GUI component interaction

From Rosetta Code
Revision as of 18:23, 17 October 2011 by rosettacode>Glennj (→‎{{header|Ruby}}: link to Shoes)
Task
GUI component interaction
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.

Almost every application needs to communicate with the user in some way. Therefore, a substantial part of the code deals with the interaction of program logic with GUI components. Typically, the following is needed:

  • put values into input fields under program control
  • read and check input from the user
  • pop up dialogs to query the user for further information

The task: For a minimal "application", write a program that presents a form with three components to the user: A numeric input field ("Value") and two buttons ("increment" and "random").

The field is initialized to zero. The user may manually enter a new value into the field, or increment its value with the "increment" button. Entering a non-numeric value should be either impossible, or issue an error message.

Pressing the "random" button presents a confirmation dialog, and resets the field's value to a random value if the answer is "Yes".

(This task may be regarded as an extension of the task Simple windowed application).

Ada

Library: GtkAda

interaction.adb: <lang Ada>with Ada.Numerics.Discrete_Random; with Ada.Strings.Fixed; with Gtk.Main; with Gtk.Handlers; with Gtk.Button; with Gtk.Window; with Gtk.GEntry; with Gtk.Editable; with Gtk.Box; with Gtk.Widget; with Glib.Values; with Gtkada.Dialogs;

procedure Interaction is 

  The_Value : Natural := 0;

  package Natural_Random is new Ada.Numerics.Discrete_Random (Natural);
  RNG : Natural_Random.Generator;

  Main_Window      : Gtk.Window.Gtk_Window;
  Content          : Gtk.Box.Gtk_Vbox;
  Increment_Button : Gtk.Button.Gtk_Button;
  Random_Button    : Gtk.Button.Gtk_Button;
  Entry_Field      : Gtk.GEntry.Gtk_Entry;

  package Entry_Callbacks is new Gtk.Handlers.Callback
    (Gtk.GEntry.Gtk_Entry_Record);

  package Button_Callbacks is new Gtk.Handlers.Callback
    (Gtk.Button.Gtk_Button_Record);

  package Window_Callbacks is new Gtk.Handlers.Return_Callback
    (Gtk.Window.Gtk_Window_Record, Boolean);

  --  update displayed text
  procedure Update_Entry is
  begin
     Gtk.GEntry.Set_Text
       (The_Entry => Entry_Field,
        Text      =>
          Ada.Strings.Fixed.Trim
            (Source => Natural'Image (The_Value),
             Side   => Ada.Strings.Both));
  end Update_Entry;

  --  read from text entry
  procedure Update_Value is
  begin
     The_Value := Natural'Value (Gtk.GEntry.Get_Text (Entry_Field));
  exception
     when Constraint_Error =>
        The_Value := 0;
  end Update_Value;

  --  make sure that only numbers are entered
  procedure On_Insert_Text
    (Object : access Gtk.GEntry.Gtk_Entry_Record'Class;
     Params : Glib.Values.GValues)
  is
     Length : constant Glib.Gint :=
       Glib.Values.Get_Int (Glib.Values.Nth (Params, 2));
     Text   : constant String    :=
       Glib.Values.Get_String (Glib.Values.Nth (Params, 1), Length);
  begin
     declare
        Number : Natural;
     begin
        Number := Natural'Value (Text);
     exception
        when Constraint_Error =>
           --  refuse values that are not parsable
           Gtk.Handlers.Emit_Stop_By_Name
             (Object => Object,
              Name   => Gtk.Editable.Signal_Insert_Text);
     end;
  end On_Insert_Text;

  --  Callback for click event
  procedure On_Increment_Click
    (Object : access Gtk.Button.Gtk_Button_Record'Class)
  is
  begin
     Update_Value;
     The_Value := The_Value + 1;
     Update_Entry;
  end On_Increment_Click;

  --  Callback for click event
  procedure On_Random_Click
    (Object : access Gtk.Button.Gtk_Button_Record'Class)
  is
     use type Gtkada.Dialogs.Message_Dialog_Buttons;
  begin
     if Gtkada.Dialogs.Message_Dialog
       (Msg            => "Really reset to random value?",
        Dialog_Type    => Gtkada.Dialogs.Confirmation,
        Buttons        => Gtkada.Dialogs.Button_Yes or
          Gtkada.Dialogs.Button_No,
        Default_Button => Gtkada.Dialogs.Button_Yes) =
       Gtkada.Dialogs.Button_Yes
     then
        The_Value := Natural_Random.Random (RNG);
        Update_Entry;
     end if;
  end On_Random_Click;

  --  Callback for delete event
  function On_Main_Window_Delete
    (Object : access Gtk.Window.Gtk_Window_Record'Class)
     return   Boolean
  is
  begin
     Gtk.Main.Main_Quit;
     return True;
  end On_Main_Window_Delete;

begin 

  --  initialize random number generator
  Natural_Random.Reset (RNG);

  Gtk.Main.Init;

  Gtk.GEntry.Gtk_New (Widget => Entry_Field);
  Update_Entry;
  Entry_Callbacks.Connect
    (Widget => Entry_Field,
     Name   => Gtk.Editable.Signal_Insert_Text,
     Cb     => On_Insert_Text'Access);

  Gtk.Button.Gtk_New (Button => Increment_Button, Label => "Increment");
  Gtk.Button.Gtk_New (Button => Random_Button, Label => "Random");

  Button_Callbacks.Connect
    (Widget => Increment_Button,
     Name   => Gtk.Button.Signal_Clicked,
     Marsh  => Button_Callbacks.To_Marshaller (On_Increment_Click'Access));
  Button_Callbacks.Connect
    (Widget => Random_Button,
     Name   => Gtk.Button.Signal_Clicked,
     Marsh  => Button_Callbacks.To_Marshaller (On_Random_Click'Access));

  Gtk.Box.Gtk_New_Vbox (Box => Content);
  Gtk.Box.Add (Container => Content, Widget => Entry_Field);
  Gtk.Box.Add (Container => Content, Widget => Increment_Button);
  Gtk.Box.Add (Container => Content, Widget => Random_Button);

  Gtk.Window.Gtk_New (Window => Main_Window);
  Gtk.Window.Add (Container => Main_Window, Widget => Content);

  Window_Callbacks.Connect
    (Widget => Main_Window,
     Name   => Gtk.Widget.Signal_Delete_Event,
     Cb     => On_Main_Window_Delete'Access);
  Gtk.Window.Show_All (Widget => Main_Window);

  Gtk.Main.Main;

end Interaction;</lang>

AutoHotkey

<lang AutoHotkey>GUI, add, Edit,Number w50 vUserInput, 0  ; Number Specifies Numbers-only, but other characters can still be pasted in,  ; Making our own check necessary. (MakeSure)

GUI, add, Button, gIncrement, Increment  ; Instead of an increment button, the UpDown control could be used, but this was not specified. GUI, add, Button, gRando, Random Gui, Show, W200 y200, Title  ; Shows the GUI with a width and height of 200px SetTimer, MakeSure, 1000  ; Runs MakeSure every second return  ; End Auto-Execute Section


Increment: Gui, Submit, NoHide

The above line assigns all variables associated with controls to the state of that control, but leaves the GUI visible.

If UserInput is not Number { MsgBox, %userInput% is not a number. GUIControl,,UserInput, 0 ; Reset the Edit control to 0 } Else { UserInput++ GUIControl,, UserInput, %UserInput% ; Sets the value of the Edit control } return


Rando: MsgBox, 4, Title, Are you sure you want to randomize? ; Specify your own title. 4 means YesNo IfMsgBox, Yes { Random, UserInput, 1, 999  ; random number from 1-999 GUIControl,, UserInput, %UserInput%  ; Sets the value of the Edit control } return


MakeSure: Gui, Submit, NoHide If UserInput is not Number { If (UserInput<>"") { Msgbox Error! Numbers Only! GUIControl,, UserInput, 0 } } return


GUIClose: ExitApp  ; Makes sure the script exits when the window is closed,  ; Otherwise the script is persistent because it contains  ; a timer.</lang>

BBC BASIC

Works with: BBC BASIC for Windows

<lang bbcbasic> INSTALL @lib$+"WINLIB2" 

     INSTALL @lib$+"WINLIB5"
     
     IDYES = 6
     ES_NUMBER = 8192
     MB_YESNO = 4
     
     form% = FN_newdialog("Rosetta Code", 100, 100, 100, 52, 8, 1000)
     PROC_static(form%, "Value:", 100, 10, 10, 24, 14, 0)
     PROC_editbox(form%, "0", 101, 40, 8, 52, 14, ES_NUMBER)
     PROC_pushbutton(form%, "Increment", FN_setproc(PROCinc), 7, 30, 40, 16, 0)
     PROC_pushbutton(form%, "Random", FN_setproc(PROCrandom), 52, 30, 40, 16, 0)
     PROC_showdialog(form%)
     
     REPEAT
       WAIT 1
     UNTIL !form% = 0
     QUIT
     
     DEF PROCinc
     LOCAL number%
     SYS "GetDlgItemInt", !form%, 101, 0, 1 TO number%
     SYS "SetDlgItemInt", !form%, 101, number% + 1, 1
     ENDPROC
     
     DEF PROCrandom
     LOCAL reply%
     SYS "MessageBox", !form%, "Set to a random value?", "Confirm", MB_YESNO TO reply%
     IF reply% = IDYES THEN SYS "SetDlgItemInt", !form%, 101, RND(10000), 1
     ENDPROC</lang>

Output:

C++

with library Qt 4.4 , using (under Linux) first qmake -project and then qmake -o Makefile <projectfile>, then make 

file interaction.h

<lang cpp>#ifndef INTERACTION_H

  1. define INTERACTION_H
  2. include <QWidget>

class QPushButton ; class QLineEdit ; class QVBoxLayout ; class MyWidget : public QWidget { 

  Q_OBJECT

public : 

  MyWidget( QWidget *parent = 0 ) ;

private : 

  QLineEdit *entryField ;
  QPushButton *increaseButton ;
  QPushButton *randomButton ;
  QVBoxLayout *myLayout ;

private slots : 

  void doIncrement( ) ;
  void findRandomNumber( ) ;

} ;

  1. endif</lang>
file interaction.cpp

<lang cpp>#include <QPushButton>

  1. include <QLineEdit>
  2. include <QMessageBox>
  3. include <QString>
  4. include <QRegExpValidator>
  5. include <QVBoxLayout>
  6. include <QRegExp>
  7. include <ctime> //for the srand initialization
  8. include <cstdlib> //for the random number
  9. include "interaction.h"

MyWidget::MyWidget (QWidget *parent ) : QWidget( parent ) { 

  myLayout = new QVBoxLayout( ) ;
  entryField = new QLineEdit( "0" ) ;
  QRegExp rx( "\\d+" ) ;
  QValidator *myvalidator = new QRegExpValidator( rx , this ) ;
  entryField->setValidator( myvalidator ) ;
  increaseButton = new QPushButton( "increase" ) ;
  connect( increaseButton, SIGNAL( clicked( ) ) ,

this , SLOT( doIncrement( ) )) ; 

  randomButton = new QPushButton( "random" ) ;
  connect( randomButton , SIGNAL( clicked( ) ) ,

this , SLOT ( findRandomNumber( ) )) ; 

  myLayout->addWidget( entryField ) ;
  myLayout->addWidget( increaseButton ) ;
  myLayout->addWidget( randomButton ) ;
  setLayout( myLayout ) ;

}

void MyWidget::doIncrement( ) { 

  bool ok ;
  int zahl = entryField->text( ).toInt( &ok, 10 ) ;
  entryField->setText( QString( "%1").arg( ++zahl ) ) ;

}

void MyWidget::findRandomNumber( ) { 

  QMessageBox msgBox( this ) ;
  msgBox.setText( "Do you want to create a random number ?" ) ;
  msgBox.setStandardButtons( QMessageBox::Yes | QMessageBox::No ) ;
  int ret = msgBox.exec( ) ;
  switch ( ret ) {
     case QMessageBox::Yes :

srand( time( 0 ) ) ; int zahl = random( ) ; entryField->setText( QString( "%1" ).arg( zahl )) ; break ; 

  }

}</lang> 

file main.cpp

<lang cpp>#include <QApplication>

  1. include "interaction.h"

int main( int argc , char *argv[ ] ) { 

  QApplication app( argc, argv ) ;
  MyWidget theWidget ;
  theWidget.show( ) ;
  return app.exec( ) ;

}</lang>

C_sharp

C# 3.0 with Windows Forms; compile as csc -t:winexe Program.cs on MS.NET or as gmcs -t:winexe Program.cs on Mono. <lang csharp>using System; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Windows.Forms;

class RosettaInteractionForm : Form { 

   // Model used for DataBinding.
   // Notifies bound controls about Value changes.
   class NumberModel: INotifyPropertyChanged
   {

       Random rnd = new Random();

       // initialize event with empty delegate to avoid checks on null
       public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged = delegate {};

       int _value;
       public int Value
       {
           get { return _value; }
           set 
           { 
               _value = value;
               // Notify bound control about value change
               PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("Value"));
           }
       }

       public void ResetToRandom(){
           Value = rnd.Next(5000);
       }
   }

   NumberModel model = new NumberModel{ Value = 0};
   
   RosettaInteractionForm()    
   {
       //MaskedTextBox is a TextBox variety with built-in input validation
       var tbNumber = new MaskedTextBox
                       { 
                           Mask="0000",            // allow 4 decimal digits only
                           ResetOnSpace = false,   // don't enter spaces
                           Dock = DockStyle.Top    // place at the top of form
                       };
       // bound TextBox.Text to NumberModel.Value;
       tbNumber.DataBindings.Add("Text", model, "Value");

       var btIncrement = new Button{Text = "Increment", Dock = DockStyle.Bottom};
       btIncrement.Click += delegate
                       {
                           model.Value++;
                       };
       var btDecrement = new Button{Text = "Decrement", Dock = DockStyle.Bottom};
       btDecrement.Click += delegate
                       {
                           model.Value--;
                       };
       var btRandom = new Button{ Text="Reset to Random", Dock = DockStyle.Bottom };
       btRandom.Click += delegate
                       {
                           if (MessageBox.Show("Are you sure?", "Are you sure?", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo) == DialogResult.Yes)
                               model.ResetToRandom();
                       };
       Controls.Add(tbNumber);
       Controls.Add(btIncrement);
       Controls.Add(btDecrement);
       Controls.Add(btRandom);
   }
   static void Main()
   {
       Application.Run(new RosettaInteractionForm());
   }

} </lang>

Delphi

<lang Delphi>FILE: Unit1.pas</lang> <lang Delphi> unit Unit1;

interface

uses 

 Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
 Dialogs, StdCtrls;

type 

 TForm1 = class(TForm)
   EditInputField: TEdit;
   ButtonRandom: TButton;
   ButtonIncrement: TButton;
   procedure EditInputFieldChange(Sender: TObject);
   procedure ButtonIncrementClick(Sender: TObject);
   procedure ButtonRandomClick(Sender: TObject);
 private
   { Private declarations }
 public
   { Public declarations }
 end;

var 

 Form1: TForm1;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure TForm1.EditInputFieldChange(Sender: TObject); begin 

  TRY
     StrToInt(EditInputField.Text);
  EXCEPT
     ShowMessage('Error! The Input Value is not numeric!');
     EditInputField.Text := '0';
  END;

end;

procedure TForm1.ButtonIncrementClick(Sender: TObject); begin 

  EditInputField.text := IntToStr(StrToInt(EditInputField.Text) + 1);

end;

procedure TForm1.ButtonRandomClick(Sender: TObject); begin 

  Randomize;
  EditInputField.Text := IntToStr(Random(High(Integer)));

end;

end.</lang> <lang Delphi>FILE: Unit1.dfm (No manual interaction!!! Will automatically be generated/modified when editing the GUI)</lang> <lang Delphi> object Form1: TForm1 

 Left = 1899
 Top = 212
 Width = 266
 Height = 172
 Caption = 'Form1'
 Color = clBtnFace
 Font.Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET
 Font.Color = clWindowText
 Font.Height = -11
 Font.Name = 'MS Sans Serif'
 Font.Style = []
 OldCreateOrder = False
 PixelsPerInch = 96
 TextHeight = 13
 object EditInputField: TEdit
   Left = 16
   Top = 16
   Width = 121
   Height = 21
   TabOrder = 0
   Text = '0'
   OnChange = EditInputFieldChange
 end
 object ButtonRandom: TButton
   Left = 96
   Top = 56
   Width = 75
   Height = 25
   Caption = 'Random'
   TabOrder = 1
   OnClick = ButtonRandomClick
 end
 object ButtonIncrement: TButton
   Left = 16
   Top = 56
   Width = 75
   Height = 25
   Caption = 'Increment'
   TabOrder = 2
   OnClick = ButtonIncrementClick
 end

end </lang>



Fantom

<lang fantom> using fwt using gfx

class GuiComponent { 

 public static Void main () 
 {
   Window
   {
     title = "Rosetta Code: Gui component"
     size = Size(350, 200)
     textField := Text
     {
       onModify.add |Event e|
       {
         Text thisText := e.widget
         if (thisText.text != "") // if nonempty string
         {
           try (thisText.text.toInt) // try converting to int
           catch thisText.text = ""  // clear field if does not work
         }
       }
     }
     GridPane
     {
       numCols = 1
       textField,
       Button
       {
         text = "increment"
         onAction.add |Event e|
         { // make sure there is a number to increment, else set field to 0
           if (textField.text == "")
           {
             textField.text = "0"
           }
           else
           {
             try 
             {
               Int x := textField.text.toInt
               textField.text = (x+1).toStr
             } 
             catch
             {
               textField.text = "0"
             }
           }
         }
       },
       Button
       {
         text = "random"
         onAction.add |Event e|
         { 
           if (Dialog.openQuestion(e.window, "Make number random?", null, Dialog.yesNo) == Dialog.yes)
           {
             textField.text = Int.random(1..10000).toStr
           }
         }
       },
     },
   }.open
 }

} </lang>

Haskell

<lang Haskell>import Graphics.UI.WX import System.Random

main :: IO () main = start $ do 

   frm   <- frame [text := "Interact"]
   fld   <- textEntry frm [text := "0", on keyboard := checkKeys]
   inc   <- button frm [text := "increment", on command := increment fld]
   ran   <- button frm [text := "random", on command := (randReplace fld frm)]
   set frm [layout := margin 5 $ floatCentre $ column 2
           [centre $ widget fld, row 2 [widget inc, widget ran]]]

increment :: Textual w => w -> IO () increment field = do 

   val <- get field text
   when ((not . null) val) $ set field [text := show $ 1 + read val]

checkKeys :: EventKey -> IO () checkKeys (EventKey key _ _) = 

   when (elem (show key) $ "Backspace" : map show [0..9]) propagateEvent

randReplace :: Textual w => w -> Window a -> IO () randReplace field frame = do 

   answer <- confirmDialog frame "Random" "Generate a random number?" True
   when answer $ getStdRandom (randomR (1,100)) >>= \num ->
                 set field [text := show (num :: Int)]</lang>

Icon and Unicon

This example uses the Unicon gui library, and so will not work in Icon.

<lang Unicon> import gui $include "guih.icn"

  1. Provides a basic message dialog

class MessageDialog : Dialog (message) 

 method component_setup ()
   label := Label ("label="||message, "pos=20,20")
   add (label)
   button := TextButton("label=OK", "pos=100,60")
   button.connect (self, "dispose", ACTION_EVENT)
   add (button)

   connect (self, "dispose", CLOSE_BUTTON_EVENT)
   attrib ("size=200,100", "bg=light gray") 
 end

 initially (message)
   self.Dialog.initially()
   self.message := message

end

  1. Provides a basic yes/no question dialog

class QuestionDialog : Dialog (answer, message) 

 method answered_yes () 
   return answer == "yes"
 end

 method answer_yes ()
   answer := "yes"
   dispose ()
 end

 method answer_no ()
   answer := "no"
   dispose ()
 end

 method component_setup ()
   label := Label ("label="||message, "pos=20,20")
   add (label)
   buttonYes := TextButton("label=Yes", "pos=40,60")
   buttonYes.connect (self, "answer_yes", ACTION_EVENT)
   add (buttonYes)
   buttonNo := TextButton("label=No", "pos=120,60")
   buttonNo.connect (self, "answer_no", ACTION_EVENT)
   add (buttonNo)

   connect (self, "dispose", CLOSE_BUTTON_EVENT)
   attrib ("size=200,100", "bg=light gray") 
 end

 initially (message)
   self.Dialog.initially()
   self.answer := "no"
   self.message := message

end

  1. The main window, displays the different components

class WindowApp : Dialog (field, value) 

 method increment ()
   value +:= 1
   field.set_contents (string(value))
 end

 method random ()
   query := QuestionDialog ("Set to random?")
   query.show_modal ()
   if query.answered_yes () then {
     value := ?100
     field.set_contents (string(value))
   }
 end

 method handle_text_field ()
   if not(integer(field.get_contents ()))
     then {
       warning := MessageDialog ("Not a number")
       warning.show_modal ()
       field.set_contents (string(value))
     } 
     else {
       value := integer(field.get_contents ())
     }
 end

 method component_setup ()
   value := 0
   field := TextField("contents="||value, "pos=20,20", "size=150")
   field.connect (self, "handle_text_field", TEXTFIELD_CHANGED_EVENT)
   add (field)
   button1 := TextButton("label=Increment", "pos=20,60", "size=70")
   button1.connect (self, "increment", ACTION_EVENT)
   add (button1)
   button2 := TextButton("label=Random", "pos=100,60", "size=70")
   button2.connect (self, "random", ACTION_EVENT)
   add (button2)

   connect (self, "dispose", CLOSE_BUTTON_EVENT)
   attrib ("size=200,100", "bg=light gray")
 end

end

  1. create and show the window

procedure main () 

 w := WindowApp ()
 w.show_modal ()

end </lang>

J

<lang j>INTERACT=: 0 : 0 pc interact closeok; xywh 6 6 48 12;cc Value edit; xywh 6 18 48 12;cc increment button;cn "+"; xywh 6 30 48 12;cc random button;cn "?"; pas 6 6;pcenter; rem form end; )

interact_run=: 3 : 0 

wd INTERACT
wd 'set Value 0;'
wd 'pshow;'

)

interact_close=: 3 : 0 

wd'pclose'

)

interact_Value_button=: 3 : 0 

wd 'set Value ' , ": {. 0 ". Value

)

interact_increment_button=: 3 : 0 

wd 'set Value ' , ": 1 + {. 0 ". Value

)

interact_random_button=: 3 : 0 

if. 0 = 2 wdquery 'Confirm';'Reset to random number?' do.
 wd 'set Value ' , ": ?100
end.

)</lang>

Note: I used an edit box for the value, and edit boxes do not get onChange events, so rejection of non-numeric values will be delayed until the use of a button (or pressing enter).

Example use:

<lang j>interact_run</lang>

Java

Works with: Swing
Works with: AWT

There are nice GUI editors in some IDEs (Netbeans has a notoriously good one), but this GUI was not built automatically, so it's a little easier to understand. <lang java>import java.awt.GridLayout; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import java.awt.event.KeyListener;

import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JTextField;

public class Interact extends JFrame{ final JTextField numberField; final JButton incButton, randButton;

public Interact(){ //stop the GUI threads when the user hits the X button setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

numberField = new JTextField(); incButton = new JButton("Increment"); randButton = new JButton("Random");

numberField.setText("0");//start at 0

//listen for button presses in the text field numberField.addKeyListener(new KeyListener(){ @Override public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) { //if the entered character is not a digit if(!Character.isDigit(e.getKeyChar())){ //eat the event (i.e. stop it from being processed) e.consume(); } } @Override public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e){} @Override public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e){} });

//listen for button clicks on the increment button incButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){ @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { String text = numberField.getText(); if(text.isEmpty()){ numberField.setText("1"); }else{ numberField.setText((Long.valueOf(text) + 1) + ""); } } });

//listen for button clicks on the random button randButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){ @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { //show a dialog and if they answer "Yes" if(JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "Are you sure?") == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION){ //set the text field text to a random positive long numberField.setText(Long.toString((long)(Math.random() * Long.MAX_VALUE))); } } });

//arrange the components in a grid with 2 rows and 1 column setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));

//a secondary panel for arranging both buttons in one grid space in the window JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel();

//the buttons are in a grid with 1 row and 2 columns buttonPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 2)); //add the buttons buttonPanel.add(incButton); buttonPanel.add(randButton);

//put the number field on top of the buttons add(numberField); add(buttonPanel); //size the window appropriately pack();

}

public static void main(String[] args){ new Interact().setVisible(true); } }</lang>

Liberty BASIC

Input Verification

<lang lb>nomainwin 

   textbox #demo.val, 20, 50, 90, 24
   button #demo.inc, "Increment", [btnIncrement], UL, 20, 90, 90, 24
   button #demo.rnd, "Random", [btnRandom], UL, 20, 120, 90, 24
   open "Rosetta Task: GUI component interaction" for window as #demo
   #demo "trapclose [quit]"
   validNum$ = "0123456789."
   #demo.val 0

wait

[quit] 

   close #demo

end

[btnIncrement] 

   #demo.val "!contents? nVal$"
   nVal$ = trim$(nVal$)
   if left$(nVal$, 1) = "-" then
       neg = 1
       nVal$ = mid$(nVal$, 2)
   else
       neg = 0
   end if
   validNum = 1
   nDecs = 0
   for i = 1 to len(nVal$)
       if instr(validNum$, mid$(nVal$, i, 1)) = 0 then
           validNum = 0
       end if
       if mid$(nVal$, i, 1) = "." then
           nDecs = nDecs + 1
       end if
   next i
   if nDecs > 1 then
       validNum = 0
   end if
   if neg = 1 then
       nVal$ = "-";nVal$
   end if
   if validNum = 0 then
       notice nVal$;" does not appear to be a valid number.  " + _
           "(Commas are not allowed.)"
   else
       nVal = val(nVal$)
       nVal = nVal + 1
   end if
   #demo.val nVal

wait

[btnRandom] 

   confirm "Reset value to random number";yn$
   if yn$ = "yes" then
       nVal = int(rnd(1) * 100) + 1
       #demo.val nVal
   end if

wait</lang>

Impossible to type non-numeric characters

<lang lb>nomainwin 

   stylebits #demo.val, _ES_NUMBER, 0, 0, 0
   textbox #demo.val, 20, 50, 90, 24
   button #demo.inc, "Increment", [btnIncrement], UL, 20, 90, 90, 24
   button #demo.rnd, "Random", [btnRandom], UL, 20, 120, 90, 24
   open "Rosetta Task: GUI component interaction" for window as #demo
   #demo "trapclose [quit]"
   #demo.val 0

wait

[quit] 

   close #demo

end

[btnIncrement] 

   #demo.val "!contents? nVal"
   nVal = nVal + 1
   #demo.val nVal

wait

[btnRandom] 

   confirm "Reset value to random number";yn$
   if yn$ = "yes" then
       nVal = int(rnd(1) * 100) + 1
       #demo.val nVal
   end if

wait</lang>

Oz

Using Mozart's standard GUI library, building a small desktop application: <lang oz>declare 

 [QTk] = {Module.link ['x-oz://system/wp/QTk.ozf']}

 proc {Main}
    MaxValue = 1000
    NumberWidget
    GUI = lr(
             numberentry(init:1 min:0 max:MaxValue handle:NumberWidget)
             button(text:"Increase"
                    action:proc {$}
                              OldVal = {NumberWidget get($)}
                           in
                              {NumberWidget set(OldVal+1)}
                           end)
             button(text:"Random"
                    action:proc {$}
                              if {Ask "Reset to random?"} then
                                 Rnd = {OS.rand} * MaxValue div {OS.randLimits _}
                              in
                                 {NumberWidget set(Rnd)}
                              end
                           end)
             )
    Window = {QTk.build GUI}
 in
    {Window show}
 end

 fun {Ask Msg}
    Result
    Box = {QTk.build
           td(message(init:Msg)
              lr(button(text:"Yes" action:proc {$} Result=true  {Box close} end)
                 button(text:"No"  action:proc {$} Result=false {Box close} end)
                ))}
 in
    {Box show}
    {Box wait}
    Result
 end

in 

 {Main}</lang>

As a web application, using the "Roads" web programming library. Connect your browser to http://localhost:8080/start after starting the program. <lang oz>declare 

 [Roads] = {Module.link ['x-ozlib://wmeyer/roads/Roads.ozf']}

 MaxValue = 1000

 fun {Start Session}
    {Page 0}
 end

 fun {Page Val}
    html(
       body(
          %% numerical input with an HTML form
          local NewVal in
             form(
                {NumberInput Val NewVal}
                input(type:submit)
                method:post
                action:fun {$ _}
                          {Page NewVal}
                       end
                )
          end
          %% link with button functionality
          a("Increase"
            href:fun {$ _}
                    {Page Val+1}
                 end)
          " "
          %% another "button-link"
          a("Random"
            href:fun {$ S}
                    p("Reset to random? - "
                      a("Yes" href:fun {$ _}
                                      Rnd = {OS.rand} * MaxValue div {OS.randLimits _}
                                   in
                                      {Page Rnd}
                                   end)
                      " "
                      a("No" href:fun {$ _} {Page Val} end)
                     )
                 end)
          ))
 end

 %% a "formlet", managing input of an integer value
 fun {NumberInput OldVal NewVal}
    input(type:text
          validate:int_in(0 MaxValue)
          value:{Int.toString OldVal}
          bind:proc {$ Str} NewVal = {String.toInt Str.escaped} end
         )
 end

in 

 {Roads.registerFunction 'start' Start}
 {Roads.run}</lang>

PicoLisp

The standard PicoLisp GUI is HTTP based. Connect your browser to http://localhost:8080 after starting the following script. <lang PicoLisp>#!/usr/bin/picolisp /usr/lib/picolisp/lib.l

(load "@ext.l" "@lib/http.l" "@lib/xhtml.l" "@lib/form.l")

(de start () 

  (and (app) (zero *Number))
  (action
     (html 0 "Increment" "@lib.css" NIL
        (form NIL
           (gui '(+Var +NumField) '*Number 20 "Value")
           (gui '(+JS +Button) "increment"
              '(inc '*Number) )
           (gui '(+Button) "random"
              '(ask "Reset to a random value?"
                 (setq *Number (rand)) ) ) ) ) ) )

(server 8080 "!start") (wait)</lang>

PureBasic

<lang PureBasic>Enumeration 

 #StringGadget
 #Increment
 #Random

EndEnumeration

If OpenWindow(0,#PB_Ignore,#PB_Ignore,180,50,"PB-GUI",#PB_Window_SystemMenu) 

 StringGadget(#StringGadget,5,5,170,20,"",#PB_String_Numeric)
 ButtonGadget(#Increment,5,25,80,20, "Increment")
 ButtonGadget(#Random,  90,25,80,20, "Random")
 Repeat
   Event=WaitWindowEvent()
   If Event=#PB_Event_Gadget
     Select EventGadget()
       Case #Increment
         CurrentVal=Val(GetGadgetText(#StringGadget))
         SetGadgetText(#StringGadget,Str(CurrentVal+1))
       Case #Random
         Flag=#PB_MessageRequester_YesNo
         Answer=MessageRequester("Randomize","Are you sure?",Flag)
         If Answer=#PB_MessageRequester_Yes
           SetGadgetText(#StringGadget,Str(Random(#MAXLONG)))
         EndIf
     EndSelect
   EndIf
 Until Event=#PB_Event_CloseWindow
 CloseWindow(0)

EndIf</lang>

Ruby

Library: Shoes

<lang ruby>Shoes.app do 

 stack do
   @textbox = edit_line

   @textbox.change do
     @textbox.text = @textbox.text.gsub(/[^\d]/, ) and alert "Input must be a number!" if @textbox.text !~ /^\d*$/
   end

   flow do
     button "Increment" do
       @textbox.text = @textbox.text.to_i + 1
     end

     button "Random" do
       @textbox.text = rand 5000 if confirm "Do you want a random number?"
     end
   end
 end

end</lang>

Tcl

Library: Tk

<lang tcl>package require Tk

      1. --- Our data Model! ---###
  2. A single variable will do just fine

set field 0

      1. --- Lay out the GUI components in our View ---###
  2. We use the Ttk widget set here; it looks much better on Windows and OSX
  1. First, a quick hack to make things look even nicer

place [ttk::frame .bg] -relwidth 1 -relheight 1

  1. A labelled frame containing an entry field constrained to use numbers

pack [ttk::labelframe .val -text "Value"] pack [ttk::entry .val.ue -textvariable field \ -validate key -invalidcommand bell \ -validatecommand {string is integer %P}]

  1. Now, a pair of buttons

pack [ttk::button .inc -text "increment" -command step] pack [ttk::button .rnd -text "random" -command random]

      1. --- Now we define the behaviors, the Controller ---###
  2. How to respond to a click on the "increment" button

proc step {} { 

   global field
   incr field

}

  1. How to respond to a click on the "random" button

proc random {} { 

   global field
   if {[tk_messageBox -type yesno -parent . \

-message "Reset to random?"] eq "yes"} { set field [expr {int(rand() * 5000)}] 

   }

}</lang>

Visual Basic

In VB, windows are usually created in the IDE. The generated code is hidden from the user unless viewed outside of VB. For the sake of this task, I have included that code.

Note that there are other methods of validating the entered value. The method used is dependant on the program's requirements.

<lang vb>VERSION 5.00 Begin VB.Form Form1 

  Caption         =   "Form1"
  ClientHeight    =   2265
  ClientLeft      =   60
  ClientTop       =   600
  ClientWidth     =   2175
  LinkTopic       =   "Form1"
  ScaleHeight     =   2265
  ScaleWidth      =   2175
  StartUpPosition =   3  'Windows Default
  Begin VB.CommandButton cmdRnd 
     Caption         =   "Random"
     Height          =   495
     Left            =   120
     TabIndex        =   2
     Top             =   1680
     Width           =   1215
  End
  Begin VB.CommandButton cmdInc 
     Caption         =   "Increment"
     Height          =   495
     Left            =   120
     TabIndex        =   1
     Top             =   1080
     Width           =   1215
  End
  Begin VB.TextBox txtValue 
     Height          =   495
     Left            =   120
     TabIndex        =   0
     Text            =   "0"
     Top             =   240
     Width           =   1215
  End

End Attribute VB_Name = "Form1" Attribute VB_GlobalNameSpace = False Attribute VB_Creatable = False Attribute VB_PredeclaredId = True Attribute VB_Exposed = False '-----user-written code begins here; everything above this line is hidden in the GUI----- Private Sub Form_Load() 

   Randomize Timer

End Sub

Private Sub cmdRnd_Click() 

   If MsgBox("Random?", vbYesNo) Then txtValue.Text = Int(Rnd * 11)

End Sub

Private Sub cmdInc_Click() 

   If Val(txtValue.Text) < 10 Then txtValue.Text = Val(txtValue.Text) + 1

End Sub

Private Sub txtValue_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer) 

   Select Case KeyAscii
       Case 8, 43, 45, 48 To 57
           'backspace, +, -, or number
       Case Else
           KeyAscii = 0
   End Select

End Sub</lang>

Retrieved from "https://rosettacode.org/wiki/GUI_component_interaction?oldid=155275"