Segmentation fault protection

Segmentation fault protection is a draft programming task. It is not yet considered ready to be promoted as a complete task, for reasons that should be found in its talk page.

A segmentation fault or segfault is an error that your computer will raise if a program attempts to access memory that it's not supposed to, for example, trying to write to executable code or read-only memory, dereferencing a null pointer, etc. Often this happens when an array is indexed out-of bounds, such as (for example) trying to read element 500 of an array with only 6 entries (see the pseudocode example below):

myArray = {1,2,3,4,5,6};
myVariable = myArray[500];        //causes a segfault

Although this seems like a silly example, it's a lot more common than those who are new to programming may think, and different languages have different safeguards in place for preventing this kind of thing from happening. Some languages would refuse to compile the above example, some will give you a warning and run anyway, and others may not even care at all.

Task

Showcase what built-in protections your language has for segmentation faults, if any. If your language doesn't have any, show what happens when your program commits a segmentation fault. (Be safe and don't destroy your computer!)