Set puzzle: Difference between revisions
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[purple three squiggle solid] : 11
</pre>
=={{header|C sharp}}==
{{works with|C sharp|8}}
<lang csharp>using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using static System.Linq.Enumerable;
public static class SetPuzzle
{
static readonly Feature[] numbers = { (1, "One"), (2, "Two"), (3, "Three") };
static readonly Feature[] colors = { (1, "Red"), (2, "Green"), (3, "Purple") };
static readonly Feature[] shadings = { (1, "Open"), (2, "Striped"), (3, "Solid") };
static readonly Feature[] symbols = { (1, "Oval"), (2, "Squiggle"), (3, "Diamond") };
private readonly struct Feature
{
public Feature(int value, string name) => (Value, Name) = (value, name);
public int Value { get; }
public string Name { get; }
public static implicit operator int(Feature f) => f.Value;
public static implicit operator Feature((int value, string name) t) => new Feature(t.value, t.name);
public override string ToString() => Name;
}
private readonly struct Card : IEquatable<Card>
{
public Card(Feature number, Feature color, Feature shading, Feature symbol) =>
(Number, Color, Shading, Symbol) = (number, color, shading, symbol);
public Feature Number { get; }
public Feature Color { get; }
public Feature Shading { get; }
public Feature Symbol { get; }
public override string ToString() => $"{Number} {Color} {Shading} {Symbol}(s)";
public bool Equals(Card other) => Number == other.Number && Color == other.Color && Shading == other.Shading && Symbol == other.Symbol;
}
public static void Main() {
Card[] deck = (
from number in numbers
from color in colors
from shading in shadings
from symbol in symbols
select new Card(number, color, shading, symbol)
).ToArray();
var random = new Random();
Deal(deck, 9, 4, random);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine();
Deal(deck, 12, 6, random);
}
static void Deal(Card[] deck, int size, int target, Random random) {
List<(Card a, Card b, Card c)> sets;
do {
Shuffle(deck, random.Next);
sets = (
from i in 0.To(size - 2)
from j in (i + 1).To(size - 1)
from k in (j + 1).To(size)
select (deck[i], deck[j], deck[k])
).Where(IsSet).ToList();
} while (sets.Count != target);
Console.WriteLine("The board:");
foreach (Card card in deck.Take(size)) Console.WriteLine(card);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Sets:");
foreach (var s in sets) Console.WriteLine(s);
}
static void Shuffle<T>(T[] array, Func<int, int, int> rng) {
for (int i = 0; i < array.Length; i++) {
int r = rng(i, array.Length);
(array[r], array[i]) = (array[i], array[r]);
}
}
static bool IsSet((Card a, Card b, Card c) t) =>
AreSameOrDifferent(t.a.Number, t.b.Number, t.c.Number) &&
AreSameOrDifferent(t.a.Color, t.b.Color, t.c.Color) &&
AreSameOrDifferent(t.a.Shading, t.b.Shading, t.c.Shading) &&
AreSameOrDifferent(t.a.Symbol, t.b.Symbol, t.c.Symbol);
static bool AreSameOrDifferent(int a, int b, int c) => (a + b + c) % 3 == 0;
static IEnumerable<int> To(this int start, int end) => Range(start, end - start - 1);
}</lang>
{{out}}
<pre style="height:30ex;overflow:scroll">
The board:
Two Green Open Oval(s)
Three Green Open Diamond(s)
Two Red Open Oval(s)
One Purple Solid Oval(s)
Two Green Striped Squiggle(s)
Two Purple Open Oval(s)
Two Red Striped Squiggle(s)
Two Purple Solid Diamond(s)
Three Green Solid Diamond(s)
Sets:
(Two Green Open Oval(s), Two Red Open Oval(s), Two Purple Open Oval(s))
(Two Green Open Oval(s), Two Red Striped Squiggle(s), Two Purple Solid Diamond(s))
(Three Green Open Diamond(s), One Purple Solid Oval(s), Two Red Striped Squiggle(s))
(Two Red Open Oval(s), Two Green Striped Squiggle(s), Two Purple Solid Diamond(s))
The board:
One Purple Open Squiggle(s)
One Red Striped Diamond(s)
One Purple Solid Oval(s)
Three Purple Striped Squiggle(s)
Three Green Open Oval(s)
Two Purple Solid Squiggle(s)
One Red Open Diamond(s)
Two Purple Open Diamond(s)
Three Red Solid Diamond(s)
One Green Open Oval(s)
One Purple Solid Squiggle(s)
One Purple Solid Diamond(s)
Sets:
(One Purple Open Squiggle(s), Three Purple Striped Squiggle(s), Two Purple Solid Squiggle(s))
(One Purple Open Squiggle(s), One Red Open Diamond(s), One Green Open Oval(s))
(One Red Striped Diamond(s), Three Green Open Oval(s), Two Purple Solid Squiggle(s))
(One Red Striped Diamond(s), One Green Open Oval(s), One Purple Solid Squiggle(s))
(One Purple Solid Oval(s), Three Purple Striped Squiggle(s), Two Purple Open Diamond(s))
(Three Purple Striped Squiggle(s), Three Green Open Oval(s), Three Red Solid Diamond(s))</pre>
=={{header|Ceylon}}==
| |||
Revision as of 12:34, 24 October 2019
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
Set Puzzles are created with a deck of cards from the Set Game™. The object of the puzzle is to find sets of 3 cards in a rectangle of cards that have been dealt face up.
There are 81 cards in a deck.
Each card contains a unique variation of the following four features: color, symbol, number and shading.
- there are three colors:
red, green, purple
- there are three symbols:
oval, squiggle, diamond
- there is a number of symbols on the card:
one, two, three
- there are three shadings:
solid, open, striped
Three cards form a set if each feature is either the same on each card, or is different on each card. For instance: all 3 cards are red, all 3 cards have a different symbol, all 3 cards have a different number of symbols, all 3 cards are striped.
There are two degrees of difficulty: basic and advanced. The basic mode deals 9 cards, that contain exactly 4 sets; the advanced mode deals 12 cards that contain exactly 6 sets.
When creating sets you may use the same card more than once.
- Task
Write code that deals the cards (9 or 12, depending on selected mode) from a shuffled deck in which the total number of sets that could be found is 4 (or 6, respectively); and print the contents of the cards and the sets.
For instance:
DEALT 9 CARDS:
- green, one, oval, striped
- green, one, diamond, open
- green, one, diamond, striped
- green, one, diamond, solid
- purple, one, diamond, open
- purple, two, squiggle, open
- purple, three, oval, open
- red, three, oval, open
- red, three, diamond, solid
CONTAINING 4 SETS:
- green, one, oval, striped
- purple, two, squiggle, open
- red, three, diamond, solid
- green, one, diamond, open
- green, one, diamond, striped
- green, one, diamond, solid
- green, one, diamond, open
- purple, two, squiggle, open
- red, three, oval, open
- purple, one, diamond, open
- purple, two, squiggle, open
- purple, three, oval, open
Ada
We start with the specification of a package "Set_Puzzle.
<lang Ada>package Set_Puzzle is
type Three is range 1..3;
type Card is array(1 .. 4) of Three;
type Cards is array(Positive range <>) of Card;
type Set is array(Three) of Positive;
procedure Deal_Cards(Dealt: out Cards);
-- ouputs an array with disjoint cards
function To_String(C: Card) return String;
generic
with procedure Do_something(C: Cards; S: Set);
procedure Find_Sets(Given: Cards);
-- calls Do_Something once for each set it finds.
end Set_Puzzle;</lang>
Now we implement the package "Set_Puzzle".
<lang Ada>with Ada.Numerics.Discrete_Random;
package body Set_Puzzle is
package Rand is new Ada.Numerics.Discrete_Random(Three);
R: Rand.Generator;
function Locate(Some: Cards; C: Card) return Natural is
-- returns index of card C in Some, or 0 if not found
begin
for I in Some'Range loop
if C = Some(I) then return I; end if;
end loop;
return 0;
end Locate;
procedure Deal_Cards(Dealt: out Cards) is
function Random_Card return Card is
(Rand.Random(R), Rand.Random(R), Rand.Random(R), Rand.Random(R));
begin
for I in Dealt'Range loop
-- draw a random card until different from all card previously drawn Dealt(I) := Random_Card; -- draw random card while Locate(Dealt(Dealt'First .. I-1), Dealt(I)) /= 0 loop -- Dealt(I) has been drawn before Dealt(I) := Random_Card; -- draw another random card end loop;
end loop;
end Deal_Cards;
procedure Find_Sets(Given: Cards) is
function To_Set(A, B: Card) return Card is
-- returns the unique card C, which would make a set with A and B C: Card;
begin
for I in 1 .. 4 loop if A(I) = B(I) then C(I) := A(I); -- all three the same else C(I) := 6 - A(I) - B(I); -- all three different; end if; end loop; return C;
end To_Set;
X: Natural;
begin
for I in Given'Range loop
for J in Given'First .. I-1 loop X := Locate(Given, To_Set(Given(I), Given(J))); if I < X then -- X=0 is no set, 0 < X < I is a duplicate Do_Something(Given, (J, I, X)); end if; end loop;
end loop; end Find_Sets;
function To_String(C: Card) return String is
Col: constant array(Three) of String(1..6)
:= ("Red ", "Green ", "Purple");
Sym: constant array(Three) of String(1..8)
:= ("Oval ", "Squiggle", "Diamond ");
Num: constant array(Three) of String(1..5)
:= ("One ", "Two ", "Three");
Sha: constant array(Three) of String(1..7)
:= ("Solid ", "Open ", "Striped");
begin
return (Col(C(1)) & " " & Sym(C(2)) & " " & Num(C(3)) & " " & Sha(C(4)));
end To_String;
begin
Rand.Reset(R);
end Set_Puzzle;</lang>
Finally, we write the main program, using the above package. It reads two parameters from the command line. The first parameter describes the number of cards, the second one the number of sets. Thus, for the basic mode one has to call "puzzle 9 4", for the advanced mode "puzzle 12 6", but the program would support any other combination of parameters just as well.
<lang Ada>with Ada.Text_IO, Set_Puzzle, Ada.Command_Line;
procedure Puzzle is
package TIO renames Ada.Text_IO;
Card_Count: Positive := Positive'Value(Ada.Command_Line.Argument(1));
Required_Sets: Positive := Positive'Value(Ada.Command_Line.Argument(2));
Cards: Set_Puzzle.Cards(1 .. Card_Count);
function Cnt_Sets(C: Set_Puzzle.Cards) return Natural is
Cnt: Natural := 0;
procedure Count_Sets(C: Set_Puzzle.Cards; S: Set_Puzzle.Set) is
begin
Cnt := Cnt + 1;
end Count_Sets;
procedure CS is new Set_Puzzle.Find_Sets(Count_Sets);
begin
CS(C);
return Cnt;
end Cnt_Sets;
procedure Print_Sets(C: Set_Puzzle.Cards) is
procedure Print_A_Set(C: Set_Puzzle.Cards; S: Set_Puzzle.Set) is
begin
TIO.Put("(" & Integer'Image(S(1)) & "," & Integer'Image(S(2))
& "," & Integer'Image(S(3)) & " ) ");
end Print_A_Set;
procedure PS is new Set_Puzzle.Find_Sets(Print_A_Set);
begin
PS(C);
TIO.New_Line;
end Print_Sets;
begin
loop -- deal random cards
Set_Puzzle.Deal_Cards(Cards);
exit when Cnt_Sets(Cards) = Required_Sets;
end loop; -- until number of sets is as required
for I in Cards'Range loop -- print the cards
if I < 10 then
TIO.Put(" ");
end if;
TIO.Put_Line(Integer'Image(I) & " " & Set_Puzzle.To_String(Cards(I)));
end loop;
Print_Sets(Cards); -- print the sets
end Puzzle;</lang>
- Output:
>./puzzle 9 4 1 Red Diamond One Striped 2 Green Squiggle Two Solid 3 Red Squiggle Three Open 4 Green Squiggle Three Solid 5 Purple Oval Two Open 6 Purple Squiggle One Striped 7 Green Squiggle One Solid 8 Purple Squiggle One Solid 9 Purple Diamond Three Solid ( 2, 3, 6 ) ( 1, 4, 5 ) ( 2, 4, 7 ) ( 5, 6, 9 ) >./puzzle 12 6 1 Purple Diamond One Solid 2 Red Diamond One Striped 3 Red Oval Three Striped 4 Green Oval Two Solid 5 Red Squiggle Three Solid 6 Green Squiggle Two Solid 7 Red Squiggle Three Striped 8 Red Squiggle Three Open 9 Purple Squiggle One Striped 10 Red Diamond Two Solid 11 Red Squiggle One Open 12 Red Oval One Solid ( 1, 4, 5 ) ( 5, 7, 8 ) ( 6, 8, 9 ) ( 3, 10, 11 ) ( 5, 10, 12 ) ( 2, 11, 12 )
AutoHotkey
<lang autohotkey>; Generate deck; card encoding from Perl6 Loop, 81 deck .= ToBase(A_Index-1, 3)+1111 "," deck := RegExReplace(deck, "3", "4")
- Shuffle
deck := shuffle(deck)
msgbox % clipboard := allValidSets(9, 4, deck) msgbox % clipboard := allValidSets(12, 6, deck)
- Render a hand (or any list) of cards
PrettyHand(hand) { Color1:="red",Color2:="green",Color4:="purple" ,Symbl1:="oval",Symbl2:="squiggle",Symbl4:="diamond" ,Numbr1:="one",Numbr2:="two",Numbr4:="three" ,Shape1:="solid",Shape2:="open",Shape4:="striped" Loop, Parse, hand, `, { StringSplit, i, A_LoopField s .= "`t" Color%i1% "`t" Symbl%i2% "`t" Numbr%i3% "`t" Shape%i4% "`n" } Return s }
- Get all unique valid sets of three cards in a hand.
allValidSets(n, m, deck) { While j != m { j := 0 ,hand := draw(n, deck) ,s := "Dealt " n " cards:`n" . prettyhand(hand) StringSplit, set, hand, `, comb := comb(n,3) Loop, Parse, comb, `n { StringSplit, i, A_LoopField, %A_Space% If isValidSet(set%i1%, set%i2%, set%i3%) s .= "`nSet " ++j ":`n" . prettyhand(set%i1% "," set%i2% "," set%i3%) } } Return s }
- Convert n to arbitrary base using recursion
toBase(n,b) { ; n >= 0, 1 < b < StrLen(t), t = digits Static t := "0123456789ABCDEF" Return (n < b ? "" : ToBase(n//b,b)) . SubStr(t,mod(n,b)+1,1) }
- Knuth shuffle from http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Knuth_Shuffle#AutoHotkey
shuffle(list) { ; shuffle comma separated list, converted to array StringSplit a, list, `, ; make array (length = a0) Loop % a0-1 { Random i, A_Index, a0 ; swap item 1,2... with a random item to the right of it t := a%i%, a%i% := a%A_Index%, a%A_Index% := t } Loop % a0 ; construct string from sorted array s .= "," . a%A_Index% Return SubStr(s,2) ; drop leading comma }
- Randomly pick a hand of cards from the deck
draw(n, deck) { Loop, % n { Random, i, 1, 81 cards := deck Loop, Parse, cards, `, (A_Index = i) ? (hand .= A_LoopField ",") : (cards .= A_LoopField ",") deck := cards } Return SubStr(hand, 1, -1) }
- Test if a particular group of three cards is a valid set
isValidSet(a, b, c) { StringSplit, a, a StringSplit, b, b StringSplit, c, c Return !((a1|b1|c1 ~= "[3,5,6]") + (a2|b2|c2 ~= "[3,5,6]") + (a3|b3|c3 ~= "[3,5,6]") + (a4|b4|c4 ~= "[3,5,6]")) }
- Get all combinations, from http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Combinations#AutoHotkey
comb(n,t) { ; Generate all n choose t combinations of 1..n, lexicographically IfLess n,%t%, Return Loop %t% c%A_Index% := A_Index i := t+1, c%i% := n+1
Loop { Loop %t% i := t+1-A_Index, c .= c%i% " " c .= "`n" ; combinations in new lines j := 1, i := 2 Loop If (c%j%+1 = c%i%) c%j% := j, ++j, ++i Else Break If (j > t) Return c c%j% += 1 } }</lang>
- Sample output:
Dealt 9 cards: purple diamond three striped green diamond two open green oval one striped red oval two solid purple squiggle two striped red diamond three open red diamond three open green oval one solid red oval two solid Set 1: purple squiggle two striped red oval two solid green diamond two open Set 2: green oval one solid red diamond three open purple squiggle two striped Set 3: green oval one solid red diamond three open purple squiggle two striped Set 4: red oval two solid purple squiggle two striped green diamond two open Dealt 12 cards: purple oval two open purple diamond three solid green squiggle three striped green squiggle one solid purple squiggle one striped purple squiggle one solid green diamond two solid purple squiggle one striped red diamond two striped green diamond one open green oval one open red squiggle one open Set 1: purple squiggle one striped purple diamond three solid purple oval two open Set 2: purple squiggle one striped purple diamond three solid purple oval two open Set 3: green diamond one open red diamond two striped purple diamond three solid Set 4: green oval one open green diamond two solid green squiggle three striped Set 5: red squiggle one open purple squiggle one striped green squiggle one solid Set 6: red squiggle one open purple squiggle one striped green squiggle one solid
C
Brute force. Each card is a unique number in the range of [0,81]. Randomly deal a hand of cards until exactly the required number of sets are found. <lang c>#include <stdio.h>
- include <stdlib.h>
char *names[4][3] = { { "red", "green", "purple" }, { "oval", "squiggle", "diamond" }, { "one", "two", "three" }, { "solid", "open", "striped" } };
int set[81][81];
void init_sets(void) { int i, j, t, a, b; for (i = 0; i < 81; i++) { for (j = 0; j < 81; j++) { for (t = 27; t; t /= 3) { a = (i / t) % 3; b = (j / t) % 3; set[i][j] += t * (a == b ? a : 3 - a - b); } } } }
void deal(int *out, int n) { int i, j, t, c[81]; for (i = 0; i < 81; i++) c[i] = i; for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { j = i + (rand() % (81 - i)); t = c[i], c[i] = out[i] = c[j], c[j] = t; } }
int get_sets(int *cards, int n, int sets[][3]) { int i, j, k, s = 0; for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (j = i + 1; j < n; j++) { for (k = j + 1; k < n; k++) { if (set[cards[i]][cards[j]] == cards[k]) sets[s][0] = i, sets[s][1] = j, sets[s][2] = k, s++; } } }
return s; }
void show_card(int c) { int i, t; for (i = 0, t = 27; t; i++, t /= 3) printf("%9s", names[i][(c/t)%3]); putchar('\n'); }
void deal_sets(int ncard, int nset) { int c[81]; int csets[81][3]; // might not be enough for large ncard int i, j, s;
do deal(c, ncard); while ((s = get_sets(c, ncard, csets)) != nset);
printf("dealt %d cards\n", ncard); for (i = 0; i < ncard; i++) { printf("%2d:", i); show_card(c[i]); } printf("\nsets:\n");
for (i = 0; i < s; i++) { for (j = 0; j < 3; j++) { printf("%2d:", csets[i][j]); show_card(c[csets[i][j]]); } putchar('\n'); } }
int main(void) { init_sets(); deal_sets(9, 4);
while (1) deal_sets(12, 6);
return 0; }</lang>
C++
<lang cpp>
- include <time.h>
- include <algorithm>
- include <iostream>
- include <iomanip>
- include <vector>
- include <string>
enum color {
red, green, purple
}; enum symbol {
oval, squiggle, diamond
}; enum number {
one, two, three
}; enum shading {
solid, open, striped
}; class card { public:
card( color c, symbol s, number n, shading h ) {
clr = c; smb = s; nbr = n; shd = h;
}
color getColor() {
return clr;
}
symbol getSymbol() {
return smb;
}
number getNumber() {
return nbr;
}
shading getShading() {
return shd;
}
std::string toString() {
std::string str = "[";
str += clr == red ? "red " : clr == green ? "green " : "purple ";
str += nbr == one ? "one " : nbr == two ? "two " : "three ";
str += smb == oval ? "oval " : smb == squiggle ? "squiggle " : "diamond ";
str += shd == solid ? "solid" : shd == open ? "open" : "striped";
return str + "]";
}
private:
color clr; symbol smb; number nbr; shading shd;
}; typedef struct {
std::vector<size_t> index;
} set; class setPuzzle { public:
setPuzzle() {
for( size_t c = red; c <= purple; c++ ) {
for( size_t s = oval; s <= diamond; s++ ) {
for( size_t n = one; n <= three; n++ ) {
for( size_t h = solid; h <= striped; h++ ) {
card crd( static_cast<color> ( c ),
static_cast<symbol> ( s ),
static_cast<number> ( n ),
static_cast<shading>( h ) );
_cards.push_back( crd );
}
}
}
}
}
void create( size_t countCards, size_t countSets, std::vector<card>& cards, std::vector<set>& sets ) {
while( true ) {
sets.clear();
cards.clear();
std::random_shuffle( _cards.begin(), _cards.end() );
for( size_t f = 0; f < countCards; f++ ) {
cards.push_back( _cards.at( f ) );
}
for( size_t c1 = 0; c1 < cards.size() - 2; c1++ ) {
for( size_t c2 = c1 + 1; c2 < cards.size() - 1; c2++ ) {
for( size_t c3 = c2 + 1; c3 < cards.size(); c3++ ) {
if( testSet( &cards.at( c1 ), &cards.at( c2 ), &cards.at( c3 ) ) ) {
set s;
s.index.push_back( c1 ); s.index.push_back( c2 ); s.index.push_back( c3 );
sets.push_back( s );
}
}
}
}
if( sets.size() == countSets ) return;
}
}
private:
bool testSet( card* c1, card* c2, card* c3 ) {
int
c = ( c1->getColor() + c2->getColor() + c3->getColor() ) % 3,
s = ( c1->getSymbol() + c2->getSymbol() + c3->getSymbol() ) % 3,
n = ( c1->getNumber() + c2->getNumber() + c3->getNumber() ) % 3,
h = ( c1->getShading() + c2->getShading() + c3->getShading() ) % 3;
return !( c + s + n + h );
}
std::vector<card> _cards;
}; void displayCardsSets( std::vector<card>& cards, std::vector<set>& sets ) {
size_t cnt = 1;
std::cout << " ** DEALT " << cards.size() << " CARDS: **\n";
for( std::vector<card>::iterator i = cards.begin(); i != cards.end(); i++ ) {
std::cout << std::setw( 2 ) << cnt++ << ": " << ( *i ).toString() << "\n";
}
std::cout << "\n ** CONTAINING " << sets.size() << " SETS: **\n";
for( std::vector<set>::iterator i = sets.begin(); i != sets.end(); i++ ) {
for( size_t j = 0; j < ( *i ).index.size(); j++ ) {
std::cout << " " << std::setiosflags( std::ios::left ) << std::setw( 34 )
<< cards.at( ( *i ).index.at( j ) ).toString() << " : "
<< std::resetiosflags( std::ios::left ) << std::setw( 2 ) << ( *i ).index.at( j ) + 1 << "\n";
}
std::cout << "\n";
}
std::cout << "\n\n";
} int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) {
srand( static_cast<unsigned>( time( NULL ) ) ); setPuzzle p; std::vector<card> v9, v12; std::vector<set> s4, s6; p.create( 9, 4, v9, s4 ); p.create( 12, 6, v12, s6 ); displayCardsSets( v9, s4 ); displayCardsSets( v12, s6 ); return 0;
} </lang>
- Output:
** DEALT 9 CARDS: ** 1: [red three squiggle solid] 2: [purple three squiggle solid] 3: [red two diamond open] 4: [purple three oval striped] 5: [green one squiggle solid] 6: [green two diamond open] 7: [red one oval striped] 8: [green one diamond striped] 9: [purple one diamond open] ** CONTAINING 4 SETS: ** [red three squiggle solid] : 1 [red two diamond open] : 3 [red one oval striped] : 7 [purple three squiggle solid] : 2 [green two diamond open] : 6 [red one oval striped] : 7 [red two diamond open] : 3 [purple three oval striped] : 4 [green one squiggle solid] : 5 [green one squiggle solid] : 5 [red one oval striped] : 7 [purple one diamond open] : 9 ** DEALT 12 CARDS: ** 1: [green one diamond striped] 2: [red two squiggle solid] 3: [red three oval striped] 4: [red two diamond open] 5: [green three squiggle striped] 6: [red three squiggle striped] 7: [green two squiggle solid] 8: [purple two squiggle striped] 9: [purple one squiggle open] 10: [green one squiggle striped] 11: [purple three squiggle solid] 12: [red three squiggle open] ** CONTAINING 6 SETS: ** [green one diamond striped] : 1 [red three oval striped] : 3 [purple two squiggle striped] : 8 [red two squiggle solid] : 2 [green three squiggle striped] : 5 [purple one squiggle open] : 9 [green three squiggle striped] : 5 [purple three squiggle solid] : 11 [red three squiggle open] : 12 [red three squiggle striped] : 6 [green two squiggle solid] : 7 [purple one squiggle open] : 9 [red three squiggle striped] : 6 [purple two squiggle striped] : 8 [green one squiggle striped] : 10 [purple two squiggle striped] : 8 [purple one squiggle open] : 9 [purple three squiggle solid] : 11
C#
<lang csharp>using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using static System.Linq.Enumerable;
public static class SetPuzzle {
static readonly Feature[] numbers = { (1, "One"), (2, "Two"), (3, "Three") };
static readonly Feature[] colors = { (1, "Red"), (2, "Green"), (3, "Purple") };
static readonly Feature[] shadings = { (1, "Open"), (2, "Striped"), (3, "Solid") };
static readonly Feature[] symbols = { (1, "Oval"), (2, "Squiggle"), (3, "Diamond") };
private readonly struct Feature
{
public Feature(int value, string name) => (Value, Name) = (value, name);
public int Value { get; }
public string Name { get; }
public static implicit operator int(Feature f) => f.Value;
public static implicit operator Feature((int value, string name) t) => new Feature(t.value, t.name);
public override string ToString() => Name;
}
private readonly struct Card : IEquatable<Card>
{
public Card(Feature number, Feature color, Feature shading, Feature symbol) =>
(Number, Color, Shading, Symbol) = (number, color, shading, symbol);
public Feature Number { get; }
public Feature Color { get; }
public Feature Shading { get; }
public Feature Symbol { get; }
public override string ToString() => $"{Number} {Color} {Shading} {Symbol}(s)";
public bool Equals(Card other) => Number == other.Number && Color == other.Color && Shading == other.Shading && Symbol == other.Symbol;
}
public static void Main() {
Card[] deck = (
from number in numbers
from color in colors
from shading in shadings
from symbol in symbols
select new Card(number, color, shading, symbol)
).ToArray();
var random = new Random();
Deal(deck, 9, 4, random);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine();
Deal(deck, 12, 6, random);
}
static void Deal(Card[] deck, int size, int target, Random random) {
List<(Card a, Card b, Card c)> sets;
do {
Shuffle(deck, random.Next);
sets = (
from i in 0.To(size - 2)
from j in (i + 1).To(size - 1)
from k in (j + 1).To(size)
select (deck[i], deck[j], deck[k])
).Where(IsSet).ToList();
} while (sets.Count != target);
Console.WriteLine("The board:");
foreach (Card card in deck.Take(size)) Console.WriteLine(card);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Sets:");
foreach (var s in sets) Console.WriteLine(s);
}
static void Shuffle<T>(T[] array, Func<int, int, int> rng) {
for (int i = 0; i < array.Length; i++) {
int r = rng(i, array.Length);
(array[r], array[i]) = (array[i], array[r]);
}
}
static bool IsSet((Card a, Card b, Card c) t) =>
AreSameOrDifferent(t.a.Number, t.b.Number, t.c.Number) &&
AreSameOrDifferent(t.a.Color, t.b.Color, t.c.Color) &&
AreSameOrDifferent(t.a.Shading, t.b.Shading, t.c.Shading) &&
AreSameOrDifferent(t.a.Symbol, t.b.Symbol, t.c.Symbol);
static bool AreSameOrDifferent(int a, int b, int c) => (a + b + c) % 3 == 0; static IEnumerable<int> To(this int start, int end) => Range(start, end - start - 1);
}</lang>
- Output:
The board: Two Green Open Oval(s) Three Green Open Diamond(s) Two Red Open Oval(s) One Purple Solid Oval(s) Two Green Striped Squiggle(s) Two Purple Open Oval(s) Two Red Striped Squiggle(s) Two Purple Solid Diamond(s) Three Green Solid Diamond(s) Sets: (Two Green Open Oval(s), Two Red Open Oval(s), Two Purple Open Oval(s)) (Two Green Open Oval(s), Two Red Striped Squiggle(s), Two Purple Solid Diamond(s)) (Three Green Open Diamond(s), One Purple Solid Oval(s), Two Red Striped Squiggle(s)) (Two Red Open Oval(s), Two Green Striped Squiggle(s), Two Purple Solid Diamond(s)) The board: One Purple Open Squiggle(s) One Red Striped Diamond(s) One Purple Solid Oval(s) Three Purple Striped Squiggle(s) Three Green Open Oval(s) Two Purple Solid Squiggle(s) One Red Open Diamond(s) Two Purple Open Diamond(s) Three Red Solid Diamond(s) One Green Open Oval(s) One Purple Solid Squiggle(s) One Purple Solid Diamond(s) Sets: (One Purple Open Squiggle(s), Three Purple Striped Squiggle(s), Two Purple Solid Squiggle(s)) (One Purple Open Squiggle(s), One Red Open Diamond(s), One Green Open Oval(s)) (One Red Striped Diamond(s), Three Green Open Oval(s), Two Purple Solid Squiggle(s)) (One Red Striped Diamond(s), One Green Open Oval(s), One Purple Solid Squiggle(s)) (One Purple Solid Oval(s), Three Purple Striped Squiggle(s), Two Purple Open Diamond(s)) (Three Purple Striped Squiggle(s), Three Green Open Oval(s), Three Red Solid Diamond(s))
Ceylon
Add import ceylon.random "1.3.3" to your module.ceylon file <lang ceylon>import ceylon.random {
Random, DefaultRandom
}
abstract class Feature() of Color | Symbol | NumberOfSymbols | Shading {}
abstract class Color()
of red | green | purple
extends Feature() {}
object red extends Color() {
string => "red";
} object green extends Color() {
string => "green";
} object purple extends Color() {
string => "purple";
}
abstract class Symbol()
of oval | squiggle | diamond
extends Feature() {}
object oval extends Symbol() {
string => "oval";
} object squiggle extends Symbol() {
string => "squiggle";
} object diamond extends Symbol() {
string => "diamond";
}
abstract class NumberOfSymbols()
of one | two | three
extends Feature() {}
object one extends NumberOfSymbols() {
string => "one";
} object two extends NumberOfSymbols() {
string => "two";
} object three extends NumberOfSymbols() {
string => "three";
}
abstract class Shading()
of solid | open | striped
extends Feature() {}
object solid extends Shading() {
string => "solid";
} object open extends Shading() {
string => "open";
} object striped extends Shading() {
string => "striped";
}
class Card(color, symbol, number, shading) {
shared Color color; shared Symbol symbol; shared NumberOfSymbols number; shared Shading shading;
value plural => number == one then "" else "s"; string => "``number`` ``shading`` ``color`` ``symbol````plural``";
}
{Card*} deck = {
for(color in `Color`.caseValues) for(symbol in `Symbol`.caseValues) for(number in `NumberOfSymbols`.caseValues) for(shading in `Shading`.caseValues) Card(color, symbol, number, shading)
};
alias CardSet => [Card+];
Boolean validSet(CardSet cards) {
function allOrOne({Feature*} features) =>
let(uniques = features.distinct.size)
uniques == 3 || uniques == 1;
return allOrOne(cards*.color) &&
allOrOne(cards*.number) &&
allOrOne(cards*.shading) &&
allOrOne(cards*.symbol);
}
{CardSet*} findSets(Card* cards) =>
cards
.sequence()
.combinations(3)
.filter(validSet);
Random random = DefaultRandom();
class Mode of basic | advanced {
shared Integer numberOfCards; shared Integer numberOfSets;
shared new basic {
numberOfCards = 9;
numberOfSets = 4;
}
shared new advanced {
numberOfCards = 12;
numberOfSets = 6;
}
}
[{Card*}, {CardSet*}] deal(Mode mode) {
value randomStream = random.elements(deck);
while(true) {
value cards = randomStream.distinct.take(mode.numberOfCards).sequence();
value sets = findSets(*cards);
if(sets.size == mode.numberOfSets) {
return [cards, sets];
}
}
}
shared void run() {
value [cards, sets] = deal(Mode.basic);
print("The cards dealt are:
");
cards.each(print);
print("
Containing the sets:
");
for(cardSet in sets) {
cardSet.each(print);
print("");
}
}</lang>
D
Basic Version
<lang d>import std.stdio, std.random, std.array, std.conv, std.traits,
std.exception, std.range, std.algorithm;
const class SetDealer {
protected {
enum Color: ubyte {green, purple, red}
enum Number: ubyte {one, two, three}
enum Symbol: ubyte {oval, diamond, squiggle}
enum Fill: ubyte {open, striped, solid}
static struct Card {
Color c;
Number n;
Symbol s;
Fill f;
}
static immutable Card[81] deck; }
static this() pure nothrow @safe {
immutable colors = [EnumMembers!Color];
immutable numbers = [EnumMembers!Number];
immutable symbols = [EnumMembers!Symbol];
immutable fill = [EnumMembers!Fill];
deck = deck.length.iota.map!(i => Card(colors[i / 27],
numbers[(i / 9) % 3],
symbols[(i / 3) % 3],
fill[i % 3])).array;
}
// randomSample produces a sorted output that's convenient in our
// case because we're printing to stout. Normally you would want
// to shuffle.
immutable(Card)[] deal(in uint numCards) const {
enforce(numCards < deck.length, "Number of cards too large");
return deck[].randomSample(numCards).array;
}
// The summed enums of valid sets are always zero or a multiple
// of 3.
bool validSet(in ref Card c1, in ref Card c2, in ref Card c3)
const pure nothrow @safe @nogc {
return !((c1.c + c2.c + c3.c) % 3 ||
(c1.n + c2.n + c3.n) % 3 ||
(c1.s + c2.s + c3.s) % 3 ||
(c1.f + c2.f + c3.f) % 3);
}
immutable(Card)[3][] findSets(in Card[] cards, in uint target = 0)
const pure nothrow @safe {
immutable len = cards.length;
if (len < 3)
return null;
typeof(return) sets;
foreach (immutable i; 0 .. len - 2)
foreach (immutable j; i + 1 .. len - 1)
foreach (immutable k; j + 1 .. len)
if (validSet(cards[i], cards[j], cards[k])) {
sets ~= [cards[i], cards[j], cards[k]];
if (target != 0 && sets.length > target)
return null;
}
return sets;
}
}
const final class SetPuzzleDealer : SetDealer {
enum {basic = 9, advanced = 12}
override immutable(Card)[] deal(in uint numCards = basic) const {
immutable numSets = numCards / 2;
typeof(return) cards;
do {
cards = super.deal(numCards);
} while (findSets(cards, numSets).length != numSets);
return cards; }
}
void main() {
const dealer = new SetPuzzleDealer; const cards = dealer.deal;
writefln("DEALT %d CARDS:", cards.length);
writefln("%(%s\n%)", cards);
immutable sets = dealer.findSets(cards);
immutable len = sets.length;
writefln("\nFOUND %d SET%s:", len, len == 1 ? "" : "S");
writefln("%(%(%s\n%)\n\n%)", sets);
}</lang>
- Sample output:
DEALT 9 CARDS: immutable(Card)(green, one, diamond, open) immutable(Card)(green, two, diamond, open) immutable(Card)(purple, one, diamond, striped) immutable(Card)(purple, one, diamond, solid) immutable(Card)(purple, two, squiggle, solid) immutable(Card)(purple, three, oval, open) immutable(Card)(red, one, diamond, solid) immutable(Card)(red, one, squiggle, open) immutable(Card)(red, three, oval, striped) FOUND 4 SETS: immutable(Card)(green, one, diamond, open) immutable(Card)(purple, one, diamond, striped) immutable(Card)(red, one, diamond, solid) immutable(Card)(green, one, diamond, open) immutable(Card)(purple, two, squiggle, solid) immutable(Card)(red, three, oval, striped) immutable(Card)(green, two, diamond, open) immutable(Card)(purple, three, oval, open) immutable(Card)(red, one, squiggle, open) immutable(Card)(purple, one, diamond, striped) immutable(Card)(purple, two, squiggle, solid) immutable(Card)(purple, three, oval, open)
Short Version
This requires the third solution module of the Combinations Task. <lang d>void main() {
import std.stdio, std.algorithm, std.range, std.random, combinations3;
enum nDraw = 9, nGoal = nDraw / 2;
auto deck = cartesianProduct("red green purple".split,
"one two three".split,
"oval squiggle diamond".split,
"solid open striped".split).array;
retry:
auto draw = deck.randomSample(nDraw).map!(t => [t[]]).array;
const sets = draw.combinations(3).filter!(cs => cs.dup
.transposed.all!(t => t.array.sort().uniq.count % 2)).array;
if (sets.length != nGoal)
goto retry;
writefln("Dealt %d cards:\n%(%-(%8s %)\n%)\n", draw.length, draw);
writefln("Containing:\n%(%(%-(%8s %)\n%)\n\n%)", sets);
}</lang>
- Output:
Dealt 9 cards:
purple one oval solid
red three squiggle solid
purple three diamond solid
green one squiggle open
green two squiggle open
red two oval striped
purple one squiggle striped
purple two squiggle striped
green three diamond striped
Containing:
purple three diamond solid
green one squiggle open
red two oval striped
red three squiggle solid
green two squiggle open
purple one squiggle striped
red three squiggle solid
green one squiggle open
purple two squiggle striped
red two oval striped
purple one squiggle striped
green three diamond striped
EchoLisp
<lang scheme> (require 'list)
- a card is a vector [id color number symb shading], 0 <= id < 81
(define (make-deck (id -1)) (for*/vector( [ color '(red green purple)] [ number '(one two three)] [ symb '( oval squiggle diamond)] [ shading '(solid open striped)]) (++ id) (vector id color number symb shading))) (define DECK (make-deck))
- pre-generate 531441 ordered triples, among which 6561 are winners
(define TRIPLES (make-vector (* 81 81 81))) (define (make-triples )
(for* ((i 81)(j 81)(k 81))
(vector-set! TRIPLES (+ i (* 81 j) (* 6561 k)) (check-set [DECK i] [DECK j] [DECK k]))))
- a deal is a list of cards id's.
(define (show-deal deal)
(for ((card deal)) (writeln [DECK card]))
(for ((set (combinations deal 3)))
(when
(check-set [DECK (first set)] [DECK (second set)][DECK (third set)])
(writeln 'winner set))))
- rules of game here
(define (check-set cards: a b c) (for ((i (in-range 1 5))) ;; each feature #:continue (and (= [a i] [b i]) (= [a i] [c i])) #:continue (and (!= [a i] [b i]) (!= [a i] [c i]) (!= [b i][c i])) #:break #t => #f ))
- sets = list of triples (card-id card-id card-id)
(define (count-sets sets ) (for/sum ((s sets))
(if [TRIPLES ( + (first s) (* 81 (second s)) (* 6561 (third s)))] 1 0)))
- task
(make-triples)
(define (play (n 9) (cmax 4) (sets) (deal)) (while #t (set! deal (take (shuffle (iota 81)) n)) (set! sets (combinations deal 3)) #:break (= (count-sets sets) cmax) => (show-deal deal) ))
</lang>
- Output:
(play) ;; The 9-4 game by default #( 13 red two squiggle open) #( 54 purple one oval solid) #( 2 red one oval striped) #( 15 red two diamond solid) #( 53 green three diamond striped) #( 48 green three squiggle solid) #( 41 green two squiggle striped) #( 66 purple two squiggle solid) #( 64 purple two oval open) winner (13 54 53) winner (13 41 66) winner (54 15 48) winner (15 41 64) ;; 10 deals (play 12 6) #( 43 green two diamond open) #( 16 red two diamond open) #( 79 purple three diamond open) #( 63 purple two oval solid) #( 60 purple one diamond solid) #( 75 purple three squiggle solid) #( 64 purple two oval open) #( 71 purple two diamond striped) #( 67 purple two squiggle open) #( 34 green one diamond open) #( 59 purple one squiggle striped) #( 54 purple one oval solid) winner (16 79 34) winner (79 63 59) winner (79 60 71) winner (63 60 75) winner (63 71 67) winner (75 67 59) ;; 31 deals ;; the (9 6) game is more difficult #( 11 red two oval striped) #( 9 red two oval solid) #( 26 red three diamond striped) #( 5 red one squiggle striped) #( 60 purple one diamond solid) #( 43 green two diamond open) #( 10 red two oval open) #( 67 purple two squiggle open) #( 48 green three squiggle solid) winner (11 9 10) winner (11 26 5) winner (9 60 48) winner (26 60 43) winner (5 67 48) winner (43 10 67) ;; 17200 deals
Elixir
<lang elixir>defmodule RC do
def set_puzzle(deal, goal) do
{puzzle, sets} = get_puzzle_and_answer(deal, goal, produce_deck)
IO.puts "Dealt #{length(puzzle)} cards:"
print_cards(puzzle)
IO.puts "Containing #{length(sets)} sets:"
Enum.each(sets, fn set -> print_cards(set) end)
end
defp get_puzzle_and_answer(hand_size, num_sets_goal, deck) do
hand = Enum.take_random(deck, hand_size)
sets = get_all_sets(hand)
if length(sets) == num_sets_goal do
{hand, sets}
else
get_puzzle_and_answer(hand_size, num_sets_goal, deck)
end
end
defp get_all_sets(hand) do
Enum.filter(comb(hand, 3), fn candidate ->
List.flatten(candidate)
|> Enum.group_by(&(&1))
|> Map.values
|> Enum.all?(fn v -> length(v) != 2 end)
end)
end
defp print_cards(cards) do
Enum.each(cards, fn card ->
:io.format " ~-8s ~-8s ~-8s ~-8s~n", card
end)
IO.puts ""
end
@colors ~w(red green purple)a
@symbols ~w(oval squiggle diamond)a
@numbers ~w(one two three)a
@shadings ~w(solid open striped)a
defp produce_deck do
for color <- @colors, symbol <- @symbols, number <- @numbers, shading <- @shadings,
do: [color, symbol, number, shading]
end
defp comb(_, 0), do: [[]]
defp comb([], _), do: []
defp comb([h|t], m) do
(for l <- comb(t, m-1), do: [h|l]) ++ comb(t, m)
end
end
RC.set_puzzle(9, 4) RC.set_puzzle(12, 6)</lang>
- Output:
Dealt 9 cards: green oval one open red oval one open red oval two open green diamond two striped green diamond three open green diamond one open purple squiggle one open red oval three solid red oval three open Containing 4 sets: red oval one open red oval two open red oval three open red oval one open green diamond one open purple squiggle one open red oval two open green diamond three open purple squiggle one open green diamond two striped purple squiggle one open red oval three solid Dealt 12 cards: purple oval one open purple diamond two open red oval three striped purple diamond three striped purple oval one solid red oval two open green diamond three open green squiggle one solid green oval three striped red diamond two solid red diamond one solid green squiggle three striped Containing 6 sets: purple oval one open red diamond two solid green squiggle three striped purple diamond two open red oval three striped green squiggle one solid red oval three striped purple diamond three striped green squiggle three striped purple diamond three striped red oval two open green squiggle one solid purple oval one solid red oval two open green oval three striped purple oval one solid green squiggle one solid red diamond one solid
Erlang
Until a better solution is found this is one. <lang Erlang> -module( set ).
-export( [deck/0, is_set/3, shuffle_deck/1, task/0] ).
-record( card, {number, symbol, shading, colour} ).
deck() -> [#card{number=N, symbol=Sy, shading=Sh, colour=C} || N <- [1,2,3], Sy <- [diamond, squiggle, oval], Sh <- [solid, striped, open], C <- [red, green, purple]].
is_set( Card1, Card2, Card3 ) ->
is_colour_correct( Card1, Card2, Card3 )
andalso is_number_correct( Card1, Card2, Card3 )
andalso is_shading_correct( Card1, Card2, Card3 )
andalso is_symbol_correct( Card1, Card2, Card3 ).
shuffle_deck( Deck ) -> knuth_shuffle:list( Deck ).
task() ->
basic(), advanced().
advanced() -> common( 6, 12 ).
basic() -> common( 4, 9 ).
common( X, Y ) ->
{Sets, Cards} = find_x_sets_in_y_cards( X, Y, deck() ),
io:fwrite( "Cards ~p~n", [Cards] ),
io:fwrite( "Gives sets:~n" ),
[io:fwrite( "~p~n", [S] ) || S <- Sets].
find_x_sets_in_y_cards( X, Y, Deck ) ->
{Cards, _T} = lists:split( Y, shuffle_deck(Deck) ),
find_x_sets_in_y_cards( X, Y, Cards, make_sets1(Cards, []) ).
find_x_sets_in_y_cards( X, _Y, _Deck, Cards, Sets ) when erlang:length(Sets) =:= X -> {Sets, Cards}; find_x_sets_in_y_cards( X, Y, Deck, _Cards, _Sets ) -> find_x_sets_in_y_cards( X, Y, Deck ).
is_colour_correct( Card1, Card2, Card3 ) -> is_colour_different( Card1, Card2, Card3 ) orelse is_colour_same( Card1, Card2, Card3 ).
is_colour_different( #card{colour=C1}, #card{colour=C2}, #card{colour=C3} ) when C1 =/= C2, C1 =/= C3, C2 =/= C3 -> true; is_colour_different( _Card1, _Card2, _Card3 ) -> false.
is_colour_same( #card{colour=C}, #card{colour=C}, #card{colour=C} ) -> true; is_colour_same( _Card1, _Card2, _Card3 ) -> false.
is_number_correct( Card1, Card2, Card3 ) -> is_number_different( Card1, Card2, Card3 ) orelse is_number_same( Card1, Card2, Card3 ).
is_number_different( #card{number=N1}, #card{number=N2}, #card{number=N3} ) when N1 =/= N2, N1 =/= N3, N2 =/= N3 -> true; is_number_different( _Card1, _Card2, _Card3 ) -> false.
is_number_same( #card{number=N}, #card{number=N}, #card{number=N} ) -> true; is_number_same( _Card1, _Card2, _Card3 ) -> false.
is_shading_correct( Card1, Card2, Card3 ) -> is_shading_different( Card1, Card2, Card3 ) orelse is_shading_same( Card1, Card2, Card3 ).
is_shading_different( #card{shading=S1}, #card{shading=S2}, #card{shading=S3} ) when S1 =/= S2, S1 =/= S3, S2 =/= S3 -> true; is_shading_different( _Card1, _Card2, _Card3 ) -> false.
is_shading_same( #card{shading=S}, #card{shading=S}, #card{shading=S} ) -> true; is_shading_same( _Card1, _Card2, _Card3 ) -> false.
is_symbol_correct( Card1, Card2, Card3 ) -> is_symbol_different( Card1, Card2, Card3 ) orelse is_symbol_same( Card1, Card2, Card3 ).
is_symbol_different( #card{symbol=S1}, #card{symbol=S2}, #card{symbol=S3} ) when S1 =/= S2, S1 =/= S3, S2 =/= S3 -> true; is_symbol_different( _Card1, _Card2, _Card3 ) -> false.
is_symbol_same( #card{symbol=S}, #card{symbol=S}, #card{symbol=S} ) -> true; is_symbol_same( _Card1, _Card2, _Card3 ) -> false. %% Nested loops 1, 2 and 3 make_sets1( [_Second_to_last, _Last], Sets ) -> Sets; make_sets1( [Card | T], Sets ) -> make_sets1( T, make_sets2(Card, T, Sets) ).
make_sets2( _Card, [_Last], Sets ) -> Sets; make_sets2( Card1, [Card2 | T], Sets ) -> make_sets2( Card1, T, make_sets3( Card1, Card2, T, Sets) ).
make_sets3( _Card1, _Card2, [], Sets ) -> Sets; make_sets3( Card1, Card2, [Card3 | T], Sets ) ->
make_sets3( Card1, Card2, T, make_sets_acc(is_set(Card1, Card2, Card3), {Card1, Card2, Card3}, Sets) ).
make_sets_acc( true, Set, Sets ) -> [Set | Sets]; make_sets_acc( false, _Set, Sets ) -> Sets. </lang>
- Output:
53> set:task().
Cards [{card,2,diamond,striped,purple},
{card,3,squiggle,solid,purple},
{card,2,squiggle,open,red},
{card,3,oval,solid,purple},
{card,1,diamond,striped,green},
{card,1,oval,open,purple},
{card,3,squiggle,striped,purple},
{card,2,diamond,solid,purple},
{card,1,oval,striped,purple}]
Gives sets:
{{card,1,oval,open,purple},
{card,3,squiggle,striped,purple},
{card,2,diamond,solid,purple}}
{{card,2,squiggle,open,red},
{card,3,oval,solid,purple},
{card,1,diamond,striped,green}}
{{card,2,diamond,striped,purple},
{card,3,squiggle,striped,purple},
{card,1,oval,striped,purple}}
{{card,2,diamond,striped,purple},
{card,3,squiggle,solid,purple},
{card,1,oval,open,purple}}
Cards [{card,1,diamond,striped,purple},
{card,3,diamond,solid,purple},
{card,2,diamond,solid,green},
{card,1,diamond,open,green},
{card,3,oval,striped,red},
{card,3,squiggle,striped,red},
{card,2,oval,solid,purple},
{card,1,squiggle,open,green},
{card,3,diamond,solid,green},
{card,2,diamond,striped,red},
{card,2,squiggle,solid,purple},
{card,3,oval,open,purple}]
Gives sets:
{{card,3,squiggle,striped,red},
{card,3,diamond,solid,green},
{card,3,oval,open,purple}}
{{card,3,squiggle,striped,red},
{card,1,squiggle,open,green},
{card,2,squiggle,solid,purple}}
{{card,1,diamond,open,green},
{card,3,squiggle,striped,red},
{card,2,oval,solid,purple}}
{{card,1,diamond,open,green},
{card,3,oval,striped,red},
{card,2,squiggle,solid,purple}}
{{card,3,diamond,solid,purple},
{card,1,diamond,open,green},
{card,2,diamond,striped,red}}
{{card,1,diamond,striped,purple},
{card,2,squiggle,solid,purple},
{card,3,oval,open,purple}}
F#
<lang fsharp>open System
type Number = One | Two | Three type Color = Red | Green | Purple type Fill = Solid | Open | Striped type Symbol = Oval | Squiggle | Diamond
type Card = { Number: Number; Color: Color; Fill: Fill; Symbol: Symbol }
// A 'Set' is 3 cards in which each individual feature is either all the SAME on each card, OR all DIFFERENT on each card. let SetSize = 3
type CardsGenerator() =
let _rand = Random()
let shuffleInPlace data =
Array.sortInPlaceBy (fun _ -> (_rand.Next(0, Array.length data))) data
let createCards() =
[| for n in [One; Two; Three] do
for c in [Red; Green; Purple] do
for f in [Solid; Open; Striped] do
for s in [Oval; Squiggle; Diamond] do
yield { Number = n; Color = c; Fill = f; Symbol = s } |]
let _cards = createCards()
member x.GetHand cardCount =
shuffleInPlace _cards
Seq.take cardCount _cards |> Seq.toList
// Find all the combinations of n elements let rec combinations n items =
match n, items with | 0, _ -> [[]] | _, [] -> [] | k, (x::xs) -> List.map ((@) [x]) (combinations (k-1) xs) @ combinations k xs
let validCardSet (cards: Card list) =
// Valid feature if all features are the same or different
let validFeature = function
| [a; b; c] -> (a = b && b = c) || (a <> b && a <> c && b <> c)
| _ -> false
// Build and validate the feature lists
let isValid = cards |> List.fold (fun (ns, cs, fs, ss) c ->
(c.Number::ns, c.Color::cs, c.Fill::fs, c.Symbol::ss)) ([], [], [], [])
|> fun (ns, cs, fs, ss) ->
(validFeature ns) && (validFeature cs) && (validFeature fs) && (validFeature ss)
if isValid then Some cards else None
let findSolution cardCount setCount =
let cardsGen = CardsGenerator()
let rec search () =
let hand = cardsGen.GetHand cardCount
let foundSets = combinations SetSize hand |> List.choose validCardSet
if foundSets.Length = setCount then (hand, foundSets) else search()
search()
let displaySolution (hand: Card list, sets: Card list list) =
let printCardDetails (c: Card) =
printfn " %A %A %A %A" c.Number c.Color c.Symbol c.Fill
printfn "Dealt %d cards:" hand.Length List.iter printCardDetails hand printf "\n"
printfn "Found %d sets:" sets.Length sets |> List.iter (fun cards -> List.iter printCardDetails cards; printf "\n" )
let playGame() =
let solve cardCount setCount =
displaySolution (findSolution cardCount setCount)
solve 9 4 solve 12 6
playGame()</lang> Output:
Dealt 9 cards:
Three Red Diamond Solid
Two Red Oval Solid
Three Red Oval Striped
Two Purple Oval Striped
One Green Squiggle Open
One Purple Diamond Solid
One Green Oval Striped
One Green Diamond Solid
Three Purple Diamond Striped
Found 4 sets:
Three Red Diamond Solid
Two Purple Oval Striped
One Green Squiggle Open
Two Red Oval Solid
One Green Squiggle Open
Three Purple Diamond Striped
Three Red Oval Striped
Two Purple Oval Striped
One Green Oval Striped
One Green Squiggle Open
One Green Oval Striped
One Green Diamond Solid
Dealt 12 cards:
One Green Diamond Open
Two Red Diamond Striped
Three Red Oval Striped
One Red Diamond Open
Three Green Oval Open
Two Purple Squiggle Solid
Two Red Oval Striped
One Red Oval Striped
Two Red Oval Open
Three Purple Oval Striped
One Purple Diamond Open
Three Red Oval Solid
Found 6 sets:
One Green Diamond Open
Three Red Oval Striped
Two Purple Squiggle Solid
One Green Diamond Open
One Red Diamond Open
One Purple Diamond Open
Three Red Oval Striped
Two Red Oval Striped
One Red Oval Striped
Three Green Oval Open
Three Purple Oval Striped
Three Red Oval Solid
Two Purple Squiggle Solid
Three Purple Oval Striped
One Purple Diamond Open
One Red Oval Striped
Two Red Oval Open
Three Red Oval Solid
Factor
<lang factor>USING: arrays backtrack combinators.short-circuit formatting fry grouping io kernel literals math.combinatorics math.matrices prettyprint qw random sequences sets ; IN: rosetta-code.set-puzzle
CONSTANT: deck $[
[
qw{ red green purple } amb-lazy
qw{ one two three } amb-lazy
qw{ oval squiggle diamond } amb-lazy
qw{ solid open striped } amb-lazy 4array
] bag-of
]
- valid-category? ( seq -- ? )
{ [ all-equal? ] [ all-unique? ] } 1|| ;
- valid-set? ( seq -- ? )
[ valid-category? ] column-map t [ and ] reduce ;
- find-sets ( seq -- seq )
3 <combinations> [ valid-set? ] filter ;
- deal-hand ( m n -- seq valid? )
[ deck swap sample ] dip over find-sets length = ;
- find-valid-hand ( m n -- seq )
[ f ] 2dip '[ drop _ _ deal-hand not ] loop ;
- set-puzzle ( m n -- )
[ find-valid-hand ] 2keep
[ "Dealt %d cards:\n" printf simple-table. nl ]
[
"Containing %d sets:\n" printf find-sets
{ { " " " " " " " " } } join simple-table. nl
] bi-curry* bi ;
- main ( -- )
9 4 set-puzzle 12 6 set-puzzle ;
MAIN: main</lang>
- Output:
Dealt 9 cards:
purple one diamond striped
purple three squiggle open
purple one oval solid
green two squiggle striped
red one oval striped
green three oval solid
purple three diamond striped
red two oval striped
purple two diamond striped
Containing 4 sets:
purple one diamond striped
purple three diamond striped
purple two diamond striped
purple three squiggle open
purple one oval solid
purple two diamond striped
green two squiggle striped
red one oval striped
purple three diamond striped
green two squiggle striped
red two oval striped
purple two diamond striped
Dealt 12 cards:
green one oval striped
red two squiggle striped
red two diamond open
purple two oval solid
green three squiggle open
purple one squiggle striped
purple two squiggle open
red two squiggle solid
red three oval open
purple one oval solid
red one diamond striped
red two oval striped
Containing 6 sets:
green one oval striped
purple two oval solid
red three oval open
green one oval striped
purple one squiggle striped
red one diamond striped
red two diamond open
red two squiggle solid
red two oval striped
purple two oval solid
green three squiggle open
red one diamond striped
green three squiggle open
purple one squiggle striped
red two squiggle solid
red two squiggle solid
red three oval open
red one diamond striped
Go
<lang go>package main
import (
"fmt" "math/rand" "time"
)
const (
number = [3]string{"1", "2", "3"}
color = [3]string{"red", "green", "purple"}
shade = [3]string{"solid", "open", "striped"}
shape = [3]string{"oval", "squiggle", "diamond"}
)
type card int
func (c card) String() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("%s %s %s %s",
number[c/27],
color[c/9%3],
shade[c/3%3],
shape[c%3])
}
func main() {
rand.Seed(time.Now().Unix())
game("Basic", 9, 4)
game("Advanced", 12, 6)
}
func game(level string, cards, sets int) {
// create deck
d := make([]card, 81)
for i := range d {
d[i] = card(i)
}
var found [][3]card
for len(found) != sets {
found = found[:0]
// deal
for i := 0; i < cards; i++ {
j := rand.Intn(81 - i)
d[i], d[j] = d[j], d[i]
}
// consider all triplets
for i := 2; i < cards; i++ {
c1 := d[i]
for j := 1; j < i; j++ {
c2 := d[j]
l3:
for _, c3 := range d[:j] {
for f := card(1); f < 81; f *= 3 {
if (c1/f%3 + c2/f%3 + c3/f%3) % 3 != 0 {
continue l3 // not a set
}
}
// it's a set
found = append(found, [3]card{c1, c2, c3})
}
}
}
}
// found the right number
fmt.Printf("%s game. %d cards, %d sets.\n", level, cards, sets)
fmt.Println("Cards:")
for _, c := range d[:cards] {
fmt.Println(" ", c)
}
fmt.Println("Sets:")
for _, s := range found {
fmt.Printf(" %s\n %s\n %s\n",s[0],s[1],s[2])
}
}</lang>
- Output:
Basic game. 9 cards, 4 sets. Cards: 3 red solid oval 3 red open oval 3 purple striped oval 2 green striped oval 2 red solid oval 1 purple open diamond 2 purple solid squiggle 1 green striped diamond 3 green striped squiggle Sets: 2 purple solid squiggle 1 purple open diamond 3 purple striped oval 1 green striped diamond 2 purple solid squiggle 3 red open oval 3 green striped squiggle 1 purple open diamond 2 red solid oval 3 green striped squiggle 1 green striped diamond 2 green striped oval Advanced game. 12 cards, 6 sets. Cards: 2 green solid squiggle 3 red solid oval 3 purple open oval 2 purple open squiggle 3 red striped oval 1 red open oval 1 purple open diamond 1 green striped squiggle 3 red open oval 3 red striped squiggle 2 red striped oval 1 purple solid diamond Sets: 1 purple open diamond 2 purple open squiggle 3 purple open oval 1 purple open diamond 3 red striped oval 2 green solid squiggle 3 red open oval 3 red striped oval 3 red solid oval 2 red striped oval 1 red open oval 3 red solid oval 1 purple solid diamond 3 red solid oval 2 green solid squiggle 1 purple solid diamond 1 green striped squiggle 1 red open oval
Haskell
<lang haskell>import Control.Monad.State
(State, evalState, replicateM, runState, state)
import System.Random (StdGen, newStdGen, randomR) import Data.List (find, nub, sort)
combinations :: Int -> [a] -> a combinations 0 _ = [[]] combinations _ [] = [] combinations k (y:ys) = map (y :) (combinations (k - 1) ys) ++ combinations k ys
data Color
= Red | Green | Purple deriving (Show, Enum, Bounded, Ord, Eq)
data Symbol
= Oval | Squiggle | Diamond deriving (Show, Enum, Bounded, Ord, Eq)
data Count
= One | Two | Three deriving (Show, Enum, Bounded, Ord, Eq)
data Shading
= Solid | Open | Striped deriving (Show, Enum, Bounded, Ord, Eq)
data Card = Card
{ color :: Color
, symbol :: Symbol
, count :: Count
, shading :: Shading
} deriving (Show)
-- Identify a set of three cards by counting all attribute types. -- if each count is 3 or 1 ( not 2 ) the the cards compose a set. isSet :: [Card] -> Bool isSet cs =
let total = length . nub . sort . flip map cs in notElem 2 [total color, total symbol, total count, total shading]
-- Get a random card from a deck. Returns the card and removes it from the deck. getCard :: State (StdGen, [Card]) Card getCard =
state $
\(gen, cs) ->
let (i, newGen) = randomR (0, length cs - 1) gen
(a, b) = splitAt i cs
in (head b, (newGen, a ++ tail b))
-- Get a hand of cards. Starts with new deck and then removes the -- appropriate number of cards from that deck. getHand :: Int -> State StdGen [Card] getHand n =
state $
\gen ->
let az = [minBound .. maxBound]
deck =
[ Card co sy ct sh
| co <- az
, sy <- az
, ct <- az
, sh <- az ]
(a, (newGen, _)) = runState (replicateM n getCard) (gen, deck)
in (a, newGen)
-- Get an unbounded number of hands of the appropriate number of cards. getManyHands :: Int -> State StdGen Card getManyHands n = (sequence . repeat) (getHand n)
-- Deal out hands of the appropriate size until one with the desired number -- of sets is found. then print the hand and the sets. showSolutions :: Int -> Int -> IO () showSolutions cardCount solutionCount = do
putStrLn $
"Showing hand of " ++
show cardCount ++ " cards with " ++ show solutionCount ++ " solutions."
gen <- newStdGen
let Just z =
find ((solutionCount ==) . length . filter isSet . combinations 3) $
evalState (getManyHands cardCount) gen
mapM_ print z
putStrLn ""
putStrLn "Solutions:"
mapM_ putSet $ filter isSet $ combinations 3 z
where
putSet st = do
mapM_ print st
putStrLn ""
-- Show a hand of 9 cards with 4 solutions -- and a hand of 12 cards with 6 solutions. main :: IO () main = do
showSolutions 9 4 showSolutions 12 6</lang>
- Output:
Showing hand of 9 cards with 4 solutions.
Card {color = Red, symbol = Diamond, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Purple, symbol = Diamond, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Red, symbol = Oval, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Squiggle, count = Two, shading = Striped}
Card {color = Red, symbol = Squiggle, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Red, symbol = Diamond, count = One, shading = Striped}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Diamond, count = Three, shading = Solid}
Card {color = Purple, symbol = Squiggle, count = One, shading = Solid}
Card {color = Purple, symbol = Oval, count = Three, shading = Striped}
Solutions:
Card {color = Red, symbol = Diamond, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Red, symbol = Oval, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Red, symbol = Squiggle, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Purple, symbol = Diamond, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Red, symbol = Diamond, count = One, shading = Striped}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Diamond, count = Three, shading = Solid}
Card {color = Purple, symbol = Diamond, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Purple, symbol = Squiggle, count = One, shading = Solid}
Card {color = Purple, symbol = Oval, count = Three, shading = Striped}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Squiggle, count = Two, shading = Striped}
Card {color = Red, symbol = Diamond, count = One, shading = Striped}
Card {color = Purple, symbol = Oval, count = Three, shading = Striped}
Showing hand of 12 cards with 6 solutions.
Card {color = Purple, symbol = Oval, count = Two, shading = Solid}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Squiggle, count = Two, shading = Striped}
Card {color = Purple, symbol = Diamond, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Squiggle, count = One, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Oval, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Oval, count = One, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Squiggle, count = Three, shading = Solid}
Card {color = Red, symbol = Diamond, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Diamond, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Oval, count = One, shading = Solid}
Card {color = Red, symbol = Squiggle, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Oval, count = Three, shading = Open}
Solutions:
Card {color = Purple, symbol = Oval, count = Two, shading = Solid}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Squiggle, count = Two, shading = Striped}
Card {color = Red, symbol = Diamond, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Squiggle, count = Two, shading = Striped}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Squiggle, count = One, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Squiggle, count = Three, shading = Solid}
Card {color = Purple, symbol = Diamond, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Oval, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Red, symbol = Squiggle, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Purple, symbol = Diamond, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Red, symbol = Diamond, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Diamond, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Squiggle, count = One, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Diamond, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Oval, count = Three, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Oval, count = Two, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Oval, count = One, shading = Open}
Card {color = Green, symbol = Oval, count = Three, shading = Open}
J
Solution: <lang j>require 'stats/base'
Number=: ;:'one two three' Colour=: ;:'red green purple' Fill=: ;:'solid open striped' Symbol=: ;:'oval squiggle diamond' Features=: Number ; Colour ; Fill ;< Symbol Deck=: > ; <"1 { i.@#&.> Features sayCards=: (', ' joinstring Features {&>~ ])"1 drawRandom=: ] {~ (? #) isSet=: *./@:(1 3 e.~ [: #@~."1 |:)"2 getSets=: [: (] #~ isSet) ] {~ 3 comb # countSets=: #@:getSets
set_puzzle=: verb define
target=. <. -: y
whilst. target ~: countSets Hand do.
Hand=. y drawRandom Deck
end.
echo 'Dealt ',(": y),' Cards:'
echo sayCards sort Hand
echo LF,'Found ',(":target),' Sets:'
echo sayCards sort"2 getSets Hand
)</lang>
Example: <lang j> set_puzzle 9 Dealt 9 Cards: one, red, solid, oval one, green, open, squiggle two, purple, striped, squiggle three, red, solid, squiggle three, red, open, oval three, green, solid, oval three, green, open, diamond three, purple, open, oval three, purple, striped, oval
Found 4 Sets: three, red, solid, squiggle three, green, open, diamond three, purple, striped, oval
one, red, solid, oval two, purple, striped, squiggle three, green, open, diamond
one, green, open, squiggle two, purple, striped, squiggle three, red, solid, squiggle
three, red, open, oval three, green, solid, oval three, purple, striped, oval </lang>
Java
<lang java>import java.util.*;
public class SetPuzzle {
enum Color {
GREEN(0), PURPLE(1), RED(2);
private Color(int v) {
val = v;
}
public final int val;
}
enum Number {
ONE(0), TWO(1), THREE(2);
private Number(int v) {
val = v;
}
public final int val;
}
enum Symbol {
OVAL(0), DIAMOND(1), SQUIGGLE(2);
private Symbol(int v) {
val = v;
}
public final int val;
}
enum Fill {
OPEN(0), STRIPED(1), SOLID(2);
private Fill(int v) {
val = v;
}
public final int val;
}
private static class Card implements Comparable<Card> {
Color c;
Number n;
Symbol s;
Fill f;
@Override
public String toString() {
return String.format("[Card: %s, %s, %s, %s]", c, n, s, f);
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Card o) {
return (c.val - o.c.val) * 10 + (n.val - o.n.val);
}
}
private static Card[] deck;
public static void main(String[] args) {
deck = new Card[81];
Color[] colors = Color.values();
Number[] numbers = Number.values();
Symbol[] symbols = Symbol.values();
Fill[] fillmodes = Fill.values();
for (int i = 0; i < deck.length; i++) {
deck[i] = new Card();
deck[i].c = colors[i / 27];
deck[i].n = numbers[(i / 9) % 3];
deck[i].s = symbols[(i / 3) % 3];
deck[i].f = fillmodes[i % 3];
}
findSets(12);
}
private static void findSets(int numCards) {
int target = numCards / 2;
Card[] cards;
Card[][] sets = new Card[target][3];
int cnt;
do {
Collections.shuffle(Arrays.asList(deck));
cards = Arrays.copyOfRange(deck, 0, numCards);
cnt = 0;
outer:
for (int i = 0; i < cards.length - 2; i++) {
for (int j = i + 1; j < cards.length - 1; j++) {
for (int k = j + 1; k < cards.length; k++) {
if (validSet(cards[i], cards[j], cards[k])) {
if (cnt < target)
sets[cnt] = new Card[]{cards[i], cards[j], cards[k]};
if (++cnt > target) {
break outer;
}
}
}
}
}
} while (cnt != target);
Arrays.sort(cards);
System.out.printf("GIVEN %d CARDS:\n\n", numCards);
for (Card c : cards) {
System.out.println(c);
}
System.out.println();
System.out.println("FOUND " + target + " SETS:\n");
for (Card[] set : sets) {
for (Card c : set) {
System.out.println(c);
}
System.out.println();
}
}
private static boolean validSet(Card c1, Card c2, Card c3) {
int tot = 0;
tot += (c1.c.val + c2.c.val + c3.c.val) % 3;
tot += (c1.n.val + c2.n.val + c3.n.val) % 3;
tot += (c1.s.val + c2.s.val + c3.s.val) % 3;
tot += (c1.f.val + c2.f.val + c3.f.val) % 3;
return tot == 0;
}
}</lang>
GIVEN 12 CARDS: [Card: GREEN, ONE, DIAMOND, OPEN] [Card: GREEN, TWO, SQUIGGLE, OPEN] [Card: GREEN, THREE, DIAMOND, STRIPED] [Card: GREEN, THREE, DIAMOND, OPEN] [Card: PURPLE, ONE, DIAMOND, SOLID] [Card: PURPLE, ONE, SQUIGGLE, SOLID] [Card: PURPLE, TWO, SQUIGGLE, SOLID] [Card: PURPLE, THREE, DIAMOND, OPEN] [Card: RED, ONE, SQUIGGLE, STRIPED] [Card: RED, ONE, OVAL, STRIPED] [Card: RED, TWO, DIAMOND, STRIPED] [Card: RED, THREE, OVAL, STRIPED] FOUND 6 SETS: [Card: GREEN, TWO, SQUIGGLE, OPEN] [Card: PURPLE, ONE, DIAMOND, SOLID] [Card: RED, THREE, OVAL, STRIPED] [Card: GREEN, THREE, DIAMOND, OPEN] [Card: RED, ONE, OVAL, STRIPED] [Card: PURPLE, TWO, SQUIGGLE, SOLID] [Card: GREEN, THREE, DIAMOND, OPEN] [Card: PURPLE, ONE, DIAMOND, SOLID] [Card: RED, TWO, DIAMOND, STRIPED] [Card: RED, ONE, SQUIGGLE, STRIPED] [Card: RED, THREE, OVAL, STRIPED] [Card: RED, TWO, DIAMOND, STRIPED] [Card: RED, ONE, OVAL, STRIPED] [Card: PURPLE, ONE, SQUIGGLE, SOLID] [Card: GREEN, ONE, DIAMOND, OPEN] [Card: GREEN, ONE, DIAMOND, OPEN] [Card: RED, THREE, OVAL, STRIPED] [Card: PURPLE, TWO, SQUIGGLE, SOLID]
Julia
Plays one basic game and one advanced game. <lang julia>using Random, IterTools, Combinatorics
function SetGameTM(basic = true)
drawsize = basic ? 9 : 12
setsneeded = div(drawsize, 2)
setsof3 = Vector{Vector{NTuple{4, String}}}()
draw = Vector{NTuple{4, String}}()
deck = collect(Iterators.product(["red", "green", "purple"], ["one", "two", "three"],
["oval", "squiggle", "diamond"], ["solid", "open", "striped"]))
while length(setsof3) != setsneeded
empty!(draw)
empty!(setsof3)
map(x -> push!(draw, x), shuffle(deck)[1:drawsize])
for threecards in combinations(draw, 3)
canuse = true
for i in 1:4
u = length(unique(map(x->x[i], threecards)))
if u != 3 && u != 1
canuse = false
end
end
if canuse
push!(setsof3, threecards)
end
end
end
println("Dealt $drawsize cards:")
for card in draw
println(" $card")
end
println("\nFormed these cards into $setsneeded sets:")
for set in setsof3
for card in set
println(" $card")
end
println()
end
end
SetGameTM() SetGameTM(false)
</lang>
- Output:
Dealt 9 cards:
("green", "one", "oval", "open")
("green", "three", "diamond", "open")
("purple", "one", "diamond", "striped")
("purple", "three", "oval", "solid")
("red", "two", "diamond", "open")
("red", "one", "oval", "striped")
("green", "one", "squiggle", "striped")
("green", "two", "oval", "solid")
("purple", "two", "squiggle", "open")
Formed these cards into 4 sets:
("green", "three", "diamond", "open")
("green", "one", "squiggle", "striped")
("green", "two", "oval", "solid")
("purple", "one", "diamond", "striped")
("purple", "three", "oval", "solid")
("purple", "two", "squiggle", "open")
("purple", "one", "diamond", "striped")
("red", "one", "oval", "striped")
("green", "one", "squiggle", "striped")
("purple", "three", "oval", "solid")
("red", "two", "diamond", "open")
("green", "one", "squiggle", "striped")
Dealt 12 cards:
("red", "one", "squiggle", "open")
("green", "one", "diamond", "striped")
("red", "two", "oval", "solid")
("green", "three", "squiggle", "striped")
("green", "three", "squiggle", "open")
("red", "one", "oval", "solid")
("purple", "two", "oval", "striped")
("green", "two", "oval", "striped")
("green", "three", "oval", "open")
("purple", "two", "diamond", "open")
("purple", "three", "diamond", "striped")
("purple", "two", "squiggle", "solid")
Formed these cards into 6 sets:
("red", "one", "squiggle", "open")
("green", "three", "squiggle", "striped")
("purple", "two", "squiggle", "solid")
("red", "one", "squiggle", "open")
("green", "three", "oval", "open")
("purple", "two", "diamond", "open")
("green", "one", "diamond", "striped")
("green", "three", "squiggle", "striped")
("green", "two", "oval", "striped")
("green", "three", "squiggle", "striped")
("red", "one", "oval", "solid")
("purple", "two", "diamond", "open")
("red", "one", "oval", "solid")
("purple", "two", "oval", "striped")
("green", "three", "oval", "open")
("purple", "two", "oval", "striped")
("purple", "two", "diamond", "open")
("purple", "two", "squiggle", "solid")
Kotlin
<lang scala>// version 1.1.3
import java.util.Collections.shuffle
enum class Color { RED, GREEN, PURPLE } enum class Symbol { OVAL, SQUIGGLE, DIAMOND } enum class Number { ONE, TWO, THREE } enum class Shading { SOLID, OPEN, STRIPED } enum class Degree { BASIC, ADVANCED }
class Card(
val color: Color, val symbol: Symbol, val number: Number, val shading: Shading
) : Comparable<Card> {
private val value =
color.ordinal * 27 + symbol.ordinal * 9 + number.ordinal * 3 + shading.ordinal
override fun compareTo(other: Card) = value.compareTo(other.value)
override fun toString() = (
color.name.padEnd(8) +
symbol.name.padEnd(10) +
number.name.padEnd(7) +
shading.name.padEnd(7)
).toLowerCase()
companion object {
val zero = Card(Color.RED, Symbol.OVAL, Number.ONE, Shading.SOLID)
}
}
fun createDeck() =
List<Card>(81) {
val col = Color.values() [it / 27]
val sym = Symbol.values() [it / 9 % 3]
val num = Number.values() [it / 3 % 3]
val shd = Shading.values()[it % 3]
Card(col, sym, num, shd)
}
fun playGame(degree: Degree) {
val deck = createDeck()
val nCards = if (degree == Degree.BASIC) 9 else 12
val nSets = nCards / 2
val sets = Array(nSets) { Array(3) { Card.zero } }
var hand: Array<Card>
outer@ while (true) {
shuffle(deck)
hand = deck.take(nCards).toTypedArray()
var count = 0
for (i in 0 until hand.size - 2) {
for (j in i + 1 until hand.size - 1) {
for (k in j + 1 until hand.size) {
val trio = arrayOf(hand[i], hand[j], hand[k])
if (isSet(trio)) {
sets[count++] = trio
if (count == nSets) break@outer
}
}
}
}
}
hand.sort()
println("DEALT $nCards CARDS:\n")
println(hand.joinToString("\n"))
println("\nCONTAINING $nSets SETS:\n")
for (s in sets) {
s.sort()
println(s.joinToString("\n"))
println()
}
}
fun isSet(trio: Array<Card>): Boolean {
val r1 = trio.sumBy { it.color.ordinal } % 3
val r2 = trio.sumBy { it.symbol.ordinal } % 3
val r3 = trio.sumBy { it.number.ordinal } % 3
val r4 = trio.sumBy { it.shading.ordinal } % 3
return (r1 + r2 + r3 + r4) == 0
}
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
playGame(Degree.BASIC) println() playGame(Degree.ADVANCED)
}</lang>
Sample output:
DEALT 9 CARDS: red oval three solid red diamond two solid green oval one open green oval three open green squiggle one open green diamond one open purple oval three striped purple squiggle three solid purple diamond two striped CONTAINING 4 SETS: red oval three solid green squiggle one open purple diamond two striped red oval three solid green oval three open purple oval three striped green oval one open green squiggle one open green diamond one open red diamond two solid green squiggle one open purple oval three striped DEALT 12 CARDS: red squiggle two solid red diamond two solid red diamond two open red diamond two striped green oval one open green oval three solid green oval three open green squiggle one solid green diamond one striped purple oval one solid purple oval three open purple squiggle one striped CONTAINING 6 SETS: red diamond two open green oval three solid purple squiggle one striped red diamond two solid red diamond two open red diamond two striped red diamond two solid green oval three open purple squiggle one striped red squiggle two solid green diamond one striped purple oval three open green oval one open green squiggle one solid green diamond one striped red diamond two striped green squiggle one solid purple oval three open
Mathematica
A simple brute force approach. This code highlights two things: 1) a few of Mathematica's "higher-level" functions such as Tuples and Subsets and 2) the straightforwardness enabled by the language's "dynamic typing" (more precisely, its symbolic semantics) and its usage of lists for everything (in this particular example, the fact that functions such as Tuples and Entropy can be used on lists with arbitrary content).
<lang Mathematica>colors = {Red, Green, Purple}; symbols = {"0", "\[TildeTilde]", "\[Diamond]"}; numbers = {1, 2, 3}; shadings = {"\[FilledSquare]", "\[Square]", "\[DoublePrime]"};
validTripleQ[l_List] := Entropy[l] != Entropy[{1, 1, 2}]; validSetQ[cards_List] := And @@ (validTripleQ /@ Transpose[cards]);
allCards = Tuples[{colors, symbols, numbers, shadings}];
deal[{numDeal_, setNum_}] := Module[{cards, count = 0},
While[count != setNum,
cards = RandomSample[allCards, numDeal];
count = Count[Subsets[cards, {3}], _?validSetQ]];
cards];
Row[{Style[#2, #1], #3, #4}] & @@@ deal[{9, 4}]</lang>
PARI/GP
<lang parigp>dealraw(cards)=vector(cards,i,vector(4,j,1<<random(3))); howmany(a,b,c)=hammingweight(bitor(a,bitor(b,c))); name(v)=Str(["red","green",0,"purple"][v[1]],", ",["oval","squiggle",0,"diamond"][v[2]],", ",["one","two",0,"three"][v[3]],", ",["solid","open",0,"striped"][v[4]]); check(D,sets)={
my(S=List());
for(i=1,#D-2,for(j=i+1,#D-1,for(k=j+1,#D,
for(x=1,4,
if(howmany(D[i][x],D[j][x],D[k][x])==2,next(2))
);
listput(S,[i,j,k]);
if(#S>sets,return(0))
)));
if(#S==sets,Vec(S),0)
}; deal(cards,sets)={
my(v,s);
until(s,
s=check(v=dealraw(cards),sets)
);
v=apply(name,v);
for(i=1,cards,print(v[i]));
for(i=1,sets,
print("Set #"i);
for(j=1,3,print(" "v[s[i][j]]))
)
}; deal(9,4) deal(12,6)</lang>
- Output:
green, diamond, one, open purple, squiggle, three, solid green, squiggle, two, striped green, oval, one, striped purple, oval, two, striped purple, oval, one, open red, squiggle, one, open green, squiggle, one, solid red, diamond, three, solid Set #1 green, diamond, one, open green, oval, one, striped green, squiggle, one, solid Set #2 green, diamond, one, open purple, oval, one, open red, squiggle, one, open Set #3 purple, squiggle, three, solid green, squiggle, two, striped red, squiggle, one, open Set #4 green, squiggle, two, striped purple, oval, one, open red, diamond, three, solid purple, squiggle, three, open red, oval, two, open purple, oval, two, solid green, squiggle, two, solid purple, diamond, two, striped purple, squiggle, two, solid green, oval, two, striped red, oval, one, striped red, squiggle, two, striped green, diamond, three, solid green, diamond, two, open purple, oval, one, open Set #1 red, oval, two, open purple, oval, two, solid green, oval, two, striped Set #2 red, oval, two, open green, squiggle, two, solid purple, diamond, two, striped Set #3 purple, oval, two, solid red, squiggle, two, striped green, diamond, two, open Set #4 green, squiggle, two, solid green, oval, two, striped green, diamond, two, open Set #5 purple, diamond, two, striped green, oval, two, striped red, squiggle, two, striped Set #6 red, squiggle, two, striped green, diamond, three, solid purple, oval, one, open
Perl
It's actually slightly simplified, since generating Enum classes and objects would be overkill for this particular task. <lang perl>#!perl use strict; use warnings;
- This code was adapted from the perl6 solution for this task.
- Each element of the deck is an integer, which, when written
- in octal, has four digits, which are all either 1, 2, or 4.
my $fmt = '%4o'; my @deck = grep sprintf($fmt, $_) !~ tr/124//c, 01111 .. 04444;
- Given a feature digit (1, 2, or 4), produce the feature's name.
- Note that digits 0 and 3 are unused.
my @features = map [split ' '], split /\n/,<<; ! red green ! purple ! one two ! three ! oval squiggle ! diamond ! solid open ! striped
81 == @deck or die "There are ".@deck." cards (should be 81)";
- By default, draw 9 cards, but if the user
- supplied a parameter, use that.
my $draw = shift(@ARGV) || 9; my $goal = int($draw/2);
- Get the possible combinations of 3 indices into $draw elements.
my @combinations = combine(3, 0 .. $draw-1);
my @sets;
do { # Shuffle the first $draw elements of @deck. for my $i ( 0 .. $draw-1 ) { my $j = $i + int rand(@deck - $i); @deck[$i, $j] = @deck[$j, $i]; }
# Find all valid sets using the shuffled elements. @sets = grep { my $or = 0; $or |= $_ for @deck[@$_]; # If all colors (or whatever) are the same, then # a 1, 2, or 4 will result when we OR them together. # If they're all different, then a 7 will result. # If any other digit occurs, the set is invalid. sprintf($fmt, $or) !~ tr/1247//c; } @combinations;
# Continue until there are exactly $goal valid sets. } until @sets == $goal;
print "Drew $draw cards:\n"; for my $i ( 0 .. $#sets ) { print "Set ", $i+1, ":\n"; my @cards = @deck[ @{$sets[$i]} ]; for my $card ( @cards ) { my @octal = split //, sprintf '%4o', $card; my @f = map $features[$_][$octal[$_]], 0 .. 3; printf " %-6s %-5s %-8s %s\n", @f; } }
exit;
- This function is adapted from the perl5i solution for the
- RosettaCode Combinations task.
sub combine { my $n = shift; return unless @_; return map [$_], @_ if $n == 1; my $head = shift; my @result = combine( $n-1, @_ ); unshift @$_, $head for @result; @result, combine( $n, @_ ); }
__END__ </lang>
- Output:
Drew 12 cards:
Set 1:
red three oval striped
green three diamond striped
purple three squiggle striped
Set 2:
red three oval striped
purple three squiggle open
green three diamond solid
Set 3:
purple one diamond striped
red three diamond striped
green two diamond striped
Set 4:
green three diamond striped
green three diamond open
green three diamond solid
Set 5:
red three diamond striped
green three oval solid
purple three squiggle open
Set 6:
green two diamond striped
purple three squiggle striped
red one oval striped
Perl 6
The trick here is to allocate three different bits for each enum, with the result that the cards of a matching set OR together to produce a 4-digit octal number that contains only the digits 1, 2, 4, or 7. This OR is done by funny looking [+|], which is the reduction form of +|, which is the numeric bitwise OR. (Because Perl 6 stole the bare | operator for composing junctions instead.) <lang perl6>enum Color (red => 0o1000, green => 0o2000, purple => 0o4000); enum Count (one => 0o100, two => 0o200, three => 0o400); enum Shape (oval => 0o10, squiggle => 0o20, diamond => 0o40); enum Style (solid => 0o1, open => 0o2, striped => 0o4);
my @deck = Color.enums X Count.enums X Shape.enums X Style.enums;
sub MAIN($DRAW = 9, $GOAL = $DRAW div 2) {
sub show-cards(@c) { { printf "%9s%7s%10s%9s\n", @c[$_;*]».key } for ^@c }
my @combinations = [^$DRAW].combinations(3);
my @draw;
repeat until (my @sets) == $GOAL {
@draw = @deck.pick($DRAW);
my @bits = @draw.map: { [+] @^enums».value }
@sets = gather for @combinations -> @c {
take @draw[@c].item when /^ <[1247]>+ $/ given ( [+|] @bits[@c] ).base(8);
}
}
say "Drew $DRAW cards:";
show-cards @draw;
for @sets.kv -> $i, @cards {
say "\nSet {$i+1}:";
show-cards @cards;
}
}</lang>
- Output:
Drew 9 cards:
purple two diamond open
red two squiggle striped
purple three squiggle open
purple two squiggle striped
red three oval striped
red one diamond striped
purple two oval solid
green three diamond solid
red two squiggle open
Set 1:
purple two diamond open
purple two squiggle striped
purple two oval solid
Set 2:
purple two diamond open
red one diamond striped
green three diamond solid
Set 3:
red two squiggle striped
red three oval striped
red one diamond striped
Set 4:
purple three squiggle open
red three oval striped
green three diamond solid
Phix
Converts cards 1..81 (that idea from C) to 1/2/4 [/7] (that idea from Perl) but inverts the validation <lang Phix>function comb(sequence pool, integer needed, sequence res={}, integer done=0, sequence chosen={})
if needed=0 then -- got a full set
sequence {a,b,c} = chosen
if not find_any({3,5,6},flatten(sq_or_bits(sq_or_bits(a,b),c))) then
res = append(res,chosen)
end if
elsif done+needed<=length(pool) then
-- get all combinations with and without the next item:
done += 1
res = comb(pool,needed-1,res,done,append(chosen,pool[done]))
res = comb(pool,needed,res,done,chosen)
end if
return res
end function
constant m124 = {1,2,4}
function card(integer n) --returns the nth card (n is 1..81, res is length 4 of 1/2/4)
n -= 1
sequence res = repeat(0,4)
for i=1 to 4 do
res[i] = m124[remainder(n,3)+1]
n = floor(n/3)
end for
return res
end function
constant colours = {"red", "green", 0, "purple"},
symbols = {"oval", "squiggle", 0, "diamond"},
numbers = {"one", "two", 0, "three"},
shades = {"solid", "open", 0, "striped"}
procedure print_cards(sequence hand, sequence cards)
for i=1 to length(cards) do
integer {c,m,n,g} = cards[i],
id = find(cards[i],hand)
printf(1,"%3d: %-7s %-9s %-6s %s\n",{id,colours[c],symbols[m],numbers[n],shades[g]})
end for
printf(1,"\n")
end procedure
procedure play(integer cards=9, integer sets=4)
integer deals = 1
while 1 do
sequence deck = shuffle(tagset(81))
sequence hand = deck[1..cards]
for i=1 to length(hand) do
hand[i] = card(hand[i])
end for
sequence res = comb(hand,3)
if length(res)=sets then
printf(1,"dealt %d cards (%d deals)\n",{cards,deals})
print_cards(hand,hand)
printf(1,"with %d sets\n",{sets})
for i=1 to sets do
print_cards(hand,res[i])
end for
exit
end if
deals += 1
end while
end procedure play() --play(12,6) --play(9,6)</lang>
- Output:
dealt 9 cards (172 deals) 1: red oval two open 2: green oval one solid 3: purple diamond two striped 4: green diamond one striped 5: green oval one striped 6: purple squiggle three solid 7: green diamond two solid 8: red diamond two open 9: green squiggle one striped with 4 sets 1: red oval two open 4: green diamond one striped 6: purple squiggle three solid 3: purple diamond two striped 7: green diamond two solid 8: red diamond two open 4: green diamond one striped 5: green oval one striped 9: green squiggle one striped 5: green oval one striped 6: purple squiggle three solid 8: red diamond two open
Python
<lang python>#!/usr/bin/python
from itertools import product, combinations from random import sample
- Major constants
features = [ 'green purple red'.split(),
'one two three'.split(),
'oval diamond squiggle'.split(),
'open striped solid'.split() ]
deck = list(product(list(range(3)), repeat=4))
dealt = 9
- Functions
def printcard(card):
print(' '.join('%8s' % f[i] for f,i in zip(features, card)))
def getdeal(dealt=dealt):
deal = sample(deck, dealt) return deal
def getsets(deal):
good_feature_count = set([1, 3])
sets = [ comb for comb in combinations(deal, 3)
if all( [(len(set(feature)) in good_feature_count)
for feature in zip(*comb)]
) ]
return sets
def printit(deal, sets):
print('Dealt %i cards:' % len(deal))
for card in deal: printcard(card)
print('\nFound %i sets:' % len(sets))
for s in sets:
for card in s: printcard(card)
print()
if __name__ == '__main__':
while True:
deal = getdeal()
sets = getsets(deal)
if len(sets) == dealt / 2:
break
printit(deal, sets)
</lang>
Note: You could remove the inner square brackets of the 'if all( [...] )' part of the sets computation in the getsets function. It is a remnant of Python 2.7 debugging which gives access to the name feature. The code works on Python 3.X too, but not that access.
- Output:
Dealt 9 cards:
green three squiggle solid
green three squiggle open
purple two squiggle solid
green one diamond solid
red three oval solid
green two oval solid
red two oval open
purple one diamond striped
red two oval solid
Found 4 sets:
green three squiggle solid
green one diamond solid
green two oval solid
green three squiggle solid
red two oval open
purple one diamond striped
green three squiggle open
purple one diamond striped
red two oval solid
purple two squiggle solid
green one diamond solid
red three oval solid
Short Version
<lang python>import random, pprint from itertools import product, combinations
N_DRAW = 9 N_GOAL = N_DRAW // 2
deck = list(product("red green purple".split(),
"one two three".split(),
"oval squiggle diamond".split(),
"solid open striped".split()))
sets = [] while len(sets) != N_GOAL:
draw = random.sample(deck, N_DRAW)
sets = [cs for cs in combinations(draw, 3)
if all(len(set(t)) in [1, 3] for t in zip(*cs))]
print "Dealt %d cards:" % len(draw) pprint.pprint(draw) print "\nContaining %d sets:" % len(sets) pprint.pprint(sets)</lang>
- Output:
Dealt 9 cards:
[('purple', 'three', 'squiggle', 'striped'),
('red', 'one', 'squiggle', 'solid'),
('red', 'three', 'diamond', 'striped'),
('red', 'two', 'oval', 'open'),
('purple', 'three', 'squiggle', 'open'),
('green', 'three', 'oval', 'open'),
('purple', 'three', 'squiggle', 'solid'),
('green', 'two', 'squiggle', 'open'),
('purple', 'two', 'oval', 'open')]
Containing 4 sets:
[(('purple', 'three', 'squiggle', 'striped'),
('red', 'one', 'squiggle', 'solid'),
('green', 'two', 'squiggle', 'open')),
(('purple', 'three', 'squiggle', 'striped'),
('purple', 'three', 'squiggle', 'open'),
('purple', 'three', 'squiggle', 'solid')),
(('red', 'one', 'squiggle', 'solid'),
('red', 'three', 'diamond', 'striped'),
('red', 'two', 'oval', 'open')),
(('red', 'three', 'diamond', 'striped'),
('green', 'three', 'oval', 'open'),
('purple', 'three', 'squiggle', 'solid'))]
Racket
<lang Racket>
- lang racket
(struct card [bits name])
(define cards
(for/list ([C '(red green purple )] [Ci '(#o0001 #o0002 #o0004)]
#:when #t
[S '(oval squiggle diamond)] [Si '(#o0010 #o0020 #o0040)]
#:when #t
[N '(one two three )] [Ni '(#o0100 #o0200 #o0400)]
#:when #t
[D '(solid open striped)] [Di '(#o1000 #o2000 #o4000)])
(card (bitwise-ior Ci Si Ni Di) (format "~a, ~a, ~a, ~a" C S N D))))
(define (nsubsets l n)
(cond [(zero? n) '(())] [(null? l) '()]
[else (append (for/list ([l2 (nsubsets (cdr l) (- n 1))])
(cons (car l) l2))
(nsubsets (cdr l) n))]))
(define (set? cards)
(regexp-match? #rx"^[1247]*$"
(number->string (apply bitwise-ior (map card-bits cards)) 8)))
(define (deal C S)
(define hand (take (shuffle cards) C))
(define 3sets (filter set? (nsubsets hand 3)))
(cond [(not (= S (length 3sets))) (deal C S)]
[else (printf "Dealt ~a cards:\n" C)
(for ([c hand]) (printf " ~a\n" (card-name c)))
(printf "\nContaining ~a sets:\n" S)
(for ([set 3sets])
(for ([c set]) (printf " ~a\n" (card-name c)))
(newline))]))
(deal 9 4) (deal 12 6) </lang>
REXX
Language note: each REXX implementation has its own method of determining a starter seed for generating
pseudo-random numbers, and in addition, that starter seed may be dependent upon operating system factors,
hardware architecture, and other things like the (local) date and time-of-day, and other such variables.
The algorithm is also not the same for all REXX implementations.
The particular set of cards dealt (show below) used Regina 3.90 under a Windows/XP environment. <lang rexx>/*REXX program finds "sets" (solutions) for the SET puzzle (game). */ parse arg game seed . /*get optional # cards to deal and seed*/ if game ==',' | game== then game=9 /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/ if seed==',' | seed== then seed=77 /* " " " " " " */ call aGame 0 /*with tell=0: suppress the output. */ call aGame 1 /*with tell=1: display " " */ exit sets /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */ /*──────────────────────────────────AGAME subroutine──────────────────────────*/ aGame: tell=arg(1); good=game%2 /*enable/disable the showing of output.*/
/* [↑] the GOOD var is the right #sets*/
do seed=seed until good==sets /*generate deals until good # of sets.*/
call random ,,seed /*repeatability for the RANDOM invokes.*/
call genFeatures /*generate various card game features. */
call genDeck /*generate a deck (with 81 "cards").*/
call dealer game /*deal a number of cards for the game. */
call findSets game%2 /*find # of sets from the dealt cards. */
end /*until*/ /* [↓] when leaving, SETS is right #.*/
return /*return to invoker of this subroutine.*/ /*──────────────────────────────────DEALER subroutine─────────────────────────*/ dealer: call sey 'dealing' game "cards:",,. /*shuffle and deal the cards. */
do cards=1 until cards==game /*keep dealing until finished.*/
_=random(1,words(##)); ##=delword(##,_,1) /*pick card; delete a card. */
@.cards=deck._ /*add the card to the tableau.*/
call sey right('card' cards,30) " " @.cards /*display the card to screen. */
do j=1 for words(@.cards) /* [↓] define cells for cards*/
@.cards.j=word(@.cards,j) /*define a cell for a card.*/
end /*j*/
end /*cards*/
return /*──────────────────────────────────DEFFEATURES subroutine────────────────────*/ defFeatures: parse arg what,v; _=words(v) /*obtain what is to be defined*/ if _\==values then do; call sey 'error,' what "features ¬=" values,.,.
exit -1
end /* [↑] check for typos/errors*/
do k=1 for words(values) /*define all the possible vals*/
call value what'.'k, word(values,k) /*define a card feature. */
end /*k*/
return /*──────────────────────────────────GENDECK subroutine────────────────────────*/ genDeck: #=0; ##= /*#: cards in deck; ##: shuffle aid.*/
do num=1 for values; xnum = word(numbers, num)
do col=1 for values; xcol = word(colors, col)
do sym=1 for values; xsym = word(symbols, sym)
do sha=1 for values; xsha = word(shadings, sha)
#=#+1; ##=## #; deck.#=xnum xcol xsym xsha /*create a card.*/
end /*sha*/
end /*num*/
end /*sym*/
end /*col*/
return /*#: the number of cards in the deck. */ /*──────────────────────────────────GENFEATURES subroutine────────────────────*/ genFeatures: features=3; groups=4; values=3 /*define # features, groups, vals.*/ numbers = 'one two three' ; call defFeatures 'number', numbers colors = 'red green purple' ; call defFeatures 'color', colors symbols = 'oval squiggle diamond' ; call defFeatures 'symbol', symbols shadings= 'solid open striped' ; call defFeatures 'shading', shadings return /*──────────────────────────────────GENPOSS subroutine────────────────────────*/ genPoss: p=0; sets=0; sep=' ───── '; !.= /*define some REXX variables. */
do i=1 for game /* [↓] the IFs eliminate duplicates.*/
do j=i+1 to game
do k=j+1 to game
p=p+1; !.p.1=@.i; !.p.2=@.j; !.p.3=@.k
end /*k*/
end /*j*/
end /*i*/ /* [↑] generate the permutation list. */
return /*──────────────────────────────────FINDSETS subroutine───────────────────────*/ findSets: parse arg n; call genPoss /*N: the number of sets to be found. */ call sey /*find any sets that were generated [↑]*/
do j=1 for p /*P: is the number of possible sets. */
do f=1 for features
do g=1 for groups; !!.j.f.g=word(!.j.f, g)
end /*g*/
end /*f*/
ok=1 /*everything is peachy─kean (OK) so far*/
do g=1 for groups; _=!!.j.1.g /*build strings to hold possibilities. */
equ=1 /* [↓] handles all the equal features.*/
do f=2 to features while equ; equ=equ & _==!!.j.f.g
end /*f*/
dif=1
__=!!.j.1.g /* [↓] handles all unequal features.*/
do f=2 to features while \equ
dif=dif & (wordpos(!!.j.f.g,__)==0)
__=__ !!.j.f.g /*append to the string for next test. */
end /*f*/
ok=ok & (equ | dif) /*now, see if all are equal or unequal.*/
end /*g*/
if \ok then iterate /*Is this set OK? Nope, then skip it.*/
sets=sets+1 /*bump the number of the sets found. */
call sey right('set' sets": ",15) !.j.1 sep !.j.2 sep !.j.3
end /*j*/
call sey sets 'sets found.',. return /*──────────────────────────────────SEY subroutine────────────────────────────*/ sey: if \tell then return /*¬ tell? Then suppress the output. */ if arg(2)==. then say; say arg(1); if arg(3)==. then say; return</lang> output when using the default input:
dealing 9 cards:
card 1 one green oval open
card 2 two purple squiggle striped
card 3 one green diamond solid
card 4 three red diamond open
card 5 two purple squiggle striped
card 6 two purple oval striped
card 7 two purple diamond striped
card 8 three red squiggle open
card 9 two red oval solid
set 1: two purple squiggle striped ───── two purple oval striped ───── two purple diamond striped
set 2: one green diamond solid ───── three red diamond open ───── two purple diamond striped
set 3: one green diamond solid ───── two purple oval striped ───── three red squiggle open
set 4: two purple squiggle striped ───── two purple oval striped ───── two purple diamond striped
4 sets found.
output when using the input of: 12
dealing 12 cards:
card 1 one purple diamond striped
card 2 one green diamond striped
card 3 one purple squiggle solid
card 4 one red oval solid
card 5 two green oval open
card 6 one green diamond open
card 7 two green squiggle striped
card 8 three green squiggle solid
card 9 three green squiggle open
card 10 one purple diamond open
card 11 three green squiggle open
card 12 two red oval open
set 1: one purple diamond striped ───── three green squiggle solid ───── two red oval open
set 2: one green diamond striped ───── two green oval open ───── three green squiggle solid
set 3: two green oval open ───── one green diamond open ───── three green squiggle open
set 4: two green oval open ───── one green diamond open ───── three green squiggle open
set 5: three green squiggle open ───── one purple diamond open ───── two red oval open
set 6: one purple diamond open ───── three green squiggle open ───── two red oval open
6 sets found.
Ruby
Brute force. <lang ruby>COLORS = %i(red green purple) #use [:red, :green, :purple] in Ruby < 2.0 SYMBOLS = %i(oval squiggle diamond) NUMBERS = %i(one two three) SHADINGS = %i(solid open striped) DECK = COLORS.product(SYMBOLS, NUMBERS, SHADINGS)
def get_all_sets(hand)
hand.combination(3).select do |candidate|
grouped_features = candidate.flatten.group_by{|f| f}
grouped_features.values.none?{|v| v.size == 2}
end
end
def get_puzzle_and_answer(hand_size, num_sets_goal)
begin hand = DECK.sample(hand_size) sets = get_all_sets(hand) end until sets.size == num_sets_goal [hand, sets]
end
def print_cards(cards)
puts cards.map{|card| " %-8s" * 4 % card}
puts
end
def set_puzzle(deal, goal=deal/2)
puzzle, sets = get_puzzle_and_answer(deal, goal)
puts "Dealt #{puzzle.size} cards:"
print_cards(puzzle)
puts "Containing #{sets.size} sets:"
sets.each{|set| print_cards(set)}
end
set_puzzle(9) set_puzzle(12)</lang>
- Output:
Dealt 9 cards: red diamond two open red squiggle three open red diamond two striped red diamond two solid red oval three striped green squiggle three open red oval three open red squiggle one striped red oval one open Containing 4 sets: red diamond two open red squiggle three open red oval one open red diamond two open red diamond two striped red diamond two solid red diamond two striped red oval three striped red squiggle one striped red diamond two solid red oval three open red squiggle one striped Dealt 12 cards: red diamond three solid red diamond three striped purple squiggle one striped purple oval two striped green diamond two open purple oval three open red diamond one striped green oval one solid purple squiggle two solid green oval two open red oval two striped red diamond two striped Containing 6 sets: red diamond three solid purple squiggle one striped green oval two open red diamond three solid green oval one solid purple squiggle two solid red diamond three striped red diamond one striped red diamond two striped green diamond two open purple squiggle two solid red oval two striped purple oval three open green oval one solid red oval two striped purple squiggle two solid green oval two open red diamond two striped
Tcl
The principle behind this code is that the space of possible solutions is a substantial proportion of the space of possible hands, so picking a random hand and verifying that it is a solution, repeating until that verification succeeds, is a much quicker way to find a solution than a systematic search. It also makes the code substantially simpler. <lang tcl># Generate random integer uniformly on range [0..$n-1] proc random n {expr {int(rand() * $n)}}
- Generate a shuffled deck of all cards; the card encoding was stolen from the
- Perl6 solution. This is done once and then used as a constant. Note that the
- rest of the code assumes that all cards in the deck are unique.
set ::AllCards [apply {{} {
set cards {}
foreach color {1 2 4} {
foreach symbol {1 2 4} { foreach number {1 2 4} { foreach shading {1 2 4} { lappend cards [list $color $symbol $number $shading] } } }
}
# Knuth-Morris-Pratt shuffle (not that it matters)
for {set i [llength $cards]} {$i > 0} {} {
set j [random $i] set tmp [lindex $cards [incr i -1]] lset cards $i [lindex $cards $j] lset cards $j $tmp
} return $cards
}}]
- Randomly pick a hand of cards from the deck (itself in a global for
- convenience).
proc drawCards n {
set cards $::AllCards; # Copies...
for {set i 0} {$i < $n} {incr i} {
set idx [random [llength $cards]] lappend hand [lindex $cards $idx] set cards [lreplace $cards $idx $idx]
} return $hand
}
- Test if a particular group of three cards is a valid set
proc isValidSet {a b c} {
expr {
([lindex $a 0]|[lindex $b 0]|[lindex $c 0]) in {1 2 4 7} && ([lindex $a 1]|[lindex $b 1]|[lindex $c 1]) in {1 2 4 7} && ([lindex $a 2]|[lindex $b 2]|[lindex $c 2]) in {1 2 4 7} && ([lindex $a 3]|[lindex $b 3]|[lindex $c 3]) in {1 2 4 7}
}
}
- Get all unique valid sets of three cards in a hand.
proc allValidSets {hand} {
set sets {}
for {set i 0} {$i < [llength $hand]} {incr i} {
set a [lindex $hand $i] set hand [set cards2 [lreplace $hand $i $i]] for {set j 0} {$j < [llength $cards2]} {incr j} { set b [lindex $cards2 $j] set cards2 [set cards3 [lreplace $cards2 $j $j]] foreach c $cards3 { if {[isValidSet $a $b $c]} { lappend sets [list $a $b $c] } } }
} return $sets
}
- Solve a particular version of the set puzzle, by picking random hands until
- one is found that satisfies the constraints. This is usually much faster
- than a systematic search. On success, returns the hand found and the card
- sets within that hand.
proc SetPuzzle {numCards numSets} {
while 1 {
set hand [drawCards $numCards] set sets [allValidSets $hand] if {[llength $sets] == $numSets} { break }
} return [list $hand $sets]
}</lang> Demonstrating: <lang tcl># Render a hand (or any list) of cards (the "."s are just placeholders). proc PrettyHand {hand {separator \n}} {
set Co {. red green . purple}
set Sy {. oval squiggle . diamond}
set Nu {. one two . three}
set Sh {. solid open . striped}
foreach card $hand {
lassign $card co s n sh lappend result [format "(%s,%s,%s,%s)" \ [lindex $Co $co] [lindex $Sy $s] [lindex $Nu $n] [lindex $Sh $sh]]
} return $separator[join $result $separator]
}
- Render the output of the Set Puzzle solver.
proc PrettyOutput {setResult} {
lassign $setResult hand sets
set sep "\n "
puts "Hand (with [llength $hand] cards) was:[PrettyHand $hand $sep]"
foreach s $sets {
puts "Found set [incr n]:[PrettyHand $s $sep]"
}
}
- Demonstrate on the two cases
puts "=== BASIC PUZZLE =========" PrettyOutput [SetPuzzle 9 4] puts "=== ADVANCED PUZZLE ======" PrettyOutput [SetPuzzle 12 6]</lang>
- Sample output:
=== BASIC PUZZLE ========= Hand (with 9 cards) was: (purple,squiggle,one,solid) (green,diamond,two,striped) (green,oval,two,striped) (purple,diamond,three,striped) (red,oval,three,open) (green,squiggle,three,solid) (red,squiggle,one,solid) (red,oval,one,solid) (purple,oval,three,open) Found set 1: (purple,squiggle,one,solid) (green,diamond,two,striped) (red,oval,three,open) Found set 2: (green,oval,two,striped) (purple,oval,three,open) (red,oval,one,solid) Found set 3: (red,oval,three,open) (green,squiggle,three,solid) (purple,diamond,three,striped) Found set 4: (red,squiggle,one,solid) (green,diamond,two,striped) (purple,oval,three,open) === ADVANCED PUZZLE ====== Hand (with 12 cards) was: (green,diamond,two,open) (red,diamond,one,solid) (purple,diamond,one,solid) (red,squiggle,two,open) (green,diamond,three,open) (red,oval,two,striped) (red,diamond,two,solid) (purple,diamond,two,striped) (purple,diamond,three,open) (purple,diamond,three,striped) (purple,oval,three,open) (purple,squiggle,two,striped) Found set 1: (green,diamond,two,open) (red,diamond,one,solid) (purple,diamond,three,striped) Found set 2: (green,diamond,two,open) (purple,diamond,two,striped) (red,diamond,two,solid) Found set 3: (purple,diamond,one,solid) (purple,diamond,three,open) (purple,diamond,two,striped) Found set 4: (purple,diamond,one,solid) (purple,oval,three,open) (purple,squiggle,two,striped) Found set 5: (green,diamond,three,open) (red,diamond,one,solid) (purple,diamond,two,striped) Found set 6: (red,diamond,two,solid) (red,oval,two,striped) (red,squiggle,two,open)
zkl
<lang zkl>const nDraw=9, nGoal=(nDraw/2); // Basic var [const] UH=Utils.Helpers; // baked in stash of goodies deck:=Walker.cproduct("red green purple".split(), // Cartesian product of 4 lists of lists "one two three".split(), // T(1,2,3) (ie numbers) also works "oval squiggle diamond".split(), "solid open striped".split()).walk(); reg draw,sets,N=0; do{ N+=1;
draw=deck.shuffle()[0,nDraw]; // one draw per shuffle
sets=UH.pickNFrom(3,draw) // 84 sets of 3 cards (each with 4 features)
.filter(fcn(set){ // list of 12 items (== 3 cards)
set[0,4].zip(set[4,4],set[8,4]) // -->4 tuples of 3 features
.pump(List,UH.listUnique,"len", // 1,3 (good) or 2 (bad) '==(2)) // (F,F,F,F)==good .sum(0) == 0 // all 4 feature sets good }); }while(sets.len()!=nGoal);
println("Dealt %d cards %d times:".fmt(draw.len(),N)); draw.pump(Void,fcn(card){ println(("%8s "*4).fmt(card.xplode())) }); println("\nContaining:"); sets.pump(Void,fcn(card){ println((("%8s "*4 + "\n")*3).fmt(card.xplode())) });</lang>
- Output:
Dealt 9 cards 271 times:
red one oval solid
green one diamond striped
red two oval open
purple two squiggle striped
green three diamond open
purple three squiggle solid
purple one diamond striped
green three squiggle solid
green one squiggle open
Containing:
red one oval solid
purple two squiggle striped
green three diamond open
red one oval solid
purple one diamond striped
green one squiggle open
green one diamond striped
red two oval open
purple three squiggle solid
red two oval open
purple one diamond striped
green three squiggle solid