2048
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
Implement a 2D sliding block puzzle game where blocks with numbers are combined to add their values.
The rules are that each turn the player must perform a valid move shifting all tiles in one direction (up, down, left or right). A move is valid when at least one tile can be moved in that direction. When moved against each other tiles with the same number on them combine into one. A new tile with the value of 2 is spawned at the end of each turn if there is an empty spot for it. To win the player must create a tile with the number 2048. The player loses if no valid moves are possible.
The name comes from the popular open-source implementation of this game mechanic, 2048.
Requirements:
- "Non-greedy" movement. The tiles that were created by combining other tiles should not be combined again during the same turn (move). That is to say that moving the tile row of
[2][2][2][2]
to the right should result in
......[4][4]
and not
.........[8]
- "Move direction priority". If more than one variant of combining is possible, move direction shows one that will take effect. For example, moving the tile row of
...[2][2][2]
to the right should result in
......[2][4]
and not
......[4][2]
- Adding a new tile on a blank space. Most of the time new "2" is to be added and occasionally (10% of the time) - "4"
- Check for valid moves. The player shouldn't be able to skip their turn by trying a move that doesn't change the board.
- Win condition.
- Lose condition.
Batch File
<lang dos>::2048 Game Task from RosettaCode.org
- Batch File Implementation
@echo off setlocal enabledelayedexpansion cls
- begin_game
%== Set variables ==% set "score=0" set "won=0" set "SUP_score=0" for /l %%A in (1,1,4) do for /l %%B in (1,1,4) do set /a "X_%%A%%B=0"
call :addtile call :addtile
%== Main game loop ==%
- main_loop
set "changed=0" call :display echo( echo Keys: WASD (Slide Movement^), N (New game^), P (Exit^)
%== Get Keypress ==% set "key=" for /f "delims=" %%? in ('xcopy /w "%~f0" "%~f0" 2^>nul') do if not defined key set "key=%%?" set "key=%key:~-1%"
%== Process keypress ==% if /i "!key!"=="W" ( for /l %%? in (1,1,4) do call :slide X_1%%? X_2%%? X_3%%? X_4%%? ) if /i "!key!"=="A" ( for /l %%? in (1,1,4) do call :slide X_%%?1 X_%%?2 X_%%?3 X_%%?4 ) if /i "!key!"=="S" ( for /l %%? in (1,1,4) do call :slide X_4%%? X_3%%? X_2%%? X_1%%? ) if /i "!key!"=="D" ( for /l %%? in (1,1,4) do call :slide X_%%?4 X_%%?3 X_%%?2 X_%%?1 ) if /i "!key!"=="N" goto :begin_game if /i "!key!"=="P" exit /b
%== Check if the board changed ==% if %changed% neq 0 call :addtile
%== Check if already won ==% if %won% equ 1 ( set "msg=Nice one... You WON^!^!" goto :gameover )
%== Check for lose condition ==% set /a "real_blanks=blank_count-1" if %real_blanks% leq 0 ( for /l %%A in (1,1,4) do for /l %%B in (1,1,4) do set "TRY_%%A%%B=!X_%%A%%B!" set "TRY_changed=%changed%" & set "changed=0" set "SUP_score=1" for /l %%? in (1,1,4) do call :slide TRY_%%?1 TRY_%%?2 TRY_%%?3 TRY_%%?4 for /l %%? in (1,1,4) do call :slide TRY_1%%? TRY_2%%? TRY_3%%? TRY_4%%? if !changed! equ 0 ( set "msg=No moves are possible... Game Over :(" goto :gameover ) else (set "changed=!TRY_changed!" & set "SUP_score=0") ) goto main_loop
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Sub Procedures ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~::
%== Game Over xD ==%
- gameover
call :display echo( echo(!msg! echo( echo(Keys: N (New game^), P (Exit^)
- key_loop
set "key=" for /f "delims=" %%? in ('xcopy /w "%~f0" "%~f0" 2^>nul') do if not defined key set "key=%%?" set "key=%key:~-1%" if /i "!key!"=="N" goto :begin_game if /i "!key!"=="P" exit /b goto :key_loop
%== The main slider of numbers in tiles ==%
- slide
set "next=" set "slide_1=" set "slide_2=" for %%? in (%*) do if !%%?! neq 0 set "slide_1=!slide_1! !%%?!" for %%? in (!slide_1!) do ( set "scan=%%?" if "!scan!"=="!next!" ( set /a "next*=2" if !SUP_score! equ 0 set /a "score+=!next!" %== WINNING CONDITION!!! ==% if "!next!" equ "2048" set "won=1" set "scan=" ) set "slide_2=!slide_2! !next!" set "next=!scan!" ) set "slide_2=!slide_2! !next!" for /l %%? in (1,1,4) do set "final_%%?=0" set "cnt=0" & for %%? in (!slide_2!) do if !cnt! lss 4 ( set /a "cnt+=1" set "final_!cnt!=%%?" ) if not "!%1!!%2!!%3!!%4!"=="!final_1!!final_2!!final_3!!final_4!" set "changed=1" set "cnt=0" & for %%? in (%*) do ( set /a "cnt+=1" set /a "%%?=final_!cnt!" ) goto :EOF
%== Add number to tile ==%
- addtile
set "blank_list=" set "blank_count=0" for /l %%A in (1,1,4) do for /l %%B in (1,1,4) do ( if !X_%%A%%B! equ 0 ( set "blank_list=!blank_list!X_%%A%%B" set /a blank_count+=1 ) ) set /a "pick_tile=(%random% %% %blank_count%)*4" set /a "rnd=%random%%%10+1" set "tile_new=!blank_list:~%pick_tile%,4!" if %rnd%==5 (set !tile_new!=4) else (set !tile_new!=2) goto :EOF
%== Display the table ==%
- display
cls echo 2048 Game in Batch echo( for /l %%A in (1,1,4) do ( for /l %%B in (1,1,4) do ( set "DX_%%A%%B=!X_%%A%%B!" if !tile_new!==X_%%A%%B (set "DX_%%A%%B= +!X_%%A%%B!") else ( if !X_%%A%%B! lss 1000 set "DX_%%A%%B= !DX_%%A%%B!" if !X_%%A%%B! lss 100 set "DX_%%A%%B= !DX_%%A%%B!" if !X_%%A%%B! lss 10 set "DX_%%A%%B= !DX_%%A%%B!" if !X_%%A%%B! equ 0 set "DX_%%A%%B= " ) ) echo +----+----+----+----+ echo ^|!DX_%%A1!^|!DX_%%A2!^|!DX_%%A3!^|!DX_%%A4!^| ) echo +----+----+----+----+ echo( echo Score: %score% goto :EOF</lang>
- Output:
2048 Game in Batch +----+----+----+----+ | | +2| | | +----+----+----+----+ | 4| | | | +----+----+----+----+ | 4| | | | +----+----+----+----+ | 16| 4| | 2| +----+----+----+----+ Score: 60 Keys: WASD (Slide Movement), N (New game), P (Exit)
C
Supports limited colours through vt100 escape codes. Requires a posix machine for termios.h and unistd.h> headers. Provides simplistic animations when moving and merging blocks. <lang c>
- include <stdio.h>
- include <stdlib.h>
- include <string.h>
- include <termios.h>
- include <time.h>
- include <unistd.h>
- define D_INVALID -1
- define D_UP 1
- define D_DOWN 2
- define D_RIGHT 3
- define D_LEFT 4
const long values[] = {
0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048
};
const char *colors[] = {
"39", "31", "32", "33", "34", "35", "36", "37", "91", "92", "93", "94"
};
struct gamestate_struct__ {
int grid[4][4]; int have_moved; long total_score; long score_last_move; int blocks_in_play;
} game;
struct termios oldt, newt;
void do_draw(void) {
printf("\033[2J\033[HScore: %ld", game.total_score);
if (game.score_last_move)
printf(" (+%ld)", game.score_last_move);
printf("\n");
for (int i = 0; i < 25; ++i)
printf("-");
printf("\n");
for (int y = 0; y < 4; ++y) {
printf("|");
for (int x = 0; x < 4; ++x) {
if (game.grid[x][y])
printf("\033[7m\033[%sm%*zd \033[0m|", colors[game.grid[x][y]],
4, values[game.grid[x][y]]);
else
printf("%*s |", 4, "");
}
printf("\n");
}
for (int i = 0; i < 25; ++i) {
printf("-");
}
printf("\n");
}
void do_merge(int d) { /* These macros look pretty scary, but mainly demonstrate some space saving */
- define MERGE_DIRECTION(_v1, _v2, _xs, _xc, _xi, _ys, _yc, _yi, _x, _y) \
do { \
for (int _v1 = _xs; _v1 _xc; _v1 += _xi) { \
for (int _v2 = _ys; _v2 _yc; _v2 += _yi) { \
if (game.grid[x][y] && (game.grid[x][y] == \
game.grid[x + _x][y + _y])) { \
game.grid[x][y] += (game.have_moved = 1); \
game.grid[x + _x][y + _y] = (0 * game.blocks_in_play--);\
game.score_last_move += values[game.grid[x][y]]; \
game.total_score += values[game.grid[x][y]]; \
} \
} \
} \
} while (0)
game.score_last_move = 0;
switch (d) {
case D_LEFT:
MERGE_DIRECTION(x, y, 0, < 3, 1, 0, < 4, 1, 1, 0);
break;
case D_RIGHT:
MERGE_DIRECTION(x, y, 3, > 0, -1, 0, < 4, 1, -1, 0);
break;
case D_DOWN:
MERGE_DIRECTION(y, x, 3, > 0, -1, 0, < 4, 1, 0, -1);
break;
case D_UP:
MERGE_DIRECTION(y, x, 0, < 3, 1, 0, < 4, 1, 0, 1);
break;
}
- undef MERGE_DIRECTION
}
void do_gravity(int d) {
- define GRAVITATE_DIRECTION(_v1, _v2, _xs, _xc, _xi, _ys, _yc, _yi, _x, _y) \
do { \
int break_cond = 0; \
while (!break_cond) { \
break_cond = 1; \
for (int _v1 = _xs; _v1 _xc; _v1 += _xi) { \
for (int _v2 = _ys; _v2 _yc; _v2 += _yi) { \
if (!game.grid[x][y] && game.grid[x + _x][y + _y]) { \
game.grid[x][y] = game.grid[x + _x][y + _y]; \
game.grid[x + _x][y + _y] = break_cond = 0; \
game.have_moved = 1 \
} \
} \
} \
do_draw(); usleep(40000); \
} \
} while (0)
switch (d) {
case D_LEFT:
GRAVITATE_DIRECTION(x, y, 0, < 3, 1, 0, < 4, 1, 1, 0);
break;
case D_RIGHT:
GRAVITATE_DIRECTION(x, y, 3, > 0, -1, 0, < 4, 1, -1, 0);
break;
case D_DOWN:
GRAVITATE_DIRECTION(y, x, 3, > 0, -1, 0, < 4, 1, 0, -1);
break;
case D_UP:
GRAVITATE_DIRECTION(y, x, 0, < 3, 1, 0, < 4, 1, 0, 1);
break;
}
- undef GRAVITATE_DIRECTION
}
int do_check_end_condition(void) {
int ret = -1;
for (int x = 0; x < 4; ++x) {
for (int y = 0; y < 4; ++y) {
if (values[game.grid[x][y]] == 2048)
return 1;
if (!game.grid[x][y] ||
((x + 1 < 4) && (game.grid[x][y] == game.grid[x + 1][y])) ||
((y + 1 < 4) && (game.grid[x][y] == game.grid[x][y + 1])))
ret = 0;
}
}
return ret;
}
int do_tick(int d) {
game.have_moved = 0; do_gravity(d); do_merge(d); do_gravity(d); return game.have_moved;
}
void do_newblock(void) {
if (game.blocks_in_play >= 16) return;
int bn = rand() % (16 - game.blocks_in_play); int pn = 0;
for (int x = 0; x < 4; ++x) {
for (int y = 0; y < 4; ++y) {
if (game.grid[x][y])
continue;
if (pn == bn){
game.grid[x][y] = rand() % 10 ? 1 : 2;
game.blocks_in_play += 1;
return;
}
else {
++pn;
}
}
}
}
int main(void) {
/* Initialize terminal settings */ tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &oldt); newt = oldt; newt.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO); tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &newt);
srand(time(NULL)); memset(&game, sizeof(game), 0); do_newblock(); do_newblock(); do_draw();
while (1) {
int found_valid_key, direction, value;
do {
found_valid_key = 1;
direction = D_INVALID;
value = getchar();
switch (value) {
case 'h': case 'a':
direction = D_LEFT;
break;
case 'l': case 'd':
direction = D_RIGHT;
break;
case 'j': case 's':
direction = D_DOWN;
break;
case 'k': case 'w':
direction = D_UP;
break;
case 'q':
goto game_quit;
break;
default:
found_valid_key = 0;
break;
}
} while (!found_valid_key);
do_tick(direction);
if (game.have_moved != 0){
do_newblock();
}
do_draw();
switch (do_check_end_condition()) {
case -1:
goto game_lose;
case 1:
goto game_win;
case 0:
break;
}
}
if (0)
game_lose: printf("You lose!\n");
if (0)
game_win: printf("You win!\n");
if (0)
game_quit:
/* Restore terminal settings */ tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &oldt); return 0;
} </lang>
- Output:
Score: 1100 (+4) ------------------------- | 64 | 32 | 64 | 32 | | 32 | 16 | 2 | 8 | | 16 | 4 | 8 | 4 | | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2 | ------------------------- You lose!
C++
<lang cpp>
- include <time.h>
- include <iostream>
- include <string>
- include <iomanip>
- include <cstdlib>
typedef unsigned int uint; using namespace std; enum movDir { UP, DOWN, LEFT, RIGHT };
class tile { public:
tile() : val( 0 ), blocked( false ) {}
uint val;
bool blocked;
};
class g2048 { public:
g2048() : done( false ), win( false ), moved( true ), score( 0 ) {}
void loop()
{
addTile(); while( true ) { if( moved ) addTile(); drawBoard(); if( done ) break; waitKey(); } string s = "Game Over!"; if( win ) s = "You've made it!"; cout << s << endl << endl;
}
private:
void drawBoard()
{
system( "cls" ); cout << "SCORE: " << score << endl << endl; for( int y = 0; y < 4; y++ ) { cout << "+------+------+------+------+" << endl << "| "; for( int x = 0; x < 4; x++ ) { if( !board[x][y].val ) cout << setw( 4 ) << " "; else cout << setw( 4 ) << board[x][y].val; cout << " | "; } cout << endl; } cout << "+------+------+------+------+" << endl << endl;
}
void waitKey()
{
moved = false; char c; cout << "(W)Up (S)Down (A)Left (D)Right "; cin >> c; c &= 0x5F; switch( c ) { case 'W': move( UP );break; case 'A': move( LEFT ); break; case 'S': move( DOWN ); break; case 'D': move( RIGHT ); } for( int y = 0; y < 4; y++ ) for( int x = 0; x < 4; x++ ) board[x][y].blocked = false;
}
void addTile()
{
for( int y = 0; y < 4; y++ ) for( int x = 0; x < 4; x++ ) if( !board[x][y].val ) { uint a, b; do { a = rand() % 4; b = rand() % 4; } while( board[a][b].val );
int s = rand() % 100; if( s > 89 ) board[a][b].val = 4; else board[a][b].val = 2; if( canMove() ) return; } done = true;
}
bool canMove()
{
for( int y = 0; y < 4; y++ ) for( int x = 0; x < 4; x++ ) if( !board[x][y].val ) return true;
for( int y = 0; y < 4; y++ ) for( int x = 0; x < 4; x++ ) { if( testAdd( x + 1, y, board[x][y].val ) ) return true; if( testAdd( x - 1, y, board[x][y].val ) ) return true; if( testAdd( x, y + 1, board[x][y].val ) ) return true; if( testAdd( x, y - 1, board[x][y].val ) ) return true; } return false;
}
bool testAdd( int x, int y, uint v )
{
if( x < 0 || x > 3 || y < 0 || y > 3 ) return false; return board[x][y].val == v;
}
void moveVert( int x, int y, int d )
{
if( board[x][y + d].val && board[x][y + d].val == board[x][y].val && !board[x][y].blocked && !board[x][y + d].blocked ) { board[x][y].val = 0; board[x][y + d].val *= 2; score += board[x][y + d].val; board[x][y + d].blocked = true; moved = true; } else if( !board[x][y + d].val && board[x][y].val ) { board[x][y + d].val = board[x][y].val; board[x][y].val = 0; moved = true; } if( d > 0 ) { if( y + d < 3 ) moveVert( x, y + d, 1 ); } else { if( y + d > 0 ) moveVert( x, y + d, -1 ); }
}
void moveHori( int x, int y, int d )
{
if( board[x + d][y].val && board[x + d][y].val == board[x][y].val && !board[x][y].blocked && !board[x + d][y].blocked ) { board[x][y].val = 0; board[x + d][y].val *= 2; score += board[x + d][y].val; board[x + d][y].blocked = true; moved = true; } else if( !board[x + d][y].val && board[x][y].val ) { board[x + d][y].val = board[x][y].val; board[x][y].val = 0; moved = true; } if( d > 0 ) { if( x + d < 3 ) moveHori( x + d, y, 1 ); } else { if( x + d > 0 ) moveHori( x + d, y, -1 ); }
}
void move( movDir d )
{
switch( d ) { case UP: for( int x = 0; x < 4; x++ ) { int y = 1; while( y < 4 ) { if( board[x][y].val ) moveVert( x, y, -1 ); y++;} } break; case DOWN: for( int x = 0; x < 4; x++ ) { int y = 2; while( y >= 0 ) { if( board[x][y].val ) moveVert( x, y, 1 ); y--;} } break; case LEFT: for( int y = 0; y < 4; y++ ) { int x = 1; while( x < 4 ) { if( board[x][y].val ) moveHori( x, y, -1 ); x++;} } break; case RIGHT: for( int y = 0; y < 4; y++ ) { int x = 2; while( x >= 0 ) { if( board[x][y].val ) moveHori( x, y, 1 ); x--;} } }
} tile board[4][4]; bool win, done, moved; uint score;
}; int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) {
srand( static_cast<uint>( time( NULL ) ) ); g2048 g; g.loop(); return system( "pause" );
} </lang>
- Output:
SCORE: 2024 +------+------+------+------+ | 2 | 8 | 32 | 256 | +------+------+------+------+ | | | 4 | 32 | +------+------+------+------+ | | | 2 | 8 | +------+------+------+------+ | | | | 2 | +------+------+------+------+ (W)Up (S)Down (A)Left (D)Right
Common Lisp
Depends on Windows msvcrt.dll for _getch. Depends on quicklisp. Use arrow keys to make moves and press "Q" to quit. Tested with SBCL. <lang lisp>(ql:quickload '(cffi alexandria))
(defpackage :2048-lisp
(:use :common-lisp :cffi :alexandria))
(in-package :2048-lisp)
(defvar *lib-loaded* nil)
(unless *lib-loaded*
;; Load msvcrt.dll to access _getch. (define-foreign-library msvcrt (:windows (:default "msvcrt")))
(use-foreign-library msvcrt)
(defcfun "_getch" :int)
(setf *lib-loaded* t))
(defun read-arrow ()
"Get an arrow key from input as UP, DOWN, LEFT, or RIGHT, otherwise
return a char of whatever was pressed."
(let ((first-char (-getch)))
(if (= 224 first-char)
(case (-getch)
(75 'left)
(80 'down)
(77 'right)
(72 'up))
(code-char first-char))))
(defmacro swap (place1 place2)
"Exchange the values of two places."
(let ((temp (gensym "TEMP")))
`(cl:let ((,temp ,place1))
(cl:setf ,place1 ,place2)
(cl:setf ,place2 ,temp))))
(defun nflip (board &optional (left-right t))
"Flip the elements of a BOARD left and right or optionally up and down."
(let* ((y-len (array-dimension board 0))
(x-len (array-dimension board 1))
(y-max (if left-right y-len (truncate y-len 2)))
(x-max (if left-right (truncate x-len 2) x-len)))
(loop for y from 0 below y-max
for y-place = (- y-len 1 y) do
(loop for x from 0 below x-max
for x-place = (- x-len 1 x) do
(if left-right
(swap (aref board y x) (aref board y x-place))
(swap (aref board y x) (aref board y-place x)))))
board))
(defun flip (board &optional (left-right t))
"Flip the elements of a BOARD left and right or optionally up and down.
Non-destructive version."
(nflip (copy-array board) left-right))
(defun transpose (board)
"Transpose the elements of BOARD into a new array."
(let* ((y-len (array-dimension board 0))
(x-len (array-dimension board 1))
(new-board (make-array (reverse (array-dimensions board)))))
(loop for y from 0 below y-len do
(loop for x from 0 below x-len do
(setf (aref new-board x y) (aref board y x))))
new-board))
(defun add-random-piece (board)
"Find a random empty spot on the BOARD to add a new piece.
Return T if successful, NIL otherwise."
(loop
for x from 0 below (array-total-size board)
unless (row-major-aref board x)
count 1 into count
and collect x into indices
finally
(unless (= 0 count)
(setf (row-major-aref board (nth (random count) indices))
(if (= 0 (random 10)) 4 2))
(return t))))
(defun squash-line (line)
"Reduce a sequence of numbers from left to right according to
the rules of 2048. Return the score of squashing as well."
(let* ((squashed
(reduce
(lambda (acc x)
(if (equal x (car acc))
(cons (list (* 2 x)) (cdr acc))
(cons x acc)))
(nreverse (remove-if #'null line))
:initial-value nil))
(new-line (flatten squashed)))
(list (append (make-list (- (length line) (length new-line))) new-line)
(reduce #'+ (flatten (remove-if-not #'listp squashed))))))
(defun squash-board (board)
"Reduce each row of a board from left to right according to
the rules of 2048. Return the total score of squashing the board as well."
(let ((y-len (array-dimension board 0))
(x-len (array-dimension board 1))
(total 0))
(list (make-array (array-dimensions board) :initial-contents
(loop for y from 0 below y-len
for (line score) =
(squash-line
(make-array x-len
:displaced-to board
:displaced-index-offset
(array-row-major-index board y 0)))
collect line
do (incf total score)))
total)))
(defun make-move (board direction)
"Make a move in the given DIRECTION on a new board."
;; Move by always squashing right, but transforming the board as needed.
(destructuring-bind (new-board score)
(case direction
(up (squash-board (flip (transpose board))))
(down (squash-board (flip (transpose board) nil)))
(left (squash-board (nflip (flip board nil))))
(right (squash-board board)))
(let ((new-board
;; Reverse the transformation.
(case direction
(up (transpose (nflip new-board)))
(down (transpose (nflip new-board nil)))
(left (nflip (nflip new-board nil)))
(right new-board))))
(unless (equalp board new-board)
(add-random-piece new-board)
(list new-board score)))))
(defun winp (board winning-tile)
"Determine if a BOARD is in a winning state."
(loop for x from 0 below (array-total-size board)
for val = (row-major-aref board x)
when (eql val winning-tile) do (return t)))
(defun game-overp (board)
"Determine if a BOARD is in a game over state."
;; If a move is simulated in every direction and nothing changes,
;; then we can assume there are no valid moves left.
(notany (lambda (dir) (car (make-move board dir)))
'(up down left right)))
(defun print-divider (cells cell-size)
"A print helper function for PRINT-BOARD."
(dotimes (_ cells)
(princ "+")
(dotimes (_ cell-size)
(princ "-")))
(princ "+")
(terpri))
(defun print-board (board cell-size)
"Pretty print the given BOARD with a particular CELL-SIZE."
(let* ((y-len (array-dimension board 0))
(x-len (array-dimension board 1))
(super-size (+ 2 cell-size)))
(loop for y from 0 below y-len do
(print-divider x-len super-size)
(loop for x from 0 below x-len
for val = (aref board y x)
do
(princ "|")
(if val
(format t " ~VD " cell-size val)
(dotimes (_ super-size) (princ " "))))
(princ "|")
(terpri))
(print-divider x-len super-size)))
(defun init-board ()
(let ((board (make-array '(4 4) :initial-element nil))) (setf (row-major-aref board (random (array-total-size board))) 2) board))
(defun prompt-input (board score &optional (check t))
(cond
((and check (winp board 2048)) (format t "You win!"))
((and check (game-overp board)) (format t "Game over..."))
(t (let ((choice (read-arrow)))
(cond
((symbolp choice)
(destructuring-bind (&optional move (new-score 0))
(make-move board choice)
(if move
(prompt move (+ score new-score))
(prompt-input board score))))
((find choice "qQ")
(format t "Quitting."))
(t (prompt-input board score nil)))))))
(defun prompt (&optional (board (init-board)) (score 0))
(format t "~% Score: ~D~%" score) (print-board board 4) (prompt-input board score))</lang>
- Output:
* (2048-lisp::prompt) Score: 0 +------+------+------+------+ | | | | | +------+------+------+------+ | | | | | +------+------+------+------+ | | | 2 | | +------+------+------+------+ | | | | | +------+------+------+------+
Some time later...
Score: 336 +------+------+------+------+ | | 4 | 16 | 32 | +------+------+------+------+ | | | 4 | 16 | +------+------+------+------+ | | | 32 | | +------+------+------+------+ | | 2 | | | +------+------+------+------+
D
<lang d>import std.stdio, std.string, std.random; import core.stdc.stdlib: exit;
struct G2048 {
public void gameLoop() /*@safe @nogc*/ {
addTile;
while (true) {
if (moved)
addTile;
drawBoard;
if (done)
break;
waitKey;
}
writeln(win ? "You win!" : "Game Over!");
}
private:
static struct Tile {
uint val = 0;
bool blocked = false;
}
enum moveDir { up, down, left, right }
enum uint side = 4;
Tile[side][side] board; bool win = false, done = false, moved = true; uint score = 0;
void drawBoard() const /*@safe @nogc*/ {
writeln("SCORE: ", score, "\n");
foreach (immutable y; 0 .. side) {
write("+------+------+------+------+\n| ");
foreach (immutable x; 0 .. side) {
if (board[x][y].val)
writef("%4d", board[x][y].val);
else
writef("%4s", " ");
write(" | ");
}
writeln;
}
"+------+------+------+------+\n".writeln;
}
void waitKey() /*@safe*/ {
moved = false;
"(W)Up (S)Down (A)Left (D)Right (Q)Quit: ".write;
immutable c = readln.strip.toLower;
switch (c) {
case "w": move(moveDir.up); break;
case "a": move(moveDir.left); break;
case "s": move(moveDir.down); break;
case "d": move(moveDir.right); break;
case "q": endGame; break;
default: break;
}
foreach (immutable y; 0 .. side)
foreach (immutable x; 0 .. side)
board[x][y].blocked = false;
}
void endGame() const {
writeln("Game ended with score: ", score);
exit(0);
}
void addTile() /*nothrow*/ @safe /*@nogc*/ {
foreach (immutable y; 0 .. side) {
foreach (immutable x; 0 .. side) {
if (!board[x][y].val) {
uint a, b;
do {
a = uniform(0, side);
b = uniform(0, side);
} while (board[a][b].val);
board[a][b].val = (uniform01 > 0.89) ? side : 2;
if (canMove)
return;
}
}
}
done = true;
}
bool canMove() const pure nothrow @safe @nogc {
foreach (immutable y; 0 .. side)
foreach (immutable x; 0 .. side)
if (!board[x][y].val)
return true;
foreach (immutable y; 0 .. side) {
foreach (immutable x; 0 .. side) {
if (testAdd(x + 1, y, board[x][y].val) ||
testAdd(x - 1, y, board[x][y].val) ||
testAdd(x, y + 1, board[x][y].val) ||
testAdd(x, y - 1, board[x][y].val))
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
bool testAdd(in uint x, in uint y, in uint v) const pure nothrow @safe @nogc {
if (x > 3 || y > 3)
return false;
return board[x][y].val == v;
}
void moveVertically(in uint x, in uint y, in uint d) pure nothrow @safe @nogc {
if (board[x][y + d].val && board[x][y + d].val == board[x][y].val &&
!board[x][y].blocked && !board[x][y + d].blocked) {
board[x][y].val = 0;
board[x][y + d].val *= 2;
score += board[x][y + d].val;
board[x][y + d].blocked = true;
moved = true;
} else if (!board[x][y + d].val && board[x][y].val) {
board[x][y + d].val = board[x][y].val;
board[x][y].val = 0;
moved = true;
}
if (d > 0) {
if (y + d < 3)
moveVertically(x, y + d, 1);
} else {
if (y + d > 0)
moveVertically(x, y + d, -1);
}
}
void moveHorizontally(in uint x, in uint y, in uint d) pure nothrow @safe @nogc {
if (board[x + d][y].val && board[x + d][y].val == board[x][y].val &&
!board[x][y].blocked && !board[x + d][y].blocked) {
board[x][y].val = 0;
board[x + d][y].val *= 2;
score += board[x + d][y].val;
board[x + d][y].blocked = true;
moved = true;
} else if (!board[x + d][y].val && board[x][y].val) {
board[x + d][y].val = board[x][y].val;
board[x][y].val = 0;
moved = true;
}
if (d > 0) {
if (x + d < 3)
moveHorizontally(x + d, y, 1);
} else {
if (x + d > 0)
moveHorizontally(x + d, y, -1);
}
}
void move(in moveDir d) pure nothrow @safe @nogc {
final switch (d) with(moveDir) {
case up:
foreach (immutable x; 0 .. side)
foreach (immutable y; 1 .. side)
if (board[x][y].val)
moveVertically(x, y, -1);
break;
case down:
foreach (immutable x; 0 .. side)
foreach_reverse (immutable y; 0 .. 3)
if (board[x][y].val)
moveVertically(x, y, 1);
break;
case left:
foreach (immutable y; 0 .. side)
foreach (immutable x; 1 .. side)
if (board[x][y].val)
moveHorizontally(x, y, -1);
break;
case right:
foreach (immutable y; 0 .. side)
foreach_reverse (immutable x; 0 .. 3)
if (board[x][y].val)
moveHorizontally(x, y, 1);
}
}
}
void main() /*safe*/ {
G2048 g; g.gameLoop;
}</lang> The output is the same as the C++ version.
Go
<lang Go>package main
import ( "bufio" "fmt" "log" "math/rand" "os" "os/exec" "strconv" "strings" "text/template" "time" "unicode"
"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/terminal" )
const maxPoints = 2048 const ( fieldSizeX = 4 fieldSizeY = 4 ) const tilesAtStart = 2 const probFor2 = 0.9
type button int
const ( _ button = iota up down right left quit )
var labels = func() map[button]rune { m := make(map[button]rune, 4) m[up] = 'W' m[down] = 'S' m[right] = 'D' m[left] = 'A' return m }() var keybinding = func() map[rune]button { m := make(map[rune]button, 8) for b, r := range labels { m[r] = b if unicode.IsUpper(r) { r = unicode.ToLower(r) } else { r = unicode.ToUpper(r) } m[r] = b } m[0x03] = quit return m }()
var model = struct { Score int Field [fieldSizeY][fieldSizeX]int }{}
var view = func() *template.Template { maxWidth := 1 for i := maxPoints; i >= 10; i /= 10 { maxWidth++ }
w := maxWidth + 3 r := make([]byte, fieldSizeX*w+1) for i := range r { if i%w == 0 { r[i] = '+' } else { r[i] = '-' } } rawBorder := string(r)
v, err := template.New("").Parse(`SCORE: Template:.Score Template:Range .Field ` + rawBorder + ` |Template:Range . Template:If .Template:Printf "%` + strconv.Itoa(maxWidth) + `d" .Template:Else` + strings.Repeat(" ", maxWidth) + `Template:End |Template:EndTemplate:End ` + rawBorder + `
(` + string(labels[up]) + `)Up (` + string(labels[down]) + `)Down (` + string(labels[left]) + `)Left (` + string(labels[right]) + `)Right `) check(err) return v }()
func check(err error) { if err != nil { log.Panicln(err) } }
func clear() { c := exec.Command("clear") c.Stdout = os.Stdout check(c.Run()) }
func draw() { clear() check(view.Execute(os.Stdout, model)) }
func addRandTile() (full bool) { free := make([]*int, 0, fieldSizeX*fieldSizeY)
for x := 0; x < fieldSizeX; x++ { for y := 0; y < fieldSizeY; y++ { if model.Field[y][x] == 0 { free = append(free, &model.Field[y][x]) } } }
val := 4 if rand.Float64() < probFor2 { val = 2 } *free[rand.Intn(len(free))] = val
return len(free) == 1 }
type point struct{ x, y int }
func (p point) get() int { return model.Field[p.y][p.x] } func (p point) set(n int) { model.Field[p.y][p.x] = n } func (p point) inField() bool { return p.x >= 0 && p.y >= 0 && p.x < fieldSizeX && p.y < fieldSizeY } func (p *point) next(n point) { p.x += n.x; p.y += n.y }
func controller(key rune) (gameOver bool) { b := keybinding[key]
if b == 0 { return false } if b == quit { return true }
var starts []point var next point
switch b { case up: next = point{0, 1} starts = make([]point, fieldSizeX) for x := 0; x < fieldSizeX; x++ { starts[x] = point{x, 0} } case down: next = point{0, -1} starts = make([]point, fieldSizeX) for x := 0; x < fieldSizeX; x++ { starts[x] = point{x, fieldSizeY - 1} } case right: next = point{-1, 0} starts = make([]point, fieldSizeY) for y := 0; y < fieldSizeY; y++ { starts[y] = point{fieldSizeX - 1, y} } case left: next = point{1, 0} starts = make([]point, fieldSizeY) for y := 0; y < fieldSizeY; y++ { starts[y] = point{0, y} } }
moved := false winning := false
for _, s := range starts { n := s move := func(set int) { moved = true s.set(set) n.set(0) } for n.next(next); n.inField(); n.next(next) { if s.get() != 0 { if n.get() == s.get() { score := s.get() * 2 model.Score += score winning = score >= maxPoints
move(score) s.next(next) } else if n.get() != 0 { s.next(next) if s.get() == 0 { move(n.get()) } } } else if n.get() != 0 { move(n.get()) } } }
if !moved { return false }
lost := false if addRandTile() { lost = true Out: for x := 0; x < fieldSizeX; x++ { for y := 0; y < fieldSizeY; y++ { if (y > 0 && model.Field[y][x] == model.Field[y-1][x]) || (x > 0 && model.Field[y][x] == model.Field[y][x-1]) { lost = false break Out } } } }
draw()
if winning { fmt.Println("You win!") return true } if lost { fmt.Println("Game Over") return true }
return false }
func main() { oldState, err := terminal.MakeRaw(0) check(err) defer terminal.Restore(0, oldState)
rand.Seed(time.Now().Unix())
for i := tilesAtStart; i > 0; i-- { addRandTile() } draw()
stdin := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
readKey := func() rune { r, _, err := stdin.ReadRune() check(err) return r }
for !controller(readKey()) { } } </lang>
J
Solution <lang j>NB. 2048.ijs script NB. ========================================================= NB. 2048 game engine
require 'guid' ([ 9!:1) _2 (3!:4) , guids 1 NB. randomly set initial random seed
coclass 'g2048' Target=: 2048
new2048=: verb define
Gridsz=: 4 4 Points=: Score=: 0 Grid=: newnum^:2 ] Gridsz $ 0
)
newnum=: verb define
num=. 2 4 {~ 0.1 > ?0 NB. 10% chance of 4
idx=. 4 $. $. 0 = y NB. indicies of 0s
if. #idx do. NB. handle full grid
idx=. ,/ ({~ 1 ? #) idx NB. choose an index
num (<idx)} y
else. return. y
end.
)
mskmerge=: [: >/\.&.|. 2 =/\ ,&_1 mergerow=: ((* >:) #~ _1 |. -.@]) mskmerge scorerow=: +/@(+: #~ mskmerge)
compress=: -.&0 toLeft=: 1 :'4&{.@(u@compress)"1' toRight=: 1 : '_4&{.@(u@compress&.|.)"1' toUp=: 1 : '(4&{.@(u@compress)"1)&.|:' toDown=: 1 : '(_4&{.@(u@compress&.|.)"1)&.|:'
move=: conjunction define
Points=: +/@, v Grid update newnum^:(Grid -.@-: ]) u Grid
)
noMoves=: (0 -.@e. ,)@(mergerow toRight , mergerow toLeft , mergerow toUp ,: mergerow toDown) hasWon=: Target e. ,
eval=: verb define
Score=: Score + Points
isend=. (noMoves , hasWon) y
msg=. isend # 'You lost!!';'You Won!!'
if. -. isend=. +./ isend do.
Points=: 0
msg=. 'Score is ',(": Score)
end.
isend;msg
)
showGrid=: echo
NB. ========================================================= NB. Console user interface
g2048Con_z_=: conew&'g2048con'
coclass 'g2048con' coinsert 'g2048'
create=: verb define
echo Instructions startnew y
)
destroy=: codestroy quit=: destroy
startnew=: update@new2048
left=: 3 :'mergerow toLeft move (scorerow toLeft)' right=: 3 :'mergerow toRight move (scorerow toRight)' up=: 3 :'mergerow toUp move (scorerow toUp)' down=: 3 :'mergerow toDown move (scorerow toDown)'
update=: verb define
Grid=: y NB. update global Grid 'isend msg'=. eval y echo msg showGrid y if. isend do. destroy end. empty
)
Instructions=: noun define
2048
Object:
Create the number 2048 by merging numbers.
How to play:
When 2 numbers the same touch, they merge.
- move numbers using the commands below:
right__grd
left__grd
up__grd
down__grd
- quit a game:
quit__grd
- start a new game:
grd=: g2048Con
)</lang> Usage <lang j> grd=: g2048Con
Score is 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
right__grd
Score is 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
down__grd
Score is 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 0 0 0 2 ...</lang>
Java
<lang java>import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import java.util.Random; import javax.swing.*;
public class Game2048 extends JPanel {
enum State {
start, won, running, over
}
final Color[] colorTable = {
new Color(0x701710), new Color(0xFFE4C3), new Color(0xfff4d3),
new Color(0xffdac3), new Color(0xe7b08e), new Color(0xe7bf8e),
new Color(0xffc4c3), new Color(0xE7948e), new Color(0xbe7e56),
new Color(0xbe5e56), new Color(0x9c3931), new Color(0x701710)};
final static int target = 2048;
static int highest; static int score;
private Color gridColor = new Color(0xBBADA0); private Color emptyColor = new Color(0xCDC1B4); private Color startColor = new Color(0xFFEBCD);
private Random rand = new Random();
private Tile[][] tiles; private int side = 4; private State gamestate = State.start; private boolean checkingAvailableMoves;
public Game2048() {
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(900, 700));
setBackground(new Color(0xFAF8EF));
setFont(new Font("SansSerif", Font.BOLD, 48));
setFocusable(true);
addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
startGame();
repaint();
}
});
addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
switch (e.getKeyCode()) {
case KeyEvent.VK_UP:
moveUp();
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_DOWN:
moveDown();
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT:
moveLeft();
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT:
moveRight();
break;
}
repaint();
}
});
}
@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics gg) {
super.paintComponent(gg);
Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) gg;
g.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
drawGrid(g); }
void startGame() {
if (gamestate != State.running) {
score = 0;
highest = 0;
gamestate = State.running;
tiles = new Tile[side][side];
addRandomTile();
addRandomTile();
}
}
void drawGrid(Graphics2D g) {
g.setColor(gridColor);
g.fillRoundRect(200, 100, 499, 499, 15, 15);
if (gamestate == State.running) {
for (int r = 0; r < side; r++) {
for (int c = 0; c < side; c++) {
if (tiles[r][c] == null) {
g.setColor(emptyColor);
g.fillRoundRect(215 + c * 121, 115 + r * 121, 106, 106, 7, 7);
} else {
drawTile(g, r, c);
}
}
}
} else {
g.setColor(startColor);
g.fillRoundRect(215, 115, 469, 469, 7, 7);
g.setColor(gridColor.darker());
g.setFont(new Font("SansSerif", Font.BOLD, 128));
g.drawString("2048", 310, 270);
g.setFont(new Font("SansSerif", Font.BOLD, 20));
if (gamestate == State.won) {
g.drawString("you made it!", 390, 350);
} else if (gamestate == State.over)
g.drawString("game over", 400, 350);
g.setColor(gridColor);
g.drawString("click to start a new game", 330, 470);
g.drawString("(use arrow keys to move tiles)", 310, 530);
}
}
void drawTile(Graphics2D g, int r, int c) {
int value = tiles[r][c].getValue();
g.setColor(colorTable[(int) (Math.log(value) / Math.log(2)) + 1]);
g.fillRoundRect(215 + c * 121, 115 + r * 121, 106, 106, 7, 7);
String s = String.valueOf(value);
g.setColor(value < 128 ? colorTable[0] : colorTable[1]);
FontMetrics fm = g.getFontMetrics();
int asc = fm.getAscent();
int dec = fm.getDescent();
int x = 215 + c * 121 + (106 - fm.stringWidth(s)) / 2;
int y = 115 + r * 121 + (asc + (106 - (asc + dec)) / 2);
g.drawString(s, x, y); }
private void addRandomTile() {
int pos = rand.nextInt(side * side);
int row, col;
do {
pos = (pos + 1) % (side * side);
row = pos / side;
col = pos % side;
} while (tiles[row][col] != null);
int val = rand.nextInt(10) == 0 ? 4 : 2;
tiles[row][col] = new Tile(val);
}
private boolean move(int countDownFrom, int yIncr, int xIncr) {
boolean moved = false;
for (int i = 0; i < side * side; i++) {
int j = Math.abs(countDownFrom - i);
int r = j / side;
int c = j % side;
if (tiles[r][c] == null)
continue;
int nextR = r + yIncr;
int nextC = c + xIncr;
while (nextR >= 0 && nextR < side && nextC >= 0 && nextC < side) {
Tile next = tiles[nextR][nextC];
Tile curr = tiles[r][c];
if (next == null) {
if (checkingAvailableMoves)
return true;
tiles[nextR][nextC] = curr;
tiles[r][c] = null;
r = nextR;
c = nextC;
nextR += yIncr;
nextC += xIncr;
moved = true;
} else if (next.canMergeWith(curr)) {
if (checkingAvailableMoves)
return true;
int value = next.mergeWith(curr);
if (value > highest)
highest = value;
score += value;
tiles[r][c] = null;
moved = true;
break;
} else
break;
}
}
if (moved) {
if (highest < target) {
clearMerged();
addRandomTile();
if (!movesAvailable()) {
gamestate = State.over;
}
} else if (highest == target)
gamestate = State.won;
}
return moved; }
boolean moveUp() {
return move(0, -1, 0);
}
boolean moveDown() {
return move(side * side - 1, 1, 0);
}
boolean moveLeft() {
return move(0, 0, -1);
}
boolean moveRight() {
return move(side * side - 1, 0, 1);
}
void clearMerged() {
for (Tile[] row : tiles)
for (Tile tile : row)
if (tile != null)
tile.setMerged(false);
}
boolean movesAvailable() {
checkingAvailableMoves = true;
boolean hasMoves = moveUp() || moveDown() || moveLeft() || moveRight();
checkingAvailableMoves = false;
return hasMoves;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {
JFrame f = new JFrame();
f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
f.setTitle("2048");
f.setResizable(true);
f.add(new Game2048(), BorderLayout.CENTER);
f.pack();
f.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
f.setVisible(true);
});
}
}
class Tile {
private boolean merged; private int value;
Tile(int val) {
value = val;
}
int getValue() {
return value;
}
void setMerged(boolean m) {
merged = m;
}
boolean canMergeWith(Tile other) {
return !merged && other != null && !other.merged && value == other.getValue();
}
int mergeWith(Tile other) {
if (canMergeWith(other)) {
value *= 2;
merged = true;
return value;
}
return -1;
}
}</lang>
Kotlin
Stateless with focus on clarity rather than conciseness.
<lang kotlin> package com.sbg.g2048.stateless
import java.io.BufferedReader import java.io.InputStreamReader
const val positiveGameOverMessage = "So sorry, but you won the game." const val negativeGameOverMessage = "So sorry, but you lost the game."
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
val grid = arrayOf(
arrayOf(0, 0, 0, 0),
arrayOf(0, 0, 0, 0),
arrayOf(0, 0, 0, 0),
arrayOf(0, 0, 0, 0)
)
val gameOverMessage = run2048(grid) println(gameOverMessage)
}
fun run2048(grid: Array<Array<Int>>): String {
if (isGridSolved(grid)) return positiveGameOverMessage else if (isGridFull(grid)) return negativeGameOverMessage
val populatedGrid = spawnNumber(grid) display(populatedGrid)
return run2048(manipulateGrid(populatedGrid, waitForValidInput()))
}
fun isGridSolved(grid: Array<Array<Int>>): Boolean = grid.any { row -> row.contains(2048) } fun isGridFull(grid: Array<Array<Int>>): Boolean = grid.all { row -> !row.contains(0) }
fun spawnNumber(grid: Array<Array<Int>>):Array<Array<Int>> {
val coordinates = locateSpawnCoordinates(grid) val number = generateNumber()
return updateGrid(grid, coordinates, number)
}
fun locateSpawnCoordinates(grid: Array<Array<Int>>): Pair<Int, Int> {
val emptyCells = arrayListOf<Pair<Int, Int>>()
grid.forEachIndexed { x, row ->
row.forEachIndexed { y, cell ->
if (cell == 0) emptyCells.add(Pair(x, y))
}
}
return emptyCells[(Math.random() * (emptyCells.size()-1)).toInt()]
} fun generateNumber(): Int = if (Math.random() > 0.10) 2 else 4
fun updateGrid(grid: Array<Array<Int>>, at: Pair<Int, Int>, value: Int): Array<Array<Int>> {
val updatedGrid = grid.copyOf() updatedGrid[at.first][at.second] = value return updatedGrid
}
fun waitForValidInput():String {
val input = waitForInput() return if (isValidInput(input)) input else waitForValidInput()
} fun isValidInput(input: String): Boolean = arrayOf("a", "s", "d", "w").contains(input)
fun waitForInput(): String {
val br = BufferedReader(InputStreamReader(System.`in`));
println("Direction? ")
return br.readLine()
}
fun manipulateGrid(grid: Array<Array<Int>>, input: String): Array<Array<Int>> = when (input) {
"a" -> shiftCellsLeft(grid)
"s" -> shiftCellsDown(grid)
"d" -> shiftCellsRight(grid)
"w" -> shiftCellsUp(grid)
else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Expected one of [a, s, d, w]")
}
fun shiftCellsLeft(grid: Array<Array<Int>>): Array<Array<Int>> =
grid.map { row -> mergeAndOrganizeCells(row) }.toTypedArray()
fun shiftCellsRight(grid: Array<Array<Int>>): Array<Array<Int>> =
grid.map { row -> mergeAndOrganizeCells(row.reversed().toTypedArray()).reversed().toTypedArray() }.toTypedArray()
fun shiftCellsUp(grid: Array<Array<Int>>): Array<Array<Int>> {
val rows: Array<Array<Int>> = arrayOf(
arrayOf(grid[0][0], grid[1][0], grid[2][0], grid[3][0]),
arrayOf(grid[0][1], grid[1][1], grid[2][1], grid[3][1]),
arrayOf(grid[0][2], grid[1][2], grid[2][2], grid[3][2]),
arrayOf(grid[0][3], grid[1][3], grid[2][3], grid[3][3])
)
val updatedGrid = grid.copyOf()
rows.map { row ->
mergeAndOrganizeCells(row)
}.forEachIndexed { rowIdx, row ->
updatedGrid[0][rowIdx] = row[0]
updatedGrid[1][rowIdx] = row[1]
updatedGrid[2][rowIdx] = row[2]
updatedGrid[3][rowIdx] = row[3]
}
return updatedGrid
}
fun shiftCellsDown(grid: Array<Array<Int>>): Array<Array<Int>> {
val rows: Array<Array<Int>> = arrayOf(
arrayOf(grid[3][0], grid[2][0], grid[1][0], grid[0][0]),
arrayOf(grid[3][1], grid[2][1], grid[1][1], grid[0][1]),
arrayOf(grid[3][2], grid[2][2], grid[1][2], grid[0][2]),
arrayOf(grid[3][3], grid[2][3], grid[1][3], grid[0][3])
)
val updatedGrid = grid.copyOf()
rows.map { row ->
mergeAndOrganizeCells(row)
}.forEachIndexed { rowIdx, row ->
updatedGrid[3][rowIdx] = row[0]
updatedGrid[2][rowIdx] = row[1]
updatedGrid[1][rowIdx] = row[2]
updatedGrid[0][rowIdx] = row[3]
}
return updatedGrid
}
fun mergeAndOrganizeCells(row: Array<Int>): Array<Int> = organize(merge(row.copyOf()))
fun merge(row: Array<Int>, idxToMatch: Int = 0, idxToCompare: Int = 1): Array<Int> {
if (idxToMatch >= row.size)
return row
if (idxToCompare >= row.size)
return merge(row, idxToMatch + 1, idxToMatch + 2)
if (row[idxToMatch] == 0)
return merge(row, idxToMatch + 1, idxToMatch + 2)
if (row[idxToMatch] == row[idxToCompare]) {
row[idxToMatch] *= 2
row[idxToCompare] = 0
return merge(row, idxToMatch + 1, idxToMatch + 2)
} else {
return if (row[idxToCompare] != 0) merge(row, idxToMatch + 1, idxToMatch + 2)
else merge(row, idxToMatch, idxToCompare + 1)
}
}
fun organize(row: Array<Int>, idxToMatch: Int = 0, idxToCompare: Int = 1): Array<Int> {
if (idxToMatch >= row.size)
return row
if (idxToCompare >= row.size)
return organize(row, idxToMatch + 1, idxToMatch + 2)
if (row[idxToMatch] != 0)
return organize(row, idxToMatch + 1, idxToMatch + 2)
if (row[idxToCompare] != 0) {
row[idxToMatch] = row[idxToCompare]
row[idxToCompare] = 0
return organize(row, idxToMatch + 1, idxToMatch + 2)
} else {
return organize(row, idxToMatch, idxToCompare + 1)
}
}
fun display(grid: Array<Array<Int>>) {
val prettyPrintableGrid = grid.map { row ->
row.map { cell ->
if (cell == 0) " " else java.lang.String.format("%4d", cell)
}
}
println("New Grid:")
prettyPrintableGrid.forEach { row ->
println("+----+----+----+----+")
row.forEach { print("|$it") }
println("|")
}
println("+----+----+----+----+")
}</lang>
Sample output:
New Grid: +----+----+----+----+ | 2| | | | +----+----+----+----+ | | | | 2| +----+----+----+----+ | 4| 16| | | +----+----+----+----+ | 16| 4| 2| | +----+----+----+----+ Direction?
Perl 6
Uses termios to set the terminal options, so only compatible with POSIX terminals. This version does not include a specific "win" or "lose" condition. (though it would be trivial to add them.) You can continue to play this even after getting a 2048 tile; and if there is no valid move you can make, you can't do anything but quit.
<lang perl6>use Term::termios;
constant $saved = Term::termios.new(fd => 1).getattr; constant $termios = Term::termios.new(fd => 1).getattr;
- raw mode interferes with carriage returns, so
- set flags needed to emulate it manually
$termios.unset_iflags(<BRKINT ICRNL ISTRIP IXON>); $termios.unset_lflags(< ECHO ICANON IEXTEN ISIG>); $termios.setattr(:DRAIN);
- reset terminal to original setting on exit
END { $saved.setattr(:NOW) }
constant n = 4; # board size constant cell = 6; # cell width constant ansi = True; # color!
my @board = ( [ xx n] xx n ); my $save = ; my $score = 0;
constant $top = join '─' x cell, '┌', '┬' xx n-1, '┐'; constant $mid = join '─' x cell, '├', '┼' xx n-1, '┤'; constant $bot = join '─' x cell, '└', '┴' xx n-1, '┘';
my %dir = (
"\e[A" => 'up', "\e[B" => 'down', "\e[C" => 'right', "\e[D" => 'left',
);
my @ANSI = <0 1;97 1;93 1;92 1;96 1;91 1;95 1;94 1;30;47 1;43
1;42 1;46 1;41 1;45 1;44 1;33;43 1;33;42 1;33;41 1;33;44>;
sub row (@row) { '│' ~ (join '│', @row».¢er) ~ '│' }
sub center ($s){
my $c = cell - $s.chars;
my $pad = ' ' x ceiling($c/2);
my $tile = sprintf "%{cell}s", "$s$pad";
my $idx = $s ?? $s.log(2) !! 0;
ansi ?? "\e[{@ANSI[$idx]}m$tile\e[0m" !! $tile;
}
sub draw-board {
run('clear');
print qq:to/END/;
Press direction arrows to move.
Press q to quit.
$top { join "\n\t$mid\n\t", map { .&row }, @board } $bot
Score: $score
END }
sub squash (@c) {
my @t = grep { .chars }, @c;
map { combine(@t[$_], @t[$_+1]) if @t[$_] && @t[$_+1] == @t[$_] }, ^@t-1;
@t = grep { .chars }, @t;
@t.push: while @t < n;
@t;
}
sub combine ($v is rw, $w is rw) { $v += $w; $w = ; $score += $v; }
multi sub move('up') {
map { @board[*;$_] = squash @board[*;$_] }, ^n;
}
multi sub move('down') {
map { @board[*;$_] = reverse squash reverse @board[*;$_] }, ^n;
}
multi sub move('left') {
map { @board[$_] = squash @board[$_] }, ^n;
}
multi sub move('right') {
map { @board[$_] = reverse squash reverse @board[$_] }, ^n;
}
sub another {
my @empties;
for @board.kv -> $r, @row {
@empties.push(($r, $_)) for @row.grep(:k, );
}
my ( $x, $y ) = @empties.roll;
@board[$x; $y] = (flat 2 xx 9, 4).roll;
}
sub save () { join '|', flat @board».list }
loop {
another if $save ne save(); draw-board; $save = save();
# Read up to 4 bytes from keyboard buffer. # Page navigation keys are 3-4 bytes each. # Specifically, arrow keys are 3. my $key = $*IN.read(4).decode;
move %dir{$key} if so %dir{$key};
last if $key eq 'q'; # (q)uit
}</lang> Sample output:
Press direction arrows to move. Press q to quit. ┌──────┬──────┬──────┬──────┐ │ 4 │ 2 │ │ │ ├──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┤ │ 16 │ 8 │ │ │ ├──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┤ │ 64 │ 32 │ 16 │ │ ├──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┤ │ 128 │ 512 │ 128 │ 64 │ └──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┘ Score: 6392
Phix
Faithful desktop gui (windows only) reproduction of the above link (https://gabrielecirulli.github.io/2048/) Now I just got figure out how to win... <lang Phix>include ..\arwen\arwen.ew include ..\arwen\axtra.ew
constant main = create(Window, "2048", 0, 0, 20, 20, 520, 540, 0),
mainDC = getPrivateDC(main),
viewDC = c_func(xCreateCompatibleDC, {NULL})
constant TA_CENTER = 6 {} = c_func(xSetTextAlign,{viewDC,TA_CENTER}) constant hFont40 = createFontForDC(viewDC, "Calibri", 40, Bold) constant hFont32 = createFontForDC(viewDC, "Calibri", 32, Bold)
constant tile_colours = {#B4C0CC, -- blank
#DAE4EE, -- 2
#C8E0ED, -- 4
#79B1F2, -- 8
#6395F5, -- 16
#5F7CF6, -- 32
#3B5EF6, -- 64
#72CFED, -- 128
#61CCED, -- 256
#50C8ED, -- 512
#3FC5ED, -- 1024
#2EC2ED} -- 2048
-- the 4x4 board. -- note that values are [1..12] for [blank,2,4,8,..2048]. -- (merging two eights is not 8+8->16 but 4+1->5, internally) sequence board
integer newgame = 1
procedure add_rand(integer count) -- (nb infinite loop if board is full) integer x, y
while count do
x = rand(4)
y = rand(4)
if board[y][x]=1 then -- blank
board[y][x] = 2+(rand(10)=10)
count -= 1
end if
end while
end procedure
integer valid = 0 integer prev, nxt, bxy
procedure move_x(integer x, integer y, integer d)
bxy = board[x][y]
if bxy!=1 then
if bxy=prev then
board[x][y] = 1
bxy += 1
board[x][nxt] = bxy
nxt += d
prev = 13
valid = 1
else
if prev=1
or y!=nxt then
if prev!=1
and prev!=13 then
nxt += d
end if
if y!=nxt then
board[x][y] = 1
board[x][nxt] = bxy
valid = 1
end if
end if
prev = bxy
end if
end if
end procedure
procedure move_y(integer x, integer y, integer d)
bxy = board[x][y]
if bxy!=1 then
if bxy=prev then
board[x][y] = 1
bxy += 1
board[nxt][y] = bxy
nxt += d
prev = 13
valid = 1
else
if prev=1
or x!=nxt then
if prev!=1
and prev!=13 then
nxt += d
end if
if x!=nxt then
board[x][y] = 1
board[nxt][y] = bxy
valid = 1
end if
end if
prev = bxy
end if
end if
end procedure
function move(integer key) -- a non-zero result means it changed something.
valid = 0
if key=VK_LEFT then
for x=1 to 4 do
prev = 13
nxt = 1
for y=1 to 4 do
move_x(x,y,+1)
end for
end for
elsif key=VK_DOWN then
for y=1 to 4 do
prev = 13
nxt = 4
for x=4 to 1 by -1 do
move_y(x,y,-1)
end for
end for
elsif key=VK_RIGHT then
for x=1 to 4 do
prev = 13
nxt = 4
for y=4 to 1 by -1 do
move_x(x,y,-1)
end for
end for
elsif key=VK_UP then
for y=1 to 4 do
prev = 13
nxt = 1
for x=1 to 4 do
move_y(x,y,+1)
end for
end for
end if
return valid
end function
function game_won()
for i=1 to length(board) do
if find(12,board[i]) then return 1 end if
end for
return 0
end function
constant valid_keys = {VK_LEFT,VK_DOWN,VK_RIGHT,VK_UP}
function no_valid_moves() sequence saved_board = board
for i=1 to length(valid_keys) do
if move(valid_keys[i]) then
board = saved_board
return 0 -- OK
end if
end for
return 1 -- game over...
end function
integer dw = 0, dh = 0 -- client area width and height atom bmView integer vwX = 0, vwY = 0 -- actual size of the view bitmap
integer ox,oy, -- top tight coords
os,ts, -- overall and tile size
ts2 -- half tile, for number positioning
function mainHandler(integer id, integer msg, atom wParam, object lParam) integer tx, ty, bxy string mbmsg
if msg=WM_SIZE then
{{},{},dw,dh} = getClientRect(main)
if dw>vwX or dh>vwY then
-- we need a bigger bitmap
bmView = c_func(xCreateCompatibleBitmap, {mainDC, dw, dh})
{} = deleteObject(selectObject(viewDC,bmView))
{vwX,vwY} = {dw,dh}
end if
if dw>=dh then
ox = floor((dw-dh)/2)
oy = 0
os = dh
else
ox = 0
oy = floor((dh-dw)/2)
os = dw
end if
ts = floor((os-10)/4-7)
ts2 = floor(ts/2+5)-10
elsif msg=WM_PAINT then
if newgame then
board = repeat(repeat(1,4),4)
add_rand(2)
newgame = 0
end if
setPenColor(#EFF8FA)
drawRectangleh(viewDC, True, 0, 0, dw, dh)
setPenColor(#A0ADBB)
drawRoundRecth(viewDC, True, ox+5, oy+5, ox+os-5, oy+os-5, 10, 10)
tx = ox+15
for y=1 to 4 do
ty = oy+15
for x=1 to 4 do
bxy = board[x][y]
setPenColor(tile_colours[bxy])
drawRoundRecth(viewDC, True, tx, ty, tx+ts-10, ty+ts-10, 5, 5)
if bxy>1 then
setPenColor(iff(bxy<=3?#656E77:#F2F6F9))
{} = selectObject(viewDC,iff(bxy>10?hFont32:hFont40))
wPuts2(viewDC, tx+ts2, ty+ts2-25-iff(bxy<11?7:0), power(2,bxy-1))
end if
ty += ts+5
end for
tx += ts+5
end for
void = c_func(xBitBlt,{mainDC,0,0,dw,dh,viewDC,0,0,SRCCOPY})
elsif msg=WM_CHAR then
if wParam=VK_ESCAPE then
closeWindow(main)
if id or object(lParam) then end if -- suppress warnings
end if
elsif msg=WM_KEYDOWN then
if move(wParam) then
mbmsg = ""
if game_won() then
mbmsg = "!!!YOU WON!!!\n\nAnother Go?"
else
add_rand(1)
repaintWindow(main)
if no_valid_moves() then
mbmsg = "You Lost.\n\nAnother Go?"
end if
end if
if length(mbmsg) then
if messageBox("Game Over",mbmsg,MB_YESNO)=IDYES then
newgame=1
else
closeWindow(main)
end if
end if
end if
elsif msg=WM_GETMINMAXINFO then
poke4(lParam+MINMAXINFO_ptMinTrackSize,{440,450})
end if
return 0
end function setHandler({main},routine_id("mainHandler"))
WinMain(main, SW_NORMAL)</lang>
PicoLisp
<lang PicoLisp>(load "@lib/simul.l")
(seed (in "/dev/urandom" (rd 8)))
(setq *G (grid 4 4) *D NIL)
(de cell ()
(use This
(while
(get
(setq This
(intern
(pack
(char (+ 96 (rand 1 4)))
(rand 1 4) ) ) )
'N ) )
(=: N (if (> 90 (rand 1 100)) 2 4) ) )
(setq *D (fish '((This) (: N)) *G)) )
(de redraw (G S D)
# zeroize *G
(mapc
'((I)
(mapc '((This) (=: N NIL)) I) )
*G )
# draw again
(mapc
'((X This)
(while (and This X)
(=: N (pop 'X))
(setq This (D This)) ) )
G
S ) )
(de summ (Lst)
(mapcar
'((L)
(make
(while L
(ifn (= (car L) (cadr L))
(link (car L))
(link (+ (car L) (cadr L)))
(pop 'L) )
(pop 'L) ) ) )
Lst ) )
(de vertical ()
(mapcar
'((X) (extract '((This) (: N)) X))
*G ) )
(de horizontal ()
(mapcar
'((This)
(make
(while This
(when (: N) (link @))
(setq This (east This)) ) ) )
(car *G) ) )
(de finish? ()
(nor
(fish
'((This)
(when (atom This) (= NIL (: N))) )
*G )
(find
'((L)
(find
'((This)
(when (: N)
(find
'((D)
(= (: N) (get (D This) 'N)) )
(quote north south west east) ) ) )
L ) )
*G ) ) )
(de board (D)
(space 3)
(prin '+)
(for I G
(prin (if (D (car I)) " +" "---+")) )
(prinl) )
(de display ()
(let G (mapcar reverse *G)
(board north)
(while (caar G)
(space 3)
(prin '|)
(for I G
(with (car I)
(prin
(if (: N) (align 3 (: N)) " ")
(if (east This) " " '|) ) ) )
(prinl)
(board south)
(map pop G) )
(do 2
(prinl) ) ) )
(do 2
(cell) )
(display) (loop
(case
(pack
(make
(link (key))
(while (key 100)
(link @) ) ) )
("^[[D" #left
(redraw (summ (horizontal)) '(a1 a2 a3 a4) east) )
("^[[C" #rigth
(redraw
(summ (mapcar reverse (horizontal)))
'(d1 d2 d3 d4)
west) )
("^[[B" #down
(redraw (summ (vertical)) '(a1 b1 c1 d1) north) )
("^[[A" #up
(redraw
(summ (mapcar reverse (vertical)))
'(a4 b4 c4 d4)
south) ) )
(when (diff *D (fish '((This) (: N)) *G))
(cell) )
(display)
(T (finish?) (println 'Finish))
(T (fish '((This) (= 512 (: N))) *G)
(println 'Maximum) ) )
(bye)</lang>
Python
<lang python>
- !/usr/bin/env python3
import curses from random import randrange, choice # generate and place new tile from collections import defaultdict
letter_codes = [ord(ch) for ch in 'WASDRQwasdrq'] actions = ['Up', 'Left', 'Down', 'Right', 'Restart', 'Exit'] actions_dict = dict(zip(letter_codes, actions * 2))
def get_user_action(keyboard): char = "N" while char not in actions_dict: char = keyboard.getch() return actions_dict[char]
def transpose(field): return [list(row) for row in zip(*field)]
def invert(field): return [row[::-1] for row in field]
class GameField(object): def __init__(self, height=4, width=4, win=2048): self.height = height self.width = width self.win_value = 2048 self.score = 0 self.highscore = 0 self.reset()
def reset(self): if self.score > self.highscore: self.highscore = self.score self.score = 0 self.field = [[0 for i in range(self.width)] for j in range(self.height)] self.spawn() self.spawn()
def move(self, direction): def move_row_left(row): def tighten(row): # squeese non-zero elements together new_row = [i for i in row if i != 0] new_row += [0 for i in range(len(row) - len(new_row))] return new_row
def merge(row): pair = False new_row = [] for i in range(len(row)): if pair: new_row.append(2 * row[i]) self.score += 2 * row[i] pair = False else: if i + 1 < len(row) and row[i] == row[i + 1]: pair = True new_row.append(0) else: new_row.append(row[i]) assert len(new_row) == len(row) return new_row return tighten(merge(tighten(row)))
moves = {} moves['Left'] = lambda field: \ [move_row_left(row) for row in field] moves['Right'] = lambda field: \ invert(moves['Left'](invert(field))) moves['Up'] = lambda field: \ transpose(moves['Left'](transpose(field))) moves['Down'] = lambda field: \ transpose(moves['Right'](transpose(field)))
if direction in moves: if self.move_is_possible(direction): self.field = moves[direction](self.field) self.spawn() return True else: return False
def is_win(self): return any(any(i >= self.win_value for i in row) for row in self.field)
def is_gameover(self): return not any(self.move_is_possible(move) for move in actions)
def draw(self, screen): help_string1 = '(W)Up (S)Down (A)Left (D)Right' help_string2 = ' (R)Restart (Q)Exit' gameover_string = ' GAME OVER' win_string = ' YOU WIN!' def cast(string): screen.addstr(string + '\n')
def draw_hor_separator(): top = '┌' + ('┬──────' * self.width + '┐')[1:] mid = '├' + ('┼──────' * self.width + '┤')[1:] bot = '└' + ('┴──────' * self.width + '┘')[1:] separator = defaultdict(lambda: mid) separator[0], separator[self.height] = top, bot if not hasattr(draw_hor_separator, "counter"): draw_hor_separator.counter = 0 cast(separator[draw_hor_separator.counter]) draw_hor_separator.counter += 1
def draw_row(row): cast(.join('│{: ^5} '.format(num) if num > 0 else '| ' for num in row) + '│')
screen.clear() cast('SCORE: ' + str(self.score)) if 0 != self.highscore: cast('HGHSCORE: ' + str(self.highscore)) for row in self.field: draw_hor_separator() draw_row(row) draw_hor_separator() if self.is_win(): cast(win_string) else: if self.is_gameover(): cast(gameover_string) else: cast(help_string1) cast(help_string2)
def spawn(self): new_element = 4 if randrange(100) > 89 else 2 (i,j) = choice([(i,j) for i in range(self.width) for j in range(self.height) if self.field[i][j] == 0]) self.field[i][j] = new_element
def move_is_possible(self, direction): def row_is_left_movable(row): def change(i): # true if there'll be change in i-th tile if row[i] == 0 and row[i + 1] != 0: # Move return True if row[i] != 0 and row[i + 1] == row[i]: # Merge return True return False return any(change(i) for i in range(len(row) - 1))
check = {} check['Left'] = lambda field: \ any(row_is_left_movable(row) for row in field)
check['Right'] = lambda field: \ check['Left'](invert(field))
check['Up'] = lambda field: \ check['Left'](transpose(field))
check['Down'] = lambda field: \ check['Right'](transpose(field))
if direction in check: return check[direction](self.field) else: return False
def main(stdscr): curses.use_default_colors() game_field = GameField(win=32) state_actions = {} # Init, Game, Win, Gameover, Exit def init(): game_field.reset() return 'Game'
state_actions['Init'] = init
def not_game(state): game_field.draw(stdscr) action = get_user_action(stdscr) responses = defaultdict(lambda: state) responses['Restart'], responses['Exit'] = 'Init', 'Exit' return responses[action]
state_actions['Win'] = lambda: not_game('Win') state_actions['Gameover'] = lambda: not_game('Gameover')
def game(): game_field.draw(stdscr) action = get_user_action(stdscr) if action == 'Restart': return 'Init' if action == 'Exit': return 'Exit' if game_field.move(action): # move successful if game_field.is_win(): return 'Win' if game_field.is_gameover(): return 'Gameover' return 'Game'
state_actions['Game'] = game
state = 'Init' while state != 'Exit': state = state_actions[state]()
curses.wrapper(main) </lang>
Ruby
inspired by the Perl6 version <lang ruby>
- !/usr/bin/ruby
require 'io/console'
class Board
def initialize size=4, win_limit=2048, cell_width = 6
@size = size; @cw = cell_width; @win_limit = win_limit
@board = Array.new(size) {Array.new(size, 0)}
@moved = true; @score = 0; @no_more_moves = false
spawn
end
def draw
print "\n\n" if @r_vert
print ' ' if @r_hori
print '┌' + (['─' * @cw] * @size).join('┬') + '┐'
@board.each do |row|
print "\n"
formated = row.map {|num| num == 0 ? ' ' * @cw : format(num)}
print ' ' if @r_hori
puts '│' + formated.join('│') + '│'
print ' ' if @r_hori
print '├' + ([' ' * @cw] * @size).join('┼') + '┤'
end
print "\r"
print ' ' if @r_hori
puts '└' + (['─' * @cw] * @size).join('┴') + '┘'
end
def move direction
case direction
when :up
@board = column_map {|c| logic(c)}
@r_vert = false if $rumble
when :down
@board = column_map {|c| logic(c.reverse).reverse}
@r_vert = true if $rumble
when :left
@board = row_map {|r| logic(r)}
@r_hori = false if $rumble
when :right
@board = row_map {|r| logic(r.reverse).reverse}
@r_hori = true if $rumble
end
spawn
@moved = false
end
def print_score
puts "Your Score is #@score."
puts "Congratulations, you have won!" if to_enum.any? {|e| e >= @win_limit}
end
def no_more_moves?; @no_more_moves; end
def won?; to_enum.any? {|e| e >= @win_limit}; end
def reset!; initialize @size, @win_limit, @cw; end
private
def set x, y, val @board[y][x] = val end
def spawn
free_pos = to_enum.select{|elem,x,y| elem == 0}.map{|_,x,y| [x,y]}
unless free_pos.empty?
set *free_pos.sample, rand > 0.1 ? 2 : 4 if @moved
else
snap = @board
unless @stop
@stop = true
%i{up down left right}.each{|s| move(s)}
@no_more_moves = true if snap.flatten == @board.flatten
@board = snap
@stop = false
end
end
end
def logic list
jump = false
result =
list.reduce([]) do |res, val|
if res.last == val && !jump
res[-1] += val @score += val
jump = true
elsif val != 0
res.push val
jump = false
end
res
end
result += [0] * (@size - result.length)
@moved ||= list != result
result
end
def column_map
xboard = @board.transpose
xboard.map!{|c| yield c }
xboard.transpose
end
def row_map
@board.map {|r| yield r }
end
def to_enum
@enum ||= Enumerator.new(@size * @size) do |yielder|
(@size*@size).times do |i|
yielder.yield (@board[i / @size][i % @size]), (i % @size), (i / @size )
end end @enum.rewind end
def format(num)
if $color
cstart = "\e[" + $colors[Math.log(num, 2)] + "m"
cend = "\e[0m"
else
cstart = cend = ""
end
cstart + num.to_s.center(@cw) + cend
end
end
$color = true $colors = %W{0 1;97 1;93 1;92 1;96 1;91 1;95 1;94 1;30;47 1;43 1;42 1;46 1;41 1;45 1;44 1;33;43 1;33;42 1;33;41 1;33;44} $rumble = false
$check_score = true unless ARGV.empty?
puts "Usage: #$0 [gridsize] [score-threshold] [padwidth] [--no-color] [--rumble]"; exit if %W[-h --help].include?(ARGV[0])
args = ARGV.map(&:to_i).reject{|n| n == 0}
b = Board.new(*args) unless args.empty?
$rumble = true if ARGV.any?{|a| a =~ /rumble/i }
$color = false if ARGV.any?{|a| a =~ /no.?color/i}
end
b ||= Board.new puts "\e[H\e[2J" b.draw puts "Press h for help, q to quit" loop do
input = STDIN.getch
if input == "\e"
2.times {input << STDIN.getch}
end
case input when "\e[A", "w" then b.move(:up) when "\e[B", "a" then b.move(:down) when "\e[C", "s" then b.move(:right) when "\e[D", "d" then b.move(:left) when "q","\u0003","\u0004" then b.print_score; exit
when "h"
puts <<-EOM.gsub(/^\s*/, )
┌─ ─┐
│Use the arrow-keys or WASD on your keyboard to push board in the given direction.
│Tiles with the same number merge into one.
│Get a tile with a value of #{ARGV[1] || 2048} to win.
│In case you cannot move or merge any tiles anymore, you loose.
│You can start this game with different settings by providing commandline argument:
│For instance:
│ %> #$0 6 8192 --rumble
└─ ─┘
PRESS q TO QUIT (or Ctrl-C or Ctrl-D)
EOM
input = STDIN.getch
end
puts "\e[H\e[2J" b.draw
if b.no_more_moves? or $check_score && b.won?
b.print_score
if b.no_more_moves?
puts "No more moves possible"
puts "Again? (y/n)"
exit if STDIN.gets.chomp.downcase == "n"
$check_score = true
b.reset!
puts "\e[H\e[2J"
b.draw
else
puts "Continue? (y/n)"
exit if STDIN.gets.chomp.downcase == "n"
$check_score = false
puts "\e[H\e[2J"
b.draw
end
end
end </lang>
Rust
Text mode
A simple implementation in rust. The user has to input an endline since i did not find a way to read a key press <lang rust> use std::io::{self,BufRead}; extern crate rand;
enum Usermove {
Up, Down, Left, Right,
}
fn print_game(field :& [[u32;4];4] ){
println!("{:?}",&field[0] );
println!("{:?}",&field[1] );
println!("{:?}",&field[2] );
println!("{:?}",&field[3] );
}
fn get_usermove()-> Usermove {
let umove: Usermove ;
loop{
let mut input = String::new();
io::stdin().read_line(&mut input).unwrap();
match input.chars().nth(0){
Some('a') =>{umove = Usermove::Left ;break },
Some('w') =>{umove = Usermove::Up ;break },
Some('s') =>{umove = Usermove::Down ;break },
Some('d') =>{umove = Usermove::Right;break },
_ => {println!("input was {}: invalid character should be a,s,w or d ",input.chars().nth(0).unwrap());} ,
}
}
umove
}
//this function inplements the user moves. //for every element it looks if the element is zero // if the element is zero it looks against the direction of the movement if any //element is not zero then it will move it to the element its place then it will look for //a matching element // if the element is not zero then it will look for a match if no match is found // then it will look for the next element
fn do_game_step(step : &Usermove, field:&mut [[u32;4];4]){
match *step {
Usermove::Left =>{
for array in field{
for col in 0..4 {
for testcol in (col+1)..4 {
if array[testcol] != 0 {
if array[col] == 0 {
array[col] += array[testcol];
array[testcol] = 0;
}
else if array[col] == array[testcol] {
array[col] += array[testcol];
array[testcol] = 0;
break;
} else {
break
}
}
}
}
}
} ,
Usermove::Right=>{
for array in field{
for col in (0..4).rev() {
for testcol in (0..col).rev() {
if array[testcol] != 0 {
if array[col] == 0 {
array[col] += array[testcol];
array[testcol] = 0;
}
else if array[col] == array[testcol] {
array[col] += array[testcol];
array[testcol] = 0;
break;
}else {
break;
}
}
}
}
}
} ,
Usermove::Down =>{
for col in 0..4 {
for row in (0..4).rev() {
for testrow in (0..row).rev() {
if field[testrow][col] != 0 {
if field[row][col] == 0 {
field[row][col] += field[testrow][col];
field[testrow][col] = 0;
} else if field[row][col] == field[testrow][col] {
field[row][col] += field[testrow][col];
field[testrow][col] = 0;
break;
}else {
break;
}
}
}
}
}
} ,
Usermove::Up =>{
for col in 0..4 {
for row in 0..4{
for testrow in (row+1)..4 {
if field[testrow][col] != 0 {
if field[row][col] == 0 {
field[row][col] += field[testrow][col];
field[testrow][col] = 0;
} else if field[row][col] == field[testrow][col] {
field[row][col] += field[testrow][col];
field[testrow][col] = 0;
break;
}else {
break;
}
}
}
}
}
},
}
}
fn spawn( field: &mut [[u32;4];4]){
loop{
let x = rand::random::<usize>();
if field[x % 4][(x/4)%4] == 0 {
if x % 10 == 0 {
field[x % 4][(x/4)%4]= 4;
}else{
field[x % 4][(x/4)%4]= 2;
}
break;
}
}
}
fn main() {
let mut field : [[u32; 4];4] = [[0;4];4];
let mut test : [[u32; 4];4] ;
'gameloop:loop {
//check if there is still an open space
test=field.clone();
spawn(&mut field);
//if all possible moves do not yield a change then there is no valid move left
//and it will be game over
for i in [Usermove::Up,Usermove::Down,Usermove::Left,Usermove::Right].into_iter(){
do_game_step(i, &mut test);
if test != field{
break;//found a valid move
}
match *i{
Usermove::Right=> {
println!("No more valid move, you lose");
break 'gameloop;
},
_=>{},
}
}
print_game(&field);
println!("move the blocks");
test=field.clone();
while test==field {
do_game_step(&get_usermove(), &mut field);
}
for row in field.iter(){
if row.iter().any(|x| *x == 2048){
print_game(&field );
println!("You Won!!");
break;
}
}
}
} </lang>
Tcl
Text mode
<lang tcl>
- A minimal implementation of the game 2048 in Tcl.
- For a maintained version with expanded functionality see
- https://tcl.wiki/40557.
package require Tcl 8.5 package require struct::matrix package require struct::list
- Board size.
set size 4
- Iterate over all cells of the game board and run script for each.
- The game board is a 2D matrix of a fixed size that consists of elements
- called "cells" that each can contain a game tile (corresponds to numerical
- values of 2, 4, 8, ..., 2048) or nothing (zero).
- - cellList is a list of cell indexes (coordinates), which are
- themselves lists of two numbers each. They each represent the location
- of a given cell on the board.
- - varName1 are varName2 are names of the variables the will be assigned
- the index values.
- - cellVarName is the name of the variable that at each step of iteration
- will contain the numerical value of the present cell. Assigning to it will
- change the cell's value.
- - script is the script to run.
proc forcells {cellList varName1 varName2 cellVarName script} {
upvar $varName1 i
upvar $varName2 j
upvar $cellVarName c
foreach cell $cellList {
set i [lindex $cell 0]
set j [lindex $cell 1]
set c [cell-get $cell]
uplevel $script
cell-set "$i $j" $c
}
}
- Generate a list of cell indexes for all cells on the board, i.e.,
- {{0 0} {0 1} ... {0 size-1} {1 0} {1 1} ... {size-1 size-1}}.
proc cell-indexes {} {
global size
set list {}
foreach i [::struct::list iota $size] {
foreach j [::struct::list iota $size] {
lappend list [list $i $j]
}
}
return $list
}
- Check if a number is a valid cell index (is 0 to size-1).
proc valid-index {i} {
global size
expr {0 <= $i && $i < $size}
}
- Return 1 if the predicate pred is true when applied to all items on the list
- or 0 otherwise.
proc map-and {list pred} {
set res 1
foreach item $list {
set res [expr {$res && [$pred $item]}]
if {! $res} break
}
return $res
}
- Check if list represents valid cell coordinates.
proc valid-cell? cell {
map-and $cell valid-index
}
- Get the value of a game board cell.
proc cell-get cell {
board get cell {*}$cell
}
- Set the value of a game board cell.
proc cell-set {cell value} {
board set cell {*}$cell $value
}
- Filter a list of board cell indexes cellList to only have those indexes
- that correspond to empty board cells.
proc empty {cellList} {
::struct::list filterfor x $cellList {[cell-get $x] == 0}
}
- Pick a random item from the given list.
proc pick list {
lindex $list [expr {int(rand() * [llength $list])}]
}
- Put a "2" into an empty cell on the board.
proc spawn-new {} {
set emptyCell [pick [empty [cell-indexes]]]
if {[llength $emptyCell] > 0} {
forcells [list $emptyCell] i j cell {
set cell 2
}
}
return $emptyCell
}
- Return vector sum of lists v1 and v2.
proc vector-add {v1 v2} {
set result {}
foreach a $v1 b $v2 {
lappend result [expr {$a + $b}]
}
return $result
}
- If checkOnly is false try to shift all cells one step in the direction of
- directionVect. If checkOnly is true just say if that move is possible.
proc move-all {directionVect {checkOnly 0}} {
set changedCells 0
forcells [cell-indexes] i j cell {
set newIndex [vector-add "$i $j" $directionVect]
set removedStar 0
# For every nonempty source cell and valid destination cell...
if {$cell != 0 && [valid-cell? $newIndex]} {
if {[cell-get $newIndex] == 0} {
# Destination is empty.
if {$checkOnly} {
# -level 2 is to return from both forcells and move-all.
return -level 2 true
} else {
# Move tile to empty cell.
cell-set $newIndex $cell
set cell 0
incr changedCells
}
} elseif {([cell-get $newIndex] eq $cell) &&
[string first + $cell] == -1} {
# Destination is the same number as source.
if {$checkOnly} {
return -level 2 true
} else {
# When merging two tiles into one mark the new tile with
# the marker of "+" to ensure it doesn't get combined
# again this turn.
cell-set $newIndex [expr {2 * $cell}]+
set cell 0
incr changedCells
}
}
}
}
if {$checkOnly} {
return false
}
# Remove "changed this turn" markers at the end of the turn.
if {$changedCells == 0} {
forcells [cell-indexes] i j cell {
set cell [string trim $cell +]
}
}
return $changedCells
}
- Is it possible to move any tiles in the direction of directionVect?
proc can-move? {directionVect} {
move-all $directionVect 1
}
- Check win condition. The player wins when there's a 2048 tile.
proc check-win {} {
forcells [cell-indexes] i j cell {
if {$cell == 2048} {
puts "You win!"
exit 0
}
}
}
- Check lose condition. The player loses when the win condition isn't met and
- there are no possible moves.
proc check-lose {possibleMoves} {
set values [dict values $possibleMoves]
if {!(true in $values || 1 in $values)} {
puts "You lose."
exit 0
}
}
- Pretty-print the board. Specify an index in highlight to highlight a cell.
proc print-board {{highlight {-1 -1}}} {
forcells [cell-indexes] i j cell {
if {$j == 0} {
puts ""
}
puts -nonewline [
if {$cell != 0} {
if {[::struct::list equal "$i $j" $highlight]} {
format "\[%4s\]" $cell*
} else {
format "\[%4s\]" $cell
}
} else {
lindex "......"
}
]
}
puts "\n"
}
proc main {} {
global size
struct::matrix board
# Generate an empty board of a given size.
board add columns $size
board add rows $size
forcells [cell-indexes] i j cell {
set cell 0
}
set controls {
h {0 -1}
j {1 0}
k {-1 0}
l {0 1}
}
# Game loop.
while true {
set playerMove 0
set possibleMoves {}
# Add new tile to the board and print the board highlighting this tile.
print-board [spawn-new]
check-win
# Find possible moves.
foreach {button vector} $controls {
dict set possibleMoves $button [can-move? $vector]
}
check-lose $possibleMoves
# Get valid input from the player.
while {$playerMove == 0} {
# Print prompt.
puts -nonewline "Move ("
foreach {button vector} $controls {
if {[dict get $possibleMoves $button]} {
puts -nonewline $button
}
}
puts ")?"
set playerInput [gets stdin]
# Validate input.
if {[dict exists $possibleMoves $playerInput] &&
[dict get $possibleMoves $playerInput]} {
set playerMove [dict get $controls $playerInput]
}
}
# Apply current move until no changes occur on the board.
while true {
if {[move-all $playerMove] == 0} break
}
}
}
main </lang>