Hello world/Web server
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
The browser is the new GUI !
- Task
Serve our standard text Goodbye, World! to http://localhost:8080/ so that it can be viewed with a web browser.
The provided solution must start or implement a server that accepts multiple client connections and serves text as requested.
Note that starting a web browser or opening a new window with this URL is not part of the task.
Additionally, it is permissible to serve the provided page as a plain text file (there is no requirement to serve properly formatted HTML here).
The browser will generally do the right thing with simple text like this.
Ada
Uses many defaults, such as 5 max simultaneous connections.
with AWS; use AWS;
with AWS.Response;
with AWS.Server;
with AWS.Status;
with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
procedure HelloHTTP is
function CB (Request : Status.Data) return Response.Data is
pragma Unreferenced (Request);
begin
return Response.Build ("text/html", "Hello world!");
end CB;
TheServer : Server.HTTP;
ch : Character;
begin
Server.Start (TheServer, "Rosettacode",
Callback => CB'Unrestricted_Access, Port => 8080);
Put_Line ("Press any key to quit."); Get_Immediate (ch);
Server.Shutdown (TheServer);
end HelloHTTP;
Aime
Goodbye, world! with random colors and socket polling:
void
serve(dispatch w, file s, list colors)
{
file i, o;
date d;
accept(i, o, s, 0);
f_(o, "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n"
"Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\n\n"
"<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Bye-bye baby bye-bye</title>"
"<style>body { background-color: #111 }"
"h1 { font-size:4cm; text-align: center; color: black;"
" text-shadow: 0 0 2mm ", colors[drand(3)], "}</style></head>"
"<body><h1>Goodbye, world!</h1></body></html>\n");
# chrome won't show the page if we close right away. we'll close in 2s.
d.now;
d.offset(2, 0);
w_schedule(w, d, f_close, i);
}
integer
main(void)
{
dispatch w;
file s;
tcpip_listen(s, 8080, 0);
w_watch(w, s, serve, w, s, list("blue", "green", "red", "yellow"));
w_press(w);
return 0;
}Or simply:
file i, o, s;
tcpip_listen(s, 8080, 0);
while (1) {
accept(i, o, s, 0);
f_(o, "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n"
"Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\n\n"
"<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>baby bye-bye</title></head>"
"<body><h1>Goodbye, world!</h1></body></html>\n");
f_flush(o);
}Amazing Hopper
VERSION 1: "Hopper" flavour:
// Hello world! mode Server
#include <hopper.h>
main:
fd=0,fdc=0,message=""
{"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n","Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\n\n"}cat
{"<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Bye-bye baby bye-bye</title>"},cat
{"<style>body { background-color: #111 },cat
{"h1 { font-size:4cm; text-align: center; color: black; text-shadow: 0 0 2mm red}</style>"}cat
{"</head><body><h1>Goodbye, world!</h1></body></html>\n"}cat,
mov(message)
/* Open socket in localhost (by default) */
/* Accept 5 conections (there are also 5 by default, if you put "any weá" there) */
{5,8080}socket (OPENTCPSRV), mov(fd)
/* accept conection & send message */
accept(fd), mov(fdc)
{message},send(fdc)
/* close all */
{fdc}socket(CLOSESOCK)
{fd}socket(CLOSESOCK)
exit(0)VERSION 2: "Hopper-BASIC" flavour
// Hello world! mode Server: desde el navegador, escriba localhost:8080
#include <hbasic.h>
Begin
Declare as Numeric (fd,fdc)
as Alpha (message,HEAD,head,body,form,html)
Let ( HEAD := Cat$("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n","Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\n\n") + ("<!DOCTYPE html>\n") )
ParsNormal$("title","","Bye-bye baby bye-bye")(head)
ParsNormal$("style","","body { background-color: #111 } h1 { font-size:4cm; text-align: center; color: black; text-shadow: 0 0 2mm red}")(head)
ParsNormal$("head","",head)(html)
ParsNormal$("h1","","Goodbye, world!")(body)
ParsNormal$("body","",body)(html)
ParsNormal$("html","",html)(form)
Let( form := Cat$(HEAD,form))
Let( message := Tran$(">\n<","><", form) )
Print( message, Newl)
/* Open socket in localhost (by default) */
Let( fd := OpenServerTCP(3,8080) )
/* accept conection & send message */
Let( fdc := Accept(fd) )
Send(message,fdc)
/* close all */
CloseSocket(fdc)
CloseSocket(fd)
End- Output:
Open your browser, and type in the navigation bar: "localhost: 8080": It will show "Goodbye World!" in huge letters and adorable lovecraftian colors!
AntLang
In plain AntLang:
serv: httprun[8080; {"HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\nContent-Type: text/plain\r\n\r\nGoodbye, World!"}]Using ALC:
load["handlers.ant"]
serv: httprun[8080; {httpwrap["Goodbye, World!"]}]To close the server:
kill[serv]Arturo
serve.port:8080 [ GET "/" -> "Goodbye, World!" ]
- Output:
If you navigate to "localhost:8080" through our web browser, we'll see the message:
Goodbye, World!
AutoIt
TCPStartup()
$socket = TCPListen("0.0.0.0",8080)
$string = "Goodbye, World!"
While 1
Do
$newConnection = TCPAccept($socket)
Sleep(1)
Until $newConnection <> -1
$content = TCPRecv($newConnection, 2048)
If StringLen($content) > 0 Then
TCPSend($newConnection, Binary("HTTP/1.1 200 OK" & @CRLF))
TCPSend($newConnection, Binary("Content-Type: text/html" & @CRLF))
TCPSend($newConnection, Binary("Content-Length: "& BinaryLen($string) & @CRLF & @CRLF))
TCPSend($newConnection, $string)
EndIf
TCPCloseSocket($newConnection)
WEnd
AWK
With GNU AWK (gawk) a simple web server can be implemented.
The example is taken from
[1]
(Documentation is licensed under GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3)
#!/usr/bin/gawk -f
BEGIN {
RS = ORS = "\r\n"
HttpService = "/inet/tcp/8080/0/0"
Hello = "<HTML><HEAD>" \
"<TITLE>A Famous Greeting</TITLE></HEAD>" \
"<BODY><H1>Hello, world</H1></BODY></HTML>"
Len = length(Hello) + length(ORS)
print "HTTP/1.0 200 OK" |& HttpService
print "Content-Length: " Len ORS |& HttpService
print Hello |& HttpService
while ((HttpService |& getline) > 0)
continue;
close(HttpService)
}
BASIC
BaCon
Requires BaCon 4.2 or higher.
' Define HTTP constants
CONST New$ = CHR$(13) & NL$
CONST Sep$ = CHR$(13) & NL$ & CHR$(13) & NL$
CONST Msg$ = "<html><head>BaCon web greeting</head><body><h2>Goodbye, World!</h2></body></html>"
' Get our IP
Ip$ = "localhost"
PRINT "Connect from browser '", Ip$, ":8080'."
' Ignore child signals to avoid zombie processes
SIGNAL SIG_IGN, SIGCHLD
' Open listening port
OPEN Ip$ & ":8080" FOR SERVER AS mynet
' Keep receiving requests
WHILE TRUE
' Handle for newly incoming connection
fd = ACCEPT(mynet)
' Incoming connection -> create background process
spawn = FORK
' We are in the child
IF spawn = 0 THEN
' Get the request
REPEAT
RECEIVE dat$ FROM fd
PRINT dat$
UNTIL RIGHT$(dat$, 4) = Sep$
' Reply that we're OK
SEND "HTTP/1.1 200 Ok" & New$ & "Content-Length: " & STR$(LEN(Msg$)) & Sep$ & Msg$ TO fd
' Close connection
CLOSE SERVER fd
' End this process
ENDFORK
ENDIF
WENDBBC BASIC
This explicitly supports multiple concurrent connections.
INSTALL @lib$+"SOCKLIB"
PROC_initsockets
maxSess% = 8
DIM sock%(maxSess%-1), rcvd$(maxSess%-1), Buffer% 255
ON ERROR PRINT REPORT$ : PROC_exitsockets : END
ON CLOSE PROC_exitsockets : QUIT
port$ = "8080"
host$ = FN_gethostname
PRINT "Host name is " host$
listen% = FN_tcplisten(host$, port$)
PRINT "Listening on port ";port$
REPEAT
socket% = FN_check_connection(listen%)
IF socket% THEN
FOR i% = 0 TO maxSess%-1
IF sock%(i%) = 0 THEN
sock%(i%) = socket%
rcvd$(i%) = ""
PRINT "Connection on socket "; sock%(i%) " opened"
EXIT FOR
ENDIF
NEXT i%
listen% = FN_tcplisten(host$, port$)
ENDIF
FOR i% = 0 TO maxSess%-1
IF sock%(i%) THEN
res% = FN_readsocket(sock%(i%), Buffer%, 256)
IF res% >= 0 THEN
Buffer%?res% = 0
rcvd$(i%) += $$Buffer%
IF LEFT$(rcvd$(i%),4) = "GET " AND ( \
\ RIGHT$(rcvd$(i%),4) = CHR$13+CHR$10+CHR$13+CHR$10 OR \
\ RIGHT$(rcvd$(i%),4) = CHR$10+CHR$13+CHR$10+CHR$13 OR \
\ RIGHT$(rcvd$(i%),2) = CHR$10+CHR$10 ) THEN
rcvd$(i%) = ""
IF FN_writelinesocket(sock%(i%), "HTTP/1.0 200 OK")
IF FN_writelinesocket(sock%(i%), "Content-type: text/html")
IF FN_writelinesocket(sock%(i%), "")
IF FN_writelinesocket(sock%(i%), "<html><head><title>Hello World!</title></head>")
IF FN_writelinesocket(sock%(i%), "<body><h1>Hello World!</h1>")
IF FN_writelinesocket(sock%(i%), "</body></html>")
PROC_closesocket(sock%(i%))
PRINT "Connection on socket " ; sock%(i%) " closed (local)"
sock%(i%) = 0
ENDIF
ELSE
PROC_closesocket(sock%(i%))
PRINT "Connection on socket " ; sock%(i%) " closed (remote)"
sock%(i%) = 0
ENDIF
ENDIF
NEXT i%
WAIT 0
UNTIL FALSE
END
C
This is, um, slightly longer than what other languages would be.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <err.h>
char response[] = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
"Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\n"
"<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Bye-bye baby bye-bye</title>"
"<style>body { background-color: #111 }"
"h1 { font-size:4cm; text-align: center; color: black;"
" text-shadow: 0 0 2mm red}</style></head>"
"<body><h1>Goodbye, world!</h1></body></html>\r\n";
int main()
{
int one = 1, client_fd;
struct sockaddr_in svr_addr, cli_addr;
socklen_t sin_len = sizeof(cli_addr);
int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sock < 0)
err(1, "can't open socket");
setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &one, sizeof(int));
int port = 8080;
svr_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
svr_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
svr_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &svr_addr, sizeof(svr_addr)) == -1) {
close(sock);
err(1, "Can't bind");
}
listen(sock, 5);
while (1) {
client_fd = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &cli_addr, &sin_len);
printf("got connection\n");
if (client_fd == -1) {
perror("Can't accept");
continue;
}
write(client_fd, response, sizeof(response) - 1); /*-1:'\0'*/
close(client_fd);
}
}
C#
using System.Text;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;
namespace WebServer
{
class GoodByeWorld
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
const string msg = "<html>\n<body>\nGoodbye, world!\n</body>\n</html>\n";
const int port = 8080;
bool serverRunning = true;
TcpListener tcpListener = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, port);
tcpListener.Start();
while (serverRunning)
{
Socket socketConnection = tcpListener.AcceptSocket();
byte[] bMsg = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(msg.ToCharArray(), 0, (int)msg.Length);
socketConnection.Send(bMsg);
socketConnection.Disconnect(true);
}
}
}
}
namespace Webserver
{
using System;
using Nancy;
using Nancy.Hosting.Self;
public class HelloWorldModule : NancyModule
{
public HelloWorldModule()
{
this.Get["/"] = parameters => "Goodbye, world!";
}
public static void Main()
{
var uri = new Uri("http://localhost:8080");
using (var host = new NancyHost(uri))
{
host.Start();
Console.WriteLine("Web server is now running!");
Console.WriteLine("Press 'Enter' to exit.");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
}
C++
C version compiles as C++ (known for G++ on Linux)
Clojure
Taken from: Compojure's Getting Started doc.
> lein new compojure goodbye-world
File: src/goodbye_world/handler.clj
(ns goodbye-world.handler
(:require [compojure.core :refer :all]
[compojure.handler :as handler]
[compojure.route :as route]))
(defroutes app-routes
(GET "/" [] "Goodbye, World!")
(route/resources "/")
(route/not-found "Not Found"))
(def app
(handler/site app-routes))
To start up the server on port 8080, run the following from the project's root:
> lein ring server-headless 8080
Common Lisp
Here's the example with a pre-built server:
(ql:quickload :hunchentoot)
(defpackage :hello-web (:use :cl :hunchentoot))
(in-package :hello-web)
(define-easy-handler (hello :uri "/") () "Goodbye, World!")
(defparameter *server* (hunchentoot:start (make-instance 'hunchentoot:easy-acceptor :port 8080)))
Here's an example of doing everything manually
(ql:quickload :usocket)
(defpackage :hello-web-manual (:use :cl :usocket))
(in-package :hello-web-manual)
(defun crlf (&optional (stream *standard-output*))
(write-char #\return stream)
(write-char #\linefeed stream)
(values))
(defun ln (string &optional (stream *standard-output*))
(write-string string stream)
(crlf stream))
(defun read-all (stream)
(loop for char = (read-char-no-hang stream nil :eof)
until (or (null char) (eq char :eof)) collect char into msg
finally (return (values msg char))))
(defun serve (port &optional (log-stream *standard-output*))
(let ((connections (list (socket-listen "127.0.0.1" port :reuse-address t))))
(unwind-protect
(loop
(loop for ready in (wait-for-input connections :ready-only t)
do (if (typep ready 'stream-server-usocket)
(push (socket-accept ready) connections)
(let* ((stream (socket-stream ready)))
(read-all stream)
(format log-stream "Got message...~%")
(mapc (lambda (line) (ln line stream))
(list "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8"
""
"Hello world!"))
(socket-close ready)
(setf connections (remove ready connections))))))
(loop for c in connections do (loop while (socket-close c))))))
(serve 8080)
Crystal
require "http/server"
server = HTTP::Server.new do |context|
context.response.print "Goodbye World"
end
server.listen(8080)
D
Using sockets only, also shows use of heredoc syntax and std.array.replace. If you copy from this page, be careful with extraneous spaces on the empty lines in the heredoc.
import std.socket, std.array;
ushort port = 8080;
void main() {
Socket listener = new TcpSocket;
listener.bind(new InternetAddress(port));
listener.listen(10);
Socket currSock;
while (null !is (currSock = listener.accept())) {
currSock.sendTo(replace(q"EOF
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
<html>
<head><title>Hello world</title></head>
<body>Goodbye, World!</body>
</html>
EOF", "\n", "\r\n"));
currSock.close();
}
}
Dart
import 'dart:io';
main() async {
var server = await HttpServer.bind('127.0.0.1', 8080);
await for (HttpRequest request in server) {
request.response
..write('Hello, world')
..close();
}
}
Delphi
program HelloWorldWebServer;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses SysUtils, IdContext, IdCustomHTTPServer, IdHTTPServer;
type
TWebServer = class
private
FHTTPServer: TIdHTTPServer;
public
constructor Create;
destructor Destroy; override;
procedure HTTPServerCommandGet(AContext: TIdContext;
ARequestInfo: TIdHTTPRequestInfo; AResponseInfo: TIdHTTPResponseInfo);
end;
constructor TWebServer.Create;
begin
FHTTPServer := TIdHTTPServer.Create(nil);
FHTTPServer.DefaultPort := 8080;
FHTTPServer.OnCommandGet := HTTPServerCommandGet;
FHTTPServer.Active := True;
end;
destructor TWebServer.Destroy;
begin
FHTTPServer.Active := False;
FHTTPServer.Free;
inherited Destroy;
end;
procedure TWebServer.HTTPServerCommandGet(AContext: TIdContext;
ARequestInfo: TIdHTTPRequestInfo; AResponseInfo: TIdHTTPResponseInfo);
begin
AResponseInfo.ContentText := 'Goodbye, World!';
end;
var
lWebServer: TWebServer;
begin
lWebServer := TWebServer.Create;
try
Writeln('Delphi Hello world/Web server ');
Writeln('Press Enter to quit');
Readln;
finally
lWebServer.Free;
end;
end.
Dylan.NET
//compile with dylan.NET 11.5.1.2 or later!!
#refstdasm "mscorlib.dll"
#refstdasm "System.dll"
import System.Text
import System.Net.Sockets
import System.Net
assembly helloweb exe
ver 1.1.0.0
namespace WebServer
class public GoodByeWorld
method public static void main(var args as string[])
var msg as string = c"<html>\n<body>\nGoodbye, world!\n</body>\n</html>\n"
var port as integer = 8080
var serverRunning as boolean = true
var tcpListener as TcpListener = new TcpListener(IPAddress::Any, port)
tcpListener::Start()
do while serverRunning
var socketConnection as Socket = tcpListener::AcceptSocket()
var bMsg as byte[] = Encoding::get_ASCII()::GetBytes(msg::ToCharArray(), 0, msg::get_Length())
socketConnection::Send(bMsg)
socketConnection::Disconnect(true)
end do
end method
end class
end namespaceErlang
Using builtin HTTP server with call back to do/1. It only lasts 30 seconds (30000 milliseconds), then it is stopped. I fail to see how a longer time will serve any purpose.
-module( hello_world_web_server ).
-export( [do/1, httpd_start/2, httpd_stop/1, task/0] ).
do( _Data ) ->
{proceed, [{response,{200,"Goodbye, World!"}}]}.
httpd_start( Port, Module ) ->
Arguments = [{bind_address, "localhost"}, {port, Port}, {ipfamily, inet},
{modules, [Module]},
{server_name,erlang:atom_to_list(Module)}, {server_root,"."}, {document_root,"."}],
{ok, Pid} = inets:start( httpd, Arguments, stand_alone ),
Pid.
httpd_stop( Pid ) ->
inets:stop( stand_alone, Pid ).
task() ->
Pid = httpd_start( 8080, ?MODULE ),
timer:sleep( 30000 ),
httpd_stop( Pid ).
Fantom
using web
using wisp
const class HelloMod : WebMod // provides the content
{
override Void onGet ()
{
res.headers["Content-Type"] = "text/plain; charset=utf-8"
res.out.print ("Goodbye, World!")
}
}
class HelloWeb
{
Void main ()
{
WispService // creates the web service
{
port = 8080
root = HelloMod()
}.start
while (true) {} // stay running
}
}Fortran
There is no network library in fortran. Use C interoperability and some C compatible library or just start node.js simple web server:
program http_example
implicit none
character (len=:), allocatable :: code
character (len=:), allocatable :: command
logical :: waitForProcess
! Execute a Node.js code
code = "const http = require('http'); http.createServer((req, res) => &
{res.end('Hello World from a Node.js server started from Fortran!')}).listen(8080);"
command = 'node -e "' // code // '"'
call execute_command_line (command, wait=waitForProcess)
end program http_example
Free Pascal
program HelloWorldServer;
{$mode objfpc}{$H+}
uses
Classes, fphttpserver;
Type
TTestHTTPServer = Class(TFPHTTPServer)
public
procedure HandleRequest(Var ARequest: TFPHTTPConnectionRequest;
Var AResponse : TFPHTTPConnectionResponse); override;
end;
Var
Serv : TTestHTTPServer;
procedure TTestHTTPServer.HandleRequest(var ARequest: TFPHTTPConnectionRequest;
var AResponse: TFPHTTPConnectionResponse);
Var
F : TStringStream;
begin
F:=TStringStream.Create('Hello,World!');
try
AResponse.ContentLength:=F.Size;
AResponse.ContentStream:=F;
AResponse.SendContent;
AResponse.ContentStream:=Nil;
finally
F.Free;
end;
end;
begin
Serv:=TTestHTTPServer.Create(Nil);
try
Serv.Threaded:=False;
Serv.Port:=8080;
Serv.AcceptIdleTimeout:=1000;
Serv.Active:=True;
finally
Serv.Free;
end;
end.
Frink
Frink has a web server platform that runs in a Java servlet container called Frink Server Pages which should be used for real-world applications. However, the following is a simple single-threaded web server for the purposes of this task.
ss = newJava["java.net.ServerSocket", 8080]
while true
{
sock = ss.accept[];
w = new Writer[sock.getOutputStream[]]
w.println["HTTP/1.1 200 OK"]
w.println["Content-Type: text/plain\n"]
w.println["Goodbye, World!"]
w.close[]
}FunL
native java.io.PrintWriter
native java.net.ServerSocket
val port = 8080
val listener = ServerSocket( port )
printf( 'Listening at port %1$d\n', port )
forever
socket = listener.accept()
PrintWriter( socket.getOutputStream(), true ).println( 'hello world' )
socket.shutdownOutput()
socket.close()Gastona
A minimal graphical user interface, a console, is included to allow following the server activity and also being able to quit it by closing the window. But it is not stritctly needed, just the unit #listix# would do the job.
#javaj#
<frames> oConsole
#listix#
<main>
MICOHTTP, START, myServer, 8080
<GET />
//<html><body>
// Goodbye world!
//</body></html>Genie
/**
* Based on https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/Genie/GIONetworkingSample
* Based on an example of Jezra Lickter http://hoof.jezra.net/snip/nV
*
* valac --pkg gio-2.0 --pkg gee-0.8 webserver.gs
* ./webserver
*/
[indent=8]
uses
GLib
Gee
init
var ws = new WebServer()
ws.run()
struct Request
full_request : string
path : string
query : string
struct Response
status_code : string
content_type : string
data : string
class WebServer
def run()
port : uint16 = 8080
tss : ThreadedSocketService = new ThreadedSocketService(100)
ia : InetAddress = new InetAddress.any(SocketFamily.IPV4)
isaddr : InetSocketAddress = new InetSocketAddress(ia, port)
try
tss.add_address(isaddr, SocketType.STREAM, SocketProtocol.TCP, null, null);
except e : Error
stderr.printf("%s\n", e.message)
return
// add connection handler
tss.run.connect( connection_handler )
ml : MainLoop = new MainLoop()
tss.start()
stdout.printf("Serving on port %d\n", port)
ml.run()
def connection_handler ( conn : SocketConnection ) : bool
first_line : string = ""
size : size_t = 0;
request : Request = Request()
dis : DataInputStream = new DataInputStream (conn.input_stream)
dos : DataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream (conn.output_stream)
try
first_line = dis.read_line(out size)
// here you could analyze request information
var parts = first_line.split(" ");
if parts.length > 1 do request.full_request = parts[1]
except e : Error
stderr.printf("%s\n", e.message)
response : Response = Response()
response.status_code = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n"
response.content_type = "text/html"
response.data = "<html><body><h1>Goodbye, World!</h1></body></html>"
serve_response ( response, dos )
return false
def serve_response ( response : Response, dos : DataOutputStream )
try
dos.put_string (response.status_code)
dos.put_string ("Server: Genie Socket\n")
dos.put_string("Content-Type: %s\n".printf(response.content_type))
dos.put_string("Content-Length: %d\n".printf(response.data.length))
dos.put_string("\n");//this is the end of the return headers
dos.put_string(response.data)
except e : Error
stderr.printf("%s\n", e.message)- Output:
prompt$ valac --pkg gio-2.0 --pkg gee-0.8 webserver.gs prompt$ ./webserver Serving on port 8080
Showing
prompt$ curl http://localhost:8080 <html><body><h1>Goodbye, World!</h1></body></html>
Go
package main
import (
"fmt"
"log"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
fmt.Fprintln(w, "Goodbye, World!")
})
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil))
}
Haskell
Lightweightly concurrent "hello world" web server using the conduit stack:
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
import Data.ByteString.Char8 ()
import Data.Conduit ( ($$), yield )
import Data.Conduit.Network ( ServerSettings(..), runTCPServer )
main :: IO ()
main = runTCPServer (ServerSettings 8080 "127.0.0.1") $ const (yield response $$)
where response = "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\nContent-Length: 16\n\nGoodbye, World!\n"
Or using only "standard" features (base, bytestring and network from the Haskell Platform):
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
import Data.ByteString.Char8 ()
import Network hiding ( accept )
import Network.Socket ( accept )
import Network.Socket.ByteString ( sendAll )
import Control.Monad ( forever )
import Control.Exception ( bracket, finally )
import Control.Concurrent ( forkIO )
main :: IO ()
main = bracket (listenOn $ PortNumber 8080) sClose loop where
loop s = forever $ forkIO . request . fst =<< accept s
request c = sendAll c response `finally` sClose c
response = "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\nContent-Length: 16\n\nGoodbye, World!\n"
Both works like this:
$ curl http://localhost:8080/ Goodbye, World! # httperf --port=8080 --num-conns=10000 Request rate: 4549.5 req/s (0.2 ms/req) # httperf --port=8080 --num-conns=10000 --num-calls=2 Request rate: 8202.5 req/s (0.1 ms/req) Errors: total 10000 client-timo 0 socket-timo 0 connrefused 0 connreset 10000
Or using warp (warp warp example about warp):
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
import Network.Wai
import Network.Wai.Handler.Warp
import Network.HTTP.Types (status200)
import Blaze.ByteString.Builder (copyByteString)
import qualified Data.ByteString.UTF8 as BU
import Data.Monoid
main = do
let port = 8080
putStrLn $ "Listening on port " ++ show port
run port app
app req respond = respond $
case pathInfo req of
x -> index x
index x = responseBuilder status200 [("Content-Type", "text/plain")] $ mconcat $ map copyByteString
[ "Hello World!\n" ]
Work like this:
$ curl http://localhost:8080/ Hello World! #httperf --server localhost --port 8080 --num-conns 10000 --num-calls 100 Request rate: 43565.8 req/s (0.0 ms/req) #httperf --server localhost --port 8080 --num-conns 100000 --num-calls 200 Request rate: 43902.9 req/s (0.0 ms/req)
without any errors
Comparing to nginx:
# httperf --num-conns=10000 Request rate: 3613.2 req/s (0.3 ms/req) # httperf --num-conns=10000 --num-calls=10 Request rate: 9952.6 req/s (0.1 ms/req) # httperf --num-conns=10000 --num-calls=100 Request rate: 12341.0 req/s (0.1 ms/req)
which serve without any errors.
Io
WebRequest := Object clone do(
handleSocket := method(aSocket,
aSocket streamWrite("Goodbye, World!")
aSocket close
)
)
WebServer := Server clone do(
setPort(8080)
handleSocket := method(aSocket,
WebRequest clone asyncSend(handleSocket(aSocket))
)
)
WebServer start
J
If the desire is to use the browser as a gui, the easiest thing to do would be to download j7, edit the jhs script to start on port 8080, start jhs, visit http://127.0.0.1:8080/jijx then enter the text:
'Goodbye, World!'
This will compute the desired result and display it (actually, it will be displayed twice since the original string will also be displayed). This would be even simpler if you could just use the default jhs port (65001)... Alternatively, a jhs form could be used (but this would not have the exact url structure specified).
However, if the desire is to implement the task exactly, any of approaches at j:JWebServer might be used.
For example, here is a web server which ignores the client's request and always returns Goodbye, World:
hello=: verb define
8080 hello y NB. try to use port 8080 by default
:
port=: x
require 'socket'
coinsert 'jsocket'
sdclose ; sdcheck sdgetsockets ''
server=: {. ; sdcheck sdsocket ''
sdcheck sdbind server; AF_INET; ''; port
sdcheck sdlisten server, 1
while. 1 do.
while.
server e. ready=: >{. sdcheck sdselect (sdcheck sdgetsockets ''),'';'';<1e3
do.
sdcheck sdaccept server
end.
for_socket. ready do.
request=: ; sdcheck sdrecv socket, 65536 0
sdcheck (socket responseFor request) sdsend socket, 0
sdcheck sdclose socket
end.
end.
)
responseFor=: dyad define
'HTTP/1.0 200 OK',CRLF,'Content-Type: text/plain',CRLF,CRLF,'Goodbye, World!',CRLF
)
To deploy this server, once it has been defined, run
hello''
This version works because reasonable http requests fit in a single tcp packet. (And note that the server waits for one tcp packet before responding.) If parsing of the request is desired, one of the more complicated implementations at j:JWebServer should be used instead (but that's not really relevant for this task, except perhaps to require complete headers before responding, with broken browsers which send multiple tcp packets for the request).
Java
Multiple requests will be served in the order that they reach the server,
with a queue size limit of 50 waiting requests imposed by default in the ServerSocket class (may be changed by adding a second positive integer argument to the ServerSocket constructor).
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class HelloWorld{
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
ServerSocket listener = new ServerSocket(8080);
while(true){
Socket sock = listener.accept();
new PrintWriter(sock.getOutputStream(), true).
println("Goodbye, World!");
sock.close();
}
}
}
JavaScript
var http = require('http');
http.createServer(function (req, res) {
res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});
res.end('Goodbye, World!\n');
}).listen(8080, '127.0.0.1');
It scales:
$ curl http://localhost:8080/ Goodbye, World! # httperf --port=8080 --num-conns=10000 Request rate: 1813.1 req/s (0.6 ms/req) # httperf --port=8080 --num-conns=10000 --num-calls=10 Request rate: 4869.1 req/s (0.2 ms/req) # httperf --port=8080 --num-conns=10000 --num-calls=100 Request rate: 5689.0 req/s (0.2 ms/req)
with no errors.
Jsish
One wrinkle in this sample use of the Jsi_Websrv module that ships with Jsi. A request needs page and not just the port.
- Output:
prompt$ jsish
# require('Jsi_Websrv');
1.01
# Jsi_Websrv('', {server:true, port:8080, pageStr:'Goodbye, World!'});
...other terminal...
prompt$ curl http://localhost:8080/page
Goodbye, World!prompt$ curl http://localhost:8080/page
Goodbye, World!
Julia
Requires the HttpServer package to have previously been installed with 'Pkg.add("HttpServer")'
using HttpServer
server = Server() do req, res
"Goodbye, World!"
end
run(server, 8080)
Kotlin
import java.io.PrintWriter
import java.net.ServerSocket
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
val listener = ServerSocket(8080)
while(true) {
val sock = listener.accept()
PrintWriter(sock.outputStream, true).println("Goodbye, World!")
sock.close()
}
}
Lasso
While Lasso has a built-in webserver you can use, here's how you can create a basic multi-threaded webserver of your own to complete this request:
local(server) = net_tcp
handle => { #server->close }
#server->bind(8080) & listen & forEachAccept => {
local(con) = #1
split_thread => {
handle => { #con->close }
local(request) = ''
// Read in the request in chunks until you have it all
{
#request->append(#con->readSomeBytes(8096))
not #request->contains('\r\n\r\n')? currentCapture->restart
}()
local(response) = 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\n\
Goodbye, World!'
#con->writeBytes(bytes(#response))
}
}
Liberty BASIC
This is difficult, although possible, in Liberty BASIC, but it's close relative Run BASIC is designed for serving webpages easily. The task becomes simply ..
print "hello world!"Lua
local socket = require "socket"
local headers = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\nContent-Length: %d\r\n\r\n%s"
local content = "<!doctype html><html><title>Goodbye, World!</title><h1>Goodbye, World!"
local server = assert(socket.bind("localhost", 8080))
repeat
local client = server:accept()
local ok = client:send(string.format(headers, #content, content))
client:close()
until not client or not ok
server:close()
Mathematica /Wolfram Language
listener =
SocketListen["127.0.0.1:8080",
Function[{assoc},
With[{client = assoc["SourceSocket"]},
WriteString[client,
"HTTP/1.0 200 OK\nContent-Length: 16\n\nGoodbye, World!\n"];
Close[client]]]]
SystemOpen["http://127.0.0.1:8080"]
Clean up:
DeleteObject[listener];
Close[listener["Socket"]]
min
{
(
{
{"text/plain; charset=utf-8" :content-type} :headers
"Goodbye, World!" :body
}
) :handler
8080 :port
} start-serverModula-2
This is a CGI executable:
MODULE access;
FROM InOut IMPORT WriteString, WriteLn;
BEGIN
WriteString ("Content-Type : text/plain");
WriteLn;
WriteLn;
WriteString ("Hello web wide world.");
WriteLn
END access.
NetRexx
/* NetRexx */
options replace format comments java crossref symbols binary
class RHelloWorldWebServer public
properties public constant
isTrue = boolean (1 == 1)
isFalse = boolean (1 \== 1)
greeting1 = "Goodbye, World!"
greeting2 = '' -
|| 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n' -
|| 'Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\n' -
|| '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>\r\n' -
|| '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">\r\n' -
|| '<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">\r\n' -
|| '<header>\r\n' -
|| '<title>Hello</title>\r\n' -
|| '<style type="text/css">body {font-family: sans-serif;}</style>\r\n' -
|| '</header>\r\n' -
|| '<body>\r\n' -
|| '<h2 style="text-align: center;">' || greeting1 || '</h2>\r\n' -
|| '</body>\r\n' -
|| '</html>\r\n' -
|| ''
properties static inheritable
terminate = isFalse -- TODO: provide a less draconian means to terminate the listener loop
method main(args = String[]) public static signals IOException
listener = ServerSocket(8080)
loop label listener forever
if terminate then leave listener
sock = listener.accept()
PrintWriter(sock.getOutputStream(), isTrue).println(greeting2)
sock.close()
end listener
return
Nim
import asynchttpserver, asyncdispatch
proc cb(req: Request) {.async.} =
await req.respond(Http200, "Hello, World!")
asyncCheck newAsyncHttpServer().serve(Port(8080), cb)
runForever()
Objeck
use Net;
use Concurrency;
bundle Default {
class GoodByeWorld {
function : Main(args : String[]) ~ Nil {
server := TCPSocketServer->New(8080);
if(server->Listen(5)) {
while(true) {
client := server->Accept();
client->WriteString("<html>\n<body>\nGoodbye, world!\n</body>\n</html>\n");
client->Close();
};
};
server->Close();
}
}
}OCaml
This code is derived from this ocaml-unix documentation.
let try_finalise f x finally y =
let res = try f x with e -> finally y; raise e in
finally y;
res
let rec restart_on_EINTR f x =
try f x with Unix.Unix_error (Unix.EINTR, _, _) -> restart_on_EINTR f x
let double_fork_treatment server service (client_descr, _ as client) =
let treat () =
match Unix.fork () with
| 0 ->
if Unix.fork () <> 0 then exit 0;
Unix.close server; service client; exit 0
| k ->
ignore (restart_on_EINTR (Unix.waitpid []) k)
in
try_finalise treat () Unix.close client_descr
let install_tcp_server_socket addr =
let s = Unix.socket Unix.PF_INET Unix.SOCK_STREAM 0 in
try
Unix.bind s addr;
Unix.listen s 10;
s
with e -> Unix.close s; raise e
let tcp_server treat_connection addr =
ignore (Sys.signal Sys.sigpipe Sys.Signal_ignore);
let server_sock = install_tcp_server_socket addr in
while true do
let client = restart_on_EINTR Unix.accept server_sock in
treat_connection server_sock client
done
let server () =
let port = 8080 in
let host = (Unix.gethostbyname (Unix.gethostname())).Unix.h_addr_list.(0) in
let addr = Unix.ADDR_INET (host, port) in
let treat sock (client_sock, client_addr as client) =
let service (s, _) =
let response = "\
HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\n\
<html><head><title>Goodbye, world!</title>\
<style>body { background-color: #0FF }\
h1 { font-size:3em; color: black; }</style></head>\
<body><h1>Goodbye, world!</h1></body></html>\r\n"
in
Unix.write s response 0 (String.length response);
in
double_fork_treatment sock service client
in
tcp_server treat addr
let _ =
Unix.handle_unix_error server ()
Ol
This sample sends 200 OK on any request and echoes the request headers.
(import (lib http))
(http:run 8080 (lambda (fd request headers send close)
(send "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\n"
"Connection: close\n"
"Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Server: " (car *version*) "/" (cdr *version*)
"\n\n"
"<h1>Goodbye, World!</h1>"
(ref request 1) ": " (ref request 2)
"<hr><small>" headers "</small>")
(close #t)
))Opa
From Opa documentation:
server = one_page_server("Hello", -> <>Goodbye, world</>)
Compile and run:
opa file.opa --
Panda
Using the command line client. Listen to port 8080. For each request a request object is returned, we ignore this and just use it to send message which will be the response.
8080.port.listen.say("Hello world!")Perl
use Socket;
my $port = 8080;
my $protocol = getprotobyname( "tcp" );
socket( SOCK, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, $protocol ) or die "couldn't open a socket: $!";
# PF_INET to indicate that this socket will connect to the internet domain
# SOCK_STREAM indicates a TCP stream, SOCK_DGRAM would indicate UDP communication
setsockopt( SOCK, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1 ) or die "couldn't set socket options: $!";
# SOL_SOCKET to indicate that we are setting an option on the socket instead of the protocol
# mark the socket reusable
bind( SOCK, sockaddr_in($port, INADDR_ANY) ) or die "couldn't bind socket to port $port: $!";
# bind our socket to $port, allowing any IP to connect
listen( SOCK, SOMAXCONN ) or die "couldn't listen to port $port: $!";
# start listening for incoming connections
while( accept(CLIENT, SOCK) ){
print CLIENT "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n" .
"Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\n" .
"<html><head><title>Goodbye, world!</title></head><body>Goodbye, world!</body></html>\r\n";
close CLIENT;
}
Various modules exist for using sockets, including the popular IO::Socket which provides a simpler and more friendly OO interface for the socket layer. Here is the solution using this module:
use IO::Socket::INET;
my $sock = new IO::Socket::INET ( LocalAddr => "127.0.0.1:8080",
Listen => 1,
Reuse => 1, ) or die "Could not create socket: $!";
while( my $client = $sock->accept() ){
print $client "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n" .
"Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\n" .
"<html><head><title>Goodbye, world!</title></head><body>Goodbye, world!</body></html>\r\n";
close $client;
}
Using Perl's glue power, provide a note with visitor counter via netcat:
while (++(our $vn)) {
open NC, "|-", qw(nc -l -p 8080 -q 1);
print NC "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\xd\xa",
"Content-type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a",
"Goodbye, World! (hello, visitor No. $vn!)\x0d\x0a";
}
Here's another solution using Plack (may be found on CPAN):
use Plack::Runner;
my $app = sub {
return [ 200,
[ 'Content-Type' => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8' ],
[ '<html><head><title>Goodbye, world!</title></head><body>Goodbye, world!</body></html>' ]
]
};
my $runner = Plack::Runner->new;
$runner->parse_options('--host' => 'localhost', '--port' => 8080);
$runner->run($app);
When using plackup, then this may be compressed to one line:
my $app = sub { return [ 200, [ 'Content-Type' => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8' ], [ '<html><head><title>Goodbye, world!</title></head><body>Goodbye, world!</body></html>' ] ] };
Use
plackup --host localhost --port 8080 script.psgi
to start the webserver.
Phix
Windows only for now (should be relatively straightforward to get it working on linux)
Output as C, code is however a translation of a FASM example.
-- demo\rosetta\SimpleHttpServer.exw without js include builtins\sockets.e constant MAX_QUEUE = 100, ESCAPE = #1B, response = substitute(""" HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Bye-bye baby bye-bye</title> <style> body { background-color: #111 } h1 { font-size:4cm; text-align: center; color: black; text-shadow: 0 0 2mm red} </style> </head> <body> <h1>Goodbye, world!</h1> </body> </html> ""","\n","\r\n") puts(1,"server started, open http://localhost:8080/ in browser or curl, press Esc or Q to quit\n") atom sock = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,NULL), pSockAddr = sockaddr_in(AF_INET, "", 8080) if bind(sock, pSockAddr)=SOCKET_ERROR then crash("bind (%v)",{get_socket_error()}) end if if listen(sock,MAX_QUEUE)=SOCKET_ERROR then crash("listen (%v)",{get_socket_error()}) end if while not find(get_key(),{ESCAPE,'q','Q'}) do {integer code} = select({sock},{},{},250000) -- (0.25s) if code=SOCKET_ERROR then crash("select (%v)",{get_socket_error()}) end if if code>0 then -- (not timeout) atom peer = accept(sock), ip = getsockaddr(peer) {integer len, string request} = recv(peer) printf(1,"Client IP: %s\n%s\n",{ip_to_string(ip),request}) if length(request)>3 and request[1..4]="GET " then integer bytes_sent = send(peer,response) printf(1,"%d bytes successfully sent\n",bytes_sent) end if shutdown(peer, SD_SEND) -- tell curl it's over peer = closesocket(peer) -- (as does this) end if end while sock = closesocket(sock) WSACleanup()
- Output:
Server console, once you have opened http://localhost:8080 in your browser, or run curl http://localhost:8080
server started, open http://localhost:8080/ in browser or curl, press Esc or Q to quit Client IP: 127.0.0.1 GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost:8080 User-Agent: curl/7.55.1 Accept: */* 352 bytes successfully sent
PHP
<?php
// AF_INET6 for IPv6 // IP
$socket = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0) or die('Failed to create socket!');
// '127.0.0.1' to limit only to localhost // Port
socket_bind($socket, 0, 8080);
socket_listen($socket);
$msg = '<html><head><title>Goodbye, world!</title></head><body>Goodbye, world!</body></html>';
for (;;) {
// @ is used to stop PHP from spamming with error messages if there is no connection
if ($client = @socket_accept($socket)) {
socket_write($client, "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n" .
"Content-length: " . strlen($msg) . "\r\n" .
"Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\n" .
$msg);
}
else usleep(100000); // limits CPU usage by sleeping after doing every request
}
?>
PicoLisp
Contents of the file "goodbye.l":
(html 0 "Bye" NIL NIL
"Goodbye, World!" )Start server:
$ pil @lib/http.l @lib/xhtml.l -'server 8080 "goodbye.l"' -wait
Pike
void handle_request(Protocols.HTTP.Server.Request request)
{
request->response_and_finish( ([ "data":"Goodbye, World!",
"type":"text/html" ]) );
}
int main()
{
Protocols.HTTP.Server.Port(handle_request, 8080);
return -1; // -1 is a special case that retirns control to the backend
}
Pony
Using only in-built TCP listeners, not the HTTP server package
use "net"
actor Main
new create(env: Env) =>
try TCPListener(env.root as AmbientAuth,
Listener,
"127.0.0.1", "8080")
else env.err.print("unable to use the network")
end
// Boilerplate code, create a TCP listener on a socket
class Listener is TCPListenNotify
new iso create() => None
fun ref listening(_: TCPListener ref) => None
fun ref not_listening(listen: TCPListener ref) => listen.close()
fun ref connected(listen: TCPListener ref): TCPConnectionNotify iso^ =>
Server
// HTTP server that handles the TCP connections
class val Server is TCPConnectionNotify
// Empty ctor
new iso create() => None
// Impl for when server accepts the client request
fun accepted(_: TCPConnection ref) => None
// Impl for when server receives client data
fun ref received(conn: TCPConnection ref, _: Array[U8] iso, _: USize)
: Bool
=>
// handle request
conn.write("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n")
conn.write("<html><body><p>")
conn.write("Goodbye, World!")
conn.write("</p></body></html>")
conn.dispose()
false
// Impl for when client closes the connection
fun ref closed(conn: TCPConnection ref) => conn.dispose()
// Impl for when client fails to connect to all possible addresses for the server
fun ref connect_failed(_: TCPConnection ref) => None
Prolog
% The following modules are used in the main module to start a server.
:- use_module(library(http/thread_httpd)).
:- use_module(library(http/http_dispatch)).
% The following module is used in every module that describes a page.
:- use_module(library(http/html_write)).
% Main entry point: starts the server on port 8080.
server :- http_server(http_dispatch, [port(8080)]).
% Defines the handler for the root URI /.
:- http_handler('/', say_goodbye, []).
% Defines the actual page content.
% In this case we're returning a page with the title "Howdy" and the content,
% wrapped in <h1></h1> tags, "Goodbye, World!".
say_goodbye(_Request) :- reply_html_page([title('Howdy')],
[h1('Goodbye, World!')]).
PureBasic
If InitNetwork() = 0
MessageRequester("Error", "Can't initialize the network !")
End
EndIf
Port = 8080
If CreateNetworkServer(0, Port)
Repeat
Delay(1)
SEvent = NetworkServerEvent()
If SEvent
ClientID = EventClient()
Select SEvent
Case #PB_NetworkEvent_Data
SendNetworkData(ClientID,@"Goodbye, World!",Len("Goodbye, World!"))
CloseNetworkConnection(ClientID)
EndSelect
EndIf
ForEver
Else
MessageRequester("Error", "Can't create the server (port in use ?).")
EndIf
Python
Using the wsgiref.simple_server module (Python < 3.2).
from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
def app(environ, start_response):
start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])
yield b"<h1>Goodbye, World!</h1>"
server = make_server('127.0.0.1', 8080, app)
server.serve_forever()
Using the http.server module (Python 3).
import threading
from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, ThreadingHTTPServer
class HelloHTTPRequestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
message = 'Hello World! 今日は'
def do_GET(self):
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header('Content-type', 'text/html; charset=UTF-8')
self.end_headers()
self.wfile.write(self.message.encode('utf-8'))
self.close_connection = True
def serve(addr, port):
with ThreadingHTTPServer((addr, port), HelloHTTPRequestHandler) as server:
server.serve_forever(poll_interval=None)
if __name__ == '__main__':
addr, port = ('localhost', 80)
threading.Thread(target=serve, args=(addr, port), daemon=True).start()
try:
while True:
# handle Ctrl+C
input()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
pass
R
library(httpuv)
runServer("0.0.0.0", 5000,
list(
call = function(req) {
list(status = 200L, headers = list('Content-Type' = 'text/html'), body = "Hello world!")
}
)
)
Racket
#lang racket
(require web-server/servlet web-server/servlet-env)
(define (start req) (response/xexpr "Goodbye, World!"))
(serve/servlet start #:port 8080 #:servlet-path "/")
Raku
(formerly Perl 6)
my $listen = IO::Socket::INET.new(:listen, :localhost<localhost>, :localport(8080));
loop {
my $conn = $listen.accept;
my $req = $conn.get ;
$conn.print: "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\nContent-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\nGoodbye, World!\r\n";
$conn.close;
}
Async:
react {
whenever IO::Socket::Async.listen('0.0.0.0', 8080) -> $conn {
whenever $conn.Supply.lines -> $line {
$conn.print: "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\nContent-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\nGoodbye, World!\r\n";
$conn.close;
}
}
}
REALbasic
Class HTTPSock
Inherits TCPSocket
Event Sub DataAvailable()
Dim headers As New InternetHeaders
headers.AppendHeader("Content-Length", Str(LenB("Goodbye, World!")))
headers.AppendHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain")
headers.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "identity")
headers.AppendHeader("Connection", "close")
Dim data As String = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK" + EndOfLine.Windows + headers.Source + EndOfLine.Windows + EndOfLine.Windows + "Goodbye, World!"
Me.Write(data)
Me.Close
End Sub
End Class
Class HTTPServ
Inherits ServerSocket
Event Sub AddSocket() As TCPSocket
Return New HTTPSock
End Sub
End Class
Class App
Inherits Application
Event Sub Run(Args() As String)
Dim sock As New HTTPServ
sock.Port = 8080
sock.Listen()
While True
App.DoEvents
Wend
End Sub
End Class
REXX
Based on the UNIX Shell entry. Works with Regina, tested on GNU/Linux. Requires netcat as nc.
/* HTTP hello server */
response.1 = 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK' || '0D0A'X,
|| 'Connection: close' || '0D0A'X,
|| 'Content-Type: text/html' || '0D0A0D0A'X
response.2 = '<!DOCTYPE html>' || '0A'X,
|| '<html><head><title>Hello, Rosetta</title></head>' || '0A'X,
|| '<body><h2>Goodbye, World!</h2></body>' || '0A'X,
|| '<!-- Shout out from the Rosetta Code programming chrestomathy --></html>' || '0A'X
DO FOREVER
ADDRESS SYSTEM 'nc -l 8080' WITH INPUT STEM response.
END
Ring
Load "guilib.ring"
cResponse = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n" +
"Content-Type: text/html\r\n\r\n" +
"<html><head><title>Goodbye, world!</title></head>" +
"<body>Goodbye, world!</body></html>"
cResponse = substr(cResponse,"\r\n",char(13)+char(10))
new qApp {
oServer = new Server { Server() }
exec()
}
Class Server
win1 lineedit1
oTcpServer oTcpClient
cOutput = ""
func server
win1 = new qwidget()
lineedit1 = new qtextedit(win1) {
setGeometry(150,50,200,300)
}
win1 {
setwindowtitle("Server")
setgeometry(450,100,400,400)
show()
}
oTcpServer = new qTcpServer(win1) {
setNewConnectionEvent("oServer.pNewConnection()")
oHostAddress = new qHostAddress()
oHostAddress.SetAddress("127.0.0.1")
listen(oHostAddress,8080)
}
cOutput = "Server Started" + nl +
"listen to port 8080" + nl
lineedit1.settext(cOutput)
Func pNewConnection
oTcpClient = oTcpServer.nextPendingConnection()
while not oTcpClient.waitForReadyRead(100) end
cOutput += "Accept Connection" + nl
lineedit1.settext(cOutput)
oTcpClient {
write(cResponse,len(cResponse))
flush()
waitforbyteswritten(300000)
close()
}Ruby
Using the WEBrick module from Ruby's standard library.
require 'webrick'
server = WEBrick::HTTPServer.new(:Port => 8080)
server.mount_proc('/') {|request, response| response.body = "Goodbye, World!"}
trap("INT") {server.shutdown}
server.start
Same code without trap, in a single statement using tap.
require 'webrick'
WEBrick::HTTPServer.new(:Port => 80).tap {|srv|
srv.mount_proc('/') {|request, response| response.body = "Goodbye, World!"}
}.start
Using the sinatra gem:
require 'sinatra'
get("/") { "Goodbye, World!" }
Run BASIC
html "Hello World!"Rust
Basically no error handling. This web server will simply panic if there is any sort of error.
use std::net::{Shutdown, TcpListener};
use std::thread;
use std::io::Write;
const RESPONSE: &'static [u8] = b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Bye-bye baby bye-bye</title>
<style>body { background-color: #111 }
h1 { font-size:4cm; text-align: center; color: black;
text-shadow: 0 0 2mm red}</style></head>
<body><h1>Goodbye, world!</h1></body></html>\r";
fn main() {
let listener = TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:8080").unwrap();
for stream in listener.incoming() {
thread::spawn(move || {
let mut stream = stream.unwrap();
match stream.write(RESPONSE) {
Ok(_) => println!("Response sent!"),
Err(e) => println!("Failed sending response: {}!", e),
}
stream.shutdown(Shutdown::Write).unwrap();
});
}
}
Rye
rye .needs { http }
new-server ":8080"
|handle "/" fn { r w } { write w "Goodbye, World!" }
|serve
Salmon
use "http.salm" : "http.si";
/* Don't do any logging. */
procedure log(...) { };
simple_http_server(8080, procedure(header, connection)
{ respond_text(connection, "Goodbye, World!"); });Scala
It shows that Scala can simply embed XML fragments.
import java.io.PrintWriter
import java.net.ServerSocket
object HelloWorld extends App {
val text =
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Hello world </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY LANG="en-US" BGCOLOR="#e6e6ff" DIR="LTR">
<P ALIGN="CENTER"> <FONT FACE="Arial, sans-serif" SIZE="6">Goodbye, World!</FONT> </P>
</BODY>
</HTML>
val port = 8080
val listener = new ServerSocket(port)
printf("Listening at port %1$d", port)
while (true) {
val sock = listener.accept()
new PrintWriter(sock.getOutputStream(), true).println(text)
sock.close()
}
}
Seed7
The code below was inspired by the example code for the function openInetListener.
$ include "seed7_05.s7i";
include "listener.s7i";
const proc: main is func
local
var listener: aListener is listener.value;
var file: sock is STD_NULL;
begin
aListener := openInetListener(8080);
listen(aListener, 10);
while TRUE do
sock := accept(aListener);
write(sock, "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\
\Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n\
\\r\n\
\<html><body>Hello, world!</body></html>\n");
close(sock);
end while;
end func;Sidef
Using the low-level Socket object:
var port = 8080;
var protocol = Socket.getprotobyname("tcp");
var sock = (Socket.open(Socket.PF_INET, Socket.SOCK_STREAM, protocol) || die "couldn't open a socket: #{$!}");
# PF_INET to indicate that this socket will connect to the internet domain
# SOCK_STREAM indicates a TCP stream, SOCK_DGRAM would indicate UDP communication
sock.setsockopt(Socket.SOL_SOCKET, Socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) || die "couldn't set socket options: #{$!}";
# SOL_SOCKET to indicate that we are setting an option on the socket instead of the protocol
# mark the socket reusable
sock.bind(Socket.sockaddr_in(port, Socket.INADDR_ANY)) || die "couldn't bind socket to port #{port}: #{$!}";
# bind our socket to $port, allowing any IP to connect
sock.listen(Socket.SOMAXCONN) || die "couldn't listen to port #{port}: #{$!}";
# start listening for incoming connections
while (var client = sock.accept) {
client.print ("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n" +
"Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\n" +
"<html><head><title>Goodbye, world!</title></head>" +
"<body>Goodbye, world!</body></html>\r\n");
client.close;
}
A more friendly interface, using the IO::Socket::INET library:
var inet = require('IO::Socket::INET');
var sock = inet.new( LocalAddr => "127.0.0.1:8080",
Listen => 1,
Reuse => 1,
);
while (var client = sock.accept) {
client.print ("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n" +
"Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\n" +
"<html><head><title>Goodbye, world!</title></head>" +
"<body>Goodbye, world!</body></html>\r\n");
client.close;
}
Smalltalk
starting server:
Smalltalk loadPackage:'stx:goodies/webServer'. "usually already loaded"
|myServer service|
myServer := HTTPServer startServerOnPort:8082.
service := HTTPPluggableActionService new.
service
register:[:request |
self halt: 'debugging'.
request reply:'<HTML><BODY><H1>Hello World</H1></BODY></HTML>'
]
as:'hello'.
service linkNames:#('/' ).
service registerServiceOn: myServer.
myServer start.
Be aware that the above is an ad-hoc minimal scripting example. Normally, a service subclass is used and response handlers are defined as methods of it (not as action blocks). Also, services and HTML generation is usually done using a framework (at least DOM-based, but usually a higher level toolkit). Especially take a look at smalltalk frameworks like Aida, Seaside, VisualWave etc.
Pharo Smalltalk
Pharo ships with the Zinc HTTP Component frameworks that includes a ZnServer class. Here's the simplest solution to start a web server:
(ZnServer startDefaultOn: 1701)
onRequestRespond: [ :request |
ZnResponse ok: (ZnEntity text: 'Hello World!') ].
To stop the server, use the following:
ZnServer stopDefault.
Standard ML
val txt = Word8VectorSlice.full (Byte.stringToBytes "hello world!" ) ;
fun serve listener portnr =
let
fun next () =
let
val (conn, conn_addr) = Socket.accept listener
in
case Posix.Process.fork () of
NONE =>
(
Socket.sendVec(conn, txt); Socket.close conn ;
OS.Process.exit OS.Process.success
)
| _ =>
(
Socket.close conn ;next ()
)
end
in (
Socket.Ctl.setREUSEADDR(listener, true);
Socket.bind(listener, INetSock.any portnr );
Socket.listen(listener, 9);
next ()
)
end handle x => (Socket.close listener; raise x)
;call - smlnj interpreter
- serve (INetSock.TCP.socket()) 8080 ;
result - shell
shell$ wget 127.0.0.1:8080 --2020-03-26 16:11:15-- htt p://127.0.0.1:8080/ Connecting to 127.0.0.1:8080... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 No headers, assuming HTTP/0.9 Length: unspecified Saving to: 'index.html' index.html [ <=> ] 12 --.-KB/s in 0s 2020-03-26 16:11:15 (721 KB/s) - 'index.html' saved [12] shell$ cat index.html hello world!
Tcl
Tcl 8.x
This version is adapted from the Tcler's Wiki.
proc accept {chan addr port} {
while {[gets $chan] ne ""} {}
puts $chan "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\nConnection: close\nContent-Type: text/plain\n"
puts $chan "Goodbye, World!"
close $chan
}
socket -server accept 8080
vwait forever
Jim Tcl
Jim is a small footprint reimplementation of Tcl with modern features.
set s [socket stream.server 127.0.0.1:8080]
$s readable {
set client [$s accept]
$client puts "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\nConnection: close\nContent-Type: text/plain\n"
$client puts "Hello, World!\n"
$client close
}
vwait done
UNIX Shell
while true; do { echo -e 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n'; echo 'Hello, World!'; } | nc -l 8080; done
Wart
with server_socket socket :port 4000
accepting client :from socket
making stdout outfile+fd.client
prn "HTTP/1.0 200 OK"
prn "Content-type: text/plain"
prn ""
prn "Hello, world!"
Wren
import "web" for Routes, App
Routes.GET("/") {
return "Goodbye, World!"
}
App.run(8080)
X86-64 Assembly
UASM 2.52
This SHOULD assemble on both Linux and Windows. (Tested on Arch, Don't have windows installed atm :[)
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; Crossplatform(?) Web Server example using UASM's OO Language extention
;;
;; Linux Build:
;; $ uasm -elf64 websrv.asm
;; $ gcc -o websrv websrv.o -no-pie
;; With MUSL libc
;; $ musl-gcc -o websrv websrv.o -e main -nostartfiles -no-pie
;;
;; Windows Build:
;; $ uasm64 -win64 websrv.asm
;; $ link /machine:x64 /subsystem:console /release websrv.obj
;; kernel32.lib msvcrt.lib ws2_32.lib
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
option casemap:none
option literals:on ;; Usually on by default buuuuuut...
WIN64 equ 1
LIN64 equ 3
ifndef __WEBSRV_CLASS__
__WEBSERV_CLASS__ equ 1
AF_INET equ 2
SOCK_STREAM equ 1
INADDR_ANY equ 0
in_addr struct
s_addr dd ?
in_addr ends
sockaddr struct
sa_family dw ?
sa_data db 14 dup (?)
sockaddr ends
sockaddr_in struct
sin_family dw ?
sin_port dw ?
sin_addr in_addr <?>
sin_zero db 8 dup (?)
sockaddr_in ends
WSADATA struct
wVersion dw ?
wHighVersion dw ?
iMaxSockets dw ?
iMaxUdpDg dw ?
szDescription db 256 dup (?)
szSystemStatus db 128 dup (?)
lpVendorInfo dq ?
WSADATA ends
;; Platform specific requirements etc..
if @Platform eq WIN64
;;include/includelibs can be used here. But this works too.
option dllimport:<kernel32>
ExitProcess proto ucode:dword
HeapAlloc proto fd:qword, flgs:dword, hlen:qword
HeapFree proto fd:qword, flgs:dword, lpmem:qword
GetProcessHeap proto
option dllimport:<msvcrt>
printf proto fmt:qword, args:VARARG
strlen proto buff:qword
option dllimport:<ws2_32>
WSAStartup proto ver:word, wsa:qword
WSACleanup proto wsa:qword
closesocket proto fd:dword
socket proto d:dword, s:dword, prtl:dword
bind proto fd:dword, saddr:qword, slen:dword
listen proto fd:dword, blog:dword
accept proto fd:dword, caddr:qword, slen:qword
send proto fd:dword, buff:qword, blen:dword, flgs:dword
option dllimport:none
exit equ ExitProcess
close equ closesocket
elseif @Platform eq LIN64
;; Required proto from Libc stuff.
malloc proto SYSTEMV mem:qword ;; Required by the class macros.
free proto SYSTEMV mem:qword ;; It uses HeapAlloc on windows.
printf proto SYSTEMV fmt:qword, args:VARARG
strlen proto SYSTEMV buff:qword
socket proto SYSTEMV d:dword, s:dword, prtl:dword
bind proto SYSTEMV fd:dword, saddr:qword, slen:dword
listen proto SYSTEMV fd:dword, blog:dword
accept proto SYSTEMV fd:dword, saddr:qword, slen:qword
send proto SYSTEMV fd:dword, buff:qword, blen:dword, flgs:dword
close proto SYSTEMV fd:dword
exit proto SYSTEMV uexit:dword
else
;; Could do some OSX or w/e specific crap, but I don't use
;; a Mac so, I dunno shit about it's API :]
endif
;; Class definitions etc..
CLASS websrv
;; Class Method definitions
CMETHOD serve
ENDMETHODS
;; Class Variables.
if @Platform eq WIN64
wsa WSADATA <?>
endif
tmpl db "[websrv->%s] - %s",10,0
http db "HTTP/1.1 200 OK",13,10,
"Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8",13,10,13,10,
"<html><head><title>Goodbye</title></head><body>Goodbye, World!</body></html>",0
sock dd 0
port dw 8080
ENDCLASS
pwebsrv typedef ptr websrv
;; Method implementation..
; Syntax:
; METHOD ClassName, MethodName, <ReturnType>, <USE extra regs for ret>, args..
METHOD websrv, Init, <VOIDARG>, <>
local x:sockaddr_in
mov rbx, thisPtr ;; Force the ThisPtr reference reg to be RBX 'cause of windoze
assume rbx:ptr websrv ;; its default is RCX, and RDI on linux. *shrugs*
invoke printf, addr [rbx].tmpl,CSTR("init"), CSTR("Starting...")
if @Platform eq WIN64
invoke WSAStartup, 200h, addr [rbx].wsa
endif
invoke socket, AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0
.if rax == -1
invoke printf, addr [rbx].tmpl, CSTR("init:ERROR"), CSTR("Socket() returned < 0")
mov rax, rbx
ret
.endif
mov [rbx].sock, eax
invoke printf, CSTR("[websrv->init:socket] - %d",10), eax
mov x.sin_family, AF_INET
mov x.sin_addr.s_addr, INADDR_ANY
mov ax, [rbx].port
xchg al,ah
mov x.sin_port, ax
invoke bind, [rbx].sock, addr x, sizeof(x)
.if eax == -1
invoke printf, addr [rbx].tmpl, CSTR("init:ERROR") , CSTR("Bind failed.")
xor eax, eax
mov [rbx].sock, 0
mov rax, rbx
ret
.endif
invoke printf, addr [rbx].tmpl, CSTR("init"), CSTR("Bind successful.")
mov rax, rbx
assume rbx: nothing
ret
ENDMETHOD
METHOD websrv, serve, <VOIDARG>, <>
local tmp:qword
local cfd:dword
local x:sockaddr
mov rbx, thisPtr
assume rbx:ptr websrv
.if [rbx].sock == 0
ret
.endif
invoke printf, addr [rbx].tmpl,CSTR("serve"), CSTR("Listening for incomming connections")
invoke listen, [rbx].sock, 5
.if rax == -1
invoke printf, addr [rbx].tmpl, CSTR("serve:ERROR"), CSTR("Listen() returned -1")
ret
.endif
.while(1)
mov tmp, sizeof(x)
invoke accept, [rbx].sock, addr x, addr tmp
.if eax == -1
invoke printf, addr [rbx].tmpl, CSTR("serve:ERROR"), CSTR("Accept() returned -1")
ret
.endif
mov cfd, eax
invoke printf, addr [rbx].tmpl, CSTR("serve"), CSTR("Connection established.")
invoke strlen, addr [rbx].http
invoke send, cfd, addr [rbx].http, eax , 0
invoke close, cfd
.endw
assume rbx:nothing
ret
ENDMETHOD
METHOD websrv, Destroy, <VOIDARG>, <>
mov rbx, thisPtr
assume rbx:ptr websrv
invoke printf, addr [rbx].tmpl,CSTR("destroy"), CSTR("Calling Close and exit.")
invoke close, [rbx].sock
if @Platform eq WIN64
invoke WSACleanup, addr [rbx].wsa
endif
assume rbx:nothing
invoke exit, 0
ret
ENDMETHOD
endif ;; __WEBSRV_CLASS__
;; Start of main run code...
.code
main proc
local server:ptr websrv
mov server, _NEW(websrv)
server->serve()
_DELETE(server)
ret
main endp
end
zkl
A threaded web server that returns "Goodbye, World!" for every request
const PORT=8080;
const SERVLET_THREADS=4;
// A class to process requests from clients (eg browsers)
// in a thread. Requests are received via a pipe, which feeds
// all Servlet threads.
class Servlet{
fcn init(jobPipe){ self.launch(jobPipe); }
fcn liftoff(jobPipe){
while(1){ // read request, write response, repeat
socket:=jobPipe.read();
if(socket.wait(60) != 1) // what is Chrome doing?
{ socket.close(); continue; }
if (request:=socket.read())
try{ processRequest(request,socket); } catch{}
}
}
fcn splashdown(h,e){ println("Servlet died before its time"); }
}
fcn processRequest(request,socket){
response:=responseHeader();
response+="Goodbye, World!";
socket.write(response); socket.close(); // no Keep-Alive
}
fcn responseHeader(status=200,reason="OK"){
String(
"HTTP/1.0 ",status," ",reason,"\r\n",
Time.Date.httpDate(),"\r\n"
"Server: ZTWS (zkl)\r\n"
"Connection: close\r\n"
"Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n"
"\r\n")
}
//////////////////// Start the server ///////////////////////
var jobPipe=Thread.Pipe(); // a queue of requests
do(SERVLET_THREADS){ Servlet(jobPipe) } // start threads
// Create the HTTP server listen socket
// Sits here forever passing client HTTP connects to Servlets
serverSocket:=Network.TCPServerSocket.open(PORT);
println("HTTP server started at http://",
serverSocket.hostname, ":", serverSocket.port);
serverSocket.listen(jobPipe);Categories:
- Programming Tasks
- Networking and Web Interaction
- Web
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