Substring/Top and tail: Difference between revisions

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 echo substr("brooms", 1, -1), "\n";   // strip both first and last characters
 ?></lang>
+=={{header|Picat}}==
+Approach 1: Functions.
+<lang Picat>go =>
+  test("upraisers"),
+  test("Δημοτική"),
+  nl.
+test(S) =>
+  println(s=S),
+  println(butfirst=S.slice(2)),
+  println(butfirst=S.tail),
+  println(butfirst=S[2..S.len]),
+  println(butlast=S.but_last()),
+  println(butfirst_butlast=S.tail.but_last),
+  println(butfirst_butlast=slice(S,2,S.length-1)),
+  println(butfirst_butlast=[S[I] : I in 2..S.length-1]),
+  println(butfirst_butlast=S[2..S.length-1]),
+  nl.
+but_last(S)  = S.slice(1,S.length-1).</lang>
+{{out}}
+<pre>s = upraisers
+butfirst = praisers
+butfirst = praisers
+butfirst = praisers
+butlast = upraiser
+butfirst_butlast = praiser
+butfirst_butlast = praiser
+butfirst_butlast = praiser
+butfirst_butlast = praiser
+s = Δημοτική
+butfirst = ημοτική
+butfirst = ημοτική
+butfirst = ημοτική
+butlast = Δημοτικ
+butfirst_butlast = ημοτικ
+butfirst_butlast = ημοτικ
+butfirst_butlast = ημοτικ
+butfirst_butlast = ημοτικ</pre>
+Approach 2:
+{{trans|Prolog}}
+<lang Picat>go2 =>
+  test2("upraisers"),
+  nl,
+  test2("Δημοτική"),
+  nl.
+test2(L) :-
+    L = [_|L1],
+    remove_last(L, L2),
+    remove_last(L1, L3),
+    writef("Original string          : %s\n", L),
+    writef("Without first char       : %s\n", L1),
+    writef("Without last char        : %s\n", L2),
+    writef("Without first/last chars : %s\n", L3).
+remove_last(L, LR) :-
+    append(LR, [_], L).</lang>
+{{out}}
+<pre>Original string          : upraisers
+Without first char       : praisers
+Without last char        : upraiser
+Without first/last chars : praiser
+Original string          : Δημοτική
+Without first char       : ημοτική
+Without last char        : Δημοτικ
+Without first/last chars : ημοτικ</pre>
 =={{header|PicoLisp}}==