Table creation/Postal addresses: Difference between revisions
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=={{header|AWK}}==
=== SQLite3 ===
This version uses the AWK pipe and 'getline' function to use the sqlite3 command line program.
<lang awk>#!/bin/sh -f
awk '
BEGIN {
print "Creating table...";
dbExec("address.db", "create table address (street, city, state, zip);");
print "Done.";
exit;
}
function dbExec(db, qry, result) {
dbMakeQuery(db, qry) | getline result
dbErrorCheck(result);
}
function dbMakeQuery(db, qry, q) {
q = dbEscapeQuery(qry) ";";
return "echo \"" q "\" | sqlite3 " db
}
function dbEscapeQuery(qry, q) {
q = qry;
gsub(/"/, "\\\"", q);
return q;
}
function dbErrorCheck(res) {
if (res ~ "SQL error") {
print res;
exit;
}
}
'</lang>
=={{header|C}}==
|
Revision as of 19:40, 18 July 2012
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
In this task, the goal is to create a table to store addresses. You may assume that all the addresses to be stored will be located in the USA. As such, you will need (in addition to a field holding a unique identifier) a field holding the street address, a field holding the city, a field holding the state code, and a field holding the zipcode. Choose appropriate types for each field.
For non-database languages, show how you would open a connection to a database (your choice of which) and create an address table in it. You should follow the existing models here for how you would structure the table.
ALGOL 68
<lang algol68>MODE ADDRESS = STRUCT( INT page, FLEX[50]CHAR street, FLEX[25]CHAR city, FLEX[2]CHAR state, FLEX[10]CHAR zip ); FORMAT address repr = $"Page: "gl"Street: "gl"City: "gl"State: "gl"Zip: "gll$;
INT errno; FILE sequence; errno := open(sequence, "sequence.txt", stand back channel); SEMA sequence sema := LEVEL 1;
OP NEXTVAL = ([]CHAR table name)INT: (
INT out; # INT table page = 0; # # only one sequence implemented # # DOWN sequence sema; # # NO interprocess concurrency protection # on open error(sequence, (REF FILE f)BOOL: ( reset(sequence); #set(table page,1,1);# put(sequence, 0); try again; FALSE ) ); try again: reset(sequence); #set(table page,1,1);# get(sequence,out); out +:=1; reset(sequence); #set(table page,1,1);# put(sequence,out); # UP sequence sema; # out
);
OP INIT = (REF ADDRESS self)REF ADDRESS: ( page OF self := NEXTVAL "address"; self);
REF ADDRESS john brown = INIT LOC ADDRESS;
john brown := (page OF john brown, "10 Downing Street","London","England","SW1A 2AA");
printf((address repr, john brown));
FILE address table; errno := open(address table,"address.txt",stand back channel);
- set(address table, page OF john brown,1,1); - standard set page not available in a68g #
put bin(address table, john brown); close(address table)</lang> Output:
Page: +1 Street: 10 Downing Strreet City: London State: England Zip: SW1A 2AA
Apache Derby
<lang SQL>create table Address (
addrID integer primary key generated by default as identity, addrStreet varchar(50) not null, addrCity varchar(50) not null, addrState char(2) not null, addrZip char(10) not null
); </lang> Interactive session:
$ ij ij version 10.8 ij> connect 'jdbc:derby:postal_addresses;create=true'; ij> create table Address ( > addrID integer primary key generated by default as identity, > addrStreet varchar(50) not null, > addrCity varchar(50) not null, > addrState char(2) not null, > addrZip char(10) not null > ); 0 rows inserted/updated/deleted ij> show connections; CONNECTION0* - jdbc:derby:postal_addresses * = current connection ij> describe address; COLUMN_NAME |TYPE_NAME|DEC&|NUM&|COLUM&|COLUMN_DEF|CHAR_OCTE&|IS_NULL& ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ADDRID |INTEGER |0 |10 |10 |GENERATED&|NULL |NO ADDRSTREET |VARCHAR |NULL|NULL|50 |NULL |100 |NO ADDRCITY |VARCHAR |NULL|NULL|50 |NULL |100 |NO ADDRSTATE |CHAR |NULL|NULL|2 |NULL |4 |NO ADDRZIP |CHAR |NULL|NULL|10 |NULL |20 |NO 5 rows selected ij> exit; $ dblook -d jdbc:derby:postal_addresses -- Timestamp: 2012-07-17 14:27:02.822 -- Source database is: postal_addresses -- Connection URL is: jdbc:derby:postal_addresses -- appendLogs: false -- ---------------------------------------------- -- DDL Statements for tables -- ---------------------------------------------- CREATE TABLE "APP"."ADDRESS" ("ADDRID" INTEGER NOT NULL GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY (START WITH 1, INCREMENT BY 1), "ADDRSTREET" VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, "ADDRCITY" VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, "ADDRSTATE" CHAR(2) NOT NULL, "ADDRZIP" CHAR(10) NOT NULL); -- ---------------------------------------------- -- DDL Statements for keys -- ---------------------------------------------- -- primary/unique ALTER TABLE "APP"."ADDRESS" ADD CONSTRAINT "SQL120717142048690" PRIMARY KEY ("ADDRID");
AWK
SQLite3
This version uses the AWK pipe and 'getline' function to use the sqlite3 command line program.
<lang awk>#!/bin/sh -f awk ' BEGIN {
print "Creating table..."; dbExec("address.db", "create table address (street, city, state, zip);"); print "Done."; exit;
}
function dbExec(db, qry, result) {
dbMakeQuery(db, qry) | getline result dbErrorCheck(result);
}
function dbMakeQuery(db, qry, q) {
q = dbEscapeQuery(qry) ";"; return "echo \"" q "\" | sqlite3 " db
}
function dbEscapeQuery(qry, q) {
q = qry; gsub(/"/, "\\\"", q); return q;
}
function dbErrorCheck(res) {
if (res ~ "SQL error") { print res; exit; }
}
'</lang>
C
<lang c>#include <stdio.h>
- include <stdlib.h>
- include <sqlite3.h>
const char *code = "CREATE TABLE address (\n" " addrID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,\n" " addrStreet TEXT NOT NULL,\n" " addrCity TEXT NOT NULL,\n" " addrState TEXT NOT NULL,\n" " addrZIP TEXT NOT NULL)\n" ;
int main() {
sqlite3 *db = NULL; char *errmsg; if ( sqlite3_open("address.db", &db) == SQLITE_OK ) { if ( sqlite3_exec(db, code, NULL, NULL, &errmsg) != SQLITE_OK ) { fprintf(stderr, errmsg); sqlite3_free(errmsg); sqlite3_close(db); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } sqlite3_close(db); } else { fprintf(stderr, "cannot open db...\n"); sqlite3_close(db); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}</lang>
DB2 UDB
<lang sql>CREATE TABLE Address ( addrID Integer generated by default as identity, addrStreet Varchar(50) not null, addrCity Varchar(25) not null, addrState Char(2) not null, addrZIP Char(10) not null )</lang>
J
J is a programming language, not a database, but it ships with a database built in the programming language called JDB. Using that, assuming hd is your database, then:
<lang j> Create__hd 'Address';noun define addrID autoid; addrStreet varchar addrCity varchar addrState char addrZip char )</lang>
Of course J can connect external databases too, using e.g. ODBC. See the list of J database topics.
Mathematica
<lang Mathematica>TableCreation="CREATE TABLE address ( addrID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, addrStreet TEXT NOT NULL, addrCity TEXT NOT NULL, addrState TEXT NOT NULL, addrZIP TEXT NOT NULL )";
Needs["DatabaseLink`"] conn=OpenSQLConnection[ JDBC[ "mysql","databases:1234/conn_test"], "Username" -> "test"] SQLExecute[ conn, TableCreation]</lang>
MySQL
<lang mysql>CREATE TABLE `Address` (
`addrID` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `addrStreet` varchar(50) NOT NULL default , `addrCity` varchar(25) NOT NULL default , `addrState` char(2) NOT NULL default , `addrZIP` char(10) NOT NULL default , PRIMARY KEY (`addrID`)
);</lang>
NetRexx
As NetRexx targets the Java Virtual Machine it has access to a wealth of database tools many of which can be accessed through JDBC.
Apache Derby
This sample creates a table in an embedded Apache Derby database. <lang NetRexx>/* NetRexx */ options replace format comments java crossref symbols binary
import java.sql.Connection import java.sql.Statement import java.sql.SQLException import java.sql.DriverManager
class RTableCreate01 public
properties private constant addressDDL = String - ' create table Address' - ' (' - ' addrID integer primary key generated by default as identity,' - ' addrStreet varchar(50) not null,' - ' addrCity varchar(50) not null,' - ' addrState char(2) not null,' - ' addrZip char(10) not null' - ' )' driver = String 'org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver' dbName = String 'db/rosetta_code'
method createTable() public static connectionURL = String conn = java.sql.Connection sqlStatement = java.sql.Statement do Class.forName(driver) connectionURL = 'jdbc:derby:' || dbName || ';' || 'create=true' conn = DriverManager.getConnection(connectionURL) sqlStatement = conn.createStatement() say 'Creating table' sqlStatement.execute(addressDDL) say 'Table creation complete' sqlStatement.close() conn.close() do -- In embedded mode, an application should shut down Derby. -- Shutdown throws the XJ015 exception to confirm success. connectionURL = 'jdbc:derby:' || ';' || 'shutdown=true' DriverManager.getConnection(connectionURL) catch sex = SQLException if sex.getSQLState().equals("XJ015") then do say 'Database shut down normally' end else do say 'Database did not shut down normally' signal sex end end catch sex = SQLException sex.printStackTrace() catch ex = ClassNotFoundException ex.printStackTrace() end return
method main(args = String[]) public static createTable() return
</lang>
Oracle
<lang sql>CREATE SEQUENCE seq_address_pk START BY 100 INCREMENT BY 1 / CREATE TABLE address (
addrID NUMBER DEFAULT seq_address_pk.nextval, street VARCHAR2( 50 ) NOT NULL, city VARCHAR2( 25 ) NOT NULL, state VARCHAR2( 2 ) NOT NULL, zip VARCHAR2( 20 ) NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT address_pk1 PRIMARY KEY ( addrID )
) /</lang>
Oz
The SQLite version that comes with Ozsqlite does not understand "AUTOINCREMENT". <lang oz>declare
[Sqlite] = {Module.link ['x-ozlib:/sqlite/Sqlite.ozf']}
DB = {Sqlite.open 'test.db'}
in
try
{Sqlite.exec DB "CREATE TABLE address (" #"addrID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY," #"addrStreet TEXT NOT NULL," #"addrCity TEXT NOT NULL," #"addrState TEXT NOT NULL," #"addrZIP TEXT NOT NULL" #")" _}
catch E then {Inspector.configure widgetShowStrings true} {Inspect E} finally {Sqlite.close DB} end</lang>
Perl
<lang perl>use DBI;
my $db = DBI->connect('DBI:mysql:database:server','login','password');
my $statment = <<EOF; CREATE TABLE `Address` (
`addrID` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `addrStreet` varchar(50) NOT NULL default , `addrCity` varchar(25) NOT NULL default , `addrState` char(2) NOT NULL default , `addrZIP` char(10) NOT NULL default , PRIMARY KEY (`addrID`)
); EOF
my $exec = $db->prepare($statment); $exec->execute;</lang>
This example uses mysql, but DBI supports a extensive list of database drivers. See dbi.perl.org for more info.
PHP+SQLite
not tested <lang php><?php $db = new SQLite3(':memory:'); $db->exec("
CREATE TABLE address ( addrID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, addrStreet TEXT NOT NULL, addrCity TEXT NOT NULL, addrState TEXT NOT NULL, addrZIP TEXT NOT NULL )
"); ?></lang>
PicoLisp
PicoLisp has built-in database functionality, in the form of (non-relational) entity/relations, built on top of persistent objects (so-called external symbols)
Define an "address" entity, and create the database: <lang PicoLisp>(class +Adr +Entity) (rel nm (+Sn +Idx +String)) # Name [Soundex index] (rel str (+String)) # Street (rel zip (+Ref +String)) # ZIP [Non-unique index] (rel cit (+Fold +Idx +String)) # City [Folded substring index] (rel st (+String)) # State (rel tel (+Fold +Ref +String)) # Phone [Folded non-unique index] (rel em (+Ref +String)) # EMail [Non-unique index] (rel txt (+Blob)) # Memo (rel jpg (+Blob)) # Photo
(pool "address.db") # Create database</lang> Create a first entry, and show it: <lang PicoLisp>(show
(new! '(+Adr) # Create a record 'nm "FSF Inc." 'str "51 Franklin St" 'st "Boston, MA" 'zip "02110-1301" ) )</lang>
Output:
{2} (+Adr) zip "02110-1301" st "Boston, MA" str "51 Franklin St" nm "FSF Inc."
Interactive "select": <lang PicoLisp>(select nm zip +Adr nm "FSF") # Select name, zip from Adr where name = FSF*</lang> Output:
"FSF Inc." "02110-1301" {2}
PostgreSQL
<lang sql>CREATE SEQUENCE address_seq start 100; CREATE TABLE address (
addrID int4 PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT nextval('address_seq'), street varchar(50) not null, city varchar(25) not null, state varchar(2) not null, zip varchar(20) not null
);</lang>
PureBasic+SQLite
Easiest approach with sqlite. Further possible: PostgresQL or each other over ODBC. <lang Purebasic> UseSQLiteDatabase() Procedure CheckDatabaseUpdate(Database, Query$)
Result = DatabaseUpdate(Database, Query$) If Result = 0 Print(DatabaseError()) EndIf ProcedureReturn Result
EndProcedure openconsole() DatabaseFile$ = GetCurrentDirectory()+"/rosettadb.sdb" If CreateFile(0, DatabaseFile$)
CloseFile(0) If OpenDatabase(0, DatabaseFile$, "", "") CheckDatabaseUpdate(0,"CREATE TABLE address ( addrID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, addrStreet TEXT Not NULL, addrCity TEXT Not NULL, addrState TEXT Not NULL, addrZIP TEXT Not NULL)") CloseDatabase(0) Else print("Can't open database !") EndIf
Else
print("Can't create the database file !")
EndIf closeconsole() </lang>
Python+SQLite
<lang python>>>> import sqlite3 >>> conn = sqlite3.connect(':memory:') >>> conn.execute(CREATE TABLE address ( addrID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, addrStreet TEXT NOT NULL, addrCity TEXT NOT NULL, addrState TEXT NOT NULL, addrZIP TEXT NOT NULL
))
<sqlite3.Cursor object at 0x013265C0> >>> </lang>
REXX
A REXX program can call SQL or any other database system, but the version shown here is a RYO (roll your own).
Practically no error checking (for invalid fields, etc.) has been coded
The fields are for the most part, USA specific, but could be expanded
for other countries.
In addition to "state", fields such as province, municipality, ward,
parish, country, etc) could be added without exclusion.
<lang rexx>/*REXX program to create/build/list a table of US postal addresses. */
/*┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Format of an entry in the USA address/city/state/zipcode structure.│ │ │ │ The "structure" name can be any legal variable name, but here the │ │ name will be shorted to make these comments (and program) easier │ │ to read; it's name will be @USA (in any case). In addition,│ │ the following variables names (stemmed array tails) will need to │ │ be kept unitialized (that is, not used for any variable name). │ │ To that end, each of these "hands-off" variable names will have a │ │ underscore in the beginning of each name. Other possibilities are │ │ to have a trailing underscore (or both leading and trailing), some │ │ other special eye-catching character such as: ! @ # $ ? │ │ │ │ Any field not specified will have a value of "null" (length 0). │ │ │ │ Any field can contain any number of characters, this can be limited│ │ by the restrictions imposed by standards or USA legal definitions. │ │ Any number of fields could be added (with invalid field testing). │ ├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ @USA.0 the number of entries in the @USA "array". │ │ │ │ nnn is some positive integer (no leading zeros, it │ │ can be any length). │ ├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ @USA.nnn._name = name of person, business, or lot description.│ ├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ @USA.nnn._addr = 1st street address │ │ @USA.nnn._addr2 = 2nd street address │ │ @USA.nnn._addr3 = 3rd street address │ │ @USA.nnn._addrNN = ... (any number, but in sequential order). │ ├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ @USA.nnn._state = US postal code for the state/terrority/etc. │ ├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ @USA.nnn._city = offical city name, may include any char. │ ├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ @USA.nnn._zip = US postal zipcode, 5 digit format or │ │ 10 char format. │ ├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ @USA.nnn._upHist = update History (who, date and timestamp). │ └────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘*/
@USA.=; @USA.0=0
@usa.0=@usa.0+1 /*bump the unique number for use.*/ call @USA '_city','Boston' call @USA '_state','MA' call @USA '_addr',"51 Franklin Street" call @USA '_name',"FSF Inc." call @USA '_zip','02110-1301'
@usa.0=@usa.0+1 /*bump the unique number for use.*/ call @USA '_city','Washington' call @USA '_state','DC' call @USA '_addr',"The Oval Office" call @USA '_addr2',"1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW" call @USA '_name',"The White House" call @USA '_zip',20500
call @USA 'list' exit /*───────────────────────────────@USA subroutine────────────────────────*/ @USA: procedure expose @USA.; parse arg what,txt; arg ?; nn=@usa.0 if ?\=='LIST' then do
call value '@USA.'nn"."what,txt call value '@USA.'nn".upHist",userid() date() time() end else do nn=1 for @usa.0 call @USA_list end
return /*───────────────────────────────@USA_tell subroutine-------------------*/ @USA_tell: _=value('@USA.'nn"."arg(1));
if _\== then say right(translate(arg(1),,'_'),6) "==>" _ return
/*───────────────────────────────@USA_list subroutine-------------------*/ @USA_list: call @USA_tell '_name' call @USA_tell '_addr'
do j=2 until _== call @USA_tell '_addr'j end
call @USA_tell '_city' call @USA_tell '_state' call @USA_tell '_zip' say copies('-',40) return</lang> Output (data used is within the REXX program):
name ==> FSF Inc. addr ==> 51 Franklin Street city ==> Boston state ==> MA zip ==> 02110-1301 ---------------------------------------- name ==> The White House addr ==> The Oval Office addr2 ==> 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW city ==> Washington state ==> DC zip ==> 20500 ----------------------------------------
Ruby
With PStore
PStore implements a persistent key store with transactions. This is a NoSQL database. Each transaction reads the entire database into memory, and then writes it again, so PStore is not good for large databases.
<lang ruby>require 'pstore' require 'set'
Address = Struct.new :id, :street, :city, :state, :zip
db = PStore.new("addresses.pstore") db.transaction do
db[:next] ||= 0 # Next available Address#id db[:ids] ||= Set[] # Set of all ids in db
end</lang>
To put an Address inside this PStore:
<lang ruby>db.transaction do
id = (db[:next] += 1) db[id] = Address.new(id, "1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW", "Washington", "DC", 20500) db[:ids].add id
end</lang>
With SQLite
<lang ruby>require 'sqlite3'
db = SQLite3::Database.new(':memory:') db.execute("
CREATE TABLE address ( addrID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, addrStreet TEXT NOT NULL, addrCity TEXT NOT NULL, addrState TEXT NOT NULL, addrZIP TEXT NOT NULL )
")</lang>
Run BASIC
AQLite <lang runbasic>sqliteconnect #mem, ":memory:" ' make handle #mem mem$ = " CREATE TABLE address (
addrID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, addrStreet TEXT NOT NULL, addrCity TEXT NOT NULL, addrState TEXT NOT NULL, addrZIP TEXT NOT NULL
)"
- mem execute(mem$)</lang>
SAS
<lang sql>DATA address;
LENGTH addrID 8. street 50$ city 25$ state 2$ zip 20$; STOP;
RUN;</lang>
Scheme
This example works with Chicken Scheme, using its sql-de-lite library:
<lang scheme> (use sql-de-lite)
(define *db* (open-database "addresses"))
(exec ; create and run the SQL statement
(sql *db* "CREATE TABLE address ( addrID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, addrStreet TEXT NOT NULL, addrCity TEXT NOT NULL, addrState TEXT NOT NULL, addrZIP TEXT NOT NULL )"
))
(close-database *db*) ; finally, close database </lang>
Tcl+SQLite
<lang tcl>package require sqlite3
sqlite3 db address.db db eval {
CREATE TABLE address (
addrID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, addrStreet TEXT NOT NULL, addrCity TEXT NOT NULL, addrState TEXT NOT NULL, addrZIP TEXT NOT NULL
)
}</lang>
Transact-SQL (MSSQL)
<lang sql>CREATE TABLE #Address (
addrID int NOT NULL Identity(1,1) PRIMARY KEY, addrStreet varchar(50) NOT NULL , addrCity varchar(25) NOT NULL , addrState char(2) NOT NULL , addrZIP char(10) NOT NULL
) drop table #Address</lang>