Wireworld
Wireworld is a cellular automaton with some similarities to Conway's Game of Life.
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
It is capable of doing sophisticated computations with appropriate programs (it is actually Turing complete), and is much simpler to program for.
A Wireworld arena consists of a Cartesian grid of cells, each of which can be in one of four states. All cell transitions happen simultaneously.
The cell transition rules are this:
Input State Output State Condition empty empty electron head electron tail electron tail conductor conductor electron head if 1 or 2 cells in the neighborhood of the cell are in the state “electron head” conductor conductor otherwise
- Task
Create a program that reads a Wireworld program from a file and displays an animation of the processing. Here is a sample description file (using "H" for an electron head, "t" for a tail, "." for a conductor and a space for empty) you may wish to test with, which demonstrates two cycle-3 generators and an inhibit gate:
tH......... . . ... . . Ht.. ......
While text-only implementations of this task are possible, mapping cells to pixels is advisable if you wish to be able to display large designs. The logic is not significantly more complex.
11l
<lang 11l>V allstates = ‘Ht. ’ V head = allstates[0] V tail = allstates[1] V conductor = allstates[2] V empty = allstates[3]
V w = |‘tH.........
. . ... . . Ht.. ......’
T WW
Char world Int w Int h F (world, w, h) .world = world .w = w .h = h
F readfile(f)
V world = f.map(row -> row.rtrim(Array[Char]("\r\n"))) V height = world.len V width = max(world.map(row -> row.len)) V nonrow = [‘ ’(‘ ’ * width)‘ ’] V world2 = nonrow [+] world.map(row -> ‘ ’String(row).ljust(@width)‘ ’) [+] nonrow V world3 = world2.map(row -> Array(row)) R WW(world3, width, height)
F newcell(currentworld, x, y)
V istate = currentworld[y][x] assert(istate C :allstates, ‘Wireworld cell set to unknown value "#."’.format(istate)) V ostate = :empty I istate == :head ostate = :tail E I istate == :tail ostate = :conductor E I istate == :empty ostate = :empty E V n = sum([(-1, -1), (-1, +0), (-1, +1), (+0, -1), (+0, +1), (+1, -1), (+1, +0), (+1, +1)].map((dx, dy) -> Int(@currentworld[@y + dy][@x + dx] == :head))) ostate = I n C 1..2 {:head} E :conductor R ostate
F nextgen(ww)
V (world, width, height) = ww V newworld = copy(world) L(x) 1 .. width L(y) 1 .. height newworld[y][x] = newcell(world, x, y) R WW(newworld, width, height)
F world2string(ww)
R ww.world[1 .< (len)-1].map(row -> (row[1 .< (len)-1]).join(‘’).rtrim((‘ ’, "\t", "\r", "\n"))).join("\n")
V ww = readfile(w.split("\n"))
L(gen) 10
print(("\n#3 ".format(gen))‘’(‘=’ * (ww.w - 4))"\n") print(world2string(ww)) ww = nextgen(ww)</lang>
- Output:
0 ======= tH......... . . ... . . Ht.. ...... 1 ======= .tH........ H . ... H . t... ...... 2 ======= H.tH....... t . ... t . .H.. ...... 3 ======= tH.tH...... . H ... . . HtH. ...... 4 ======= .tH.tH..... H t HHH H . t.tH ...... 5 ======= H.tH.tH.... t . ttt t . .H.t ...... 6 ======= tH.tH.tH... . H ... . . HtH. ...... 7 ======= .tH.tH.tH.. H t HHH H . t.tH ...... 8 ======= H.tH.tH.tH. t . ttt t . .H.t ...... 9 ======= tH.tH.tH.tH . H ... . . HtH. ......
Ada
<lang Ada>with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
procedure Test_Wireworld is
type Cell is (' ', 'H', 't', '.'); type Board is array (Positive range <>, Positive range <>) of Cell; -- Perform one transition of the cellular automation procedure Wireworld (State : in out Board) is function "abs" (Left : Cell) return Natural is begin if Left = 'H' then return 1; else return 0; end if; end "abs"; Above : array (State'Range (2)) of Cell := (others => ' '); Left : Cell := ' '; Current : Cell; begin for I in State'First (1) + 1..State'Last (1) - 1 loop for J in State'First (2) + 1..State'Last (2) - 1 loop Current := State (I, J); case Current is when ' ' => null; when 'H' => State (I, J) := 't'; when 't' => State (I, J) := '.'; when '.' => if abs Above ( J - 1) + abs Above ( J) + abs Above ( J + 1) + abs Left + abs State (I, J + 1) + abs State (I + 1, J - 1) + abs State (I + 1, J) + abs State (I + 1, J + 1) in 1..2 then State (I, J) := 'H'; else State (I, J) := '.'; end if; end case; Above (J - 1) := Left; Left := Current; end loop; end loop; end Wireworld; -- Print state of the automation procedure Put (State : Board) is begin for I in State'First (1) + 1..State'Last (1) - 1 loop for J in State'First (2) + 1..State'Last (2) - 1 loop case State (I, J) is when ' ' => Put (' '); when 'H' => Put ('H'); when 't' => Put ('t'); when '.' => Put ('.'); end case; end loop; New_Line; end loop; end Put; Oscillator : Board := (" ", " tH ", " . .... ", " .. ", " ");
begin
for Step in 0..9 loop Put_Line ("Step" & Integer'Image (Step) & " ---------"); Put (Oscillator); Wireworld (Oscillator); end loop;
end Test_Wireworld;</lang> The solution assumes that the border of the board is empty. When transition is performed these cells are not changed. Automation transition is an in-place operation that allocates memory for to keep one row of the board size.
Step 0 --------- tH . .... .. Step 1 --------- .t . H... .. Step 2 --------- .. . tH.. .H Step 3 --------- .. . .tH. Ht Step 4 --------- .. H ..tH t. Step 5 --------- H. t ...t .. Step 6 --------- tH . .... .. Step 7 --------- .t . H... .. Step 8 --------- .. . tH.. .H Step 9 --------- .. . .tH. Ht
ALGOL 68
- note: This specimen retains the original python coding style.
<lang algol68>CO Wireworld implementation. CO
PROC exception = ([]STRING args)VOID:(
putf(stand error, ($"Exception"$, $", "g$, args, $l$)); stop
);
PROC assertion error = (STRING message)VOID:exception(("assertion error", message));
MODE CELL = CHAR; MODE WORLD = FLEX[0, 0]CELL; CELL head="H", tail="t", conductor=".", empty = " "; STRING all states := empty;
BOOL wrap = FALSE; # is the world round? #
STRING nl := REPR 10;
STRING in string :=
"tH........."+nl+ ". ."+nl+ " ..."+nl+ ". ."+nl+ "Ht.. ......"+nl
OP +:= = (REF FLEX[]FLEX[]CELL lines, FLEX[]CELL line)VOID:(
[UPB lines + 1]FLEX[0]CELL new lines; new lines[:UPB lines]:=lines; lines := new lines; lines[UPB lines]:=line
);
PROC read file = (REF FILE in file)WORLD: (
# file > initial world configuration" # FLEX[0]CELL line; FLEX[0]FLEX[0]CELL lines; INT upb x:=0, upb y := 0; BEGIN # on physical file end(in file, exit read line); # make term(in file, nl); FOR x TO 5 DO get(in file, (line, new line)); upb x := x; IF UPB line > upb y THEN upb y := UPB line FI; lines +:= line OD; exit read line: SKIP END; [upb x, upb y]CELL out; FOR x TO UPB out DO out[x,]:=lines[x]+" "*(upb y-UPB lines[x]) OD; out
);
PROC new cell = (WORLD current world, INT x, y)CELL: (
CELL istate := current world[x, y]; IF INT pos; char in string (istate, pos, all states); pos IS REF INT(NIL) THEN assertion error("Wireworld cell set to unknown value "+istate) FI; IF istate = head THEN tail ELIF istate = tail THEN conductor ELIF istate = empty THEN empty ELSE # istate = conductor # [][]INT dxy list = ( (-1,-1), (-1,+0), (-1,+1), (+0,-1), (+0,+1), (+1,-1), (+1,+0), (+1,+1) ); INT n := 0; FOR enum dxy TO UPB dxy list DO []INT dxy = dxy list[enum dxy]; IF wrap THEN INT px = ( x + dxy[1] - 1 ) MOD 1 UPB current world + 1; INT py = ( y + dxy[2] - 1 ) MOD 2 UPB current world + 1; n +:= ABS (current world[px, py] = head) ELSE INT px = x + dxy[1]; INT py = y + dxy[2]; IF px >= 1 LWB current world AND px <= 1 UPB current world AND py >= 2 LWB current world AND py <= 2 UPB current world THEN n +:= ABS (current world[px, py] = head) FI FI OD; IF 1 <= n AND n <= 2 THEN head ELSE conductor FI FI
);
PROC next gen = (WORLD world)WORLD:(
# compute next generation of wireworld # WORLD new world := world; FOR x TO 1 UPB world DO FOR y TO 2 UPB world DO new world[x,y] := new cell(world, x, y) OD OD; new world
);
PROC world2string = (WORLD world) STRING:(
STRING out:=""; FOR x TO UPB world DO out +:= world[x,]+nl OD; out
);
FILE in file; associate(in file, in string);
WORLD ww := read file(in file); close(in file);
FOR gen TO 10 DO
printf ( ($lg(-3)" "$, gen-1, $g$,"="* (2 UPB ww-4), $l$)); print ( world2string(ww) ); ww := next gen(ww)
OD</lang>
- Output:
0 ======= tH......... . . ... . . Ht.. ...... 1 ======= .tH........ H . ... H . t... ...... 2 ======= H.tH....... t . ... t . .H.. ...... 3 ======= tH.tH...... . H ... . . HtH. ...... 4 ======= .tH.tH..... H t HHH H . t.tH ...... 5 ======= H.tH.tH.... t . ttt t . .H.t ...... 6 ======= tH.tH.tH... . H ... . . HtH. ...... 7 ======= .tH.tH.tH.. H t HHH H . t.tH ...... 8 ======= H.tH.tH.tH. t . ttt t . .H.t ...... 9 ======= tH.tH.tH.tH . H ... . . HtH. ......
AutoHotkey
Demo gif - Link, since uploads seem to be disabled currently.
<lang AutoHotkey>#SingleInstance, Force
- NoEnv
SetBatchLines, -1 File := "Wireworld.txt" CellSize := 20 CellSize2 := CellSize - 2 C1 := 0xff000000 C2 := 0xff0066ff C3 := 0xffd40055 C4 := 0xffffcc00
if (!FileExist(File)) { MsgBox, % "File(" File ") is not present." ExitApp }
- Uncomment if Gdip.ahk is not in your standard library
- #Include, Gdip.ahk
If !pToken := Gdip_Startup(){ MsgBox, 48, Gdiplus error!, Gdiplus failed to start. Please ensure you have Gdiplus on your system. ExitApp } OnExit, Exit
A := [], Width := 0 Loop, Read, % File { Row := A_Index Loop, Parse, A_LoopReadLine { if (A_Index > Width) Width := A_Index if (A_LoopField = A_Space) continue A[Row, A_Index] := A_LoopField } }
Width := Width * CellSize + 2 * CellSize , Height := Row * CellSize + 2 * CellSize , Row := "" , TopLeftX := (A_ScreenWidth - Width) // 2 , TopLeftY := (A_ScreenHeight - Height) // 2
Gui, 1: -Caption +E0x80000 +LastFound +AlwaysOnTop +ToolWindow +OwnDialogs Gui, 1: Show, NA
hwnd1 := WinExist() , hbm := CreateDIBSection(Width, Height) , hdc := CreateCompatibleDC() , obm := SelectObject(hdc, hbm) , G := Gdip_GraphicsFromHDC(hdc) , Gdip_SetSmoothingMode(G, 4)
Loop { pBrush := Gdip_BrushCreateSolid(C1) , Gdip_FillRectangle(G, pBrush, 0, 0, Width, Height) , Gdip_DeleteBrush(pBrush)
for RowNum, Row in A for CellNum, Cell in Row C := Cell = "H" ? C2 : Cell = "t" ? C3 : C4 , pBrush := Gdip_BrushCreateSolid(C) , Gdip_FillRectangle(G, pBrush, CellNum * CellSize + 1, RowNum * CellSize - 2, CellSize2, CellSize2) , Gdip_DeleteBrush(pBrush)
UpdateLayeredWindow(hwnd1, hdc, TopLeftX, TopLeftY, Width, Height)
, Gdip_GraphicsClear(G)
, A := NextState(A)
Sleep, 600
}
NextState(A) { B := {} for RowNum, Row in A { for CellNum, Cell in Row { if (Cell = "H") B[RowNum, CellNum] := "t" else if (Cell = "t") B[RowNum, CellNum] := "." else if (Cell = ".") { H_Count := 0 Loop 3 { Y := RowNum - 2 + A_Index Loop, 3 { X := CellNum - 2 + A_Index if (A[Y, X] = "H") H_Count++ } } if (H_Count = 1 || H_Count = 2) B[RowNum, CellNum] := "H" else B[RowNum, CellNum] := "." } } } return B }
p::Pause
Esc:: Exit: Gdip_Shutdown(pToken) ExitApp</lang>
AutoIt
<lang autoit> $ww = "" $ww &= "tH........." & @CR $ww &= ". . " & @CR $ww &= " ... " & @CR $ww &= ". . " & @CR $ww &= "Ht.. ......" $rows = StringSplit($ww, @CR) $cols = StringSplit($rows[1], "") Global $Wireworldarray[$rows[0]][$cols[0]] For $I = 1 To $rows[0] $cols = StringSplit($rows[$I], "") For $k = 1 To $cols[0] $Wireworldarray[$I - 1][$k - 1] = $cols[$k] Next Next Wireworld($Wireworldarray) Func Wireworld($array) Local $labelarray = $array Local $Top = 0, $Left = 0 $hFui = GUICreate("Wireworld", UBound($array, 2) * 25, UBound($array) * 25) For $I = 0 To UBound($array) - 1 For $k = 0 To UBound($array, 2) - 1 Switch $array[$I][$k] Case "t" ; Tail $labelarray[$I][$k] = GUICtrlCreateButton("", $Left, $Top, 25, 25) GUICtrlSetBkColor($labelarray[$I][$k], 0xFF0000) Case "h" ; Head $labelarray[$I][$k] = GUICtrlCreateButton("", $Left, $Top, 25, 25) GUICtrlSetBkColor($labelarray[$I][$k], 0x0000FF) Case "." ; Conductor $labelarray[$I][$k] = GUICtrlCreateButton("", $Left, $Top, 25, 25) GUICtrlSetBkColor($labelarray[$I][$k], 0xFFFF00) Case " " ; Empty $labelarray[$I][$k] = GUICtrlCreateButton("", $Left, $Top, 25, 25) GUICtrlSetBkColor($labelarray[$I][$k], 0x000000) EndSwitch $Left += 25 Next $Left = 0 $Top += 25 Next GUISetState() Local $nextsteparray = $array While 1 $msg = GUIGetMsg() $array = $nextsteparray Sleep(250) For $I = 0 To UBound($array) - 1 For $k = 0 To UBound($array, 2) - 1 If $array[$I][$k] = " " Then ContinueLoop If $array[$I][$k] = "h" Then $nextsteparray[$I][$k] = "t" If $array[$I][$k] = "t" Then $nextsteparray[$I][$k] = "." If $array[$I][$k] = "." Then $counter = 0 If $I - 1 >= 0 Then ; Top If $array[$I - 1][$k] = "h" Then $counter += 1 EndIf If $k - 1 >= 0 Then ; left If $array[$I][$k - 1] = "h" Then $counter += 1 EndIf If $I + 1 <= UBound($array) - 1 Then ; Bottom If $array[$I + 1][$k] = "h" Then $counter += 1 EndIf If $k + 1 <= UBound($array, 2) - 1 Then ;Right If $array[$I][$k + 1] = "h" Then $counter += 1 EndIf If $I - 1 >= 0 And $k - 1 >= 0 Then ; left Top If $array[$I - 1][$k - 1] = "h" Then $counter += 1 EndIf If $I + 1 <= UBound($array) - 1 And $k + 1 <= UBound($array, 2) - 1 Then ; Right Bottom If $array[$I + 1][$k + 1] = "h" Then $counter += 1 EndIf If $I + 1 <= UBound($array) - 1 And $k - 1 >= 0 Then ;Left Bottom If $array[$I + 1][$k - 1] = "h" Then $counter += 1 EndIf If $I - 1 >= 0 And $k + 1 <= UBound($array, 2) - 1 Then ; Top Right If $array[$I - 1][$k + 1] = "h" Then $counter += 1 EndIf If $counter = 1 Or $counter = 2 Then $nextsteparray[$I][$k] = "h" EndIf Next Next For $I = 0 To UBound($nextsteparray) - 1 For $k = 0 To UBound($nextsteparray, 2) - 1 Switch $nextsteparray[$I][$k] Case "t" ; Tail GUICtrlSetBkColor($labelarray[$I][$k], 0xFF0000) Case "h" ; Head GUICtrlSetBkColor($labelarray[$I][$k], 0x0000FF) Case "." ; Conductor GUICtrlSetBkColor($labelarray[$I][$k], 0xFFFF00) Case " " ; Empty GUICtrlSetBkColor($labelarray[$I][$k], 0x000000) EndSwitch $Left += 25 Next $Left = 0 $Top += 25 Next If $msg = -3 Then Exit WEnd EndFunc ;==>Wireworld </lang>
BBC BASIC
<lang bbcbasic> Size% = 20
DIM P&(Size%-1,Size%-1), Q&(Size%-1,Size%-1) VDU 23,22,Size%*8;Size%*8;64,64,16,0 OFF DATA "tH........." DATA ". . " DATA " ... " DATA ". . " DATA "Ht.. ......" FOR Y% = 12 TO 8 STEP -1 READ A$ FOR X% = 1 TO LEN(A$) P&(X%+4, Y%) = ASCMID$(A$, X%, 1) AND 15 NEXT NEXT Y% COLOUR 8,0,0,255 : REM Electron head = blue COLOUR 4,255,0,0 : REM Electron tail = red COLOUR 14,255,200,0 : REM Conductor orange REPEAT FOR Y% = 1 TO Size%-2 FOR X% = 1 TO Size%-2 IF P&(X%,Y%)<>Q&(X%,Y%) GCOL P&(X%,Y%) : PLOT X%*16, Y%*16 CASE P&(X%,Y%) OF WHEN 0: Q&(X%,Y%) = 0 WHEN 8: Q&(X%,Y%) = 4 WHEN 4: Q&(X%,Y%) = 14 WHEN 14: T% = (P&(X%+1,Y%)=8) + (P&(X%+1,Y%+1)=8) + (P&(X%+1,Y%-1)=8) + \ \ (P&(X%-1,Y%)=8) + (P&(X%-1,Y%+1)=8) + (P&(X%-1,Y%-1)=8) + \ \ (P&(X%,Y%-1)=8) + (P&(X%,Y%+1)=8) IF T%=-1 OR T%=-2 THEN Q&(X%,Y%) = 8 ELSE Q&(X%,Y%) = 14 ENDCASE NEXT NEXT Y% SWAP P&(), Q&() WAIT 50 UNTIL FALSE</lang>
C
For big graphics version, see: Wireworld/C
Text version with optional animation on POSIX systems:
Compile with -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=199309L
or greater to make nanosleep
visible in <time.h>
.
<lang c>/* 2009-09-27 <kaz@kylheku.com> */
- define ANIMATE_VT100_POSIX
- include <stdio.h>
- include <string.h>
- ifdef ANIMATE_VT100_POSIX
- include <time.h>
- endif
char world_7x14[2][512] = {
{ "+-----------+\n" "|tH.........|\n" "|. . |\n" "| ... |\n" "|. . |\n" "|Ht.. ......|\n" "+-----------+\n" }
};
void next_world(const char *in, char *out, int w, int h) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < w*h; i++) { switch (in[i]) { case ' ': out[i] = ' '; break; case 't': out[i] = '.'; break; case 'H': out[i] = 't'; break; case '.': { int hc = (in[i-w-1] == 'H') + (in[i-w] == 'H') + (in[i-w+1] == 'H') + (in[i-1] == 'H') + (in[i+1] == 'H') + (in[i+w-1] == 'H') + (in[i+w] == 'H') + (in[i+w+1] == 'H'); out[i] = (hc == 1 || hc == 2) ? 'H' : '.'; break; } default: out[i] = in[i]; } } out[i] = in[i];
}
int main() {
int f;
for (f = 0; ; f = 1 - f) { puts(world_7x14[f]); next_world(world_7x14[f], world_7x14[1-f], 14, 7);
- ifdef ANIMATE_VT100_POSIX
printf("\x1b[%dA", 8); printf("\x1b[%dD", 14); { static const struct timespec ts = { 0, 100000000 }; nanosleep(&ts, 0); }
- endif
}
return 0;
}</lang>
C#
See: Wireworld/C sharp
C++
(for graphics)
(for usleep)
<lang cpp>#include <ggi/ggi.h>
- include <set>
- include <map>
- include <utility>
- include <iostream>
- include <fstream>
- include <string>
- include <unistd.h> // for usleep
enum cell_type { none, wire, head, tail };
// ***************** // * display class * // *****************
// this is just a small wrapper for the ggi interface
class display { public:
display(int sizex, int sizey, int pixsizex, int pixsizey, ggi_color* colors); ~display() { ggiClose(visual); ggiExit(); }
void flush(); bool keypressed() { return ggiKbhit(visual); } void clear(); void putpixel(int x, int y, cell_type c);
private:
ggi_visual_t visual; int size_x, size_y; int pixel_size_x, pixel_size_y; ggi_pixel pixels[4];
};
display::display(int sizex, int sizey, int pixsizex, int pixsizey,
ggi_color* colors): pixel_size_x(pixsizex), pixel_size_y(pixsizey)
{
if (ggiInit() < 0) { std::cerr << "couldn't open ggi\n"; exit(1); }
visual = ggiOpen(NULL); if (!visual) { ggiPanic("couldn't open visual\n"); }
ggi_mode mode; if (ggiCheckGraphMode(visual, sizex, sizey, GGI_AUTO, GGI_AUTO, GT_4BIT, &mode) != 0) { if (GT_DEPTH(mode.graphtype) < 2) // we need 4 colors! ggiPanic("low-color displays are not supported!\n"); } if (ggiSetMode(visual, &mode) != 0) { ggiPanic("couldn't set graph mode\n"); } ggiAddFlags(visual, GGIFLAG_ASYNC);
size_x = mode.virt.x; size_y = mode.virt.y;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) pixels[i] = ggiMapColor(visual, colors+i);
}
void display::flush() {
// set the current display frame to the one we have drawn to ggiSetDisplayFrame(visual, ggiGetWriteFrame(visual));
// flush the current visual ggiFlush(visual);
// try to set a different frame for drawing (errors are ignored; if // setting the new frame fails, the current one will be drawn upon, // with the only adverse effect being some flickering). ggiSetWriteFrame(visual, 1-ggiGetDisplayFrame(visual));
}
void display::clear() {
ggiSetGCForeground(visual, pixels[0]); ggiDrawBox(visual, 0, 0, size_x, size_y);
}
void display::putpixel(int x, int y, cell_type cell) {
// this draws a logical pixel (i.e. a rectangle of size pixel_size_x // times pixel_size_y), not a physical pixel ggiSetGCForeground(visual, pixels[cell]); ggiDrawBox(visual, x*pixel_size_x, y*pixel_size_y, pixel_size_x, pixel_size_y);
}
// ***************** // * the wireworld * // *****************
// initialized to an empty wireworld class wireworld { public:
void set(int posx, int posy, cell_type type); void draw(display& destination); void step();
private:
typedef std::pair<int, int> position; typedef std::set<position> position_set; typedef position_set::iterator positer; position_set wires, heads, tails;
};
void wireworld::set(int posx, int posy, cell_type type) {
position p(posx, posy); wires.erase(p); heads.erase(p); tails.erase(p); switch(type) { case head: heads.insert(p); break; case tail: tails.insert(p); break; case wire: wires.insert(p); break; }
}
void wireworld::draw(display& destination) {
destination.clear(); for (positer i = heads.begin(); i != heads.end(); ++i) destination.putpixel(i->first, i->second, head); for (positer i = tails.begin(); i != tails.end(); ++i) destination.putpixel(i->first, i->second, tail); for (positer i = wires.begin(); i != wires.end(); ++i) destination.putpixel(i->first, i->second, wire); destination.flush();
}
void wireworld::step() {
std::map<position, int> new_heads; for (positer i = heads.begin(); i != heads.end(); ++i) for (int dx = -1; dx <= 1; ++dx) for (int dy = -1; dy <= 1; ++dy) { position pos(i->first + dx, i->second + dy); if (wires.count(pos)) new_heads[pos]++; } wires.insert(tails.begin(), tails.end()); tails.swap(heads); heads.clear(); for (std::map<position, int>::iterator i = new_heads.begin(); i != new_heads.end(); ++i) {
// std::cout << i->second;
if (i->second < 3) { wires.erase(i->first); heads.insert(i->first); } }
}
ggi_color colors[4] =
{{ 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000 }, // background: black { 0x8000, 0x8000, 0x8000 }, // wire: white { 0xffff, 0xffff, 0x0000 }, // electron head: yellow { 0xffff, 0x0000, 0x0000 }}; // electron tail: red
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
int display_x = 800; int display_y = 600; int pixel_x = 5; int pixel_y = 5;
if (argc < 2) { std::cerr << "No file name given!\n"; return 1; }
// assume that the first argument is the name of a file to parse std::ifstream f(argv[1]); wireworld w; std::string line; int line_number = 0; while (std::getline(f, line)) { for (int col = 0; col < line.size(); ++col) { switch (line[col]) { case 'h': case 'H': w.set(col, line_number, head); break; case 't': case 'T': w.set(col, line_number, tail); break; case 'w': case 'W': case '.': w.set(col, line_number, wire); break; default: std::cerr << "unrecognized character: " << line[col] << "\n"; return 1; case ' ': ; // no need to explicitly set this, so do nothing } } ++line_number; }
display d(display_x, display_y, pixel_x, pixel_y, colors);
w.draw(d);
while (!d.keypressed()) { usleep(100000); w.step(); w.draw(d); } std::cout << std::endl;
}</lang>
Ceylon
<lang ceylon>abstract class Cell(shared Character char) of emptyCell | head | tail | conductor {
shared Cell output({Cell*} neighbors) => switch (this) case (emptyCell) emptyCell case (head) tail case (tail) conductor case (conductor) (neighbors.count(head.equals) in 1..2 then head else conductor);
string => char.string;
}
object emptyCell extends Cell(' ') {}
object head extends Cell('H') {}
object tail extends Cell('t') {}
object conductor extends Cell('.') {}
Map<Character,Cell> cellsByChar = map { for (cell in `Cell`.caseValues) cell.char->cell };
class Wireworld(String data) {
value lines = data.lines;
value width = max(lines*.size); value height = lines.size;
function toIndex(Integer x, Integer y) => x + y * width;
variable value currentState = Array.ofSize(width * height, emptyCell); variable value nextState = Array.ofSize(width * height, emptyCell);
for (j->line in lines.indexed) { for (i->char in line.indexed) { currentState[toIndex(i, j)] = cellsByChar[char] else emptyCell; } }
value emptyGrid = Array.ofSize(width * height, emptyCell); void clear(Array<Cell> cells) => emptyGrid.copyTo(cells);
shared void update() { clear(nextState); for(j in 0:height) { for(i in 0:width) { if(exists cell = currentState[toIndex(i, j)]) { value nextCell = cell.output(neighborhood(currentState, i, j)); nextState[toIndex(i, j)] = nextCell; } } } value temp = currentState; currentState = nextState; nextState = temp; }
shared void display() { for (row in currentState.partition(width)) { print("".join(row)); } }
shared {Cell*} neighborhood(Array<Cell> grid, Integer x, Integer y) => { for (j in y - 1..y + 1) for (i in x - 1..x + 1) if(i in 0:width && j in 0:height) grid[toIndex(i, j)] }.coalesced;
}
shared void run() {
value data = "tH......... . . ... . . Ht.. ......";
value world = Wireworld(data);
variable value generation = 0;
void display() { print("generation: ``generation``"); world.display(); }
display();
while (true) { if (exists input = process.readLine(), input.lowercased == "q") { return; } world.update(); generation++; display();
}
} </lang>
Common Lisp
<lang lisp>(defun electron-neighbors (wireworld row col)
(destructuring-bind (rows cols) (array-dimensions wireworld) (loop for off-row from (max 0 (1- row)) to (min (1- rows) (1+ row)) sum (loop for off-col from (max 0 (1- col)) to (min (1- cols) (1+ col)) count (and (not (and (= off-row row) (= off-col col))) (eq 'electron-head (aref wireworld off-row off-col)))))))
(defun wireworld-next-generation (wireworld)
(destructuring-bind (rows cols) (array-dimensions wireworld) (let ((backing (make-array (list rows cols)))) (do ((c 0 (if (= c (1- cols)) 0 (1+ c))) (r 0 (if (= c (1- cols)) (1+ r) r))) ((= r rows)) (setf (aref backing r c) (aref wireworld r c))) (do ((c 0 (if (= c (1- cols)) 0 (1+ c))) (r 0 (if (= c (1- cols)) (1+ r) r))) ((= r rows)) (setf (aref wireworld r c) (case (aref backing r c) (electron-head 'electron-tail) (electron-tail 'conductor) (conductor (case (electron-neighbors backing r c) ((1 2) 'electron-head) (otherwise 'conductor))) (otherwise nil)))))))
(defun print-wireworld (wireworld)
(destructuring-bind (rows cols) (array-dimensions wireworld) (do ((r 0 (1+ r))) ((= r rows)) (do ((c 0 (1+ c))) ((= c cols)) (format t "~C" (case (aref wireworld r c) (electron-head #\H) (electron-tail #\t) (conductor #\.) (otherwise #\Space)))) (format t "~&"))))
(defun wireworld-show-gens (wireworld n)
(dotimes (m n) (terpri) (wireworld-next-generation wireworld) (print-wireworld wireworld)))
(defun ww-char-to-symbol (char)
(ecase char (#\Space 'nil) (#\. 'conductor) (#\t 'electron-tail) (#\H 'electron-head)))
(defun make-wireworld (image)
"Make a wireworld grid from a list of strings (rows) of equal length
(columns), each character being ' ', '.', 'H', or 't'."
(make-array (list (length image) (length (first image))) :initial-contents (mapcar (lambda (s) (map 'list #'ww-char-to-symbol s)) image)))
(defun make-rosetta-wireworld ()
(make-wireworld '("tH........." ". . " " ... " ". . " "Ht.. ......")))</lang>
- Output:
CL-USER> (wireworld-show-gens (make-rosetta-wireworld) 12) .tH........ H . ... H . t... ...... H.tH....... t . ... t . .H.. ...... tH.tH...... . H ... . . HtH. ...... .tH.tH..... H t HHH H . t.tH ...... H.tH.tH.... t . ttt t . .H.t ...... tH.tH.tH... . H ... . . HtH. ...... .tH.tH.tH.. H t HHH H . t.tH ...... H.tH.tH.tH. t . ttt t . .H.t ...... tH.tH.tH.tH . H ... . . HtH. ...... .tH.tH.tH.t H t HHH H . t.tH ...... H.tH.tH.tH. t . ttt t . .H.t ...... tH.tH.tH.tH . H ... . . HtH. ......
D
<lang d>import std.stdio, std.algorithm;
void wireworldStep(char[][] W1, char[][] W2) pure nothrow @safe @nogc {
foreach (immutable r; 1 .. W1.length - 1) foreach (immutable c; 1 .. W1[0].length - 1) switch (W1[r][c]) { case 'H': W2[r][c] = 't'; break; case 't': W2[r][c] = '.'; break; case '.': int nH = 0; foreach (sr; -1 .. 2) foreach (sc; -1 .. 2) nH += W1[r + sr][c + sc] == 'H'; W2[r][c] = (nH == 1 || nH == 2) ? 'H' : '.'; break; default: }
}
void main() {
auto world = [" ".dup, " tH ".dup, " . .... ".dup, " .. ".dup, " ".dup];
char[][] world2; foreach (row; world) world2 ~= row.dup;
foreach (immutable step; 0 .. 7) { writefln("\nStep %d: ------------", step); foreach (row; world[1 .. $ - 1]) row[1 .. $ - 1].writeln; wireworldStep(world, world2); swap(world, world2); }
}</lang>
- Output:
Step 0: ------------ tH . .... .. Step 1: ------------ .t . H... .. Step 2: ------------ .. . tH.. .H Step 3: ------------ .. . .tH. Ht Step 4: ------------ .. H ..tH t. Step 5: ------------ H. t ...t .. Step 6: ------------ tH . .... ..
Delphi
<lang Delphi> program Wireworld;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses
System.SysUtils, System.IOUtils;
var
rows, cols: Integer; rx, cx: Integer; mn: TArray<Integer>;
procedure Print(grid: TArray<byte>); begin
writeln(string.Create('_', cols * 2), #10);
for var r := 1 to rows do begin for var c := 1 to cols do begin if grid[r * cx + c] = 0 then write(' ') else write(' ', chr(grid[r * cx + c])); end; writeln; end;
end;
procedure Step(var dst: TArray<byte>; src: TArray<byte>); begin
for var r := 1 to rows do begin for var c := 1 to cols do begin var x := r * cx + c; dst[x] := src[x];
case chr(dst[x]) of 'H': dst[x] := ord('t'); 't': dst[x] := ord('.'); '.': begin var nn := 0; for var n in mn do if src[x + n] = ord('H') then inc(nn); if (nn = 1) or (nn = 2) then dst[x] := ord('H'); end; end; end; end;
end;
procedure Main(); const
CONFIG_FILE = 'ww.config';
begin
if not FileExists(CONFIG_FILE) then begin Writeln(CONFIG_FILE, ' not exist'); exit; end;
var srcRows := TFile.ReadAllLines(CONFIG_FILE);
rows := length(srcRows);
cols := 0; for var r in srcRows do begin if Length(r) > cols then cols := length(r); end;
rx := rows + 2; cx := cols + 2;
mn := [-cx - 1, -cx, -cx + 1, -1, 1, cx - 1, cx, cx + 1];
var _odd: TArray<byte>; var _even: TArray<byte>;
SetLength(_odd, rx * cx); SetLength(_even, rx * cx);
FillChar(_odd[0], rx * cx, 0); FillChar(_even[0], rx * cx, 0);
for var i := 0 to High(srcRows) do begin var r := srcRows[i];
var offset := (i + 1) * cx + 1; for var j := 1 to length(r) do _odd[offset + j - 1] := ord(r[j]); end;
while True do begin print(_odd); step(_even, _odd); Readln;
print(_even); step(_odd, _even); Readln; end;
end;
begin
Main;
{$IFNDEF UNIX} readln; {$ENDIF}
end.</lang>
- Output:
__________________ t H . . . . . . . __________________ . t . H . . . . . __________________ . . . t H . . . H __________________ . . . . t H . H t __________________ . . H . . t H t . __________________ H . t . . . t . . __________________ t H . . . . . . . __________________ . t . H . . . . .
Elena
ELENA 5.0, using cellular library <lang elena>import system'routines; import extensions; import cellular;
const string sample = " tH...... . ......
...Ht... . .... . ..... .... ......tH .
. ......
...Ht...";
const string conductorLabel = "."; const string headLabel = "H"; const string tailLabel = "t"; const string emptyLabel = " ";
const int empty = 0; const int conductor = 1; const int electronHead = 2; const int electronTail = 3;
wireWorldRuleSet = new RuleSet {
proceed(Space s, int x, int y, ref int retVal) { int cell := s.at(x, y); cell => conductor { int number := s.LiveCell(x, y, electronHead); if (number == 1 || number == 2) { retVal := electronHead } else { retVal := conductor } } electronHead { retVal := electronTail } electronTail { retVal := conductor } :{ retVal := cell } }
};
sealed class Model {
Space theSpace; constructor load(string stateString, int maxX, int maxY) { var strings := stateString.splitBy(newLine).selectBy:(s => s.toArray()).toArray(); theSpace := IntMatrixSpace.allocate(maxX, maxY, RuleSet { proceed(Space s, int x, int y, ref int retVal) { if (x < strings.Length) { var l := strings[x]; if (y < l.Length) { (l[y]) => conductorLabel { retVal := conductor } headLabel { retVal := electronHead } tailLabel { retVal := electronTail } emptyLabel { retVal := empty } } else { retVal := empty } } else { retVal := empty } } }) } run() { theSpace.update(wireWorldRuleSet) } print() { int columns := theSpace.Columns; int rows := theSpace.Rows; int i := 0; int j := 0; while (i < rows) { j := 0; while (j < columns) { var label := emptyLabel; int cell := theSpace.at(i, j); cell => conductor { label := conductorLabel } electronHead { label := headLabel } electronTail { label := tailLabel }; console.write(label); j := j + 1 }; i := i + 1; console.writeLine() } }
}
public program() {
Model model := Model.load(sample,10,30); for(int i := 0, i < 10, i += 1) { console.printLineFormatted("Iteration {0}",i); model.print().run() }
}</lang>
- Output:
Iteration 0 tH...... . ...... ...Ht... . .... . ..... .... ......tH . . ...... ...Ht... Iteration 1 .tH..... . ...... ..Ht.... . .... . ..... .... .......t . . H..... ..Ht.... Iteration 2 ..tH.... . ...... .Ht..... . .... . ..... .... ........ . . tH.... .Ht....H Iteration 3 ...tH... . ...... Ht...... . .... . ..... .... ........ . . .tH... Ht....Ht /* ... */ Iteration 9 ...tH... . .tH... ......Ht . .... H H.... tttH ...tH... . . ...... Ht......
Elixir
<lang elixir>defmodule Wireworld do
@empty " " @head "H" @tail "t" @conductor "." @neighbours (for x<- -1..1, y <- -1..1, do: {x,y}) -- [{0,0}] def set_up(string) do lines = String.split(string, "\n", trim: true) grid = Enum.with_index(lines) |> Enum.flat_map(fn {line,i} -> String.codepoints(line) |> Enum.with_index |> Enum.map(fn {char,j} -> {{i, j}, char} end) end) |> Enum.into(Map.new) width = Enum.map(lines, fn line -> String.length(line) end) |> Enum.max height = length(lines) {grid, width, height} end # to string defp to_s(grid, width, height) do Enum.map_join(0..height-1, fn i -> Enum.map_join(0..width-1, fn j -> Map.get(grid, {i,j}, @empty) end) <> "\n" end) end # transition all cells simultaneously defp transition(grid) do Enum.into(grid, Map.new, fn {{x, y}, state} -> {{x, y}, transition_cell(grid, state, x, y)} end) end # how to transition a single cell defp transition_cell(grid, current, x, y) do case current do @empty -> @empty @head -> @tail @tail -> @conductor _ -> if neighbours_with_state(grid, x, y) in 1..2, do: @head, else: @conductor end end # given a position in the grid, find the neighbour cells with a particular state def neighbours_with_state(grid, x, y) do Enum.count(@neighbours, fn {dx,dy} -> Map.get(grid, {x+dx, y+dy}) == @head end) end # run a simulation up to a limit of transitions, or until a recurring # pattern is found # This will print text to the console def run(string, iterations\\25) do {grid, width, height} = set_up(string) Enum.reduce(0..iterations, {grid, %{}}, fn count,{grd, seen} -> IO.puts "Generation : #{count}" IO.puts to_s(grd, width, height) if seen[grd] do IO.puts "I've seen this grid before... after #{count} iterations" exit(:normal) else {transition(grd), Map.put(seen, grd, count)} end end) IO.puts "ran through #{iterations} iterations" end
end
- this is the "2 Clock generators and an XOR gate" example from the wikipedia page
text = """
......tH
. ......
...Ht... . .... . ..... .... tH...... .
. ......
...Ht...
"""
Wireworld.run(text)</lang>
- Output:
Generation : 0 ......tH . ...... ...Ht... . .... . ..... .... tH...... . . ...... ...Ht... Generation : 1 .......t . H..... ..Ht.... . .... . ..... .... .tH..... . . ...... ..Ht.... Generation : 2 ........ . tH.... .Ht....H . .... . ..... .... ..tH.... . . ...... .Ht..... Generation : 3 ........ . .tH... Ht....Ht . .... . ..... .... ...tH... . . ...... Ht...... Generation : 4 ........ H ..tH.. t....Ht. . .... . ..... .... ....tH.. . H ...... t....... Generation : 5 H....... t ...tH. ....Ht.. . .... . ..... .... H....tH. . t ...... ........ Generation : 6 tH...... . ....tH ...Ht... . .... . ..... .... tH....tH . . ...... ........ Generation : 7 .tH..... . .....t ..Ht.... H .... . ..... .... .tH....t . . H..... ........ Generation : 8 ..tH.... . ...... .Ht..... t HHH. . ..... .... ..tH.... . . tH.... .......H Generation : 9 ...tH... . ...... Ht...... . tttH H H.... .... ...tH... . . .tH... ......Ht Generation : 10 ....tH.. H ...... t....... . ...t t tH... HHHH ....tH.. . . ..tH.. .....Ht. Generation : 11 H....tH. t ...... ........ . .... . .tH.. tttt .....tH. . . ...tH. ....Ht.. Generation : 12 tH....tH . ...... ........ . .... . ..tH. .... ......tH . . ....tH ...Ht... Generation : 13 .tH....t . H..... ........ . .... . ...tH .... .......t H . H....t ..Ht.... Generation : 14 ..tH.... . tH.... .......H . .... . ....t HHH. ........ t . tH.... .Ht....H Generation : 15 ...tH... . .tH... ......Ht . .... H H.... tttH ........ . . .tH... Ht....Ht Generation : 16 ....tH.. . ..tH.. .....Ht. . HHHH t tH... ...t ........ . H ..tH.. t....Ht. Generation : 17 .....tH. . ...tH. ....Ht.. . tttt . .tH.. .... H....... . t ...tH. ....Ht.. Generation : 18 ......tH . ....tH ...Ht... . .... . ..tH. .... tH...... . . ....tH ...Ht... Generation : 19 .......t . H....t ..Ht.... H .... . ...tH .... .tH..... H . .....t ..Ht.... Generation : 20 ........ . tH.... .Ht....H t HHH. . ....t HHH. ..tH.... t . ...... .Ht..... Generation : 21 ........ . .tH... Ht....Ht . tttH . H.... tttH ...tH... . . ...... Ht...... Generation : 22 ........ H ..tH.. t....Ht. . ...t . t.... ...t ....tH.. . H ...... t....... Generation : 23 H....... t ...tH. ....Ht.. . .... . ..... .... H....tH. . t ...... ........ I've seen this grid before... after 23 iterations
Forth
<lang forth>16 constant w
8 constant h
- rows w * 2* ;
1 rows constant row h rows constant size
create world size allot world value old old w + value new
- init world size erase ;
- age new old to new to old ;
- foreachrow ( xt -- )
size 0 do I over execute row +loop drop ;
0 constant EMPTY 1 constant HEAD 2 constant TAIL 3 constant WIRE create cstate bl c, char H c, char t c, char . c,
- showrow ( i -- ) cr
old + w over + swap do I c@ cstate + c@ emit loop ;
- show ['] showrow foreachrow ;
- line ( row addr len -- )
bounds do i c@ case bl of EMPTY over c! endof 'H of HEAD over c! endof 't of TAIL over c! endof '. of WIRE over c! endof endcase 1+ loop drop ;
- load ( filename -- )
r/o open-file throw init old row + 1+ ( file row ) begin over pad 80 rot read-line throw while over pad rot line row + repeat 2drop close-file throw show cr ;
- +head ( sum i -- sum )
old + c@ HEAD = if 1+ then ;
- conductor ( i WIRE -- i HEAD|WIRE )
drop 0 over 1- row - +head over row - +head over 1+ row - +head over 1- +head over 1+ +head over 1- row + +head over row + +head over 1+ row + +head 1 3 within if HEAD else WIRE then ;
\ before: empty head tail wire
create transition ' noop , ' 1+ , ' 1+ , ' conductor ,
\ after: empty tail wire head|wire
- new-state ( i -- )
dup old + c@ dup cells transition + @ execute swap new + c! ;
- newrow ( i -- )
w over + swap do I new-state loop ;
- gen ['] newrow foreachrow age ;
- wireworld begin gen 0 0 at-xy show key? until ;</lang>
- Output:
s" wireworld.diode" load .. tH...... .Ht .. ok gen show .. .tH..... Ht. .. ok gen show .H ..tH.... t.. .H ok gen show Ht ...tH..H ... Ht ok gen show t. ....tH.t ... t. ok gen show .. .....tH. ... .. ok gen show H. ......tH ... H. ok gen show tH .......t ... tH ok gen show .t ........ H.. .t ok gen show .. ........ tH. .. ok gen show .. ........ .tH .. ok gen show .. ........ ..t .. ok gen show .. ........ ... .. ok
Fortran
<lang fortran>program Wireworld
implicit none integer, parameter :: max_generations = 12 integer :: nrows = 0, ncols = 0, maxcols = 0 integer :: gen, ierr = 0 integer :: i, j character(1), allocatable :: cells(:,:) character(10) :: form, sub character(80) :: buff
! open input file
open(unit=8, file="wwinput.txt")
! find numbers of rows and columns in data
do read(8, "(a)", iostat=ierr) buff if(ierr /= 0) exit nrows = nrows + 1 ncols = len_trim(buff) if(ncols > maxcols) maxcols = ncols end do
! allcate enough space to hold the data
allocate(cells(0:nrows+1, 0:maxcols+1)) cells = " "
! load data
rewind(8) do i = 1, nrows read(8, "(a)", iostat=ierr) buff if(ierr /= 0) exit do j = 1, maxcols cells(i, j) = buff(j:j) end do end do close(8)
! calculate format string for write statement
write(sub, "(i8)") maxcols form = "(" // trim(adjustl(sub)) // "a1)" do gen = 0, max_generations write(*, "(/a, i0)") "Generation ", gen do i = 1, nrows write(*, form) cells(i, 1:maxcols) end do call nextgen(cells) end do deallocate(cells) contains subroutine Nextgen(cells) character, intent(in out) :: cells(0:,0:) character :: buffer(0:size(cells, 1)-1, 0:size(cells, 2)-1) integer :: i, j, h buffer = cells ! Store current status do i = 1, size(cells, 1)-2 do j = 1, size(cells, 2)-2 select case (buffer(i, j)) case(" ") ! no Change case("H") ! If a head change to tail cells(i, j) = "t" case("t") ! if a tail change to conductor cells(i, j) = "." case (".") ! Count number of electron heads in surrounding eight cells. ! We can ignore that fact that we count the centre cell as ! well because we already know it contains a conductor. ! If surrounded by 1 or 2 heads change to a head h = sum(count(buffer(i-1:i+1, j-1:j+1) == "H", 1)) if(h == 1 .or. h == 2) cells(i, j) = "H" end select end do end do end subroutine Nextgen
end program Wireworld</lang>
- Output:
Generation 0 tH... . . ....... ...... . . tH... Generation 1 .tH.. . . ....... ...... . . .tH.. Generation 2 ..tH. . . ....... ...... . . ..tH. Generation 3 ...tH . . ....... ...... . . ...tH Generation 4 ....t . H ....... ...... . H ....t Generation 5 ..... . t ......H H..... . t ..... Generation 6 ..... . . .....Ht tH.... . . ..... Generation 7 ..... . . ....Ht. .tH... . . ..... Generation 8 ..... . . ...Ht.. ..tH.. . . ..... Generation 9 ..... . . ..Ht... ...tH. . . ..... Generation 10 ..... H . .Ht.... ....tH H . ..... Generation 11 H.... t . .t..... .....t t . H.... Generation 12 tH... . . ....... ...... . . tH...
FreeBASIC
<lang freebasic>#define MAXX 319
- define MAXY 199
enum state
E=0, C=8, H=9, T=4 'doubles as colours: black, grey, bright blue, red
end enum
dim as uinteger world(0 to 1, 0 to MAXX, 0 to MAXY), active = 0, buffer = 1 dim as double rate = 1./3. 'seconds per frame dim as double tick dim as uinteger x, y
function turn_on( world() as unsigned integer, x as uinteger, y as uinteger, a as uinteger ) as boolean
dim as ubyte n = 0 dim as integer qx, qy for qx = -1 to 1 for qy = -1 to 1 if qx=0 andalso qy=0 then continue for if world(a,(x+qx+MAXX+1) mod (MAXX+1), (y+qy+MAXY+1) mod (MAXY+1))=H then n=n+1 'handles wrap-around next qy next qx if n=1 then return true if n=2 then return true return false
end function
'generate sample map
for x=20 to 30
world(active, x, 20) = C world(active, x, 24) = C
next x world(active, 24, 24 ) = E world(active, 20, 21 ) = C world(active, 20, 23 ) = C world(active, 24, 21 ) = C world(active, 23, 22 ) = C world(active, 24, 22 ) = C world(active, 25, 22 ) = C world(active, 24, 23 ) = C world(active, 20, 20 ) = T world(active, 21, 20 ) = H world(active, 21, 24 ) = T world(active, 20, 24 ) = H
screen 12
do
tick = timer for x = 0 to 319 for y = 0 to 199 pset (x,y), world(active, x, y) if world(active,x,y) = E then world(buffer,x,y) = E 'empty cells stay empty if world(active,x,y) = H then world(buffer,x,y) = T 'electron heads turn into electron tails if world(active,x,y) = T then world(buffer,x,y) = C 'electron tails revert to conductors if world(active,x,y) = C then if turn_on(world(),x,y,active) then world(buffer,x,y) = H 'maybe electron heads spread else world(buffer,x,y) = C 'otherwise condutor remains conductor end if end if next y next x while tick + rate > timer wend cls buffer = 1 - buffer active = 1 - buffer
loop</lang>
GML
Only visual output. Not an all-out simulator, but has some functions not on by default. <lang GML>//Create event /* Wireworld first declares constants and then reads a wireworld from a textfile. In order to implement wireworld in GML a single array is used. To make it behave properly, there need to be states that are 'in-between' two states: 0 = empty 1 = conductor from previous state 2 = electronhead from previous state 5 = electronhead that was a conductor in the previous state 3 = electrontail from previous state 4 = electrontail that was a head in the previous state
- /
empty = 0; conduc = 1; eHead = 2; eTail = 3; eHead_to_eTail = 4; coduc_to_eHead = 5; working = true;//not currently used, but setting it to false stops wireworld. (can be used to pause) toroidalMode = false; factor = 3;//this is used for the display. 3 means a single pixel is multiplied by three in size.
var tempx,tempy ,fileid, tempstring, gridid, listid, maxwidth, stringlength; tempx = 0; tempy = 0; tempstring = ""; maxwidth = 0;
//the next piece of code loads the textfile containing a wireworld. //the program will not work correctly if there is no textfile. if file_exists("WW.txt") { fileid = file_text_open_read("WW.txt"); gridid = ds_grid_create(0,0); listid = ds_list_create();
while !file_text_eof(fileid) { tempstring = file_text_read_string(fileid); stringlength = string_length(tempstring); ds_list_add(listid,stringlength); if maxwidth < stringlength { ds_grid_resize(gridid,stringlength,ds_grid_height(gridid) + 1) maxwidth = stringlength } else { ds_grid_resize(gridid,maxwidth,ds_grid_height(gridid) + 1) } for (i = 1; i <= stringlength; i +=1) { switch (string_char_at(tempstring,i)) { case ' ': ds_grid_set(gridid,tempx,tempy,empty); break; case '.': ds_grid_set(gridid,tempx,tempy,conduc); break; case 'H': ds_grid_set(gridid,tempx,tempy,eHead); break; case 't': ds_grid_set(gridid,tempx,tempy,eTail); break; default: break; } tempx += 1; } file_text_readln(fileid); tempy += 1; tempx = 0; }
file_text_close(fileid); //fill the 'open' parts of the grid tempy = 0;
repeat(ds_list_size(listid)) { tempx = ds_list_find_value(listid,tempy); repeat(maxwidth - tempx) { ds_grid_set(gridid,tempx,tempy,empty); tempx += 1; } tempy += 1; }
boardwidth = ds_grid_width(gridid); boardheight = ds_grid_height(gridid); //the contents of the grid are put in a array, because arrays are faster. //the grid was needed because arrays cannot be resized properly. tempx = 0; tempy = 0;
repeat(boardheight) { repeat(boardwidth) { board[tempx,tempy] = ds_grid_get(gridid,tempx,tempy); tempx += 1; } tempy += 1; tempx = 0; }
//the following code clears memory ds_grid_destroy(gridid); ds_list_destroy(listid); }</lang> Now the step event <lang GML> //Step event /* This step event executes each 1/speed seconds. It checks everything on the board using an x and a y through two repeat loops. The variables westN,northN,eastN,southN, resemble the space left, up, right and down respectively, seen from the current x & y. 1 -> 5 (conductor is changing to head) 2 -> 4 (head is changing to tail) 3 -> 1 (tail became conductor)
- /
var tempx,tempy,assignhold,westN,northN,eastN,southN,neighbouringHeads,T; tempx = 0; tempy = 0; westN = 0; northN = 0; eastN = 0; southN = 0; neighbouringHeads = 0; T = 0;
if working = 1 {
repeat(boardheight) { repeat(boardwidth) { switch board[tempx,tempy] { case empty: assignhold = empty; break; case conduc: neighbouringHeads = 0; if toroidalMode = true //this is disabled, but otherwise lets wireworld behave toroidal. { if tempx=0 { westN = boardwidth -1; } else { westN = tempx-1; } if tempy=0 { northN = boardheight -1; } else { northN = tempy-1; } if tempx=boardwidth -1 { eastN = 0; } else { eastN = tempx+1; } if tempy=boardheight -1 { southN = 0; } else { southN = tempy+1; }
T=board[westN,northN]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } T=board[tempx,northN]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } T=board[eastN,northN]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } T=board[westN,tempy]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } T=board[eastN,tempy]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } T=board[westN,southN]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } T=board[tempx,southN]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } T=board[eastN,southN]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } } else//this is the default mode that works for the provided example. {//the next code checks whether coordinates fall outside the array borders. //and counts all the neighbouring electronheads. if tempx=0 { westN = -1; } else { westN = tempx - 1; T=board[westN,tempy]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } } if tempy=0 { northN = -1; } else { northN = tempy - 1; T=board[tempx,northN]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } } if tempx = boardwidth -1 { eastN = -1; } else { eastN = tempx + 1; T=board[eastN,tempy]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } } if tempy = boardheight -1 { southN = -1; } else { southN = tempy + 1; T=board[tempx,southN]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } } if westN != -1 and northN != -1 { T=board[westN,northN]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } } if eastN != -1 and northN != -1 { T=board[eastN,northN]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } } if westN != -1 and southN != -1 { T=board[westN,southN]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } } if eastN != -1 and southN != -1 { T=board[eastN,southN]; if T=eHead or T=eHead_to_eTail { neighbouringHeads += 1; } } } if neighbouringHeads = 1 or neighbouringHeads = 2 { assignhold = coduc_to_eHead; } else { assignhold = conduc; } break; case eHead: assignhold = eHead_to_eTail; break; case eTail: assignhold = conduc; break; default: break; } board[tempx,tempy] = assignhold; tempx += 1; } tempy += 1; tempx = 0; }
} </lang> Now the draw event <lang GML> //Draw event /* This event occurs whenever the screen is refreshed. It checks everything on the board using an x and a y through two repeat loops and draws it. It is an important step, because all board values are changed to the normal versions: 5 -> 2 (conductor changed to head) 4 -> 3 (head changed to tail)
- /
//draw sprites and text first
//now draw wireworld var tempx,tempy; tempx = 0; tempy = 0;
repeat(boardheight) {
repeat(boardwidth) { switch board[tempx,tempy] { case empty: //draw_point_color(tempx,tempy,c_black); draw_set_color(c_black); draw_rectangle(tempx*factor,tempy*factor,(tempx+1)*factor-1,(tempy+1)*factor-1,false); break; case conduc: //draw_point_color(tempx,tempy,c_yellow); draw_set_color(c_yellow); draw_rectangle(tempx*factor,tempy*factor,(tempx+1)*factor-1,(tempy+1)*factor-1,false); break; case eHead: //draw_point_color(tempx,tempy,c_red); draw_set_color(c_blue); draw_rectangle(tempx*factor,tempy*factor,(tempx+1)*factor-1,(tempy+1)*factor-1,false); draw_rectangle_color(tempx*factor,tempy*factor,(tempx+1)*factor-1,(tempy+1)*factor-1,c_red,c_red,c_red,c_red,false); break; case eTail: //draw_point_color(tempx,tempy,c_blue); draw_set_color(c_red); draw_rectangle(tempx*factor,tempy*factor,(tempx+1)*factor-1,(tempy+1)*factor-1,false); break; case coduc_to_eHead: //draw_point_color(tempx,tempy,c_red); draw_set_color(c_blue); draw_rectangle(tempx*factor,tempy*factor,(tempx+1)*factor-1,(tempy+1)*factor-1,false); board[tempx,tempy] = eHead; break; case eHead_to_eTail: //draw_point_color(tempx,tempy,c_blue); draw_set_color(c_red); draw_rectangle(tempx*factor,tempy*factor,(tempx+1)*factor-1,(tempy+1)*factor-1,false); board[tempx,tempy] = eTail; break; default: break; } tempx += 1 }
tempy += 1; tempx = 0; } draw_set_color(c_black); </lang>
Go
Text output. Press Enter to compute and display successive generations. <lang go>package main
import (
"bytes" "fmt" "io/ioutil" "strings"
)
var rows, cols int // extent of input configuration var rx, cx int // grid extent (includes border) var mn []int // offsets of moore neighborhood
func main() {
// read input configuration from file src, err := ioutil.ReadFile("ww.config") if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } srcRows := bytes.Split(src, []byte{'\n'})
// compute package variables rows = len(srcRows) for _, r := range srcRows { if len(r) > cols { cols = len(r) } } rx, cx = rows+2, cols+2 mn = []int{-cx-1, -cx, -cx+1, -1, 1, cx-1, cx, cx+1}
// allocate two grids and copy input into first grid odd := make([]byte, rx*cx) even := make([]byte, rx*cx) for ri, r := range srcRows { copy(odd[(ri+1)*cx+1:], r) }
// run for { print(odd) step(even, odd) fmt.Scanln()
print(even) step(odd, even) fmt.Scanln() }
}
func print(grid []byte) {
fmt.Println(strings.Repeat("__", cols)) fmt.Println() for r := 1; r <= rows; r++ { for c := 1; c <= cols; c++ { if grid[r*cx+c] == 0 { fmt.Print(" ") } else { fmt.Printf(" %c", grid[r*cx+c]) } } fmt.Println() }
}
func step(dst, src []byte) {
for r := 1; r <= rows; r++ { for c := 1; c <= cols; c++ { x := r*cx + c dst[x] = src[x] switch dst[x] { case 'H': dst[x] = 't' case 't': dst[x] = '.' case '.': var nn int for _, n := range mn { if src[x+n] == 'H' { nn++ } } if nn == 1 || nn == 2 { dst[x] = 'H' } } } }
}</lang>
Haskell
<lang Haskell>import Data.List import Control.Monad import Control.Arrow import Data.Maybe
states=" Ht." shiftS=" t.."
borden bc xs = bs: (map (\x -> bc:(x++[bc])) xs) ++ [bs]
where r = length $ head xs bs = replicate (r+2) bc
take3x3 = ap ((.). taken. length) (taken. length. head) `ap` borden '*'
where taken n = transpose. map (take n.map (take 3)).map tails
nwState xs | e =='.' && noH>0 && noH<3 = 'H'
| otherwise = shiftS !! (fromJust $ elemIndex e states) where e = xs!!1!!1 noH = length $ filter (=='H') $ concat xs
runCircuit = iterate (map(map nwState).take3x3)</lang> Example executed in GHCi: <lang Haskell>oscillator= [" tH ",
". ....", " .. " ]
example = mapM_ (mapM_ putStrLn) .map (borden ' ').take 9 $ runCircuit oscillator</lang>
- Output:
*Main> example tH . .... .. .t . H... .. .. . tH.. .H .. . .tH. Ht .. H ..tH t. H. t ...t .. tH . .... .. .t . H... .. .. . tH.. .H (0.01 secs, 541764 bytes)
Icon and Unicon
This simulation starts in single step mode and can be switched to run uninterrupted. The window can be saved at any point in single step mode. This uses 1 pixel per cell so this animation looks tiny. Also the orientation has been flipped. <lang Icon>link graphics
$define EDGE -1 $define EMPTY 0 $define HEAD 1 $define TAIL 2 $define COND 3
global Colours,Width,Height,World,oldWorld
procedure main() # wire world modified from forestfire
Height := 400 # Window height Width := 400 # Window width Rounds := 500 # max Rounds Delay := 5 # Runout Delay setup_world(read_world()) every round := 1 to Rounds do { show_world() if \runout then delay(Delay) else case Event() of { "q" : break # q = quit "r" : runout := 1 # r = run w/o stepping "s" : WriteImage("Wireworld-"||round) # save } evolve_world() } WDone()
end
procedure read_world() #: for demo in place of reading
return [ "tH.........", ". .", " ...", ". .", "Ht.. ......"]
end
procedure setup_world(L) #: setup the world
Colours := table() # define colours Colours[EDGE] := "grey" Colours[EMPTY] := "black" Colours[HEAD] := "blue" Colours[TAIL] := "red" Colours[COND] := "yellow" States := table() States["t"] := TAIL States["H"] := HEAD States[" "] := EMPTY States["."] := COND WOpen("label=Wireworld", "bg=black", "size=" || Width+2 || "," || Height+2) | # add for border stop("Unable to open Window") every !(World := list(Height)) := list(Width,EMPTY) # default every ( World[1,1 to Width] | World[Height,1 to Width] | World[1 to Height,1] | World[1 to Height,Width] ) := EDGE every r := 1 to *L & c := 1 to *L[r] do { # setup read in program World[r+1, c+1] := States[L[r,c]] }
end
procedure show_world() #: show World - drawn changes only
every r := 2 to *World-1 & c := 2 to *World[r]-1 do if /oldWorld | oldWorld[r,c] ~= World[r,c] then { WAttrib("fg=" || Colours[tr := World[r,c]]) DrawPoint(r,c) }
end
procedure evolve_world() #: evolve world
old := oldWorld := list(*World) # freeze copy every old[i := 1 to *World] := copy(World[i]) # deep copy
every r := 2 to *World-1 & c := 2 to *World[r]-1 do World[r,c] := case old[r,c] of { # apply rules # EMPTY : EMPTY HEAD : TAIL TAIL : COND COND : { i := 0 every HEAD = ( old[r-1,c-1 to c+1] | old[r,c-1|c+1] | old[r+1,c-1 to c+1] ) do i +:= 1 if i := 1 | 2 then HEAD } }
end</lang>
J
The example circuit:<lang J>circ0=:}: ] ;. _1 LF, 0 : 0 tH........ . .
...
. . Ht.. ..... )</lang> A 'boarding' verb board and the next cell state verb nwS: <lang J>board=: ' ' ,.~ ' ' ,. ' ' , ' ' ,~ ]
nwS=: 3 : 0
e=. (<1 1){y if. ('.'=e)*. e.&1 2 +/'H'=,y do. 'H' return. end. ' t..' {~ ' Ht.' i. e
)</lang> The 'most' powerful part is contained in the following iterating sentence, namely the dyad cut ;. [1]. In this way verb nwS can work on all the 3x3 matrices containing each cell surrounded by its 8 relevant neighbors. <lang J> process=: (3 3 nwS;. _3 board)^: (<10) process circuit</lang> Example run:
(<10) process circ0 tH........ . . ... . . Ht.. ..... .tH....... H . ... H . t... ..... H.tH...... t . ... t . .H.. ..... tH.tH..... . H ... . . HtH. ..... .tH.tH.... H t HHH H . t.tH ..... H.tH.tH... t . ttt t . .H.t ..... tH.tH.tH.. . H ... . . HtH. ..... .tH.tH.tH. H t HHH H . t.tH ..... H.tH.tH.tH t . ttt t . .H.t ..... tH.tH.tH.t . H ... . . HtH. .....
Note also that a graphical presentation can be achieved using viewmat. For example:
<lang j>require'viewmat' viewmat"2 ' .tH'i. (<10) process circ0</lang>
(This example opens 10 windows, one for each generation.)
Java
See: Wireworld/Java
JavaScript
You have to search and open the file manually.
This is the HTML you need to test.
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Wireworld</title> <script src="wireworld.js"></script></head><body> <input type='file' accept='text/plain' onchange='openFile( event )' /> <br /></body></html>
<lang javascript> var ctx, sizeW, sizeH, scl = 10, map, tmp; function getNeighbour( i, j ) {
var ii, jj, c = 0; for( var b = -1; b < 2; b++ ) { for( var a = -1; a < 2; a++ ) { ii = i + a; jj = j + b; if( ii < 0 || ii >= sizeW || jj < 0 || jj >= sizeH ) continue; if( map[ii][jj] == 1 ) c++; } } return ( c == 1 || c == 2 );
} function simulate() {
drawWorld(); for( var j = 0; j < sizeH; j++ ) { for( var i = 0; i < sizeW; i++ ) { switch( map[i][j] ) { case 0: tmp[i][j] = 0; break; case 1: tmp[i][j] = 2; break; case 2: tmp[i][j] = 3; break; case 3: if( getNeighbour( i, j ) ) tmp[i][j] = 1; else tmp[i][j] = 3; break; } } } [tmp, map] = [map, tmp]; setTimeout( simulate, 200 );
} function drawWorld() {
ctx.fillStyle = "#000"; ctx.fillRect( 0, 0, sizeW * scl, sizeH * scl ); for( var j = 0; j < sizeH; j++ ) { for( var i = 0; i < sizeW; i++ ) { switch( map[i][j] ) { case 0: continue; case 1: ctx.fillStyle = "#03f"; break; case 2: ctx.fillStyle = "#f30"; break; case 3: ctx.fillStyle = "#ff3"; break; } ctx.fillRect( i, j, 1, 1 ); } }
} function openFile( event ) {
var input = event.target; var reader = new FileReader(); reader.onload = function() { createWorld( reader.result ); }; reader.readAsText(input.files[0]);
} function createWorld( txt ) {
var l = txt.split( "\n" ); sizeW = parseInt( l[0] ); sizeH = parseInt( l[1] ); map = new Array( sizeW ); tmp = new Array( sizeW ); for( var i = 0; i < sizeW; i++ ) { map[i] = new Array( sizeH ); tmp[i] = new Array( sizeH ); for( var j = 0; j < sizeH; j++ ) { map[i][j] = tmp[i][j] = 0; } } var t; for( var j = 0; j < sizeH; j++ ) { for( var i = 0; i < sizeW; i++ ) { switch( l[j + 2][i] ) { case " ": t = 0; break; case "H": t = 1; break; case "t": t = 2; break; case ".": t = 3; break; } map[i][j] = t; } } init();
} function init() {
var canvas = document.createElement( "canvas" ); canvas.width = sizeW * scl; canvas.height = sizeH * scl; ctx = canvas.getContext( "2d" ); ctx.scale( scl, scl ); document.body.appendChild( canvas ); simulate();
} </lang>
jq
In this implementation, a "world" is simply a string as illustrated by world9 and world11 below. The "game" can be played either by creating separate frames (using frames(n)), or by calling animation(n; sleep) with sleep approximately equal to the number of milliseconds between refreshes.
"Animation" is based on the ANSI escape sequence for "clear screen".
Notes on the implementation:
- For efficiency, the implementation requires that the world has boundaries, as illustrated by world11 below.
- For speed, the simulation uses the exploded string (an array).
- The ASCII values of the symbols used to display the state are hardcoded.
<lang jq>def lines: split("\n")|length;
def cols: split("\n")[0]|length + 1; # allow for the newline
- Is there an "H" at [x,y] relative to position i, assuming the width is w?
- Input is an array; 72 is "H"
def isH(x; y; i; w): if .[i+ w*y + x] == 72 then 1 else 0 end;
def neighborhood(i;w):
isH(-1; -1; i; w) + isH(0; -1; i; w) + isH(1; -1; i; w) + isH(-1; 0; i; w) + isH(1; 0; i; w) + isH(-1; 1; i; w) + isH(0; 1; i; w) + isH(1; 1; i; w) ;
- The basic rules:
- Input: a world
- Output: the next state of .[i]
def evolve(i; width) :
# "Ht. " | explode => [ 72, 116, 46, 32 ] .[i] as $c | if $c == 32 then $c # " " => " " elif $c == 116 then 46 # "t" => "." elif $c == 72 then 116 # "H" => "t" elif $c == 46 then # "." # updates are "simultaneous" i.e. relative to $world neighborhood(i; width) as $sum | (if [1,2]|index($sum) then 72 else . end) # "H" else $c end ;
- [world, lines, cols] | next(w) => [world, lines, cols]
def next:
.[0] as $world | .[1] as $lines | .[2] as $w | reduce range(0; $world|length) as $i ($world; $world | evolve($i; $w) as $next | if .[$i] == $next then . else .[$i] = $next end ) | [., $lines, $w] ; # </lang>
Animation <lang jq># "clear screen": def cls: "\u001b[2J";
- Input: an integer; 1000 ~ 1 sec
def spin:
reduce range(1; 500 * .) as $i (0; . + ($i|cos)*($i|cos) + ($i|sin)*($i|sin) ) | "" ;
- Animate n steps;
- if "sleep" is non-negative then cls and
- sleep about "sleep" ms between frames.
def animate(n; sleep):
if n == 0 then empty else (if sleep >= 0 then cls else "" end), (.[0]|implode), n, "\n", (sleep|spin), ( next|animate(n-1; sleep) ) end ;
- Input: a string representing the initial state
def animation(n; sleep):
[ explode, lines, cols] | animate(n; sleep) ;
- Input: a string representing the initial state
def frames(n): animation(n; -1);#</lang> Examples: <lang jq>def world11: "+-----------+\n" + "|tH.........|\n" + "|. . |\n" + "| ... |\n" + "|. . |\n" + "|Ht.. ......|\n" + "+-----------+\n" ;
def world9: " \n" + " tH \n" + " . .... \n" + " .. \n" + " \n" ;</lang> Illustration 1: <lang jq># Ten-step animation with about 1 sec between frames world9 | animation(10; 1000)</lang> Illustration 2: <lang jq># Ten frames in sequence: world11 | frames(10)</lang>
To run: jq -n -r -f wireworld.rc
Julia
<lang julia>function surround2D(b, i, j)
h, w = size(b) [b[x,y] for x in i-1:i+1, y in j-1:j+1 if (0 < x <= h && 0 < y <= w)]
end
surroundhas1or2(b, i, j) = 0 < sum(map(x->Char(x)=='H', surround2D(b, i, j))) <= 2 ? 'H' : '.'
function boardstep!(currentboard, nextboard)
x, y = size(currentboard) for j in 1:y, i in 1:x ch = Char(currentboard[i, j]) if ch == ' ' continue else nextboard[i, j] = (ch == 'H') ? 't' : (ch == 't' ? '.' : surroundhas1or2(currentboard, i, j)) end end
end
const b1 = " " *
" tH " * " . .... " * " .. " * " "
const mat = reshape(map(x->UInt8(x[1]), split(b1, "")), (9, 5))' const mat2 = copy(mat)
function printboard(mat)
for i in 1:size(mat)[1] println("\t", join([Char(c) for c in mat[i,:]], "")) end
end
println("Starting Wireworld board:") printboard(mat) for step in 1:8
boardstep!(mat, mat2) println(" Step $step:") printboard(mat2) mat .= mat2
end
</lang>
- Output:
Starting Wireworld board:
tH . .... ..Step 1:.t . H... ..Step 2:.. . tH.. .HStep 3:.. . .tH. HtStep 4:.. H ..tH t.Step 5:H. t ...t ..Step 6:tH . .... ..Step 7:.t . H... ..Step 8:.. . tH.. .H
Liberty BASIC
<lang lb> WindowWidth = 840 WindowHeight = 600
dim p$( 40, 25), q$( 40, 25)
empty$ = " " ' white tail$ = "t" ' yellow head$ = "H" ' black conductor$ = "." ' red
jScr = 0
nomainwin
menu #m, "File", "Load", [load], "Quit", [quit]
open "wire world" for graphics_nf_nsb as #m
#m "trapclose [quit]" 'timer 1000, [tmr] wait
end
[quit]
close #m end
[load]
'timer 0 filedialog "Open WireWorld File", "*.ww", file$ open file$ for input as #in y =0 while not( eof( #in)) line input #in, lijn$ ' print "|"; lijn$; "|" for x =0 to len( lijn$) -1 p$( x, y) =mid$( lijn$, x +1, 1)
select case p$( x, y) case " " clr$ ="white" case "t" clr$ ="yellow" case "H" clr$ ="black" case "." clr$ ="red" end select
#m "goto " ; 4 +x *20; " "; 4 +y *20 #m "backcolor "; clr$ #m "down" #m "boxfilled "; 4 +x *20 +19; " "; 4 +y *20 +19 #m "up ; flush" next x y =y +1 wend close #in 'notice "Ready to run." timer 1000, [tmr] wait
[tmr]
timer 0 scan
for x =0 to 40 ' copy temp array /current array for y =0 to 25 q$( x, y) =p$( x, y) next y next x
for y =0 to 25 for x =0 to 40 select case q$( x, y) case head$ ' heads ( black) become tails ( yellow) p$( x, y ) =tail$ clr$ ="yellow"
case tail$ ' tails ( yellow) become conductors ( red) p$( x, y ) =conductor$ clr$ ="red"
case conductor$ ' hCnt =0
xL =x -1: if xL < 0 then xL =40 ' wrap-round edges at all four sides xR =x +1: if xR >40 then xR = 0 yA =y -1: if yA < 0 then yA =25 yB =y +1: if yB >40 then yB = 0
if q$( xL, y ) =head$ then hCnt =hCnt +1 ' Moore environment- 6 neighbours if q$( xL, yA) =head$ then hCnt =hCnt +1 ' count all neighbours currently heads if q$( xL, yB) =head$ then hCnt =hCnt +1
if q$( xR, y ) =head$ then hCnt =hCnt +1 if q$( xR, yA) =head$ then hCnt =hCnt +1 if q$( xR, yB) =head$ then hCnt =hCnt +1
if q$( x, yA) =head$ then hCnt =hCnt +1 if q$( x, yB) =head$ then hCnt =hCnt +1
if ( hCnt =1) or ( hCnt =2) then ' conductor ( red) becomes head ( yellow) in this case only p$( x, y ) =head$ ' otherwise stays conductor ( red). clr$ ="black" else p$( x, y ) =conductor$ clr$ ="red" end if
case else clr$ ="white" end select
#m "goto " ; 4 +x *20; " "; 4 +y *20 #m "backcolor "; clr$ #m "down" #m "boxfilled "; 4 +x *20 +19; " "; 4 +y *20 +19 #m "up" next x next y #m "flush" #m "getbmp scr 0 0 400 300"
'bmpsave "scr", "R:\scrJHF" +right$( "000" +str$( jScr), 3) +".bmp" jScr =jScr+1 if jScr >20 then wait timer 1000, [tmr]
wait </lang>
Logo
(The wireworld given in the file must be bounded by spaces for the program to work. Also it is notable that the program takes the width as the longest of the lines.) <lang Logo>to wireworld :filename :speed ;speed in n times per second, approximated Make "speed 60/:speed wireworldread :filename Make "bufferfield (mdarray (list :height :width) 0) for [i 0 :height-1] [for [j 0 :width-1] [mdsetitem (list :i :j) :bufferfield mditem (list :i :j) :field]] pu ht Make "gen 0 while ["true] [ ;The user will have to halt it :P
;clean seth 90 setxy 0 20 ;label :gen sety 0 for [i 0 :height-1] [for [j 0 :width-1] [mdsetitem (list :i :j) :field mditem (list :i :j) :bufferfield]] for [i 0 :height-1] [ for [j 0 :width-1] [ if (mditem (list :i :j) :field)=[] [setpixel [255 255 255]] ;blank if (mditem (list :i :j) :field)=1 [setpixel [0 0 0] if wn :j :i 2 [mdsetitem (list :i :j) :bufferfield 2]] ;wire if (mditem (list :i :j) :field)=2 [setpixel [0 0 255] mdsetitem (list :i :j) :bufferfield 3] ;head if (mditem (list :i :j) :field)=3 [setpixel [255 0 0] mdsetitem (list :i :j) :bufferfield 1] ;tail setx xcor+1 ] setxy 0 ycor-1 ] Make "gen :gen+1 wait :speed
] end
to wireworldread :filename local [line] openread :filename setread :filename Make "width 0 Make "height 0
- first pass, take dimensions
while [not eofp] [
Make "line readword if (count :line)>:width [Make "width count :line] Make "height :height+1
]
- second pass, load data
setreadpos 0 Make "field (mdarray (list :height :width) 0) for [i 0 :height-1] [
Make "line readword foreach :line [ if ?=char 32 [mdsetitem (list :i #-1) :field []] if ?=". [mdsetitem (list :i #-1) :field 1] if ?="H [mdsetitem (list :i #-1) :field 2] if ?="t [mdsetitem (list :i #-1) :field 3] ]
] setread [] close :filename end
to wn :x :y :thing ;WireNeighbourhood Make "neighbours 0 if (mditem (list :y-1 :x) :field)=:thing [Make "neighbours :neighbours+1] if (mditem (list :y-1 :x+1) :field)=:thing [Make "neighbours :neighbours+1] if (mditem (list :y :x+1) :field)=:thing [Make "neighbours :neighbours+1] if (mditem (list :y+1 :x+1) :field)=:thing [Make "neighbours :neighbours+1] if (mditem (list :y+1 :x) :field)=:thing [Make "neighbours :neighbours+1] if (mditem (list :y+1 :x-1) :field)=:thing [Make "neighbours :neighbours+1] if (mditem (list :y :x-1) :field)=:thing [Make "neighbours :neighbours+1] if (mditem (list :y-1 :x-1) :field)=:thing [Make "neighbours :neighbours+1] ifelse OR :neighbours=1 :neighbours=2 [op "true] [op "false] end</lang>
Lua
If ran using LÖVE, it will animate the simulation on a window. Otherwise it will print the first 10 steps on the console. <lang Lua> local map = {{'t', 'H', '.', '.', '.', '.', '.', '.', '.', '.', '.'},
{'.', ' ', ' ', ' ', '.'}, {' ', ' ', ' ', '.', '.', '.'}, {'.', ' ', ' ', ' ', '.'}, {'H', 't', '.', '.', ' ', '.', '.', '.', '.', '.', '.'}}
function step(map)
local next = {} for i = 1, #map do next[i] = {} for j = 1, #map[i] do next[i][j] = map[i][j] if map[i][j] == "H" then next[i][j] = "t" elseif map[i][j] == "t" then next[i][j] = "." elseif map[i][j] == "." then local count = ((map[i-1] or {})[j-1] == "H" and 1 or 0) + ((map[i-1] or {})[j] == "H" and 1 or 0) + ((map[i-1] or {})[j+1] == "H" and 1 or 0) + ((map[i] or {})[j-1] == "H" and 1 or 0) + ((map[i] or {})[j+1] == "H" and 1 or 0) + ((map[i+1] or {})[j-1] == "H" and 1 or 0) + ((map[i+1] or {})[j] == "H" and 1 or 0) + ((map[i+1] or {})[j+1] == "H" and 1 or 0) if count == 1 or count == 2 then next[i][j] = "H" else next[i][j] = "." end end end end return next
end
if not not love then
local time, frameTime, size = 0, 0.25, 20 local colors = {["."] = {255, 200, 0}, ["t"] = {255, 0, 0}, ["H"] = {0, 0, 255}} function love.update(dt) time = time + dt if time > frameTime then time = time - frameTime map = step(map) end end
function love.draw() for i = 1, #map do for j = 1, #map[i] do love.graphics.setColor(colors[map[i][j]] or {0, 0, 0}) love.graphics.rectangle("fill", j*size, i*size, size, size) end end end
else
for iter = 1, 10 do print("\nstep "..iter.."\n") for i = 1, #map do for j = 1, #map[i] do io.write(map[i][j]) end io.write("\n") end map = step(map) end
end </lang>
Mathematica
<lang Mathematica>DynamicModule[{data =
ArrayPad[PadRight[Characters /@ StringSplit["tH......... . . ... . . Ht.. ......", "\n"]] /. {" " -> 0, "t" -> 2, "H" -> 1, "." -> 3}, 1]}, Dynamic@ArrayPlot[ data = CellularAutomaton[{{{_, _, _}, {_, 0, _}, {_, _, _}} -> 0, {{_, _, _}, {_, 1, _}, {_, _, _}} -> 2, {{_, _, _}, {_, 2, _}, {_, _, _}} -> 3, {{a_, b_, c_}, {d_, 3, e_}, {f_, g_, h_}} :> Switch[Count[{a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h}, 1], 1, 1, 2, 1, _, 3]}, data], ColorRules -> {1 -> Yellow, 2 -> Red}]]</lang>
Nim
<lang nim>import strutils, os
var world, world2 = """ +-----------+ |tH.........| |. . | | ... | |. . | |Ht.. ......| +-----------+"""
let h = world.splitLines.len let w = world.splitLines[0].len
template isH(x, y): int = int(s[i + w * y + x] == 'H')
proc next(o: var string, s: string, w: int) =
for i, c in s: o[i] = case c of ' ': ' ' of 't': '.' of 'H': 't' of '.': if (isH(-1, -1) + isH(0, -1) + isH(1, -1) + isH(-1, 0) + isH(1, 0) + isH(-1, 1) + isH(0, 1) + isH(1, 1) ) in 1..2: 'H' else: '.' else: c
while true:
echo world stdout.write "\x1b[",h,"A" stdout.write "\x1b[",w,"D" sleep 100
world2.next(world, w) swap world, world2</lang>
OCaml
<lang ocaml>let w = [|
" ......tH "; " . ...... "; " ...Ht... . "; " .... "; " . ..... "; " .... "; " tH...... . "; " . ...... "; " ...Ht... "; |]
let is_head w x y =
try if w.(x).[y] = 'H' then 1 else 0 with _ -> 0
let neighborhood_heads w x y =
let n = ref 0 in for _x = pred x to succ x do for _y = pred y to succ y do n := !n + (is_head w _x _y) done; done; (!n)
let step w =
let n = Array.init (Array.length w) (fun i -> String.copy w.(i)) in let width = Array.length w and height = String.length w.(0) in for x = 0 to pred width do for y = 0 to pred height do n.(x).[y] <- ( match w.(x).[y] with | ' ' -> ' ' | 'H' -> 't' | 't' -> '.' | '.' -> (match neighborhood_heads w x y with | 1 | 2 -> 'H' | _ -> '.') | _ -> assert false) done; done; (n)
let print = (Array.iter print_endline)
let () =
let rec aux w = Unix.sleep 1; let n = step w in print n; aux n in aux w</lang>
Oz
Includes a simple animation, using a text widget. <lang oz>declare
Rules = [rule(& & ) rule(&H &t) rule(&t &.) rule(&. &H when:fun {$ Neighbours} fun {IsHead X} X == &H end Hs = {Filter Neighbours IsHead} Len = {Length Hs} in Len == 1 orelse Len == 2 end) rule(&. &.)]
Init = ["tH........." ". . " " ... " ". . " "Ht.. ......"]
MaxGen = 100
%% G(i) -> G(i+1) fun {Evolve Gi} fun {Get X#Y} Row = {CondSelect Gi Y unit} in {CondSelect Row X & } %% cells beyond boundaries are empty end fun {GetNeighbors X Y} {Map [X-1#Y-1 X#Y-1 X+1#Y-1 X-1#Y X+1#Y X-1#Y+1 X#Y+1 X+1#Y+1] Get} end in {Record.mapInd Gi fun {$ Y Row} {Record.mapInd Row fun {$ X C} for Rule in Rules return:Return do if C == Rule.1 then
When = {CondSelect Rule when {Const true}} in if {When {GetNeighbors X Y}} then {Return Rule.2} end end end
end} end} end
%% Create an arena from a list of strings. fun {ReadArena LinesList} {List.toTuple '#' {Map LinesList fun {$ Line} {List.toTuple row Line} end}} end %% Converts an arena to a virtual string fun {ShowArena G} {Record.map G fun {$ L} {Record.toList L}#"\n" end} end
%% helpers fun lazy {Iterate F V} V|{Iterate F {F V}} end fun {Const X} fun {$ _} X end end %% prepare GUI [QTk]={Module.link ["x-oz://system/wp/QTk.ozf"]} GenDisplay Field GUI = td(label(handle:GenDisplay) label(handle:Field font:{QTk.newFont font(family:'Courier')}) ) {{QTk.build GUI} show}
G0 = {ReadArena Init} Gn = {Iterate Evolve G0}
in
for Gi in Gn I in 0..MaxGen do {GenDisplay set(text:"Gen. "#I)} {Field set(text:{ShowArena Gi})} {Delay 500} end</lang>
PARI/GP
<lang parigp>\\ 0 = conductor, 1 = tail, 2 = head, 3 = empty wireworldStep(M)={ my(sz=matsize(M),t); matrix(sz[1],sz[2],x,y, t=M[x,y]; if(t, [0,1,3][t] , t=sum(i=max(x-1,1),min(x+1,sz[1]), sum(j=max(y-1,1),min(y+1,sz[2]), M[i,j]==2 ) ); if(t==1|t==2,2,3) ) ) }; animate(M)={ while(1,display(M=wireworldStep(M))) }; display(M)={ my(sz=matsize(M),t); for(i=1,sz[1], for(j=1,sz[2], t=M[i,j]; print1([".","t","H"," "][t+1]) ); print ) }; animate(read("wireworld.gp"))</lang>
Perl
Read the initial World from stdin and print 10 steps to stdout <lang perl>my @f = ([],(map {chomp;[,( split // ),]} <>),[]);
for (1 .. 10) { print join "", map {"@$_\n"} @f; my @a = ([]); for my $y (1 .. $#f-1) { my $r = $f[$y]; my $rr = []; for my $x (1 .. $#$r-1) { my $c = $r->[$x]; push @$rr, $c eq 'H' ? 't' : $c eq 't' ? '.' : $c eq '.' ? (join(, map {"@{$f[$_]}[$x-1 .. $x+1]"=~/H/g} ($y-1 .. $y+1)) =~ /^H{1,2}$/ ? 'H' : '.') : $c; } push @$rr, ; push @a, $rr; } @f = (@a,[]); }</lang> Input:
tH......... . . ... . . Ht.. ......
- Output:
t H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H t . . . . . . . . . t H . . . . . . . . H . . . . H . t . . . . . . . . . H . t H . . . . . . . t . . . . t . . H . . . . . . . . t H . t H . . . . . . . H . . . . . H t H . . . . . . . . t H . t H . . . . . H t H H H H . t . t H . . . . . . H . t H . t H . . . . t . t t t t . . H . t . . . . . . t H . t H . t H . . . . H . . . . . H t H . . . . . . . . t H . t H . t H . . H t H H H H . t . t H . . . . . . H . t H . t H . t H . t . t t t t . . H . t . . . . . . t H . t H . t H . t H . H . . . . . H t H . . . . . . .
Phix
<lang Phix>-- demo\rosetta\Wireworld.exw -- -- Invoke with file to read or let it read the one below (if compiled assumes source is in the same directory) -- -- Note that tabs in description files are not supported - where necessary spaces can be replaced with _ chars. -- (tab chars in text files should technically always represent (to-next) 8 spaces, but not many editors respect -- that, and instead assume the file will only ever be read by the same program/with matching settings. </rant>) -- (see also demo\edix\src\tabs.e\ExpandTabs() for what you'd need if you knew what tab chars really meant.) -- /* -- default description: tH......... .___. ___... .___. Ht.. ......
- /
sequence lines, counts integer longest
function valid_line(string line, integer l=0)
if length(line)=0 then return 0 end if for i=1 to length(line) do integer ch = line[i] if not find(ch," _.tH") then if l and ch='\t' then -- as above printf(1,"error: tab char on line %d\n",{l}) {} = wait_key() abort(0) end if return 0 end if end for return 1
end function
procedure load_desc()
string filename = substitute(command_line()[$],".exe",".exw") integer fn = open(filename,"r") if fn=-1 then printf(1,"error opening %s\n",{filename}) {} = wait_key() abort(0) end if sequence text = get_text(fn,GT_LF_STRIPPED) close(fn) lines = {} for i=1 to length(text) do string line = text[i] if valid_line(line) then lines = {line} longest = length(line) for j=i+1 to length(text) do line = text[j] if not valid_line(line,j) then exit end if lines = append(lines,line) if longest<length(line) then longest = length(line) end if end for exit end if end for counts = lines
end procedure
constant dxy = {{-1,-1}, {-1,+0}, {-1,+1},
{+0,-1}, {+0,+1}, {+1,-1}, {+1,+0}, {+1,+1}}
procedure set_counts()
for y=1 to length(lines) do for x=1 to length(lines[y]) do if lines[y][x]='.' then integer count = 0 for k=1 to length(dxy) do integer {cx,cy} = sq_add({x,y},dxy[k]) if cy>=1 and cy<=length(lines) and cx>=1 and cx<=length(lines[cy]) and lines[cy][cx]='H' then count += 1 end if end for counts[y][x] = (count=1 or count=2) end if end for end for
end procedure
include pGUI.e
Ihandle dlg, canvas, timer cdCanvas cddbuffer, cdcanvas
function redraw_cb(Ihandle /*ih*/, integer /*posx*/, integer /*posy*/)
integer {w, h} = IupGetIntInt(canvas, "DRAWSIZE") integer dx = floor(w/(longest+2)) integer dy = floor(h/(length(lines)+2)) cdCanvasActivate(cddbuffer) cdCanvasClear(cddbuffer) set_counts() for y=1 to length(lines) do for x=1 to length(lines[y]) do integer c = lines[y][x], colour if find(c," _") then colour = CD_BLACK elsif c='.' then colour = CD_YELLOW if counts[y][x] then lines[y][x] = 'H' end if elsif c='H' then colour = CD_BLUE lines[y][x] = 't' elsif c='t' then colour = CD_RED lines[y][x] = '.' end if cdCanvasSetForeground(cddbuffer, colour) cdCanvasBox(cddbuffer,x*dx,x*dx+dx,h-y*dy,h-(y*dy+dy)) end for end for cdCanvasFlush(cddbuffer) return IUP_DEFAULT
end function
function timer_cb(Ihandle /*ih*/)
IupUpdate(canvas) return IUP_IGNORE
end function
function map_cb(Ihandle ih)
cdcanvas = cdCreateCanvas(CD_IUP, ih) cddbuffer = cdCreateCanvas(CD_DBUFFER, cdcanvas) cdCanvasSetBackground(cddbuffer, CD_BLACK) return IUP_DEFAULT
end function
procedure main()
load_desc() IupOpen()
canvas = IupCanvas(NULL) IupSetAttribute(canvas, "RASTERSIZE", "300x180") IupSetCallback(canvas, "MAP_CB", Icallback("map_cb")) IupSetCallback(canvas, "ACTION", Icallback("redraw_cb"))
timer = IupTimer(Icallback("timer_cb"), 500)
dlg = IupDialog(canvas) IupSetAttribute(dlg, "TITLE", "Wireworld")
IupShow(dlg) IupSetAttribute(canvas, "RASTERSIZE", NULL) IupMainLoop() IupClose()
end procedure
main()</lang>
PHP
<lang PHP> $desc = 'tH......... . .
........
. . Ht.. ......
..
tH.... .......
..
..
tH..... ......
..';
$steps = 30;
//fill in the world with the cells $world = array(array()); $row = 0; $col = 0; foreach(str_split($desc) as $i){
switch($i){ case "\n": $row++; //if($col > $width) $width = $col; $col = 0; $world[] = array(); break; case '.': $world[$row][$col] = 1;//conductor $col++; break; case 'H': $world[$row][$col] = 2;//head $col++; break; case 't': $world[$row][$col] = 3;//tail $col++; break; default: $world[$row][$col] = 0;//insulator/air $col++; break; };
}; function draw_world($world){
foreach($world as $rowc){ foreach($rowc as $cell){ switch($cell){ case 0: echo ' '; break; case 1: echo '.'; break; case 2: echo 'H'; break; case 3: echo 't'; }; }; echo "\n"; }; //var_export($world);
}; echo "Original world:\n"; draw_world($world); for($i = 0; $i < $steps; $i++){
$old_world = $world; //backup to look up where was an electron head foreach($world as $row => &$rowc){ foreach($rowc as $col => &$cell){ switch($cell){ case 2: $cell = 3; break; case 3: $cell = 1; break; case 1: $neigh_heads = (int) @$old_world[$row - 1][$col - 1] == 2; $neigh_heads += (int) @$old_world[$row - 1][$col] == 2; $neigh_heads += (int) @$old_world[$row - 1][$col + 1] == 2; $neigh_heads += (int) @$old_world[$row][$col - 1] == 2; $neigh_heads += (int) @$old_world[$row][$col + 1] == 2; $neigh_heads += (int) @$old_world[$row + 1][$col - 1] == 2; $neigh_heads += (int) @$old_world[$row + 1][$col] == 2; if($neigh_heads == 1 || $neigh_heads == 2){ $cell = 2; }; }; }; unset($cell); //just to be safe }; unset($rowc); //just to be safe echo "\nStep " . ($i + 1) . ":\n"; draw_world($world);
}; </lang>
PicoLisp
This example uses 'grid' from "lib/simul.l", which maintains a two-dimensional structure. <lang PicoLisp>(load "@lib/simul.l")
(let
(Data (in "wire.data" (make (while (line) (link @)))) Grid (grid (length (car Data)) (length Data)) ) (mapc '((G D) (mapc put G '(val .) D)) Grid (apply mapcar (flip Data) list) ) (loop (disp Grid T '((This) (pack " " (: val) " ")) ) (wait 1000) (for Col Grid (for This Col (case (=: next (: val)) ("H" (=: next "t")) ("t" (=: next ".")) ("." (when (>= 2 (cnt # Count neighbors '((Dir) (= "H" (get (Dir This) 'val))) (quote west east south north ((X) (south (west X))) ((X) (north (west X))) ((X) (south (east X))) ((X) (north (east X))) ) ) 1 ) (=: next "H") ) ) ) ) ) (for Col Grid # Update (for This Col (=: val (: next)) ) ) (prinl) ) )</lang>
- Output:
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 5 | t | H | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 4 | . | | | | . | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 3 | | | | . | . | . | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 2 | . | | | | . | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 1 | H | t | . | . | | . | . | . | . | . | . | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h i j k +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 5 | . | t | H | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 4 | H | | | | . | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 3 | | | | . | . | . | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 2 | H | | | | . | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 1 | t | . | . | . | | . | . | . | . | . | . | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h i j k +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 5 | H | . | t | H | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 4 | t | | | | . | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 3 | | | | . | . | . | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 2 | t | | | | . | | | | | | | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ 1 | . | H | . | . | | . | . | . | . | . | . | +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h i j k
PureBasic
Standalone version
<lang PureBasic>Enumeration
#Empty #Electron_head #Electron_tail #Conductor
EndEnumeration
- Delay=100
- XSize=23
- YSize=12
Procedure Limit(n, min, max)
If n<min n=min ElseIf n>max n=max EndIf ProcedureReturn n
EndProcedure
Procedure Moore_neighborhood(Array World(2),x,y)
Protected cnt=0, i, j For i=Limit(x-1, 0, #XSize) To Limit(x+1, 0, #XSize) For j=Limit(y-1, 0, #YSize) To Limit(y+1, 0, #YSize) If World(i,j)=#Electron_head cnt+1 EndIf Next Next ProcedureReturn cnt
EndProcedure
Procedure PresentWireWorld(Array World(2))
Protected x,y ;ClearConsole() For y=0 To #YSize For x=0 To #XSize ConsoleLocate(x,y) Select World(x,y) Case #Electron_head ConsoleColor(12,0): Print("#") Case #Electron_tail ConsoleColor(4,0): Print("#") Case #Conductor ConsoleColor(6,0): Print("#") Default ConsoleColor(15,0): Print(" ") EndSelect Next PrintN("") Next
EndProcedure
Procedure UpdateWireWorld(Array World(2))
Dim NewArray(#XSize,#YSize) Protected i, j For i=0 To #XSize For j=0 To #YSize Select World(i,j) Case #Electron_head NewArray(i,j)=#Electron_tail Case #Electron_tail NewArray(i,j)=#Conductor Case #Conductor Define m=Moore_neighborhood(World(),i,j) If m=1 Or m=2 NewArray(i,j)=#Electron_head Else NewArray(i,j)=#Conductor EndIf Default ; e.g. should be Empty NewArray(i,j)=#Empty EndSelect Next Next CopyArray(NewArray(),World())
EndProcedure
If OpenConsole()
EnableGraphicalConsole(#True) ConsoleTitle("XOR() WireWorld") ;- Set up the WireWorld Dim WW.i(#XSize,#YSize) Define x, y Restore StartWW For y=0 To #YSize For x=0 To #XSize Read.i WW(x,y) Next Next ;- Start the WireWorld simulation Repeat PresentWireWorld(WW()) UpdateWireWorld(WW()) Delay(#Delay) ForEver
EndIf
DataSection
StartWW: Data.i 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 Data.i 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 Data.i 0,0,0,3,3,3,3,2,1,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 Data.i 0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 Data.i 0,0,0,2,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0 Data.i 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,3,0,0,0,0 Data.i 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,3,3,3,3,3 Data.i 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,3,0,0,0,0 Data.i 0,0,0,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0 Data.i 0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 Data.i 0,0,0,2,3,3,3,3,1,2,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 Data.i 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 Data.i 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
EndDataSection</lang>
Load from external source, graphical presentations
<lang PureBasic>CompilerIf #PB_Compiler_Unicode
CompilerError "The file handling in this small program is only in ASCII."
CompilerEndIf
Enumeration
#Empty #Electron_head #Electron_tail #Conductor #COL_Empty = $000000 #COL_Electron_head = $5100FE #COL_Electron_tail = $6A3595 #COL_Conductor = $62C4FF #WW_Window = 0 #WW_IGadget = 0 #WW_Timer = 0 #WW_Image = 0
EndEnumeration
- Delay=100
Global XSize, YSize
Procedure Limit(n, min, max)
If n<min: n=min ElseIf n>max: n=max EndIf ProcedureReturn n
EndProcedure
Procedure Moore_neighborhood(Array World(2),x,y)
Protected cnt=0, i, j For i=Limit(x-1, 0, XSize) To Limit(x+1, 0, XSize) For j=Limit(y-1, 0, YSize) To Limit(y+1, 0, YSize) If World(i,j)=#Electron_head cnt+1 EndIf Next Next ProcedureReturn cnt
EndProcedure
Procedure PresentWireWorld(Array World(2))
Protected x,y StartDrawing(ImageOutput(#WW_Image)) For y=0 To YSize-1 For x=0 To XSize-1 Select World(x,y) Case #Electron_head Plot(x,y,#COL_Electron_head) Case #Electron_tail Plot(x,y,#COL_Electron_tail) Case #Conductor Plot(x,y,#COL_Conductor) Default Plot(x,y,#COL_Empty) EndSelect Next Next StopDrawing() ImageGadget(#WW_IGadget,0,0,XSize,YSize,ImageID(#WW_Image))
EndProcedure
Procedure UpdateWireWorld(Array World(2))
Dim NewArray(XSize,YSize) Protected i, j For i=0 To XSize For j=0 To YSize Select World(i,j) Case #Electron_head NewArray(i,j)=#Electron_tail Case #Electron_tail NewArray(i,j)=#Conductor Case #Conductor Define m=Moore_neighborhood(World(),i,j) If m=1 Or m=2 NewArray(i,j)=#Electron_head Else NewArray(i,j)=#Conductor EndIf Default ; e.g. should be Empty NewArray(i,j)=#Empty EndSelect Next Next CopyArray(NewArray(),World())
EndProcedure
Procedure LoadDataFromFile(File$,Array A(2))
Define Line$, x, y, *c.Character If OpenFile(0,File$) ; ; Count non-commented lines & length of the first line, e.g. get Array(x,y) While Not Eof(0) Line$=Trim(ReadString(0)) *c=@Line$ If Not PeekC(*c)=';' y+1 If Not x While PeekC(*c)>='0' And PeekC(*c)<='3' x+1: *c+1 Wend EndIf EndIf Wend XSize=x: YSize=y Dim A(XSize,YSize) ; ; Read in the Wire-World y=0 FileSeek(0,0) While Not Eof(0) Line$=Trim(ReadString(0)) *c=@Line$ If Not PeekC(*c)=';' x=0 While x<XSize A(x,y)=PeekC(*c)-'0' x+1: *c+1 Wend y+1 EndIf Wend CloseFile(0) EndIf
EndProcedure
- Title="WireWorld, PureBasic"
If OpenWindow(#WW_Window,0,0,XSize,YSize,#Title,#PB_Window_SystemMenu)
Dim WW.i(0,0) Define Pattern$ = "Text (*.txt)|*.txt", Pattern = 0 Define DefFile$ = "WireWorld.txt", Event Define Title$ = "Please choose file To load" Define File$ = OpenFileRequester(Title$, DefFile$, Pattern$, Pattern) AddWindowTimer(#WW_Window,#WW_Timer,#Delay) LoadDataFromFile(File$,WW()) ResizeWindow(#WW_Window,0,0,XSize,YSize) CreateImage(#WW_Image,XSize,YSize) Repeat Event=WaitWindowEvent() If Event=#PB_Event_Timer PresentWireWorld(WW()) UpdateWireWorld (WW()) EndIf Until Event=#PB_Event_CloseWindow
EndIf</lang> Example of data file to load
; Save as "WireWorld.txt" ; ; ;=Comment ; 0=Empty Cell ; 1=Electron Head ; 2=Electron Tail ; 3=Conductor ; ; All lines nees to be of the same length, ; and containing only the defined values. ; ; ; Start of World ; 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000030030000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000300030000000000000000000000000 000333321330000000000000000000000033330003000030000000000000000000000000 001000000003333330000000000000000030030030000030000000000000000000000000 000233333330000003000000000000000030003300033330000000000000000000000000 000000000000000033330000333000000030000000030003330000000000000000000000 000000000000000030033333300333333333333333333333003333333333333333333333 000000000000000033330000333000000000000000000003330000030000000000000000 000333333330000003000000000000000000000000000000000000030000000000000000 001000000003333330000000033333330033333330000000000000030000000000000000 000233331230000000000000030000030030000030000000000033333333300000000000 000000000000000000000000030000030030000300000000000300000003000000000000 000000000000000000000000033333330033333000000000000003000033000000000000 000000000000000000000000030000000030000300000000000000333030000000000000 000000000000000000000000030000000030000030000000000000300033333333333330 000333321330000000000000030000000030000030003330000000333000000000000000 001000000003333330000000030000000003333300003330000000000000000000000000 000233333330000003000000300000000003000000003000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000033330003000033000030000000030000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000030033333333330333333333333333333333333333333333333333333 000000000000000033330000000033003000000000000000300000000000000000000000 000333333330000003000000000000003000000000000000300000000000000000000000 001000000003333330000000000000003000000000000000300000000000000000000000 000233331230000000000000000000003330000000000000300000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000030000000000000300000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000030000000000003333000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000030000000000003003333333333333333333333 000000000000000000000000000000000030000000000003333000000000000000000000 000333321330000000000000000000000003333000000000300000000000000000000000 001000000003333330000000000000000003003000000000300000000000000000000000 000233333330000003000000000000000003003333333333300000000000000000000000 000000000000000033330000330000000003000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000030033333303333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333 000000000000000033330000330000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003 000333333330000003000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003 001000000003333330000000003333333333333333333333333333333333333333333003 000233331230000000000000030000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003 000000000000000333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333 000000000000000300000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
Python
<lang python> Wireworld implementation.
from io import StringIO from collections import namedtuple from pprint import pprint as pp import copy
WW = namedtuple('WW', 'world, w, h') head, tail, conductor, empty = allstates = 'Ht. '
infile = StringIO(\
tH.........
. .
...
. . Ht.. ......\ )
def readfile(f):
file > initial world configuration world = [row.rstrip('\r\n') for row in f] height = len(world) width = max(len(row) for row in world) # fill right and frame in empty cells nonrow = [ " %*s " % (-width, "") ] world = nonrow + \ [ " %*s " % (-width, row) for row in world ] + \ nonrow world = [list(row) for row in world] return WW(world, width, height)
def newcell(currentworld, x, y):
istate = currentworld[y][x] assert istate in allstates, 'Wireworld cell set to unknown value "%s"' % istate if istate == head: ostate = tail elif istate == tail: ostate = conductor elif istate == empty: ostate = empty else: # istate == conductor n = sum( currentworld[y+dy][x+dx] == head for dx,dy in ( (-1,-1), (-1,+0), (-1,+1), (+0,-1), (+0,+1), (+1,-1), (+1,+0), (+1,+1) ) ) ostate = head if 1 <= n <= 2 else conductor return ostate
def nextgen(ww):
'compute next generation of wireworld' world, width, height = ww newworld = copy.deepcopy(world) for x in range(1, width+1): for y in range(1, height+1): newworld[y][x] = newcell(world, x, y) return WW(newworld, width, height)
def world2string(ww):
return '\n'.join( .join(row[1:-1]).rstrip() for row in ww.world[1:-1] )
ww = readfile(infile) infile.close()
for gen in range(10):
print ( ("\n%3i " % gen) + '=' * (ww.w-4) + '\n' ) print ( world2string(ww) ) ww = nextgen(ww)</lang>
- Output:
0 ======= tH......... . . ... . . Ht.. ...... 1 ======= .tH........ H . ... H . t... ...... 2 ======= H.tH....... t . ... t . .H.. ...... 3 ======= tH.tH...... . H ... . . HtH. ...... 4 ======= .tH.tH..... H t HHH H . t.tH ...... 5 ======= H.tH.tH.... t . ttt t . .H.t ...... 6 ======= tH.tH.tH... . H ... . . HtH. ...... 7 ======= .tH.tH.tH.. H t HHH H . t.tH ...... 8 ======= H.tH.tH.tH. t . ttt t . .H.t ...... 9 ======= tH.tH.tH.tH . H ... . . HtH. ......
Racket
<lang racket>
- lang racket
(require 2htdp/universe) (require 2htdp/image) (require racket/fixnum)
- see the forest fire task, from which this is derived...
(define-struct wire-world (width height cells) #:prefab)
(define state:_ 0) (define state:. 1) (define state:H 2) (define state:t 3)
(define (char->state c)
(case c ((#\_ #\space) state:_) ((#\.) state:.) ((#\H) state:H) ((#\t) state:t)))
(define (initial-world l)
(let ((h (length l)) (w (string-length (first l)))) (make-wire-world w h (for*/fxvector #:length (* h w) ((row (in-list l)) (cell (in-string row))) (char->state cell)))))
(define initial-list
'("tH........." ". . " " ... " ". . " "Ht.. ......"))
(define-syntax-rule (count-neighbours-in-state ww wh wc r# c# state-to-match)
(for/sum ((r (in-range (- r# 1) (+ r# 2))) #:when (< -1 r wh) (c (in-range (- c# 1) (+ c# 2))) #:when (< -1 c ww) ;; note, this will check cell at (r#, c#), too but it's not ;; worth checking that r=r# and c=c# each time in ;; this case, we know that (r#, c#) is a conductor: ; #:unless (and (= r# r) (= c# c)) (i (in-value (+ (* r ww) c))) #:when (= state-to-match (fxvector-ref wc i))) 1))
(define (cell-new-state ww wh wc row col)
(let ((cell (fxvector-ref wc (+ col (* row ww))))) (cond ((= cell state:_) cell) ; empty -> empty ((= cell state:t) state:.) ; tail -> empty ((= cell state:H) state:t) ; head -> tail ((<= 1 (count-neighbours-in-state ww wh wc row col state:H) 2) state:H) (else cell))))
(define (wire-world-tick world)
(define ww (wire-world-width world)) (define wh (wire-world-height world)) (define wc (wire-world-cells world)) (define (/w x) (quotient x ww)) (define (%w x) (remainder x ww)) (make-wire-world ww wh (for/fxvector #:length (* ww wh) ((cell (in-fxvector wc)) (r# (sequence-map /w (in-naturals))) (c# (sequence-map %w (in-naturals)))) (cell-new-state ww wh wc r# c#))))
(define colour:_ (make-color 0 0 0)) ; black (define colour:. (make-color 128 128 128)) ; grey (define colour:H (make-color 128 255 255)) ; bright cyan (define colour:t (make-color 0 128 128)) ; dark cyan
(define colour-vector (vector colour:_ colour:. colour:H colour:t)) (define (cell-state->colour state) (vector-ref colour-vector state))
(define render-scaling 20) (define (render-world W)
(define ww (wire-world-width W)) (define wh (wire-world-height W)) (define wc (wire-world-cells W)) (let* ((flat-state (for/list ((cell (in-fxvector wc))) (cell-state->colour cell)))) (place-image (scale render-scaling (color-list->bitmap flat-state ww wh)) (* ww (/ render-scaling 2)) (* wh (/ render-scaling 2)) (empty-scene (* render-scaling ww) (* render-scaling wh)))))
(define (run-wire-world #:initial-state W)
(big-bang (initial-world W) ;; initial state [on-tick wire-world-tick 1/8 ; tick time (seconds) ] [to-draw render-world]))
(run-wire-world #:initial-state initial-list) </lang>
Raku
(formerly Perl 6)
<lang perl6>class Wireworld {
has @.line; method height () { @!line.elems } has int $.width;
multi method new(@line) { samewith :@line, :width(max @line».chars) } multi method new($str ) { samewith $str.lines }
method gist { join "\n", @.line }
method !neighbors($i where ^$.height, $j where ^$.width) { my @i = grep ^$.height, $i «+« (-1, 0, 1); my @j = grep ^$.width, $j «+« (-1, 0, 1); gather for @i X @j -> (\i, \j) { next if [ i, j ] ~~ [ $i, $j ]; take @!line[i].comb[j]; } } method succ { my @succ; for ^$.height X ^$.width -> ($i, $j) { @succ[$i] ~= do given @!line[$i].comb[$j] { when 'H' { 't' } when 't' { '.' } when '.' { grep('H', self!neighbors($i, $j)) == 1|2 ?? 'H' !! '.' } default { ' ' } } } return self.new: @succ; }
}
my %*SUB-MAIN-OPTS; %*SUB-MAIN-OPTS<named-anywhere> = True;
multi sub MAIN (
IO() $filename, Numeric:D :$interval = 1/4, Bool :$stop-on-repeat,
) {
run-loop :$interval, :$stop-on-repeat, Wireworld.new: $filename.slurp;
}
- | run a built-in example
multi sub MAIN (
Numeric:D :$interval = 1/4, Bool :$stop-on-repeat,
) {
run-loop :$interval, :$stop-on-repeat, Wireworld.new: Q:to/END/ tH......... . . ... . . Ht.. ...... END
}
sub run-loop (
Wireworld:D $initial, Real:D(Numeric) :$interval = 1/4, Bool :$stop-on-repeat
){
my %seen is SetHash;
for $initial ...^ * eqv * { # generate a sequence (uses .succ) print "\e[2J"; say '#' x $initial.width; .say; say '#' x $initial.width;
if $stop-on-repeat { last if %seen{ .gist }++; }
sleep $interval; }
}</lang>
When run with --stop-on-repeat
- Output:
########### H.tH.tH.tH. t . ttt t . .H.t ...... ###########
REXX
<lang rexx>/*REXX program displays a wire world Cartesian grid of four─state cells. */ parse arg iFID . '(' generations rows cols bare head tail wire clearScreen reps if iFID== then iFID= "WIREWORLD.TXT" /*should default input file be used? */
bla = 'BLANK' /*the "name" for a blank. */
generations = p(generations 100 ) /*number generations that are allowed. */
rows = p(rows 3 ) /*the number of cell rows. */ cols = p(cols 3 ) /* " " " " columns. */ bare = pickChar(bare bla ) /*character used to show an empty cell.*/
clearScreen = p(clearScreen 0 ) /*1 means to clear the screen. */
head = pickChar(head 'H' ) /*pick the character for the head. */ tail = pickChar(tail 't' ) /* " " " " " tail. */ wire = pickChar(wire . ) /* " " " " " wire. */ reps = p(reps 2 ) /*stop program if there are 2 repeats.*/
fents= max(cols, linesize() - 1) /*the fence width used after displaying*/
- reps= 0; $.= bare; gens= abs(generations) /*at start, universe is new and barren.*/
/* [↓] read the input file. */ do r=1 while lines(iFID)\==0 /*keep reading until the End─Of─File. */ q= strip( linein(iFID), 'T') /*get a line from input file. */ L= length(q); cols= max(cols, L) /*calculate maximum number of columns. */ do c=1 for L; $.r.c= substr(q, c, 1) /*assign the cells for the R row. */ end /*c*/ end /*r*/
!.= 0; signal on halt /*initial state of cells; handle halt.*/ rows= r - 1; life= 0; call showCells /*display initial state of the cells. */
/*watch cells evolve, 4 possible states*/ do life=1 for gens; @.= bare /*perform for the number of generations*/ do r=1 for rows /*process each of the rows. */ do c=1 for cols; ?= $.r.c; ??= ? /* " " " " columns. */ select /*determine the type of cell. */ when ?==head then ??= tail when ?==tail then ??= wire when ?==wire then do; #= hood(); if #==1 | #==2 then ??= head; end otherwise nop end /*select*/ @.r.c= ?? /*possible assign a cell a new state.*/ end /*c*/ end /*r*/
call assign$ /*assign alternate cells ──► real world*/ if generations>0 | life==gens then call showCells end /*life*/ /*stop watching the universe (or life).*/
halt: if life-1\==gens then say 'The ───Wireworld─── program was interrupted by user.' done: exit 0 /*stick a fork in it, we are all done.*/ /*───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ $: parse arg _row,_col; return $._row._col==head assign$: do r=1 for rows; do c=1 for cols; $.r.c= @.r.c; end; end; return hood: return $(r-1,c-1) + $(r-1,c) + $(r-1,c+1) + $(r,c-1) + $(r,c+1) + $(r+1,c-1) + $(r+1,c) + $(r+1,c+1) p: return word(arg(1), 1) /*pick the 1st word in list.*/ pickChar: parse arg _ .;arg U .;L=length(_);if U==bla then _=' '; if L==3 then _=d2c(_);if L==2 then _=x2c(_);return _ showRows: _=; do r=1 for rows; z=; do c=1 for cols; z= z||$.r.c; end; z= strip(z,'T'); say z; _= _||z; end; return /*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ showCells: if clearScreen then 'CLS' /*◄──change CLS for the host*/
call showRows /*show rows in proper order.*/ say right( copies('═', fents)life, fents) /*display a title for cells.*/ if _== then signal done /*No life? Then stop run. */ if !._ then #reps= #reps + 1 /*detected repeated pattern.*/ !._= 1 /*it is now an extant state.*/ if reps\==0 & #reps<=reps then return /*so far, so good, no reps.*/ say '"Wireworld" repeated itself' reps "times, the program is stopping." signal done /*jump to this pgm's "exit".*/</lang>
Programming note: the hood subroutine (above) could be optimized for speed by setting some short-circuit values (r-1, c-1, r+1, and c+1)
and using those values in the subsequent expressions.
This REXX program makes use of the linesize REXX program (or BIF) which is used to determine the screen width (or linesize) of the terminal (console).
The LINESIZE.REX REXX program is included here ──► LINESIZE.REX.
- output when using the default input file:
(Cycle 0 (zero) is essentially a copy of the input file.)
tH......... . . ... . . Ht.. ...... ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════0 .tH........ H . ... H . t... ...... ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════1 H.tH....... t . ... t . .H.. ...... ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════2 tH.tH...... . H ... . . HtH. ...... ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════3 .tH.tH..... H t HHH H . t.tH ...... ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════4 H.tH.tH.... t . ttt t . .H.t ...... ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════5 tH.tH.tH... . H ... . . HtH. ...... ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════6 .tH.tH.tH.. H t HHH H . t.tH ...... ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════7 H.tH.tH.tH. t . ttt t . .H.t ...... ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════8 tH.tH.tH.tH . H ... . . HtH. ...... ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════9 .tH.tH.tH.t H t HHH H . t.tH ...... ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════10 H.tH.tH.tH. t . ttt t . .H.t ...... ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════11 tH.tH.tH.tH . H ... . . HtH. ...... ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════12 .tH.tH.tH.t H t HHH H . t.tH ...... ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════13 "Wireworld" repeated itself 2 times, the program is stopping.
Ruby
See: Wireworld/Ruby
Rust
<lang rust>use std::str::FromStr;
- [derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]
pub enum State {
Empty, Conductor, ElectronTail, ElectronHead,
}
impl State {
fn next(&self, e_nearby: usize) -> State { match self { State::Empty => State::Empty, State::Conductor => { if e_nearby == 1 || e_nearby == 2 { State::ElectronHead } else { State::Conductor } } State::ElectronTail => State::Conductor, State::ElectronHead => State::ElectronTail, } }
}
- [derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
pub struct WireWorld {
pub width: usize, pub height: usize, pub data: Vec<State>,
}
impl WireWorld {
pub fn new(width: usize, height: usize) -> Self { WireWorld { width, height, data: vec![State::Empty; width * height], } }
pub fn get(&self, x: usize, y: usize) -> Option<State> { if x >= self.width || y >= self.height { None } else { self.data.get(y * self.width + x).copied() } }
pub fn set(&mut self, x: usize, y: usize, state: State) { self.data[y * self.width + x] = state; }
fn neighbors<F>(&self, x: usize, y: usize, mut f: F) -> usize where F: FnMut(State) -> bool { let (x, y) = (x as i32, y as i32); let neighbors = [(x-1,y-1),(x-1,y),(x-1,y+1),(x,y-1),(x,y+1),(x+1,y-1),(x+1,y),(x+1,y+1)];
neighbors.iter().filter_map(|&(x, y)| self.get(x as usize, y as usize)).filter(|&s| f(s)).count() }
pub fn next(&mut self) { let mut next_state = vec![]; for y in 0..self.height { for x in 0..self.width { let e_count = self.neighbors(x, y, |e| e == State::ElectronHead); next_state.push(self.get(x, y).unwrap().next(e_count)); } } self.data = next_state; }
}
impl FromStr for WireWorld {
type Err = (); fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<WireWorld, ()> { let s = s.trim(); let height = s.lines().count(); let width = s.lines().map(|l| l.trim_end().len()).max().unwrap_or(0); let mut world = WireWorld::new(width, height);
for (y, line) in s.lines().enumerate() { for (x, ch) in line.trim_end().chars().enumerate() { let state = match ch { '.' => State::Conductor, 't' => State::ElectronTail, 'H' => State::ElectronHead, _ => State::Empty, }; world.set(x, y, state); } } Ok(world) }
}</lang>
graphical output using winit 0.24 and pixels 0.2 <lang rust>use pixels::{Pixels, SurfaceTexture}; use winit::event::*; use winit::event_loop::{ControlFlow, EventLoop}; use winit::window::WindowBuilder; use std::{env, fs};
mod wireworld; use wireworld::{State, WireWorld};
const EMPTY_COLOR: [u8; 3] = [0x00, 0x00, 0x00]; const WIRE_COLOR: [u8; 3] = [0xFC, 0xF9, 0xF8]; const HEAD_COLOR: [u8; 3] = [0xFC, 0x00, 0x00]; const TAIL_COLOR: [u8; 3] = [0xFC, 0x99, 0x33];
fn main() {
let args: Vec<_> = env::args().collect(); if args.len() < 2 { eprintln!("Error: No Input File"); std::process::exit(1); }
let input_file = fs::read_to_string(&args[1]).unwrap(); let mut world: WireWorld = input_file.parse().unwrap();
let event_loop = EventLoop::new(); let window = WindowBuilder::new() .with_title(format!("Wireworld - {}", args[1])) .build(&event_loop).unwrap(); let size = window.inner_size(); let texture = SurfaceTexture::new(size.width, size.height, &window); let mut image_buffer = Pixels::new(world.width as u32, world.height as u32, texture).unwrap();
event_loop.run(move |ev, _, flow| { match ev { Event::WindowEvent { event: WindowEvent::CloseRequested, .. } => { *flow = ControlFlow::Exit; } Event::WindowEvent { event: WindowEvent::KeyboardInput { input: KeyboardInput { state: ElementState::Pressed, virtual_keycode: Some(VirtualKeyCode::Space), .. }, .. }, .. } => { world.next(); window.request_redraw(); } Event::RedrawRequested(_) => { let frame = image_buffer.get_frame(); for (pixel, state) in frame.chunks_exact_mut(4).zip(world.data.iter()) { let color = match state { State::Empty => EMPTY_COLOR, State::Conductor => WIRE_COLOR, State::ElectronTail => TAIL_COLOR, State::ElectronHead => HEAD_COLOR, }; pixel[0] = color[0]; // R pixel[1] = color[1]; // G pixel[2] = color[2]; // B pixel[3] = 0xFF; // A } image_buffer.render().unwrap(); } _ => {} } });
}</lang>
Sidef
<lang ruby>var f = [[], DATA.lines.map {[, .chars..., ]}..., []];
10.times {
say f.map { .join(" ") + "\n" }.join; var a = [[]]; for y in (1 .. f.end-1) { var r = f[y]; var rr = []; for x in (1 .. r.end-1) { var c = r[x]; rr << ( given(c) { when('H') { 't' } when('t') { '.' } when('.') { <. H>[f.ft(y-1, y+1).map{.ft(x-1, x+1)...}.count('H') ~~ [1,2]] } default { c } } ) } rr << ; a << rr; } f = [a..., []];
}
__DATA__ tH......... . .
...
. . Ht.. ......</lang>
Smalltalk
See: Wireworld/Smalltalk
Standard ML
<lang sml>(* Maximilian Wuttke 12.04.2016 *)
type world = char vector vector
fun getstate (w:world, (x, y)) = (Vector.sub (Vector.sub (w, y), x)) handle Subscript => #" "
fun conductor (w:world, (x, y)) = let val s = [getstate (w, (x-1, y-1)) = #"H", getstate (w, (x-1, y)) = #"H", getstate (w, (x-1, y+1)) = #"H", getstate (w, (x, y-1)) = #"H", getstate (w, (x, y+1)) = #"H", getstate (w, (x+1, y-1)) = #"H", getstate (w, (x+1, y)) = #"H", getstate (w, (x+1, y+1)) = #"H"] (* Count `true` in s *) val count = List.length (List.filter (fn x => x=true) s) in if count = 1 orelse count = 2 then #"H" else #"." end
fun translate (w:world, (x, y)) = case getstate (w, (x, y)) of #" " => #" " | #"H" => #"t" | #"t" => #"." | #"." => conductor (w, (x, y)) | s => s
fun next_world (w : world) = Vector.mapi (fn (y, row) => Vector.mapi (fn (x, _) => translate (w, (x, y))) row) w
(* Test *)
(* makes a list of strings into a world *) fun make_world (rows : string list) : world = Vector.fromList (map (fn (row : string) => Vector.fromList (explode row)) rows)
(* word_str reverses make_world *)
fun vec_str (r:char vector) = implode (List.tabulate (Vector.length r, fn x => Vector.sub (r, x)))
fun world_str (w:world) = List.tabulate (Vector.length w, fn y => vec_str (Vector.sub (w, y)))
fun print_world (w:world) = (map (fn row_str => print (row_str ^ "\n")) (world_str w); ())
val test = make_world [ "tH.........", ". . ", " ... ", ". . ", "Ht.. ......"]</lang>
Tcl
See: Wireworld/Tcl
Ursala
The board is represented as a list of character strings, and the neighborhoods function uses the swin library function twice to construct a two dimensional 3 by 3 sliding window. The rule function maps a pair (cell,neighborhood) to a new cell. <lang Ursala>#import std
rule = case~&l\~&l {`H: `t!, `t: `.!,`.: @r ==`H*~; {'H','HH'}?</`H! `.!}
neighborhoods = ~&thth3hthhttPCPthPTPTX**K7S+ swin3**+ swin3@hNSPiCihNCT+ --<0>*+ 0-*
evolve "n" = @iNC ~&x+ rep"n" ^C\~& rule**+ neighborhoods@h</lang> test program: <lang Ursala>diode =
<
' .. ', 'tH....... .Ht', ' .. '>
- show+
example = mat0 evolve13 diode</lang>
- Output:
.. tH....... .Ht .. .. .tH...... Ht. .. .H ..tH..... t.. .H Ht ...tH...H ... Ht t. ....tH..t ... t. .. .....tH.. ... .. .. ......tH. ... .. H. .......tH ... H. tH ........t ... tH .t ......... H.. .t .. ......... tH. .. .. ......... .tH .. .. ......... ..t .. .. ......... ... ..
Wren
<lang ecmascript>import "/fmt" for Fmt import "/ioutil" for FileUtil, Stdin
var rows = 0 // extent of input configuration var cols = 0 // """ var rx = 0 // grid extent (includes border) var cx = 0 // """ var mn = [] // offsets of Moore neighborhood
var print = Fn.new { |grid|
System.print("__" * cols) System.print() for (r in 1..rows) { for (c in 1..cols) Fmt.write(" $s", grid[r*cx+c]) System.print() }
}
var step = Fn.new { |dst, src|
for (r in 1..rows) { for (c in 1..cols) { var x = r*cx + c dst[x] = src[x] if (dst[x] == "H") { dst[x] = "t" } else if (dst[x] == "t") { dst[x] = "." } else if (dst[x] == ".") { var nn = 0 for (n in mn) { if (src[x+n] == "H") nn = nn + 1 } if (nn == 1 || nn == 2) dst[x] = "H" } } }
}
var srcRows = FileUtil.readLines("ww.config") rows = srcRows.count for (r in srcRows) {
if (r.count > cols) cols = r.count
} rx = rows + 2 cx = cols + 2 mn = [-cx-1, -cx, -cx+1, -1, 1, cx-1, cx, cx+1]
// allocate two grids and copy input into first grid var odd = List.filled(rx*cx, " ") var even = List.filled(rx*cx, " ")
var ri = 0 for (r in srcRows) {
for (i in 0...r.count) { odd[(ri+1)*cx+1+i] = r[i] } ri = ri + 1
}
// run while (true) {
print.call(odd) step.call(even, odd) Stdin.readLine() // wait for enter to be pressed
print.call(even) step.call(odd, even) Stdin.readLine() // ditto
}</lang>
- Output:
Although not shown, same as Go output.
XPL0
<lang XPL0>include c:\cxpl\codes; \intrinsic 'code' declarations char New(53,40), Old(53,40);
proc Block(X0, Y0, C); \Display a colored block int X0, Y0, C; \big (6x5) coordinates, char int X, Y; [case C of \convert char to color
^H: C:= $9; \blue ^t: C:= $C; \red ^.: C:= $E \yellow
other C:= 0; \black for Y:= Y0*5 to Y0*5+4 do \make square blocks by correcting aspect ratio
for X:= X0*6 to X0*6+5 do \ (6x5 = square) Point(X,Y,C);
];
int X, Y, C; [SetVid($13); \set 320x200 graphics display for Y:= 0 to 40-1 do \initialize New with space (empty) characters
for X:= 0 to 53-1 do New(X, Y):= ^ ;
X:= 1; Y:= 1; \read file from command line, skipping borders loop [C:= ChIn(1);
case C of $0D: X:= 1; \carriage return $0A: Y:= Y+1; \line feed $1A: quit \end of file other [New(X,Y):= C; X:= X+1]; ];
repeat C:= Old; Old:= New; New:= C; \swap arrays, by swapping their pointers
for Y:= 1 to 39-1 do \generate New array from Old for X:= 1 to 52-1 do \ (skipping borders) [case Old(X,Y) of ^ : New(X,Y):= ^ ; \copy empty to empty ^H: New(X,Y):= ^t; \convert head to tail ^t: New(X,Y):= ^. \convert tail to conductor other [C:= (Old(X-1,Y-1)=^H) + (Old(X+0,Y-1)=^H) + \head count (Old(X+1,Y-1)=^H) + (Old(X-1,Y+0)=^H) + \ in neigh- (Old(X+1,Y+0)=^H) + (Old(X-1,Y+1)=^H) + \ boring (Old(X+0,Y+1)=^H) + (Old(X+1,Y+1)=^H); \ cells New(X,Y):= if C=-1 or C=-2 then ^H else ^.; \ (true=-1) ]; Block(X, Y, New(X,Y)); \display result ]; Sound(0, 6, 1); \delay about 1/3 second
until KeyHit; \keystroke terminates program SetVid(3); \restore normal text mode ]</lang>
Yabasic
<lang Yabasic>open window 230,130 backcolor 0,0,0 clear window
label circuit DATA " " DATA " tH......... " DATA " . . " DATA " ... " DATA " . . " DATA " Ht.. ...... " DATA " " DATA ""
do read a$ if a$ = "" break n = n + 1 redim t$(n) t$(n) = a$+a$ loop
size = len(t$(1))/2 E2 = size first = true Orig = 0 Dest = E2
do
for y = 2 to n-1 for x = 2 to E2-1 switch mid$(t$(y),x+Orig,1) case " ": color 32,32,32 : mid$(t$(y),x+Dest,1) = " " : break case "H": color 0,0,255 : mid$(t$(y),x+Dest,1) = "t" : break case "t": color 255,0,0 : mid$(t$(y),x+Dest,1) = "." : break case ".": color 255,200,0 t = 0 for y1 = y-1 to y+1 for x1 = x-1 to x+1 t = t + ("H" = mid$(t$(y1),x1+Orig,1)) next x1 next y1 if t=1 or t=2 then mid$(t$(y),x+Dest,1) = "H" else mid$(t$(y),x+Dest,1) = "." end if end switch fill circle x*16, y*16, 8 next x print t$(y),"=" next y first = not first if first then Orig = 0 : Dest = E2 else Orig = E2 : Dest = 0 end if wait .5
loop </lang>