Read entire file: Difference between revisions

{{trans|Python}}

 

 

=={{header|8th}}==

The "slurp" word will read the entire contents of the file into memory, as-is, and give a "buffer". The ">s" converts that to a string, again "as-is"

"somefile.txt" f:slurp >s

 

=={{header|Action!}}==

char array STRING

open (1,"D:FILE.TXT",4,0)

return

 

 

=={{header|Ada}}==

and then Ada.Direct_IO to read the whole file in one chunk:

 

Ada.Direct_IO,

Ada.Text_IO;

 

Ada.Text_IO.Put (Contents);

 

This kind of solution is limited a bit by the fact that the GNAT implementation of Ada.Direct_IO first allocates a copy of the read object on the stack inside Ada.Direct_IO.Read. On Linux you can use the command "<code>limit stacksize 1024M</code>" to increase the available stack for your processes to 1Gb, which gives your program more freedom to use the stack for allocating objects.

Mapping the whole file into the address space of your process and then overlaying the file with a String object.

 

POSIX.IO,

POSIX.Memory_Mapping,

Length => Text_Size);

Close (File => Text_File);

 

Character encodings and their handling are not really specified in Ada. What Ada does specify is three different character types (and corresponding string types):

 

'''In official/standard ALGOL 68 only:'''

BOOK book;

 

INT errno = open(book file, "book.txt", stand in channel);

 

 

Once a "book" has been read into a '''book''' array it can still be associated

 

'''In official/standard ALGOL 68 only:'''

 

=={{header|Amazing Hopper}}==

<p>Hopper only stores 1 BM of characters for each string variable. If the file to be read "all at once" exceeds that size, the file can be read, and every 1MB saved in a row of a dynamic array of strings, using the PUSH instruction for each portion read. In this way, it is possible to work with portions of a file.</p>

<p>For now, only a simple version is shown.</p>

#include <hopper.h>

 

println ( "File loaded:\n",s )

exit(0)

{{out}}

<pre>

 

=={{header|AppleScript}}==

 

-- short way: open, read and close in one step

set fileRef to open for access pathToTextFile

set fileContent to read fileRef

 

=={{header|Arturo}}==

 

=={{header|ATS}}==

There are various functions in the ATS prelude, including this one that is based on fread(3) and returns Strptr1:

Because Strptr1 is a NUL-terminated string, fileref_get_file_string cannot be used for data that contains bytes equal to zero.

 

=={{header|AutoHotkey}}==

This script works fine as-is provided C:\filename.txt exists.

 

=={{header|AutoIt}}==

$fileOpen = FileOpen("file.txt")

$fileRead = FileRead($fileOpen)

FileClose($fileOpen)

 

=={{header|AWK}}==

BEGIN {

## empty record separate,

## no further line is read printed

print "=== line "NR,":",$0;

 

{{works with|gawk}}

#!/usr/bin/awk -f

 

 

}

 

=={{header|BaCon}}==

For string data:

 

 

For memory mapped binary data:

 

PRINT "First two bytes are: ", PEEK(binary), " ", PEEK(binary+1)

 

=={{header|BASIC}}==

{{works with|QBasic}}

 

OPEN "file.txt" FOR BINARY AS 1

f = SPACE$(LOF(1))

GET #1, 1, f

 

==={{header|Commodore BASIC}}===

20 rem should avoid reading an entire file at once if the file is large

30 rem ================================

120 next

130 close 4

 

=={{header|BBC BASIC}}==

In [[BBC BASIC for Windows]] and [[Brandy BASIC]] the maximum string length is 65535 characters.

strvar$ = ""

WHILE NOT EOF#file%

strvar$ += CHR$(BGET#file%)

ENDWHILE

API version:

{{works with|BBC BASIC for Windows}}

strvar$ = STRING$(EXT#file%, " ")

SYS "ReadFile", @hfile%(file%), !^strvar$, EXT#file%, ^temp%, 0

 

=={{header|Bracmat}}==

=={{header|Brainf***}}==

While the language certainly doesn't support strings in the traditional sense, relaxing the definition to mean any contiguous sequence of null-terminated bytes permits a reasonable facsimile. This <tt>cat</tt> program eschews the simpler byte-by-byte approach (<tt>,[.,]</tt>) to demonstrate the technique.

,[>,] Read into successive cells until EOF

<[<] Go all the way back to the beginning

{{out}}

<pre>$ curl -Ls rosettacode.org | bf ">,[>,]<[<]>[.>]"

 

=={{header|Brat}}==

 

 

=={{header|C}}==

It is not possible to specify encodings: the file is read as binary data (on some system, the <tt>b</tt> flag is ignored and there's no difference between <tt>"r"</tt> and <tt>"rb"</tt>; on others, it changes the way the "new lines" are treated, but this should not affect <tt>fread</tt>)

#include <stdlib.h>

 

}

return EXIT_SUCCESS;

 

=== Memory map ===

We can memory-map the file.

 

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <sys/mman.h>

close(fd);

return EXIT_SUCCESS;

 

{{works with|Windows}}

Memory map on Windows. See MSDN, starting with '''[https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa366556.aspx File Mapping]'''. In practice, it would be necessary to check for errors, and to take care of large files. Also, this example is using a view on the whole file, but it's possible to create a smaller view.

 

#include <stdio.h>

 

CloseHandle(hFile);

return 0;

 

=={{header|C sharp}}==

{{works with|C sharp|3.0}}

 

 

class Program

// Can optionally take a second parameter to specify the encoding, e.g. File.ReadAllText("c:\\autoexec.bat", Encoding.UTF8)

}

 

=={{header|C++}}==

#include <fstream>

#include <string>

}

}

 

=={{header|Clojure}}==

The core function ''slurp'' does the trick; you can specify an encoding as an optional second argument:

 

=={{header|CMake}}==

Sets a variable named ''string''.

 

 

This works with text files, but fails with binary files that contain NUL characters. CMake truncates the string at the first NUL character, and there is no way to detect this truncation.

The only way to read binary files is to use the ''HEX'' keyword to convert the entire file to a hexadecimal string.

 

 

=={{header|Common Lisp}}==

The following will read and store the file as a sequence of bytes.

 

(with-open-file (stream path)

(let ((data (make-string (file-length stream))))

(read-sequence data stream)

The macro '''with-open-file''' could be passed ''':external-format :utf-8''' on some implementations (which it would pass on to '''open''') so that reading would occur by unicode character but '''(file-length stream)''' would continue to return the number of bytes, not characters, necessary for storing it.

 

The simplest way to read an entire file to a string is by using File.read:

 

 

{{out}}

The encoding is UTF-8 by default, but it can be explicitly specified:

 

 

or

 

 

File.open allows for more options and closes the file implicitly. Combine it with File#gets_to_end to read the entire file:

 

file.gets_to_end

 

Or no implicit closing at all with File.new:

 

content = file.gets_to_end

 

=={{header|D}}==

 

void main() {

// To read a whole file into a validated UTF-8 string:

string txt = readText("unixdict.txt");

 

=={{header|Delphi}}==

Using TStringList

 

 

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

lList.Free;

end;

 

 

'''Works with''': Delphi 2010 and above

 

 

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

Writeln(TFile.ReadAllText('C:\autoexec.bat', TEncoding.ASCII));

Readln;

 

=={{header|Déjà Vu}}==

To get a string from a file, you need to explicitly decode the binary blob that is read. Currently only UTF-8 is supported by <code>vu</code>.

 

=={{header|E}}==

 

 

The file is assumed to be in the default encoding.

 

=={{header|Elixir}}==

File returns a tuple: {:ok, file} is successful or {:error, reason} if unsuccessful. Errors can be caught and turned into error strings via Erlang's :file.format_error function.

 

defmodule FileReader do

# Read in the file

end

end

 

=={{header|Emacs Lisp}}==

<code>insert-file-contents</code> does all Emacs' usual character coding, magic file names, decompression, format decoding, etc. (<code>insert-file-contents-literally</code> can avoid that if unwanted.)

 

(insert-file-contents "foo.txt")

 

(If an existing buffer is visiting the file, perhaps yet unsaved, it may be helpful to take its contents instead of re-reading the file. <code>find-buffer-visiting</code> can locate such a buffer.)

 

=={{header|Erlang}}==

 

This reads the entire file into a binary object.

The openEuphoria team is/was working on supporting it. It may have been implemented by now.''

 

function load_file(sequence filename)

integer fn,c

return data

end function

 

=={{header|F Sharp|F#}}==

open System.IO

let data = File.ReadAllText(filename)

 

=={{header|Factor}}==

 

 

! to read entire file as binary

 

! to read entire file as lines of text

 

=={{header|Fantom}}==

Provide the filename to read from as a command-line parameter.

class ReadString

{

}

}

 

=={{header|Forth}}==

{{works with|GNU Forth}}

 

=={{header|Fortran}}==

Reading the entire source file in memory, then printing it. It relies on the SIZE attribute of the INQUIRE statement returning the size of the file in bytes, whereupon the ALLOCATE statement prepares a variable of the right size to receive the whole content. This SIZE facility was introduced with F2003, and prior to F90 there was no ALLOCATE facility: the size of variables was fixed at compile time.

 

implicit none

integer :: n

print "(A)", s

 

=== Intel Fortran on Windows ===

Here is a solution using the Windows API to create a memory map of a file. It is used to print the source code of the program on the console.

 

use kernel32

use iso_c_binding

s = CloseHandle(hMap)

s = CloseHandle(hFile)

 

=={{header|FreeBASIC}}==

 

Open "input.txt" For Input Encoding "ascii" As #1

buffer = "" '' release memory used by setting buffer to empty

Close #1

 

=={{header|Frink}}==

The read[URL] function reads the entire contents of a URL. The encoding can be specified if necessary.

a = read["file:yourfile.txt"]

b = read["file:yourfile.txt", "UTF-8"]

 

=={{header|FutureBasic}}==

 

 

local fn ReadTextFile

end fn

 

fn ReadTextFile

 

 

=={{header|Gambas}}==

Dim sFile As String

 

sFile = File.Load(User.home &/ "file.txt")

 

 

=={{header|GAP}}==

s := ReadAll(f);; # two semicolons to hide the result, which may be long

 

=={{header|Genie}}==

/*

Read entire file, in Genie

return

 

 

{{out}}

The conversion in the next line from byte array to string also makes no changes to the data.

In the example below <tt>sv</tt> will have an exact copy of the data in the file, without regard to encoding.

 

data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filename)

Go also supports memory mapped files on OSes with a mmap syscall (e.g. Unix-like).

The following prints the contents of "file".

(The included "build constraint" prevents this from being compiled on architectures known to lack <tt>syscall.Mmap</tt>, another source file with the opposite build constraint could use <tt>ioutil.ReadFile</tt> as above).

 

package main

}

fmt.Println(string(data))

 

=={{header|Groovy}}==

 

=={{header|GUISS}}==

 

 

=={{header|Haskell}}==

In the IO monad:

 

 

Note that <code>readFile</code> is lazy. If you want to ensure the entire file is read in at once, before any other IO actions are run, try:

 

eagerReadFile filepath = do

text <- readFile filepath

 

=={{header|Icon}} and {{header|Unicon}}==

The first code snippet below reads from stdin directly into the string fs,

preserving line separators (if any) and reading in large chunks.

The second code snippet below performs the same operation using an intermediate list fL and applying a function (e.g. FUNC) to each line. Use this form when you need to perform additional string functions such as 'trim' or 'map' on each line. This avoids unnecessary garbage collections which will occur with larger files. The list can be discarded when done. Line separators are mapped into newlines.

every (fs := "") ||:= !fL || "\n"

 

=={{header|Inform 7}}==

 

{{works with|Glulx virtual machine}}

 

The File of Testing is called "test".

When play begins:

say "[text of the File of Testing]";

 

=={{header|J}}==

 

 

To memory map the file:

 

 

Caution: updating the value of the memory mapped variable will update the file, and this characteristic remains when the variable's value is passed, unmodified, to a verb which modifies its own local variables.

 

=={{header|Java}}==

There is no single method to do this in Java 6 and below (probably because reading an entire file at once could fill up your memory quickly), so to do this you could simply append the contents as you read them into a buffer.

import java.io.FileReader;

import java.io.IOException;

return contents.toString();

}

 

One can memory-map the file in Java, but there's little to gain if one is to create a String out of the file:

 

import java.nio.channels.FileChannel.MapMode;

import java.nio.MappedByteBuffer;

return buffer;

}

 

or one can take a shortcut:

this works because Scanner will search the file for a delimiter and return everything before that. <code>\A</code> is the beginning of the file, which it will never find until the end of the file is reached.

 

{{works with|Java|7+}}

Java 7 added <code>java.nio.file.Files</code> which has two methods for accomplishing this task: <code>Files.readAllLines</code> and <code>Files.readAllBytes</code>:

import java.nio.charset.Charset;

import java.nio.file.*;

return Files.readAllBytes(file);

}

 

=={{header|JavaScript}}==

This works in IExplorer or a standalone js file. Note the similarity to the VBScript code.

var f=fso.OpenTextFile("c:\\myfile.txt",1);

var s=f.ReadAll();

f.Close();

 

The following works in all browsers, including IE10.

if (file) {

var reader = new FileReader();

alert(event);

}

 

=={{header|jq}}==

The . filter will read in a file of raw text, e.g. if the file is named input.txt and we wanted to emit it as a single JSON string:

In practice, this is probably not very useful. It would be more typical to collect the raw lines into an array of JSON strings.

 

 

Other cases can be similarly handled.

 

=={{header|Jsish}}==

 

From the shell:

=={{header|Julia}}==

The built-in function <code>read</code>, when used with a second argument of String, reads the whole file named by its first argument into a string (assuming UTF8 encoding).

Alternatively, for files that are too large to read into memory without swapping, there are a variety of ways to memory-map the file, for example as an array of bytes:

 

=={{header|KAP}}==

 

The built-in function <code>io:readFile</code> will read the entire content of the file as a string:

 

 

The function <code>io:read</code> can be used to return all the lines in the file as an array:

 

 

=={{header|Kotlin}}==

 

fun main(args: Array<String>) {

println(File("unixdict.txt").readText(charset = Charsets.UTF_8))

 

=={{header|LabVIEW}}==

 

=={{header|Lang5}}==

 

=={{header|Lasso}}==

By default, string objects, which are always Unicode, are created with the assumption that the file contains UTF-8 encoded data. This assumption can be changed by settings the file objects’s character encoding value. When reading the data as a bytes object, the unaltered file data is returned.

 

 

=={{header|LFE}}==

 

(set `#(ok ,data) (file:read_file "myfile.txt"))

 

=={{header|Liberty BASIC}}==

if file$<>"" then

open file$ for input as #1

close #1

print entire$

 

=={{header|Lingo}}==

-- Reads whole file, returns string

-- @param {string} tFile

fp.closeFile()

return res

 

=={{header|LiveCode}}==

 

Using URL

 

Using file open + read + close

put "/usr/share/dict/words" into tFile

open file tFile for text read

read from file tFile until EOF

put the number of lines of it -- file contents held in "it" variable

 

=={{header|Lua}}==

--If the file opens with no problems, io.open will return a

--handle to the file with methods attached.

--garbage collected.

file:close()

 

=={{header|M2000 Interpreter}}==

Module checkit {

\\ prepare a file

}

checkit

 

=={{header|M4}}==

An approximation to file reading can be had by <code>include()</code> which reads a file as M4 input. If it's inside a <code>define()</code> then the input is captured as a definition. But this is extremely limited since any macro names, parens, commas, quote characters etc in the file will expand and upset the capture.

 

defn(`foo')

 

=={{header|Make}}==

{{works with|GNU make}}

This is [http://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/html_node/Shell-Function.html from the GNU Make manual]. As noted there, newlines are converted to spaces in the <code>$(contents)</code> variable. This might be acceptable for files which are a list of words anyway.

 

=={{header|Maple}}==

First solution:

s1 := readbytes( "file1.txt", infinity, TEXT ):

Second solution:

s2 := FileTools:-Text:-ReadFile( "file2.txt" ):

 

=={{header|Mathematica}}/{{header|Wolfram Language}}==

 

=={{header|MATLAB}} / {{header|Octave}}==

[str,count] = fread(fid, [1,inf], 'uint8=>char'); % s will be a character array, count has the number of bytes

 

=={{header|Mercury}}==

:- interface.

 

io.stderr_stream(Stderr, !IO),

io.write_string(Stderr, io.error_message(IO_Error) ++ "\n", !IO)

 

=={{header|Microsoft Small Basic}}==

 

=={{header|Nanoquery}}==

 

=={{header|Neko}}==

Read entire file

Tectonics:

} catch e {

$print("Exception: ", e, "\n");

 

{{out}}

 

=={{header|NetRexx}}==

options replace format comments java crossref symbols nobinary

 

 

return slurped

 

=={{header|NewLISP}}==

 

=={{header|Nim}}==

To read the content of a file specified by its name:

To read the contents of an opened file:

 

=={{header|Objeck}}==

string := FileReader->ReadFile("in.txt");

 

=={{header|Objective-C}}==

/*** 0. PREPARATION */

// We need a text file to read; let's redirect a C string to a new file

NSLog(@"%@", aString);

}

 

=={{header|OCaml}}==

For most uses we can use this function:

 

let ic = open_in f in

let n = in_channel_length ic in

really_input ic s 0 n;

close_in ic;

 

We can replace the last line with the one below if we want to return a type <code>string</code> instead of <code>bytes</code>:

 

There is no problem reading an entire file with the function <code>really_input</code> because this function is implemented appropriately with an internal loop, but it can only load files which size is equal or inferior to the maximum length of an ocaml string. This maximum size is available with the variable <code>Sys.max_string_length</code>. On 32 bit machines this size is about 16Mo.

To load bigger files several solutions exist, for example create a structure that contains several strings where the contents of the file can be split. Or another solution that is often used is to use a bigarray of chars instead of a string:

 

 

The function below returns the contents of a file with this type <code>big_string</code>, and it does so with "memory-mapping":

 

let fd = Unix.openfile filename [Unix.O_RDONLY] 0o640 in

let len = Unix.lseek fd 0 Unix.SEEK_END in

Bigarray.char Bigarray.c_layout shared len in

Unix.close fd;

 

Then the length of the data can be get with <code>Bigarray.Array1.dim</code> instead of <code>String.length</code>, and we can access to a given char with the syntactic sugar <code>bstr.{i}</code> (instead of <code>str.[i]</code>) as shown in the small piece of code below (similar to the cat command):

 

let bstr = load_big_file Sys.argv.(1) in

let len = Bigarray.Array1.dim bstr in

let c = bstr.{i} in

print_char c

 

 

 

=={{header|ooRexx}}==

===version 1===

myStream = .stream~new(file)

 

Streams are opened on demand and closed when the script finishes.

It is possible if you wish to open and close the streams explicitly

 

myStream = .stream~new(file)

if mystream~open('read') = 'READY:'

myString = myStream~charIn(,myStream~chars)

myStream~close

 

===version 2 EXECIO===

One can also use EXECIO as it is known from VM/CMS and MVS/TSO:

Say in.0 'lines in file st.in'

v=''

End

say 'v='v

{{out}}

<pre>E:\>rexx ref

v=address hostemu 'execio * diskr "./st.in" (finis stem in.'Say in.0Do i=1 To in

.0 Say i '>'in.i'<' End::requires "hostemu" LIBRARY

</pre>

 

=={{header|Oz}}==

The interface for file operations is object-oriented.

FileHandle = {New Open.file init(name:"test.txt")}

FileContents = {FileHandle read(size:all list:$)}

in

{FileHandle close}

<code>FileContents</code> is a list of bytes. The operation does not assume any particular encoding.

 

=={{header|Panda}}==

It returns a unicode string of type 'text'.

 

=={{header|PARI/GP}}==

<code>readstr()</code> returns a vector of strings which are the file lines, without newlines. They can be concatenated to make a single string.

 

 

Since <code>readstr()</code> returns strings without newlines there's no way to tell whether the last line had a newline or not. This is fine for its intended use on text files, but not good for reading binary files.

The modern recommended way, is using one of these CPAN modules:

 

 

Traditional ways, without CPAN modules:

 

my $text;

read $fh, $text, -s $filename;

{

local $/ = undef;

$text = <$fh>;

close $fh;

 

For a one-liner from shell, use <code>-0[code]</code>. It normally specifies the oct char code of record separator (<code>$/</code>), so for example <code>perl -n -040</code> would read chunks of text ending at each space (<code>$/ = ' '</code>). However, <code>-0777</code> has special meaning: <code>$/ = undef</code>, so the whole file is read in at once (<code>chr 0777</code> happens to be "ǿ", but Larry doesn't think one should use that as record separator).

 

===Memory-mapping===

map_file(my $str, "foo.txt");

 

Sys::Mmap->new(my $str, 0, 'foo.txt')

or die "Cannot Sys::Mmap->new: $!";

 

<code>File::Map</code> has the advantage of not requiring an explicit <code>munmap()</code>. Its tie is faster than the tie form of <code>Sys::Mmap</code> too.

=={{header|Phix}}==

{{libheader|Phix/basics}}

<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">get_text</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">command_line</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">()[</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">])</span>

{{out}}

<pre>

=={{header|PHP}}==

Read as string

Read as array, one element per line

 

=={{header|PicoLisp}}==

Using '[http://software-lab.de/doc/refT.html#till till]' is the shortest way:

To read the file into a list of characters:

or, more explicit:

Encoding is always assumed to be UTF-8.

 

=={{header|Pike}}==

would be the generic way of reading an entire file, but there is also a special function for it:

 

=={{header|PL/I}}==

get file (in) edit ((substr(s, i, 1) do i = 1 to 32767)) (a);

 

=={{header|PowerShell}}==

This will only detect Unicode correctly with a BOM in place (even for UTF-8). With explicit selection of encoding:

However, both return an array of strings which is fine for pipeline use but if a single string is desired the array needs to be joined:

 

=={{header|PureBasic}}==

A file can be read with any of the built in commands

Length.i = ReadData(#File, *MemoryBuffer, LengthToRead)

Number.c = ReadCharacter(#File)

Number.q = ReadQuad(#File)

Text$ = ReadString(#File [, Flags])

If the file is s pure text file (no CR/LF etc.), this will work and will read each line untill EOL is found.

Variable$=ReadString(0)

CloseFile(0)

Since PureBasic terminates strings with a #NULL and also split the ReadString() is encountering new line chars, any file containing these must be treated as a data stream.

Pattern$="Text (.txt)|*.txt|All files (*.*)|*.*"

fileName$ = OpenFileRequester(Title$,"",Pattern$,0)

CloseFile(0)

EndIf

 

=={{header|Python}}==

 

 

This returns a byte string and does not assume any particular encoding.

In Python 3 strings are in unicode, you can specify encoding when reading:

 

 

Python docs recommend dealing with files using the with statement:

 

 

Starting in Python 3.4, we can use <code>pathlib</code> to reduce boilerplate:

 

 

any_string = Path(filename).read_text(encoding='utf-8')

 

=={{header|Quackery}}==

<code>sharefile</code> takes a file name in a string as an argument, appends a file path if there is one on the ancillary stack <code>filepath</code>, and returns the contents of the file as a string, and <code>1</code> (i.e. true) if the file exists. If the file does not exist it returns the name of the file and <code>0</code> (i.e. false).

 

 

=={{header|Q}}==

 

"First line of file"

"Second line of file"

 

=={{header|R}}==

 

 

=={{header|Racket}}==

 

 

=={{header|Raku}}==

 

{{works with|Rakudo|2010.07}}

 

The default encoding is UTF-8. The <tt>:enc</tt> adverb can be used to specify a different one:

 

 

<tt>IO::Path</tt> objects also provide <tt>slurp</tt> as a method:

 

=={{header|Raven}}==

or

$handle read as $content_as_string

 

=={{header|REALbasic}}==

This function accepts a file (FolderItem object) and an optional TextEncoding class. If the TextEncoding is not defined, then REALbasic defaults to UTF-8. Since it is intended for cross-platform development, REALbasic has a number of built-in tools for working with different text encodings, line terminators, etc. [http://docs.realsoftware.com/index.php/TextEncoding]

Function readFile(theFile As FolderItem, txtEncode As TextEncoding = Nil) As String

Dim fileContents As String

MsgBox("File Not Found.")

End Function

 

=={{header|REBOL}}==

 

=={{header|Retro}}==

 

=={{header|REXX}}==

===using LINEIN===

parse arg iFID . /*obtain optional argument from the CL.*/

if iFID=='' then iFID= 'a_file' /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/

do while lines(iFID)\==0 /*read the file's lines until finished.*/

$=$ || linein(iFID) /*append a (file's) line to the string,*/

 

===using CHARIN===

Note that CRLF are in the resulting string.

Parse Version v

iFID = 'st.in' /*name of the input file. */

say 'v='v

say 'length(v)='length(v)

{{out}}

<pre>E:\>rexx refc

 

=={{header|Ring}}==

# Read the file

cStr = read("myfile.txt")

# print the file content

See cStr

 

Also in one line we can read and print the file content.

 

cStr = read("myfile.txt") See cStr

 

We can avoid the string, but it's required in the task.

 

See read("myfile.txt")

 

=={{header|Ruby}}==

IO.read is for text files. It uses the default text encodings, and on Microsoft Windows, it also converts "\r\n" to "\n".

 

str = IO.read "foobar.txt"

 

# It can also read a subprocess.

 

''Caution!'' IO.read and File.read take a portname. To open an arbitrary path (which might start with "|"), you must use File.open, then IO#read.

 

 

To read a binary file, open it in binary mode.

 

 

Ruby 1.9 can read text files in different encodings.

 

{{works with|Ruby|1.9}}

str = File.open(path, "r:euc-jp") {|f| f.read}

 

# Read EUC-JP text from file; transcode text from EUC-JP to UTF-8.

 

=={{header|Run BASIC}}==

fileLen = LOF(#f)

a$ = input$(#f, fileLen)

print a$

 

=={{header|Rust}}==

 

use std::io::Read;

 

let filestr = String::from_utf8(contents).unwrap();

println!("{}", filestr);

 

=={{header|Scala}}==

{{libheader|Scala}}

val fileLines =

try scala.io.Source.fromFile("my_file.txt", "UTF-8").mkString catch {

case e: java.io.FileNotFoundException => e.getLocalizedMessage()

}

 

=={{header|Scheme}}==

Uses SRFI-13:

(lambda ()

(reverse-list->string

(if (eof-object? char)

result

 

Works with Chicken Scheme:

 

In GNU Guile, with decoding into Unicode code points:

 

=={{header|Seed7}}==

defines the function [http://seed7.sourceforge.net/libraries/getf.htm#getf%28in_string%29 getf],

which reads a whole file into a string:

include "getf.s7i";

 

begin

fileContent := getf("text.txt");

 

=={{header|SenseTalk}}==

 

=={{header|Sidef}}==

Reading an entire file as a string, can be achieved with the '''FileHandle.slurp()''' method, as illustrated bellow:

var content = file.open_r.slurp;

 

Starting with version 2.30, ''File.read()'' can do the same:

var content = file.read(:utf8)

 

=={{header|Smalltalk}}==

{{works with|Pharo}}

{{works with|Smalltalk/X}}

 

=={{header|SNOBOL4}}==

In SNOBOL4, file I/O is done by associating a variable with the desired file, via the input() built-in function. After the association, each reference to the named variable provides as the variable's value the next block or line of data from the corresponding file. The exact format of the input() function parameters tends to vary based on the implementation in use. In this example, the code reads the file in blocks of 512k bytes (or less) until the entire file has been read into one long string in memory.

 

rdlp buf = inbin :s(rdlp)

*

* now process the 'buf' containing the file

*

 

=={{header|Sparkling}}==

 

=={{header|SPL}}==

 

=={{header|Standard ML}}==

(fn strm =>

 

=={{header|Stata}}==

It's possible to get the entire content as an array of lines with '''[http://www.stata.com/help.cgi?mf_cat cat]'''. However, here we want a single string. See '''[http://www.stata.com/help.cgi?mf_fopen fopen]''' and related functions.

 

f = fopen("somedata.txt", "r")

fseek(f, 0, 1)

s = fread(f, n)

fclose(f)

 

=={{header|Swift}}==

 

let path = "~/input.txt".stringByExpandingTildeInPath

if let string = String(contentsOfFile: path, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding) {

println(string) // print contents of file

 

=={{header|Tcl}}==

This reads the data in as text, applying the default encoding translations.

set data [read $f]

To read the data in as uninterpreted bytes, either use <code>fconfigure</code> to put the handle into binary mode before reading, or (from Tcl 8.5 onwards) do this:

set data [read $f]

 

=={{header|TUSCRIPT}}==

$$ MODE TUSCRIPT

ERROR/STOP OPEN ("rosetta.txt",READ,-std-)

var=FILE ("rosetta.txt")

 

=={{header|TXR}}==

 

@(freeform)

@LINE

 

The freeform directive in TXR causes the remaining lines of the text stream

we tell 'printf' to add an extra newline.

 

 

 

Some shells provide a shortcut to read a file without starting a 'cat' process.

{{works with|pdksh}}

 

 

{{works with|zsh}}

alternatively

 

=={{header|Ursa}}==

decl file f

f.open "filename.txt"

 

=={{header|Vala}}==

string file_contents;

FileUtils.get_contents("foo.txt", out file_contents);

 

=={{header|VBScript}}==

Read text file with default encoding into variable and display

s = createobject("scripting.filesystemobject").opentextfile("slurp.vbs",1).readall

 

Read text file with UTF-16 encoding into memory and display

 

=={{header|Vedit macro language}}==

 

Read file into edit buffer. The buffer is allocated automatically:

 

Read file into text register 10:

 

=={{header|Visual Basic}}==

{{works with|Visual Basic|5}}

{{works with|Visual Basic|6}}

ByVal CodePage As Long, _

ByVal dwFlags As Long, _

Close #fn

Debug.Print s

 

=={{header|Visual Basic .NET}}==

 

Public Class Form1

End Sub

 

 

=={{header|Wart}}==

with outstring

whilet line (read_line)

 

=={{header|Wren}}==

For the following script, a file called "input.txt" has been created which contains the string "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".

 

 

{{out}}

The command line is: readfile <readfile.xpl

 

string 0; \use zero-terminated string convention

int I;

SetHp(Str+I+1); \set heap pointer beyond Str (not really needed here)

Text(0, Str); \show file as a string

 

{{Out}}

 

=={{header|Xtend}}==

package com.rosetta.example

 

}

}

 

=={{header|Yorick}}==

Each array element is one line.

Each line's trailing newline is removed.

This loads foo.txt into ''content'' as a single scalar string, without losing newlines.

raw = array(char, sizeof(f));

_read, f, 0, raw;

close, f;

 

=={{header|zkl}}==

 

The file parameters are the same as C's