01:30:00 CET"
Racket
The solution below ignores the time zone.
#lang racket
(require srfi/19)
(define 12hours (make-time time-duration 0 (* 12 60 60)))
(define (string->time s)
(define t (date->time-utc (string->date s "~B~e~Y~H~M")))
(if (regexp-match "pm" s)
(add-duration t 12hours)
t))
(date->string
(time-utc->date
(add-duration
(string->time "March 7 2009 7:30pm est" )
12hours))
"~a ~d ~b ~Y ~H:~M")
- Output:
"Sun 08 Mar 2009 07:30"
Raku
(formerly Perl 6)
Raku comes with a built-in DateTime type to support most aspects of standard civic time calculation
that are not dependent on cultural idiosyncrasies.
Unfortunately, Raku does not yet have a date parsing module – mostly due to a reticence to inflict Western cultural imperialism on other cultures... or maybe just due to laziness. But that just gives us another opportunity to demonstrate the built-in grammar support.
my @month = <January February March April May June July August September October November December>;
my %month = flat (@month Z=> 1..12), (@month».substr(0,3) Z=> 1..12), 'Sept' => 9;
grammar US-DateTime {
rule TOP { <month> <day>','? <year>','? <time> <tz> }
token month {
(\w+)'.'? { make %month{$0} // die "Bad month name: $0" }
}
token day { (\d ** 1..2) { make +$0 } }
token year { (\d ** 1..4) { make +$0 } }
token time {
(\d ** 1..2) ':' (\d ** 2) \h* ( :i <[ap]> \.? m | '' )
{
my $h = $0 % 12;
my $m = $1;
$h += 12 if $2 and $2.substr(0,1).lc eq 'p';
make $h * 60 + $m;
}
}
token tz { # quick and dirty for this task
[
| EDT { make -4 }
| [ EST| CDT] { make -5 }
| [ CST| MDT] { make -6 }
| [ MST| PDT] { make -7 }
| [ PST|AKDT] { make -8 }
| [AKST|HADT] { make -9 }
| HAST
]
}
}
$/ = US-DateTime.parse('March 7 2009 7:30pm EST') or die "Can't parse date";
my $year = $<year>.ast;
my $month = $<month>.ast;
my $day = $<day>.ast;
my $hour = $<time>.ast div 60;
my $minute = $<time>.ast mod 60;
my $timezone = $<tz>.ast * 3600;
my $dt = DateTime.new(:$year, :$month, :$day, :$hour, :$minute, :$timezone).in-timezone(0);
$dt = $dt.later(hours => 12);
say "12 hours later, UTC: $dt";
say "12 hours later, PDT: $dt.in-timezone(-7 * 3600)";
- Output:
12 hours later, UTC: 2009-03-08T12:30:00Z 12 hours later, PDT: 2009-03-08T05:30:00-08:00
REBOL
REBOL [
Title: "Date Manipulation"
URL: http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Date_Manipulation
]
; Only North American zones here -- feel free to extend for your area.
zones: [
NST -3:30 NDT -2:30 AST -4:00 ADT -3:00 EST -5:00 EDT -4:00
CST -6:00 CDT -5:00 MST -7:00 MDT -6:00 PST -8:00 PDT -7:00 AKST -9:00
AKDT -8:00 HAST -10:00 HADT -9:00]
read-time: func [
text
/local m d y t z
][
parse load text [
set m word! (m: index? find system/locale/months to-string m)
set d integer! set y integer!
set t time! set tz word!]
to-date reduce [y m d t zones/:tz]
]
print 12:00 + read-time "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
- Output:
8-Mar-2009/7:30-5:00
Red
d: 07-Mar-2009/19:30 + 12:00
print d
8-Mar-2009/7:30:00
d/timezone: 1
print d
8-Mar-2009/8:30:00+01:00
REXX
This version only works with REXXes that support the date and time extended functions.
/*REXX program adds 12 hours to a given date and time, displaying the before and after.*/
aDate = 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST' /*the original or base date to be used.*/
parse var aDate mon dd yyyy hhmm tz . /*obtain the various parts and pieces. */
mins = time('M', hhmm, "C") /*get the number minutes past midnight.*/
mins = mins + (12*60) /*add twelve hours to the timestamp.*/
nMins = mins // 1440 /*compute number min into same/next day*/
days = mins % 1440 /*compute number of days added to dats.*/
aBdays = date('B', dd left(mon,3) yyyy) /*number of base days since REXX epoch.*/
nBdays = aBdays + days /*now, add the number of days added. */
nDate = date(,nBdays, 'B') /*calculate the new date (maybe). */
nTime = time('C', nMins, "M") /* " " " time " */
say aDate ' + 12 hours ───► ' ndate ntime tz /*display the new timestamp to console.*/
/*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */
output
March 7 2009 7:30pm EST + 12 hours ───► 8 Mar 2009 7:30am EST
Ring
# Project : Date manipulation
load "stdlib.ring"
dateorigin = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
monthname = "January February March April May June July August September October November December"
for i = 1 to 12
if dateorigin[1] = monthname[i]
monthnum = i
ok
next
thedate = str2list(substr(dateorigin, " ", nl))
t = thedate[4]
t1 = substr(t,"pm", "")
t2 = substr(t1,":",".")
t3 = number(t2)
if right(t,2) = "pm"
t3 = t3+ 12
ok
ap = "pm"
d = "07/03/2009"
if t3 + 12 > 24
d = adddays("07/03/2009",1)
ap = "am"
ok
see "Original - " + dateorigin + nl
see "Manipulated - " + d + " " + t1 + ap + nlOutput:
Original - March 7 2009 7:30pm EST Manipulated - 08/03/2009 7:30am
RPL
RPL time format does not handle time zones.
≪ "@" + → in
≪ { }
1 in SIZE FOR j
in j DUP SUB
CASE
"0123456789" OVER POS THEN STR→ END
DUP "a" ≥ OVER "z" ≤ AND THEN NUM 32 - CHR END
DUP "A" < OVER "Z" > OR THEN DROP ‘x’ END
END
IF OVER TYPE 5 ≠ THEN
IF DUP2 TYPE SWAP TYPE == THEN
IF DUP TYPE 2 ≠ THEN SWAP 10 * END +
ELSE
ROT ROT + SWAP
IF DUP ‘x’ SAME THEN DROP END
END END
NEXT
≫ ≫ 'ALPHANUM' STO
≪ ALPHANUM → date
≪ { "JAN" "FEB" "MAR" "APR" "MAY" "JUN" "JUL" "AUG" "SEP" "OCT" "NOV" "DEC" }
date 1 GET 1 3 SUB POS 100 /
date 2 GET +
date 3 GET 1E6 / +
date 4 GET
date 5 GET 100 / +
IF date 6 GET "PM" == THEN 12 + END
≫ ≫ '→DATIME' STO
≪ →DATIME 1 +
IF DUP 24 > THEN 24 - SWAP 1 DATE+ SWAP END
TSTR
≫ 'TASK1' STO
"March 7 2009 7:30pm EST" TASK1
- Output:
1: "SUN 08.03.09 07:30:00"
Ruby
Time class
The Time package in the standard library adds a parse method to the core Time class.
require 'time'
d = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
t = Time.parse(d)
puts t.rfc2822
puts t.zone
new = t + 12*3600
puts new.rfc2822
puts new.zone
# another timezone
require 'rubygems'
require 'active_support'
zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone['Beijing']
remote = zone.at(new)
# or, remote = new.in_time_zone('Beijing')
puts remote.rfc2822
puts remote.zone
- Output:
Sat, 07 Mar 2009 19:30:00 -0500 EST Sun, 08 Mar 2009 08:30:00 -0400 EDT Sun, 08 Mar 2009 20:30:00 +0800 CST
Using ActiveSupport, we can add 12 hours with any of:
new = t + 12.hours
new = t.in(12.hours)
new = t.advance(:hours => 12)
DateTime class
require "date"
puts d1 = DateTime.parse("March 7 2009 7:30pm EST")
# d1 + 1 would add a day, so add half a day:
puts d2 = d1 + 1/2r # 1/2r is a rational; 0.5 would also work
puts d3 = d2.new_offset('+09:00')
- Output:
2009-03-07T19:30:00-05:00 2009-03-08T07:30:00-05:00 2009-03-08T21:30:00+09:00
Run BASIC
theDate$ = "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
monthName$ = "January February March April May June July August September October November December"
for i = 1 to 12
if word$(theDate$,1) = word$(monthName$,i) then monthNum = i ' turn month name to number
next i
d = val(date$(monthNum;"/";word$(theDate$,2);"/";word$(theDate$,3))) ' days since Jan 1 1901
t$ = word$(theDate$,4) ' get time from theDate$
t1$ = word$(t$,1,"pm") ' strip pm
t2$ = word$(t1$,1,":") + "." + word$(t1$,2,":") ' replace : with .
t = val(t2$)
if right$(t$,2) = "pm" then t = t + 12
ap$ = "pm"
if t + 12 > 24 then
d = d + 1 ' if over 24 hours add 1 to days since 1/1/1901
ap$ = "am"
end if
print date$(d);" ";t1$;ap$03/08/2009 7:30am
Rust
use chrono::prelude::*;
use chrono::Duration;
fn main() {
// Chrono allows parsing time zone abbreviations like "EST", but
// their meaning is ignored due to a lack of standardization.
//
// This solution compromises by augmenting the parsed datetime
// with the timezone using the IANA abbreviation.
let ndt =
NaiveDateTime::parse_from_str("March 7 2009 7:30pm EST", "%B %e %Y %l:%M%P %Z").unwrap();
// add TZ manually
let dt = chrono_tz::EST.from_local_datetime(&ndt).unwrap();
println!("Date parsed: {:?}", dt);
let new_date = dt + Duration::hours(12);
println!("+12 hrs in EST: {:?}", new_date);
println!(
"+12 hrs in CET: {:?}",
new_date.with_timezone(&chrono_tz::CET)
);
}
- Output:
Date parsed: 2009-03-07T19:30:00EST +12 hrs in EST: 2009-03-08T07:30:00EST +12 hrs in CET: 2009-03-08T13:30:00CET
Scala
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat
import java.util.{Calendar, Locale, TimeZone}
object DateManipulation {
def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
val input="March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
val df=new SimpleDateFormat("MMMM d yyyy h:mma z", Locale.ENGLISH)
val c=Calendar.getInstance()
c.setTime(df.parse(input))
c.add(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 12)
println(df.format(c.getTime))
df.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT"))
println(df.format(c.getTime))
}
}
- Output:
March 8 2009 8:30AM EDT March 8 2009 12:30PM GMT
Seed7
Time zone identifiers like "EST" are ambiguous. E.g.: "AST" is used to abbreviate both Atlantic Standard Time (UTC-04) and Arab Standard Time (UTC+03). Therefore parsing of such time zone identifiers is not supported by Seed7. ISO 8601 defines no time zone designators. Instead ISO 8601 specifies time offsets from UTC. In the example below EST is replaced with UTC-05.
$ include "seed7_05.s7i";
include "time.s7i";
include "duration.s7i";
const func time: parseDate (in string: dateStri) is func
result
var time: aTime is time.value;
local
const array string: monthNames is [] ("January", "February", "March", "April",
"May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December");
var array string: dateParts is 0 times "";
var integer: month is 0;
var string: timeStri is "";
begin
dateParts := split(dateStri, ' ');
aTime.year := integer parse (dateParts[3]);
aTime.month := 1;
while monthNames[aTime.month] <> dateParts[1] do
incr(aTime.month);
end while;
aTime.day := integer parse (dateParts[2]);
timeStri := dateParts[4];
if endsWith(timeStri, "am") then
aTime.hour := integer parse (timeStri[.. pred(pos(timeStri, ':'))]);
elsif endsWith(timeStri, "pm") then
aTime.hour := integer parse (timeStri[.. pred(pos(timeStri, ':'))]) + 12;
else
raise RANGE_ERROR;
end if;
aTime.minute := integer parse (timeStri[succ(pos(timeStri, ':')) .. length(timeStri) - 2]);
if dateParts[5] <> "UTC" then
aTime.timeZone := 60 * integer parse (dateParts[5][4 ..]);
end if;
end func;
const proc: main is func
local
var time: aTime is time.value;
begin
aTime := parseDate("March 7 2009 7:30pm UTC-05");
writeln("Given: " <& aTime);
aTime +:= 1 . DAYS;
writeln("A day later: " <& aTime);
aTime := toUTC(aTime);
writeln("In UTC: " <& aTime);
end func;- Output:
Given: 2009-03-07 19:30:00 UTC-5 A day later: 2009-03-08 19:30:00 UTC-5 In UTC: 2009-03-09 00:30:00 UTC
SenseTalk
set date to "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
insert "[month name] [day] [year] [hour12]:[min][pm] [timeZoneID]" into the timeInputFormat
put date + 12 hoursOutput:
March 8 2009 7:30AM ESTSidef
var dt = frequire('DateTime::Format::Strptime')
var input = 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST'
input.sub!('EST', 'America/New_York')
say dt.strptime('%b %d %Y %I:%M%p %O', input) \
.add(hours => 12) \
.set_time_zone('America/Edmonton') \
.format_cldr('MMMM d yyyy h:mma zzz')
- Output:
March 8 2009 6:30AM MDT
Smalltalk
The aim of the class DateTimeTZ is to provide the ability to understand time with "meridian" (PM/AM, even though no checks are done to assure coherency of the format) and to handle timezones despite the locale (which anyway is gently "ignored", or rather unknown in the format of letters, to Date), providing a proper set of informations to the method readFromWithMeridian:andTimeZone:.
The aDict argument must be a dictionary where keys are the abbreviated timezone code (e.g. EST), and values are three-elements array: difference between the timezone and GMT (as Duration), the DateTime when there's passage between using or not using the daylight saving time (year is ignored), and the "direction" (as Duration) of the change. All data must be filled by hand... As example I've put EST (and there's no way to represent the "new" date and time correctly with the new EDT timezone).
The code also fails when adding a duration that "jumps" beyond two DST changes (e.g from EST to EDT and EST again); (it could be partially fixed by considering intervals instead of single date, and adding a fourth element to link to the "new" timezone abbreviation)
DateTime extend [
setYear: aNum [ year := aNum ]
].
Object subclass: DateTimeTZ [
|dateAndTime timeZoneDST timeZoneName timeZoneVar|
DateTimeTZ class >> new [ ^(super basicNew) ]
DateTimeTZ class >> readFromWithMeridian: aStream andTimeZone: aDict [
|me|
me := self new.
^ me initWithMeridian: aStream andTimeZone: aDict
]
initWithMeridian: aStream andTimeZone: aDict [ |s|
dateAndTime := DateTime readFrom: aStream copy.
s := aStream collection asString.
s =~ '[pP][mM]'
ifMatched: [ :m |
dateAndTime := dateAndTime + (Duration days: 0 hours: 12 minutes: 0 seconds: 0)
].
aDict keysAndValuesDo: [ :k :v |
s =~ k
ifMatched: [ :x |
dateAndTime := dateAndTime setOffset: (v at: 1).
timeZoneDST := (v at: 2) setOffset: (v at: 1).
timeZoneVar := (v at: 3).
timeZoneDST setYear: (self year). "ignore the year"
timeZoneName := k
]
].
^ self
]
setYear: aNum [ dateAndTime setYear: aNum ]
year [ ^ dateAndTime year ]
timeZoneName [ ^timeZoneName ]
+ aDuration [ |n|
n := dateAndTime + aDuration.
(n > timeZoneDST) ifTrue: [ n := n + timeZoneVar ].
^ (self copy dateTime: n)
]
dateTime [ ^dateAndTime ]
dateTime: aDT [ dateAndTime := aDT ]
].
Usage example (note: the code is rather rigid, so not all operations possible on DateTime are possible on DateTimeTZ).
|s abbrDict dt|
s := 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST'.
"Build a abbreviation -> offset for timezones (example)"
abbrDict := Dictionary new.
abbrDict at: 'EST'
put: { (Duration days: 0 hours: -5 minutes: 0 seconds: 0).
(DateTime year: 2009 month: 3 day: 8 hour: 2 minute: 0 second: 0).
(Duration days: 0 hours: 1 minutes: 0 seconds: 0) }.
dt := DateTimeTZ readFromWithMeridian: (s readStream) andTimeZone: abbrDict.
dt := dt + (Duration days: 0 hours: 12 minutes: 0 seconds: 0).
"let's print it"
('%1 %2 %3 %4:%5%6 %7' %
{
(dt dateTime) monthName asString.
(dt dateTime) day.
(dt dateTime) year.
(dt dateTime) hour12.
(dt dateTime) minute.
(dt dateTime) meridianAbbreviation asString.
dt timeZoneName.
}) displayNl.
(dt dateTime) asUTC displayNl.
- Output:
(note that EST should be EDT)
March 8 2009 8:30AM EST 2009-03-08T13:30:00+00:00
SQL
-- March 7 2009 7:30pm EST
select
TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ(
'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST',
'MONTH DD YYYY HH:MIAM TZR'
)
at time zone 'US/Eastern' orig_dt_time
from dual;
-- 12 hours later DST change
select
(TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ(
'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST',
'MONTH DD YYYY HH:MIAM TZR'
)+
INTERVAL '12' HOUR)
at time zone 'US/Eastern' plus_12_dst
from dual;
-- 12 hours later no DST change
-- Arizona time, always MST
select
(TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ(
'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST',
'MONTH DD YYYY HH:MIAM TZR'
)+
INTERVAL '12' HOUR)
at time zone 'US/Arizona' plus_12_nodst
from dual;
SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> 2 3 4 5 6 7 ORIG_DT_TIME --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 07-MAR-09 07.30.00.000000000 PM US/EASTERN SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 PLUS_12_DST --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 08-MAR-09 08.30.00.000000000 AM US/EASTERN SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 PLUS_12_NODST --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 08-MAR-09 05.30.00.000000000 AM US/ARIZONA
Standard ML
val smltime= fn input => (* parse given format *)
let
val mth::day::year::itime::t = String.fields Char.isSpace input ;
val tmp = String.fields (fn x=> x= #":") itime;
val h = (valOf(Int.fromString (hd tmp) )) + (if String.isSuffix "pm" (hd(tl tmp)) then 12 else 0 ) ;
val ms = (String.extract (hd (tl tmp), 0 ,SOME 2))^":00" ;
val mth = String.extract (mth,0,SOME 3)
in
(* Sat is a dummy *)
Date.fromString ("Sat "^mth ^" " ^ (StringCvt.padLeft #"0" 2 day) ^ " "^(StringCvt.padLeft #"0" 2 (Int.toString h))^":" ^ ms^" "^ year )
end;
local
val date2real = Time.toReal o Date.toTime o valOf
val onehour = date2real ( Date.fromString "Mon Jan 01 23:59:59 1973" ) - ( date2real ( Date.fromString "Mon Jan 01 22:59:59 1973" )) ;
in
val hoursFrom = fn hours => fn from =>
(Date.fromTimeLocal o Time.fromReal)( ( date2real from) + hours * onehour );
end;output
hoursFrom 12.0 ( smltime "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST" ) ;
val it = Sun Mar 08 07:30:00 2009: Date.dateSwift
import Foundation
let formatter = DateFormatter()
formatter.dateFormat = "MMMM dd yyyy hh:mma zzz"
guard let date = formatter.date(from: "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST") else {
fatalError()
}
print(formatter.string(from: date))
print(formatter.string(from: date + 60 * 60 * 12))
- Output:
March 07 2009 07:30PM EST March 08 2009 08:30AM EDT
Tcl
set date "March 7 2009 7:30pm EST"
set epoch [clock scan $date -format "%B %d %Y %I:%M%p %z"]
set later [clock add $epoch 12 hours]
puts [clock format $later] ;# Sun Mar 08 08:30:00 EDT 2009
puts [clock format $later -timezone :Asia/Shanghai] ;# Sun Mar 08 20:30:00 CST 2009
Note the transition into daylight savings time in the interval (in the Eastern timezone).
UNIX Shell
requires GNU date
epoch=$(date -d 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST +12 hours' +%s)
date -d @$epoch
TZ=Asia/Shanghai date -d @$epoch
- Output:
Sun Mar 8 08:30:00 EDT 2009 Sun Mar 8 20:30:00 CST 2009
A version that works with the BSD/macOS version of date(1):
epoch=$(( $(date -j -f '%B %d %Y %l:%M%p %Z' 'March 7 2009 7:30pm EST' +%s) + 43200 ))
date -r $epoch
TZ=Australia/Perth date -r $epoch
- Output:
Sun Mar 8 08:30:55 EDT 2009 Sun Mar 8 21:30:55 AWDT 2009
Wren
import "./date" for Date
var fmt = "mmmm| |d| |yyyy| |H|:|MM|am| |zz|"
var d = Date.parse("March 7 2009 7:30pm EST", fmt)
Date.default = fmt
System.print("Original date/time : %(d)")
d = d.addHours(12)
System.print("12 hours later : %(d)")
// Adjust to MST say
d = d.adjustTime("MST")
System.print("Adjusted to MST : %(d)")
- Output:
Original date/time : March 7 2009 7:30pm EST 12 hours later : March 8 2009 7:30am EST Adjusted to MST : March 8 2009 5:30am MST
zkl
The iso8601 library offers additional Time/Date support but using the built in stuff:
var Date=Time.Date;
fcn add12h(dt){
re:=RegExp(0'|(\w+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+)\ +(.+)\s|);
re.search(dt);
_,M,D,Y,hms:=re.matched; //"March","7","2009","7:30pm"
M=Date.monthNames.index(M); //3
h,m,s:=Date.parseTime(hms); //19,30,0
dti:=T(Y,M,D, h,m,s).apply("toInt");
Y,M,D, h,m,s=Date.addHMS(dti,12);
"%s %d %d %s".fmt(Date.monthNames[M],D,Y,Date.toAMPMString(h,m));
}add12h("March 7 2009 7:30pm EST").println();- Output:
March 8 2009 07:30AM
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