Sockets: Difference between revisions
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=={{header|IDL}}== |
=={{header|IDL}}== |
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<tt> |
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<lang idl>socket, unit, 'localhost',256,/get_lun |
<lang idl>socket, unit, 'localhost',256,/get_lun |
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printf,unit,"hello socket world" |
printf,unit,"hello socket world" |
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close, unit</lang> |
close, unit</lang> |
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</tt> |
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"Well-known" port numbers (under 1024 -- such as 256) can also be specified by name (in this case 'RAP'). |
"Well-known" port numbers (under 1024 -- such as 256) can also be specified by name (in this case 'RAP'). |
Revision as of 05:19, 23 April 2010
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
For this exercise a program is open a socket to localhost on port 256 and send the message "hello socket world" before closing the socket. Catching any exceptions or errors is not required.
Ada
<lang ada>with GNAT.Sockets; use GNAT.Sockets;
procedure SocketSend is
procedure sendData (IP : String; Msg : String) is Client : Socket_Type; Address : Sock_Addr_Type; Channel : Stream_Access; begin Create_Socket (Client); Address.Addr := Inet_Addr(ip); Address.Port := 256; Connect_Socket (Client, Address); Channel := Stream (Client); String'Write (Channel, Msg); Close_Socket (Client); end;
begin
Initialize; sendData ("127.0.0.1","hello socket world");
end;</lang>
AutoHotkey
modified from script by zed gecko. <lang autohotkey>Network_Port = 256 Network_Address = 127.0.0.1 NewData := false DataReceived = GoSub, Connection_Init SendData(socket,"hello socket world") return
Connection_Init: OnExit, ExitSub
socket := ConnectToAddress(Network_Address, Network_Port) if socket = -1
ExitApp
Process, Exist DetectHiddenWindows On ScriptMainWindowId := WinExist("ahk_class AutoHotkey ahk_pid " . ErrorLevel) DetectHiddenWindows Off
NotificationMsg = 0x5556 OnMessage(NotificationMsg, "ReceiveData")
FD_READ = 1 FD_CLOSE = 32 if DllCall("Ws2_32\WSAAsyncSelect", "UInt", socket, "UInt", ScriptMainWindowId, "UInt", NotificationMsg, "Int", FD_READ|FD_CLOSE) {
MsgBox % "WSAAsyncSelect() indicated Winsock error " . DllCall("Ws2_32\WSAGetLastError") ExitApp
}
return
ConnectToAddress(IPAddress, Port)
{
VarSetCapacity(wsaData, 32) result := DllCall("Ws2_32\WSAStartup", "UShort", 0x0002, "UInt", &wsaData) if ErrorLevel { MsgBox WSAStartup() could not be called due to error %ErrorLevel%. Winsock 2.0 or higher is required. return -1 } if result { MsgBox % "WSAStartup() indicated Winsock error " . DllCall("Ws2_32\WSAGetLastError") return -1 } AF_INET = 2 SOCK_STREAM = 1 IPPROTO_TCP = 6 socket := DllCall("Ws2_32\socket", "Int", AF_INET, "Int", SOCK_STREAM, "Int", IPPROTO_TCP) if socket = -1 { MsgBox % "socket() indicated Winsock error " . DllCall("Ws2_32\WSAGetLastError") return -1 } SizeOfSocketAddress = 16 VarSetCapacity(SocketAddress, SizeOfSocketAddress) InsertInteger(2, SocketAddress, 0, AF_INET) InsertInteger(DllCall("Ws2_32\htons", "UShort", Port), SocketAddress, 2, 2) InsertInteger(DllCall("Ws2_32\inet_addr", "Str", IPAddress), SocketAddress, 4, 4) if DllCall("Ws2_32\connect", "UInt", socket, "UInt", &SocketAddress, "Int", SizeOfSocketAddress) { MsgBox % "connect() indicated Winsock error " . DllCall("Ws2_32\WSAGetLastError") . "?" return -1 } return socket
}
ReceiveData(wParam, lParam) {
global DataReceived global NewData socket := wParam ReceivedDataSize = 4096 Loop { VarSetCapacity(ReceivedData, ReceivedDataSize, 0) ReceivedDataLength := DllCall("Ws2_32\recv", "UInt", socket, "Str", ReceivedData, "Int", ReceivedDataSize, "Int", 0) if ReceivedDataLength = 0 ExitApp if ReceivedDataLength = -1 { WinsockError := DllCall("Ws2_32\WSAGetLastError") if WinsockError = 10035 { DataReceived = %TempDataReceived% NewData := true return 1 } if WinsockError <> 10054 MsgBox % "recv() indicated Winsock error " . WinsockError ExitApp } if (A_Index = 1) TempDataReceived = TempDataReceived = %TempDataReceived%%ReceivedData% } return 1
}
SendData(wParam,SendData) {
socket := wParam SendDataSize := VarSetCapacity(SendData) SendDataSize += 1 sendret := DllCall("Ws2_32\send", "UInt", socket, "Str", SendData, "Int", SendDatasize, "Int", 0)
}
InsertInteger(pInteger, ByRef pDest, pOffset = 0, pSize = 4) {
Loop %pSize% DllCall("RtlFillMemory", "UInt", &pDest + pOffset + A_Index-1, "UInt", 1, "UChar", pInteger >> 8*(A_Index-1) & 0xFF)
}
ReceiveProcedure:
if NewData GuiControl, , ReceivedText, %DataReceived% NewData := false
Return
ExitSub: DllCall("Ws2_32\WSACleanup") ExitApp</lang>
C
With little changes it could work on MS Windows (without Cygwin) too. But I don't know exactly how. I have tested it using nc -l 256
.
<lang c>#include <stdio.h>
- include <string.h>
- include <sys/types.h>
- include <sys/socket.h>
- include <netdb.h>
const char *msg = "hello socket world";
int main() {
int i, sock, len, slen;
struct addrinfo hints, *addrs; memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo)); hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC; hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM; if (0 == getaddrinfo("localhost", "256", &hints, &addrs)) { sock = socket(addrs->ai_family, addrs->ai_socktype, addrs->ai_protocol); if ( sock >= 0 ) { if ( connect(sock, addrs->ai_addr, addrs->ai_addrlen) >= 0 ) { const char *pm = msg; do { len = strlen(pm); slen = send(sock, pm, len, 0); pm += slen; } while ((0 <= slen) && (slen < len)); } close(sock); } freeaddrinfo(addrs); }
}</lang>
C#
<lang csharp>using System; using System.IO; using System.Net.Sockets;
class Program {
static void Main(string[] args) { TcpClient tcp = new TcpClient("localhost", 256); StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(tcp.GetStream());
writer.Write("hello socket world"); writer.Flush();
tcp.Close(); }
}</lang>
Clojure
<lang clojure>(ns socket-example
(:import (java.net Socket) (java.io PrintWriter)))
(defn send-data [host msg]
(let [sock (Socket. host 256) printer (PrintWriter. (.getOutputStream sock))] (.println printer msg) (.close printer) (.close sock)))
(send-data "localhost" "hello socket world")</lang>
Common Lisp
<lang lisp>CL-USER> (usocket:with-client-socket (socket stream "localhost" 256)
(write-line "hello socket world" stream) (values))
- No value</lang>
<lang lisp>aurora ~% sudo nc -l -p 256 hello socket world</lang>
D
<lang d>module socket ; import std.stdio ; import std.socket ; version(Win32) {
// For Win32 systems, need to link with ws2_32.lib. pragma(lib, "ws2_32.lib") ;
} void main() {
auto socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.INET, SocketType.STREAM) ; socket.connect(new InternetAddress("localhost",256)) ; writefln(socket.send(cast(void[])"hello socket world"), " bytes sent.") ; socket.close() ;
}</lang>
Factor
<lang factor>"localhost" 256 <inet> utf8 [ "hello socket world" print ] with-client</lang>
Forth
<lang forth>include unix/socket.fs
s" localhost" 256 open-socket
dup s" hello socket world" rot write-socket
close-socket</lang>
Haskell
<lang haskell>import Network
main = withSocketsDo $ sendTo "localhost" (PortNumber $ toEnum 256) "hello socket world"</lang>
Icon and Unicon
Icon
<lang icon>link cfunc procedure main ()
hello("localhost", 1024)
end
procedure hello (host, port)
write(tconnect(host, port) | stop("unable to connect to", host, ":", port) , "hello socket world")
end</lang> Note: Socket support in native Icon is limited and requires the external helper function cfunc.
Unicon
Unicon integrated TCP/IP networking and messaging. <lang unicon>procedure main(arglist) #: usage socket port hostname or socket port
hello(arglist[2]|"",arglist[1])
end
procedure hello(host,port)
local s /host := "" host ||:= ":" host ||:= 0 < 65536 > port | runerr(103,port) if s := open(host,"n") then { write(s, "hello socket world.") close(s) } else stop("Unable to connect to ",host,":",port) return
end</lang>
IDL
<lang idl>socket, unit, 'localhost',256,/get_lun printf,unit,"hello socket world" close, unit</lang>
"Well-known" port numbers (under 1024 -- such as 256) can also be specified by name (in this case 'RAP').
If there is no listener on this port, this will hang for a while before timing out.
J
The sdcheck
s raise assertions if anything goes wrong:
<lang j> coinsert'jsocket' [ require 'socket' NB. Sockets library
socket =. >{.sdcheck sdsocket NB. Open a socket host =. sdcheck sdgethostbyname 'localhost' NB. Resolve host sdcheck sdconnect socket ; host ,< 256 NB. Create connection to port 256 sdcheck 'hello socket world' sdsend socket , 0 NB. Send msg</lang>
Java
<lang java>import java.io.IOException; import java.net.*; public class SocketSend {
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException { sendData("localhost", "hello socket world"); }
public static void sendData(String host, String msg) throws IOException { Socket sock = new Socket( host, 256 ); sock.getOutputStream().write(msg.getBytes()); sock.getOutputStream().flush(); sock.close(); }
}</lang>
Encapsulating the Socket
's OutputStream
in a PrintStream
(for data) or PrintWriter
(for text) may be easier in more complex programs for their auto-flush abilities, encoding management, and their overloaded print
and println
methods. The write
method from the original OutputStream
will still be available.
OCaml
<lang ocaml>open Unix
let init_socket addr port =
let inet_addr = (gethostbyname addr).h_addr_list.(0) in let sockaddr = ADDR_INET (inet_addr, port) in let sock = socket PF_INET SOCK_STREAM 0 in connect sock sockaddr; (* convert the file descriptor into high-level channels: *) let outchan = out_channel_of_descr sock in let inchan = in_channel_of_descr sock in (inchan, outchan)</lang>
<lang ocaml>let () =
let ic, oc = init_socket "localhost" 256 in output_string oc "hello socket world";
- </lang>
Oz
<lang oz>declare
Socket = {New Open.socket init}
in
{Socket connect(port:256)} {Socket write(vs:"hello socket world")} {Socket close}</lang>
Perl
<lang perl>use Socket;
$host = gethostbyname('localhost'); $in = sockaddr_in(256, $host); $proto = getprotobyname('tcp'); socket(Socket_Handle, AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, $proto); connect(Socket_Handle, $in); send(Socket_Handle, 'hello socket world', 0, $in); close(Socket_Handle);</lang>
Object oriented version. <lang perl>use Socket::Class;
$sock = Socket::Class->new(
'remote_port' => 256,
) || die Socket::Class->error; $sock->send('hello socket world'); $sock->free;</lang>
PHP
<lang PHP>$socket = fsockopen('localhost', 256); fputs($socket, 'hello socket world'); fclose($socket);</lang>
PicoLisp
<lang PicoLisp>(when (connect "localhost" 256)
(out @ (prinl "hello socket world")) (close @) )</lang>
Pike
<lang pike>import Stdio;
int main(){
object con = File(); con->connect("127.0.0.1",256); con->write("hello socket world"); con->close();
}</lang>
PureBasic
<lang Purebasic> InitNetwork() ConnectionID = OpenNetworkConnection("localhost", 256) SendNetworkString(ConnectionID, "hello socket world") CloseNetworkConnection(ConnectionID) </lang>
Python
<lang python>import socket sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.connect(("localhost", 256)) sock.sendall("hello socket world") sock.close()</lang>
Rhope
<lang rhope>Socket Send(0,0) |:
[New@Net Client["localhost",256]]Put String["hello socket world"]
- |</lang>
The connection is automatically closed when the object is freed.
Ruby
<lang ruby>require 'socket' sock = TCPSocket.open("localhost", 256) sock.write("hello socket world") sock.close</lang>
Seed7
<lang seed7>$ include "seed7_05.s7i";
include "socket.s7i";
const proc: main is func
local var file: sock is STD_NULL; begin sock := openInetSocket(256); writeln(sock, "hello socket world"); close(sock); end func;</lang>
Slate
This uses fairly verbose and low level messages. This will probably be simplified in the future.
<lang slate>[ | socket |
[ | addr stream | addr: (Net SocketAddress newOn: '127.0.0.1:256'). socket: (Net Socket newFor: addr domain type: Net Socket Types Stream protocol: Net Socket Protocols Default). socket connectTo: addr. stream: (Net SocketStream newOn: socket). stream nextPutAll: ('hello socket world' as: ByteArray). stream flush ] ensure: [socket close]
] do.</lang>
Smalltalk
This is taken from here with few modification to fit the task better.
<lang smalltalk>PackageLoader fileInPackage: 'TCP'!
Object subclass: #HelloSocket
instanceVariableNames: 'ss' classVariableNames: poolDictionaries: category: 'SimpleEcho'!
!HelloSocket class methodsFor: 'instance creation'!
port: anInteger
| ses | ses := super new. ses init: anInteger. ^ses
!!
!HelloSocket methodsFor: 'instance initialization'!
init: anInteger
ss := (TCP.ServerSocket port: anInteger). ^self
!!
!HelloSocket methodsFor: 'running'!
run
| s | [ ss waitForConnection. s := (ss accept). [self handleSocket: s] fork ] repeat
!!
!HelloSocket methodsFor: 'handling'!
handleSocket: s
| msg | msg := 'hello socket world'. msg displayOn: s. (String with: (Character value: 10)) displayOn: s. s flush
!!
Smalltalk at: #helloServer put: (HelloSocket port: 2560).
helloServer run.</lang>
Tcl
<lang tcl>set io [socket localhost 256] puts -nonewline $io "hello socket world" close $io</lang>
Toka
<lang toka>needs sockets
- ! A simple abstraction layer that makes writing trivial servers easy
value| server.socket server.connection server.action | [ ( n- ) pBind to server.socket ] is server.setSocket [ ( - ) server.socket pAccept to server.connection ] is server.acceptConnection [ ( - ) server.connection pClose drop ] is server.closeConnection [ ( $- ) >r server.connection r> string.getLength pWrite drop ] is server.send [ ( an- ) server.connection -rot pRead drop ] is server.recieve [ ( qn- ) swap to server.action server.setSocket
[ server.acceptConnection server.action invoke server.closeConnection TRUE ] whileTrue ] is server.start
- ! The actual server
[ " hello socket world" server.send ] 256 server.start</lang>
UnixPipes
<lang bash>(echo "hello socket world" | nc localhost 256 | exit 0)</lang>
UNIX Shell
Using the program netcat (nc)
<lang bash>echo "hello socket world" | netcat localhost 256</lang>