Sine wave
- Task
Generate a sine wave:
- you choose the frequency of the wave
- generate a sine wave for 5 seconds
- play sound
Go
Go lacks audio support in its standard library and, whilst there are third party packages that could be used, an easier approach is to invoke the SoX utility's 'play' command as was done in the second Kotlin example.
<lang go>package main
import (
"fmt" "os/exec"
)
func main() {
synthType := "sine" duration := "5" frequency := "440" cmd := exec.Command("play", "-n", "synth", duration, synthType, frequency) err := cmd.Run() if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) }
}</lang>
JavaScript
<lang javascript>let ctx = new (window.AudioContext || window.webkitAudioContext)(); let osc = ctx.createOscillator(); osc.frequency.setValueAtTime(440, ctx.currentTime); osc.connect(ctx.destination); osc.start(); osc.stop(ctx.currentTime + 5);</lang>
Julia
PortAudio library version. <lang julia>using PortAudio
function paudio()
devs = PortAudio.devices() devnum = findfirst(x -> x.maxoutchans > 0, devs) (devnum == nothing) && error("No output device for audio found") return ostream = PortAudioStream(devs[devnum].name, 0, 2)
end
function play(ostream, pitch, durationseconds)
sinewave(t) = 0.6sin(t) + 0.2sin(2t) + .05sin(8t) timesamples = 0:(1 / 44100):(durationseconds * 0.98) v = Float64[sinewave(2π * pitch * t) for t in timesamples] write(ostream, v) sleep(durationseconds * 0.9)
end
play(paudio(), 440.0, 5.0) </lang>
Kotlin
Using Java Sound API
<lang scala>// Version 1.2.41
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioFormat import javax.sound.sampled.AudioSystem import kotlin.math.sin import kotlin.math.PI
fun sineWave(frequency: Int, seconds: Int, sampleRate: Int): ByteArray {
val samples = seconds * sampleRate val result = ByteArray(samples) val interval = sampleRate.toDouble() / frequency for (i in 0 until samples) { val angle = 2.0 * PI * i / interval result[i] = (sin(angle) * 127).toByte() } return result
}
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
val sampleRate = 44000 val buffer = sineWave(440, 5, sampleRate) val format = AudioFormat(sampleRate.toFloat(), 8, 1, true, true) val line = AudioSystem.getSourceDataLine(format) with (line) { open(format) start() write(buffer, 0, buffer.size) drain() close() }
}</lang>
Invoking SoX
An easier approach invoking the SoX utility's 'play' command which has this stuff built-in. The following was tested on Ubuntu 16.04. <lang scala>// Version 1.2.41
fun main(args:Array<String>) {
val synthType = "sine" val duration = "5" val frequency = "440" val pb = ProcessBuilder("play", "-n", "synth", duration, synthType, frequency) pb.directory(null) val proc = pb.start() proc.waitFor()
}</lang>
OCaml
<lang ocaml>module BA = Bigarray module BA1 = Bigarray.Array1
let () =
let samples = 44100 in let sample_rate = 44100 in let amplitude = 30000. in let raw = BA1.create BA.int16_signed BA.c_layout samples in
let two_pi = 6.28318 in let increment = 440.0 /. 44100.0 in let x = ref 0.0 in
for i = 0 to samples - 1 do raw.{i} <- truncate (amplitude *. sin (!x *. two_pi)); x := !x +. increment; done; let buffer = SFSoundBuffer.loadFromSamples raw 1 sample_rate in
let snd = SFSound.create () in SFSound.setBuffer snd buffer; SFSound.setLoop snd true; SFSound.play snd; while true do SFTime.sleep (SFTime.of_milliseconds 100_l); done</lang>
To run this code in script mode you can add this at the beginning of the file:
<lang ocaml>#directory "+sfml"
- load "bigarray.cma"
- load "sfml_system.cma"
- load "sfml_audio.cma"</lang>
Then run:
ocaml sine_wave.ml
Or to compile to native code:
ocamlopt -I +sfml bigarray.cmxa sfml_system.cmxa sfml_audio.cmxa sine_wave.ml -o sine_wave.exe
Perl
<lang perl>use Audio::NoiseGen qw(play sine);
Audio::NoiseGen::init() || die 'No access to sound hardware?';
alarm 5; play( gen => sine( freq => 440 ) );</lang>
Phix
<lang Phix>atom k32=NULL, xBeep
procedure beep(integer frequency, duration=5000)
if platform()=WINDOWS then if k32=NULL then k32 = open_dll("kernel32.dll") xBeep = define_c_proc(k32, "Beep", {C_INT,C_INT}) end if c_proc(xBeep,{frequency,duration}) elsif platform()=LINUX then
system(sprintf("play -n synth %f sine %d", {duration/1000, frequency}))
end if
end procedure
beep(prompt_number("Enter Frequency (100..10000 recommended):",{0x25,0x7FFF}))</lang>
Racket
See https://docs.racket-lang.org/rsound/index.html <lang Racket>
- lang racket
(require rsound)
- 440 Hz, 50% volume, 5 seconds
(play (make-tone 440 0.50 (* 5 FRAME-RATE))) </lang>
Raku
(formerly Perl 6)
What a horribly underspecified task. Ah well, gives me lots of wiggle room to cheat in various ways.
<lang perl6>my ($rows,$cols) = qx/stty size/.words; my $v = floor $rows / 2; print "\e[H\e[J", 'Generating sine wave of zero amplitude and zero frequency for 5 seconds...',
"\e[$v;0H", '_' x $cols;
sleep 5; say "\e[H\e[J", 'No?, ok how about this:';
use SVG; my $filename = 'sine.svg'; my $out = open($filename, :w) orelse .die; $out.say: SVG.serialize(
svg => [ width => 400, height => 150, style => 'stroke:rgb(0,0,255)', :rect[:width<100%>, :height<100%>, :fill<white>], :path[ :fill<none>, :d('M0,25 C36.42,25,63.58,125,100,125 M100,125 C136.42,125,163.58,25,200,25 M200,25 C236.42,25,263.58,125,300,125 M300,125 C336.42,125,363.58,25,400,25') ], ],
); close $out; say "Sine wave generated to {$filename.IO.absolute}, better open it quickly..."; sleep 5; unlink $filename; say 'Oops, too late.'; say 'Still no? Ok how about:'; shell 'play -n -c1 synth 5.0 sin %-12';</lang>
REXX
Note: This REXX program will only work for PC/REXX or Personal REXX.
<lang REXX>/*REXX program produces a sine wave (of a specified frequency) for N seconds. */
parse arg freq time . /*obtain optional arguments from the CL*/
if freq== | freq=="," then freq= 880 /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/
if time== | time=="," then time= 5 /* " " " " " " */
call sound freq, time /*invoke a BIF to generate a sine wave.*/
exit 0 /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */</lang>
<br<
Scala
<lang Scala>import javax.sound.sampled.{AudioFormat, AudioSystem, SourceDataLine}
import scala.math.{Pi, sin}
object SineWave extends App {
val sampleRate = 44000 val buffer = beep(440, 5, sampleRate) val line: SourceDataLine = AudioSystem.getSourceDataLine(format)
def format = new AudioFormat(sampleRate.toFloat, 8, 1, true, false)
def beep(frequency: Int, seconds: Int, sampleRate: Int) = { val samples = seconds * sampleRate val interval = sampleRate / frequency val angle = 2.0 * Pi / interval (0 until samples).map(i => (sin(angle * i) * 127).toByte).toArray }
line.open() line.start() line.write(buffer, 0, buffer.length) line.drain() line.close()
}</lang>
zkl
Running on Mint Linux <lang zkl>fcn sineWave(durationInSec=5, frequency=440){
synthType:="sine"; cmd:="play -n synth %d %s %d".fmt(durationInSec,synthType,frequency); s:=System.cmd(cmd);
// if(s!=0) play issued error }
sineWave();</lang>