Barnsley fern

Barnsley fern is a draft programming task. It is not yet considered ready to be promoted as a complete task, for reasons that should be found in its talk page.

A Barnsley fern is a fractal named after British mathematician Michael Barnsley and can be created using an iterated function system (IFS).

The task: create this fractal fern, using the following transformations:

• ƒ1 (chosen 1% of the time)

   xn + 1 = 0
   yn + 1 = 0.16 yn

• ƒ2 (chosen 85% of the time)

   xn + 1 = 0.85 xn + 0.04 yn
   yn + 1 = −0.04 xn + 0.85 yn + 1.6

• ƒ3 (chosen 7% of the time)

   xn + 1 = 0.2 xn − 0.26 yn
   yn + 1 = 0.23 xn + 0.22 yn + 1.6

• ƒ4 (chosen 7% of the time)

   xn + 1 = −0.15 xn + 0.28 yn
   yn + 1 = 0.26 xn + 0.24 yn + 0.44.

Starting position: x = 0, y = 0

J

<lang j>require 'plot'

f=: |: 0 ". ];._2 noun define

 0     0     0    0.16   0 0      0.01
 0.85 -0.04  0.04 0.85   0 1.60   0.85
 0.20  0.23 -0.26 0.22   0 1.60   0.07
-0.15  0.26  0.28 0.24   0 0.44   0.07

)

fm=: {&(|: 2 2 $ f) fa=: {&(|: 4 5 { f) prob=: (+/\ 6 { f) I. ?@0:

ifs=: (fa@] + fm@] +/ .* [) prob getPoints=: ifs^:(<200000) plotFern=: 'dot;grids 0 0;tics 0 0;labels 0 0;color green' plot ;/@|:

  plotFern getPoints 0 0</lang>

Java

Works with: Java version 8

<lang java>import java.awt.*; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import javax.swing.*;

public class BarnsleyFern extends JPanel {

   BufferedImage img;

   public BarnsleyFern() {
       final int dim = 640;
       setPreferredSize(new Dimension(dim, dim));
       setBackground(Color.white);
       img = new BufferedImage(dim, dim, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
       createFern(dim, dim);
   }

   void createFern(int w, int h) {
       double x = 0;
       double y = 0;

       for (int i = 0; i < 200_000; i++) {
           double tmpx, tmpy;
           double r = Math.random();

           if (r <= 0.01) {
               tmpx = 0;
               tmpy = 0.16 * y;
           } else if (r <= 0.08) {
               tmpx = 0.2 * x - 0.26 * y;
               tmpy = 0.23 * x + 0.22 * y + 1.6;
           } else if (r <= 0.15) {
               tmpx = -0.15 * x + 0.28 * y;
               tmpy = 0.26 * x + 0.24 * y + 0.44;
           } else {
               tmpx = 0.85 * x + 0.04 * y;
               tmpy = -0.04 * x + 0.85 * y + 1.6;
           }
           x = tmpx;
           y = tmpy;

           img.setRGB((int) Math.round(w / 2 + x * w / 11),
                   (int) Math.round(h - y * h / 11), 0xFF32CD32);
       }
   }

   @Override
   public void paintComponent(Graphics gg) {
       super.paintComponent(gg);
       Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) gg;
       g.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
               RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);

       g.drawImage(img, 0, 0, null);
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {
           JFrame f = new JFrame();
           f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
           f.setTitle("Barnsley Fern");
           f.setResizable(false);
           f.add(new BarnsleyFern(), BorderLayout.CENTER);
           f.pack();
           f.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
           f.setVisible(true);
       });
   }

}</lang>

Perl

<lang perl>use Imager;

my $w = 640; my $h = 640;

my $img = Imager->new(xsize => $w, ysize => $h, channels => 3); my $green = Imager::Color->new('#00FF00');

my ($x, $y) = (0, 0);

foreach (1 .. 1e5) {

 my $r = rand(100);
 ($x, $y) = do {
   if    ($r <=  1) { ( 0.00 * $x - 0.00 * $y,  0.00 * $x + 0.16 * $y + 0.00) }
   elsif ($r <=  8) { ( 0.20 * $x - 0.26 * $y,  0.23 * $x + 0.22 * $y + 1.60) }
   elsif ($r <= 15) { (-0.15 * $x + 0.28 * $y,  0.26 * $x + 0.24 * $y + 0.44) }
   else             { ( 0.85 * $x + 0.04 * $y, -0.04 * $x + 0.85 * $y + 1.60) }
 };
 $img->setpixel(x => $w / 2 + $x * 60, y => $y * 60, color => $green);

}

$img->flip(dir => 'v'); $img->write(file => 'barnsleyFern.png');</lang>

tcl

See Tcl-Wiki [_ttp://wiki.tcl.tk/10492 Fern Fractal]

zkl

Uses the PPM class from http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap/Bresenham%27s_line_algorithm#zkl

Translation of: Java

<lang zkl>fcn barnsleyFern(){

  w,h:=640,640;
  bitmap:=PPM(w+1,h+1,0xFF|FF|FF);  // White background

  x,y, nx,ny:=0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0;
  do(0d100_000){
     r:=(0).random(100);  // [0..100)%
     if     (r<= 1) nx,ny= 0, 		      0.16*y;
     else if(r<= 8) nx,ny= 0.2*x  - 0.26*y,  0.23*x + 0.22*y + 1.6;
     else if(r<=15) nx,ny=-0.15*x + 0.28*y,  0.26*x + 0.24*y + 0.44;
     else           nx,ny= 0.85*x + 0.04*y, -0.04*x + 0.85*y + 1.6;
     x,y=nx,ny;
     bitmap[w/2 + x*60, y*60] = 0x00|FF|00;  // Green dot
  }
  bitmap.writeJPGFile("barnsleyFern.jpg");

}();</lang>