Miller–Rabin primality test: Difference between revisions
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// is_prime() checks the passed-in number against many known small primes. |
// is_prime() checks the passed-in number against many known small primes. |
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// If that doesn't determine if the number is prime or not, then the number |
// If that doesn't determine if the number is prime or not, then the number |
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return false |
return false |
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} |
} |
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let small_primes = vec![2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, |
let small_primes = vec![2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, |
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47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97, 101, |
47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97, 101, |
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919, 929, 937, 941, 947, 953, 967, 971, 977, 983, |
919, 929, 937, 941, 947, 953, 967, 971, 977, 983, |
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991, 997, 1009, 1013]; |
991, 997, 1009, 1013]; |
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use num::traits::Zero; // for Zero::zero() |
use num::traits::Zero; // for Zero::zero() |
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// Check to see if our number is a small prime (which means it's prime), |
// Check to see if our number is a small prime (which means it's prime), |
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// or a multiple of a small prime (which means it's not prime): |
// or a multiple of a small prime (which means it's not prime): |
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for sp in small_primes { |
for sp in small_primes { |
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let sp = sp.to_bigint().unwrap(); |
let sp = sp.to_bigint().unwrap(); |
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if n.clone() == sp { |
if n.clone() == sp { |
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return true |
return true |
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} |
} |
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} |
} |
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is_rabin_miller_prime(&n, None) |
is_rabin_miller_prime(&n, None) |
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} |
} |
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// Note: "use bigint::RandBigInt;" (which is needed for gen_bigint_range()) |
// Note: "use bigint::RandBigInt;" (which is needed for gen_bigint_range()) |
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// fails to work in the Rust playground ( https://play.rust-lang.org ). |
// fails to work in the Rust playground ( https://play.rust-lang.org ). |
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return low.clone() |
return low.clone() |
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} |
} |
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let middle = (low.clone() + high) / 2.to_bigint().unwrap(); |
let middle = (low.clone() + high) / 2.to_bigint().unwrap(); |
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let go_low: bool = rand::random(); |
let go_low: bool = rand::random(); |
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if go_low { |
if go_low { |
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return get_random_bigint(low, &middle) |
return get_random_bigint(low, &middle) |
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} |
} |
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} |
} |
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// k is the number of times for testing (pass in None to use 5 (the default)). |
// k is the number of times for testing (pass in None to use 5 (the default)). |
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fn is_rabin_miller_prime<T: ToBigInt>(n: &T, k: Option<usize>) -> bool { |
fn is_rabin_miller_prime<T: ToBigInt>(n: &T, k: Option<usize>) -> bool { |
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let n = n.to_bigint().unwrap(); |
let n = n.to_bigint().unwrap(); |
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let k = k.unwrap_or( |
let k = k.unwrap_or(10); // number of times for testing (defaults to 10) |
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use num::traits::{Zero, One}; // for Zero::zero() and One::one() |
use num::traits::{Zero, One}; // for Zero::zero() and One::one() |
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let zero: BigInt = Zero::zero(); |
let zero: BigInt = Zero::zero(); |
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let one: BigInt = One::one(); |
let one: BigInt = One::one(); |
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let two: BigInt = 2.to_bigint().unwrap(); |
let two: BigInt = 2.to_bigint().unwrap(); |
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// The call to is_prime() should have already checked this, |
// The call to is_prime() should have already checked this, |
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// but check for two, less than two, and multiples of two: |
// but check for two, less than two, and multiples of two: |
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} |
} |
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⚫ | |||
// The following algorithm is ported from: |
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// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miller%E2%80%93Rabin_primality_test |
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// and from: |
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// https://inventwithpython.com/hacking/chapter23.html |
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⚫ | |||
let n_minus_one: BigInt = n.clone() - &one; |
let n_minus_one: BigInt = n.clone() - &one; |
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let mut |
let mut s = n_minus_one.clone(); |
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while |
while &s % &two == one { |
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s /= &two; |
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t += &one; |
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} |
} |
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let s_minus_one = s.clone() - &one; |
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// Try k times to test if our number is non-prime: |
// Try k times to test if our number is non-prime: |
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for _ in 0..k { |
'outer: for _ in 0..k { |
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let a = get_random_bigint(&two, &n_minus_one); |
let a = get_random_bigint(&two, &n_minus_one); |
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let mut v = modular_exponentiation(&a, &s, &n); |
let mut v = modular_exponentiation(&a, &s, &n); |
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if v == one { |
if v == one { |
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continue |
continue 'outer; |
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} |
} |
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let mut i: BigInt = zero.clone(); |
let mut i: BigInt = zero.clone(); |
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while |
'inner: while &i < &t { |
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v = (v.clone() * &v) % &n; |
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if &v == &n_minus_one { |
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continue 'outer; |
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} |
} |
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i += &one; |
i += &one; |
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v = (v.clone() * &v) % &n; |
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} |
} |
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return false; |
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} |
} |
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// If we get here, then we have a degree of certainty |
// If we get here, then we have a degree of certainty |
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// that n really is a prime number, so return true: |
// that n really is a prime number, so return true: |