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Binary strings (view source)

Revision as of 09:06, 1 January 2022

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→‎{{header|Phix}}: added syntax colouring, marked p2js compatible
m (→‎{{header|Phix}}: added syntax colouring, marked p2js compatible)
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Strings are reference counted, and mutable with copy-on-write semantics. Memory is managed automatically and very efficiently, strings can easily be a billion characters long (on 32-bit, the precise limit is in fact 1,610,612,711 characters, available memory and performance impacts aside) and have a null terminator for C compatibility, but can contain embedded nulls as well.
Note that attempting to set an element (character/byte) to a value outside the range 0..255 will result in automatic expansion to dword-(or qword-)sequence, and can result in a run-time type check.
<!--<lang Phix>string s = "abc"(phixonline)-->
<span style="color: #008080;">with</span> <span style="color: #008080;">javascript_semantics</span>
s = x"ef bb bf" -- explicit binary string (the utf8 BOM)
<span style="color: #004080;">string</span> <span style="color: #000000;">s</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008000;">"abc"</span>
s[2] = 0
<span style="color: #000000;">s</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008000;">x"ef bb bf"</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- explicit binary string (the utf8 BOM)</span>
s[3] = 'z'
<span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">]</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">0</span>
if s="\#EF\0z" then puts(1,"ok\n") end if
<span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">3</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">]</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008000;">'z'</span>
string t = s
<span style="color: #008080;">if</span> <span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #008000;">"\#EF\0z"</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">puts</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"ok\n"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">if</span>
t[1..2] = "xy" -- s remains unaltered
<span style="color: #004080;">string</span> <span style="color: #000000;">t</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">s</span>
?t -- "xyz"
<span style="color: #000000;">t</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">..</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">]</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008000;">"xy"</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- s remains unaltered</span>
t = "food" ?t
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">t</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- "xyz"</span>
t[2..3] = 'e' ?t -- "feed"
<span style="color: #000000;">t</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008000;">"food"</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">t</span>
t[3..2] = "ast" ?t -- "feasted"
<span style="color: #000000;">t</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">..</span><span style="color: #000000;">3</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">]</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008000;">'e'</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">t</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- "feed"</span>
t[3..-2] = "" ?t -- "fed"
<span style="color: #000000;">t</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">3</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">..</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">]</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008000;">"ast"</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">t</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- "feasted"</span>
if length(t)=0 then puts(1,"t is empty\n") end if
<span style="color: #000000;">t</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">3</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">..-</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">]</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008000;">""</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">t</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- "fed"</span>
if t!="" then puts(1,"t is not empty\n") end if
<span style="color: #008080;">if</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">length</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">t</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">puts</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"t is empty\n"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">if</span>
t = "be"
<span style="color: #008080;">if</span> <span style="color: #000000;">t</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">!=</span><span style="color: #008000;">""</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">puts</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"t is not empty\n"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">if</span>
t &= 't' ?t -- bet
<span style="color: #000000;">t</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008000;">"be"</span>
t = 'a'&t ?t -- abet
<span style="color: #000000;">t</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">&=</span> <span style="color: #008000;">'t'</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">t</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- bet</span>
?t[2..3] -- be
<span style="color: #000000;">t</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008000;">'a'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">&</span><span style="color: #000000;">t</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">t</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- abet</span>
?substitute(t,"be","bbo") -- abbot
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">t</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">..</span><span style="color: #000000;">3</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">]</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- be</span>
?substitute(t,"be","dep") -- adept
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">substitute</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">t</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"be"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"bbo"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- abbot</span>
t = substitute(t,"be","dep") -- to actually modify t
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">substitute</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">t</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"be"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"dep"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- adept</span>
?join({"abc","def","ghi"}) -- "abc def ghi"
<span style="color: #000000;">t</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">substitute</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">t</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"be"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"dep"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- to actually modify t</span>
?join({"abc","def","ghi"},"") -- "abcdefghi"
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">join</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">({</span><span style="color: #008000;">"abc"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"def"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"ghi"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">})</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- "abc def ghi"</span>
?join({"abc","def","ghi"},"\n") -- "abc\ndef\nghi"</lang>
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">join</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">({</span><span style="color: #008000;">"abc"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"def"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"ghi"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">},</span><span style="color: #008000;">""</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- "abcdefghi"</span>
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">join</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">({</span><span style="color: #008000;">"abc"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"def"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"ghi"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">},</span><span style="color: #008000;">"\n"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- "abc\ndef\nghi"</span>
<!--</lang>-->
{{out}}
<pre>
Petelomax
7,820

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