Draw a cuboid: Difference between revisions

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Line 943: readln; end.</syntaxhighlight> =={{header\|EasyLang}}== [https://easylang.online/show/#cod=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 Run it] <syntaxhighlight> node[][] = [ [ -1 -2 -2 ] [ -1 -2 1 ] [ -1 2 -2 ] [ -1 2 1 ] [ 1 -2 -2 ] [ 1 -2 1 ] [ 1 2 -2 ] [ 1 2 1 ] ] edge[][] = [ [ 1 2 ] [ 2 4 ] [ 4 3 ] [ 3 1 ] [ 5 6 ] [ 6 8 ] [ 8 7 ] [ 7 5 ] [ 1 5 ] [ 2 6 ] [ 3 7 ] [ 4 8 ] ] # proc scale f . . for i = 1 to len node[][] for d = 1 to 3 node[i][d] = f . . . proc rotate angx angy . . sinx = sin angx cosx = cos angx siny = sin angy cosy = cos angy for i = 1 to len node[][] x = node[i][1] z = node[i][3] node[i][1] = x cosx - z * sinx y = node[i][2] z = z * cosx + x * sinx node[i][2] = y * cosy - z * siny node[i][3] = z * cosy + y * siny . . len nd[] 3 proc draw . . clear move 2 2 text "Arrow keys to rotate" m = 99999 mi = -1 for i = 1 to len node[][] if node[i][3] < m m = node[i][3] mi = i . . ix = 1 for i = 1 to len edge[][] if edge[i][1] = mi nd[ix] = edge[i][2] ix += 1 elif edge[i][2] = mi nd[ix] = edge[i][1] ix += 1 . . for ni = 1 to len nd[] for i = 1 to len edge[][] if edge[i][1] = nd[ni] or edge[i][2] = nd[ni] x1 = node[edge[i][1]][1] y1 = node[edge[i][1]][2] x2 = node[edge[i][2]][1] y2 = node[edge[i][2]][2] move x1 + 50 y1 + 50 line x2 + 50 y2 + 50 . . . . textsize 3 scale 15 rotate 45 45 draw on key if keybkey = "ArrowUp" rotate 0 1 elif keybkey = "ArrowDown" rotate 0 -1 elif keybkey = "ArrowLeft" rotate -1 0 elif keybkey = "ArrowRight" rotate 1 0 . draw . </syntaxhighlight> =={{header\|Elixir}}== Line 1,036 ⟶ 1,118: +-----+-----+-----+-----+ </pre> =={{header\|Evaldraw}}== === Solid and stippled lines === {{trans\|XPL0}} Based on the XPL0 solution, but provides its own stippled line drawing routine, since evaldraw only supports solid lines out of the box. [[File:Evaldraw line cuboid.gif\|thumb\|alt=Rotating cuboid drawn with solid visible lines and stippled hidden lines\|Rotating cuboid. Visible lines solid, hidden edges drawn with stippled lines]] <syntaxhighlight lang="C"> static points_x[8] = {-2.0, +2.0, +2.0, -2.0, -2.0, +2.0, +2.0, -2.0}; static points_y[8] = {-1.5, -1.5, +1.5, +1.5, -1.5, -1.5, +1.5, +1.5}; static points_z[8] = {-1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, +1.0, +1.0, +1.0, +1.0}; static segment[212] = {0,1, 1,2, 2,3, 3,0, 4,5, 5,6, 6,7, 7,4, 0,4, 1,5, 2,6, 3,7}; static size=50, sz=0.008, sx=-0.013; // drawing size and tumbling speeds () { mind = 0.0; si=0; for(i=0; i<8; i++) { if (points_z[i] < mind) { mind=points_z[i]; si=i;} } cls(0); // Clear Color Buffer for(i=0; i<212-1; i+=2) { j=segment[i]; x0 = points_x[j]size + xres/2; y0 = points_y[j]size + yres/2; k=segment[i+1]; x1 = points_x[k]size + xres/2; y1 = points_y[k]size + yres/2; if (j!=si && k!=si) { setcol(255,0,0); moveto(x0,y0); lineto(x1,y1); } else { setcol(255,255,0); drawLineStipple(x0,y0,x1,y1,8); } } sleep(16); // Sleep for 16 millis so cube tumbles slowly for(i=0; i<8; i++) { points_x[i] = points_x[i] + points_y[i]Sz; //rotate vertices in X-Y plane points_y[i] = points_y[i] - points_x[i]Sz; points_y[i] = points_y[i] + points_z[i]Sx; //rotate vertices in Y-Z plane points_z[i] = points_z[i] - points_y[i]Sx; } } drawLineStipple(x1,y1,x2,y2,stipple_dist) { xdist = x1-x2; ydist=y1-y2; stipple_dist2 = stipple_dist / 2; if ( abs(xdist^2 + ydist^2) < stipple_dist2^2 ) return; if(xdist < 0) xdist=-xdist; if(ydist < 0) ydist=-ydist; mv=0; if(ydist > xdist) mv = ydist; else mv = xdist; x = x1; y = y1; stepx = xdist/mv; if(x1 > x2) stepx = -stepx; stepy = ydist/mv; if(y1 > y2) stepy = -stepy; for(nc=0; nc<int(mv); nc++) { if( nc % stipple_dist < stipple_dist2) setpix(x,y); x+=stepx; y+=stepy; } } </syntaxhighlight> === OpenGL-like filled polygons === [[File:Evaldraw textured cuboid.png\|thumb\|alt=Cuboid, 2 units wide, 3 units high, 4 units deep\|Textured cuboid. Each face has its own color. Rotate with mouse position.]] <syntaxhighlight lang="C">// We can define our own vec3 struct struct vec3{x,y,z;} // Static allows for globals static modelMatrix[9]; () { cls(0,0,32); // clear screen clz(1e32); // clear depth buffer setcam(0,0,-10,0,0); // set camera some units back // create two local arrays to hold rotation matrices double roty[9], rotz[9]; // we can access current mouse position and screen size rotateZ( rotz, mousy/yres2pi ); rotateY( roty, mousx/xres2pi ); // evaldraw does support some GL-like drawing // modes, but any transformations must be done by hand // Here we use a global model matrix that // transforms vertices created by the myVertex function mult(modelMatrix, roty, rotz); drawcuboid(0,0,0,2,3,4); sleep(10); } drawcuboid(x,y,z,sx,sy,sz) { glBegin(GL_QUADS); setcol(192,0,0); glTexCoord(0,0); myVertex(x-sx,y-sy,z-sz); glTexCoord(1,0); myVertex(x+sx,y-sy,z-sz); glTexCoord(1,1); myVertex(x+sx,y+sy,z-sz); glTexCoord(0,1); myVertex(x-sx,y+sy,z-sz); setcol(0,192,0); glTexCoord(0,0); myVertex(x-sx,y-sy,z+sz); glTexCoord(1,0); myVertex(x-sx,y-sy,z-sz); glTexCoord(1,1); myVertex(x-sx,y+sy,z-sz); glTexCoord(0,1); myVertex(x-sx,y+sy,z+sz); setcol(0,0,192); glTexCoord(0,0); myVertex(x+sx,y-sy,z+sz); glTexCoord(1,0); myVertex(x-sx,y-sy,z+sz); glTexCoord(1,1); myVertex(x-sx,y+sy,z+sz); glTexCoord(0,1); myVertex(x+sx,y+sy,z+sz); setcol(192,192,0); glTexCoord(0,0); myVertex(x+sx,y-sy,z-sz); glTexCoord(1,0); myVertex(x+sx,y-sy,z+sz); glTexCoord(1,1); myVertex(x+sx,y+sy,z+sz); glTexCoord(0,1); myVertex(x+sx,y+sy,z-sz); setcol(192,0,192); glTexCoord(0,0); myVertex(x-sx,y-sy,z+sz); glTexCoord(1,0); myVertex(x+sx,y-sy,z+sz); glTexCoord(1,1); myVertex(x+sx,y-sy,z-sz); glTexCoord(0,1); myVertex(x-sx,y-sy,z-sz); setcol(0,192,192); glTexCoord(0,0); myVertex(x-sx,y+sy,z-sz); glTexCoord(1,0); myVertex(x+sx,y+sy,z-sz); glTexCoord(1,1); myVertex(x+sx,y+sy,z+sz); glTexCoord(0,1); myVertex(x-sx,y+sy,z+sz); glEnd(); } myVertex(x,y,z) { // Initialize a struct value vec3 v = {x,y,z}; // Apply global model matrix transformation transformPoint(v, modelMatrix); // Submit the vertex to draw list glVertex(v.x, v.y, v.z); } rotateX(m[9], r) { // structs and arrays are pass-by-ref c = cos(r); s=sin(r); m[0] = 1; m[1] = 0; m[2] = 0; m[3] = 0; m[4] = c; m[5] = -s; m[6] = 0; m[7] = s; m[8] = c; } rotateY(m[9], r) { c = cos(r); s=sin(r); m[0] = c; m[1] = 0; m[2] = s; m[3] = 0; m[4] = 1; m[5] = 0; m[6] = -s; m[7] = 0; m[8] = c; } rotateZ(m[9], r) { c = cos(r); s=sin(r); m[0] = c; m[1] = -s; m[2] = 0; m[3] = s; m[4] = c; m[5] = 0; m[6] = 0; m[7] = 0; m[8] = 1; } transformPoint(vec3 v, m[9]) { x2 = v.x * m[0] + v.y * m[1] + v.z * m[2]; y2 = v.x * m[3] + v.y * m[4] + v.z * m[5]; z2 = v.x * m[6] + v.y * m[7] + v.z * m[8]; // Mutate the struct v with new values v.x=x2; v.y=y2; v.z=z2; } mult(c[9],a[9],b[9]) { // C = AB // multiply a row in A with a column in B for(i=0; i<3; i++) for(j=0; j<3; j++) { sum = 0.0; for(k=0; k<3; k++) { sum += A[k3+i] B[k3+j]; } C[i3+j] = sum; } }</syntaxhighlight> =={{header\|Factor}}== Line 1,067 ⟶ 1,338: =={{header\|Forth}}== {{works with\|gforth\|0.7.3}} === ASCII lines === {{trans\|PicoLisp}} Line 1,135 ⟶ 1,407: </pre> === ASCII faces === Inspired from X86 Assembly <syntaxhighlight lang="Forth"> : hline ( char len ) 0 ?do dup emit loop drop ; : vline ( char len ) 0 ?do dup emit -1 1 at-deltaxy loop drop ; : cuboid { dz dy dx -- } page dy 0 ?do dy i - i at-xy '# dx hline loop dz 0 ?do 0 dy i + at-xy '+ dx hline loop dy 0 ?do dx i + dy i - at-xy '/ dz vline loop ;</syntaxhighlight> {{Out}} <syntaxhighlight lang="Forth">4 3 2 cuboid</syntaxhighlight> <pre> ## ##/ ##// ++/// ++/// ++// ok ++/ </pre> <syntaxhighlight lang="Forth">5 5 5 cuboid</syntaxhighlight> <pre> ##### #####/ #####// #####/// #####//// +++++///// +++++//// ok +++++/// +++++// +++++/ </pre> =={{header\|FreeBASIC}}== Line 1,228 ⟶ 1,535: println["done."]</syntaxhighlight> =={{header\|FutureBasic}}== This code compiles into a macOS application that allows 360-degree mouse rotation of the cuboid. All six faces of the cuboid have different colors. <syntaxhighlight lang="futuebasic"> include "Tlbx SceneKit.incl" _window = 1 begin enum output 1 _sceneView end enum local fn Cuboid as SCNSceneRef SCNSceneRef scene = fn SCNSceneInit SCNNodeRef rootNode = fn SCNSceneRootNode( scene ) SCNCameraRef camera = fn SCNCameraInit SCNNodeRef cameraNode = fn SCNNodeInit SCNNodeSetCamera( cameraNode, camera ) SCNNodeAddChildNode( rootNode, cameraNode ) SCNVector3 cameraPos = {0.0, 0.0, 10.0} SCNNodeSetPosition( cameraNode, cameraPos ) SCNNodeRef lightNode = fn SCNNodeInit SCNLightRef light = fn SCNLightInit SCNLightSetType( light, SCNLightTypeOmni ) SCNNodeSetPosition( lightNode, fn SCNVector3Make( 0.0, 10.0, 10.0 ) ) SCNNodeAddChildNode( rootNode, lightNode ) SCNNodeRef ambientLightNode = fn SCNNodeInit SCNLightRef ambientLight = fn SCNLightInit SCNLightSetType( ambientLight, SCNLightTypeAmbient ) SCNLightSetColor( ambientLight, fn ColorGray ) SCNNodeSetLight( ambientLightNode, ambientLight ) SCNNodeAddChildNode( rootNode, ambientLightNode ) SCNBoxRef boxGeometry = fn SCNBoxInit( 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 0.0 ) SCNNodeRef boxNode = fn SCNNodeWithGeometry( boxGeometry ) SCNMaterialRef side1 = fn SCNMaterialInit SCNMaterialRef side2 = fn SCNMaterialInit SCNMaterialRef side3 = fn SCNMaterialInit SCNMaterialRef side4 = fn SCNMaterialInit SCNMaterialRef side5 = fn SCNMaterialInit SCNMaterialRef side6 = fn SCNMaterialInit SCNMaterialPropertySetContents( fn SCNMaterialMultiply( side1 ), fn ColorBlue ) SCNMaterialPropertySetContents( fn SCNMaterialMultiply( side2 ), fn ColorOrange ) SCNMaterialPropertySetContents( fn SCNMaterialMultiply( side3 ), fn ColorRed ) SCNMaterialPropertySetContents( fn SCNMaterialMultiply( side4 ), fn ColorGreen ) SCNMaterialPropertySetContents( fn SCNMaterialMultiply( side5 ), fn ColorYellow ) SCNMaterialPropertySetContents( fn SCNMaterialMultiply( side6 ), fn ColorCyan ) SCNGeometrySetMaterials( boxGeometry, @[side1,side2,side3,side4,side5,side6] ) SCNNodeAddChildNode( rootNode, boxNode ) SCNActionableRunAction( boxNode, fn SCNActionRotateByAngle( M_PI, fn SCNVector3Make( 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 ), 0.0 ) ) end fn = scene void local fn BuildWindow CGRect r = fn CGRectMake( 0, 0, 400, 400 ) window _window, @"Rosetta Code 2-3-4 Cuboid", r scnview _sceneView, fn Cuboid, r SCNViewSetBackgroundColor( _sceneView, fn ColorBlack ) SCNViewSetAllowsCameraControl( _sceneView, YES ) end fn void local fn DoDialog( ev as long, tag as long, wnd as long ) select (ev) case _windowWillClose : end end select end fn on dialog fn DoDialog fn BuildWindow HandleEvents </syntaxhighlight> {{output}} [[File:FutureBasic_cuboid.png]] =={{header\|Go}}== Line 1,826 ⟶ 2,212: } }</syntaxhighlight> =={{header\|Lambdatalk}}== {{trans\|javascript}} An adaptation working in the lambdaway project (where wiki pages are editable in realtime and inline:): http://lambdaway.free.fr/lambdawalks/?view=cuboid . <syntaxhighlight lang="scheme"> 1) creating the canvas {canvas {@ width="580" height="580"}} 2) calling javascript {script var canvas, g, width, height; var mouseX = 0, prevMouseX, mouseY = 0, prevMouseY; function run() { canvas = document.querySelector("canvas"); width = canvas.width; height = canvas.height; g = canvas.getContext("2d"); canvas.addEventListener("mousemove", function (event) { prevMouseX = mouseX; prevMouseY = mouseY; mouseX = event.x; mouseY = event.y; var incrX = (mouseX - prevMouseX) * 0.01; var incrY = (mouseY - prevMouseY) * 0.01; rotateCuboid(incrX, incrY); drawCuboid(); }); scale(80, 120, 160); rotateCuboid(Math.PI / 5, Math.PI / 9); drawCuboid() } var nodes = [[-1, -1, -1], [-1, -1, 1], [-1, 1, -1], [-1, 1, 1], [1, -1, -1], [1, -1, 1], [1, 1, -1], [1, 1, 1]]; var edges = [[0, 1], [1, 3], [3, 2], [2, 0], [4, 5], [5, 7], [7, 6], [6, 4], [0, 4], [1, 5], [2, 6], [3, 7]]; function scale(factor0, factor1, factor2) { nodes.forEach(function (node) { node[0] = factor0; node[1] = factor1; node[2] = factor2; }); } function rotateCuboid(angleX, angleY) { var sinX = Math.sin(angleX); var cosX = Math.cos(angleX); var sinY = Math.sin(angleY); var cosY = Math.cos(angleY); nodes.forEach(function (node) { var x = node[0]; var y = node[1]; var z = node[2]; node[0] = x cosX - z * sinX; node[2] = z * cosX + x * sinX; z = node[2]; node[1] = y * cosY - z * sinY; node[2] = z * cosY + y * sinY; }); } function drawCuboid() { g.save(); g.clearRect(0, 0, width, height); g.translate(width / 2, height / 2); g.strokeStyle = "#000"; g.beginPath(); edges.forEach(function (edge) { var p1 = nodes[edge[0]]; var p2 = nodes[edge[1]]; g.moveTo(p1[0], p1[1]); g.lineTo(p2[0], p2[1]); }); g.closePath(); g.stroke(); g.restore(); } setTimeout( run, 1 ) } </syntaxhighlight> =={{header\|Liberty BASIC}}== Line 2,861 ⟶ 3,348: =={{header\|POV-Ray}}== <syntaxhighlight lang="pov~~-ray~~">camera { perspective location <2.6,2.2,-4.2> look_at <0,-.5,0> aperture .05 blur_samples 100 variance 1/100000 focal_point <2,1,-2>} Line 4,193 ⟶ 4,680: {{trans\|Go}} {{libheader\|Wren-fmt}} <syntaxhighlight lang="~~ecmascript~~wren">import "./fmt" for Fmt var cubLine = Fn.new { \|n, dx, dy, cde\| Line 4,353 ⟶ 4,840: SetVid(3); \restore normal text mode (for DOS) ]</syntaxhighlight> =={{header\|Zig}}== {{trans\|Factor}} {{libheader\|raylib}} <syntaxhighlight lang="zig"> const std = @import("std"); const c = @cImport({ @cInclude("raylib.h"); }); pub fn main() !void { c.SetConfigFlags(c.FLAG_WINDOW_RESIZABLE \| c.FLAG_VSYNC_HINT); c.InitWindow(600, 480, "cuboid"); defer c.CloseWindow(); const camera = c.Camera3D{ .position = .{ .x = 4.5, .y = 4.5, .z = 4.5 }, .target = .{ .x = 0, .y = 0, .z = 0 }, .up = .{ .x = 0, .y = 1, .z = 0 }, .fovy = 45.0, .projection = c.CAMERA_PERSPECTIVE, }; c.SetTargetFPS(60); while (!c.WindowShouldClose()) { c.BeginDrawing(); defer c.EndDrawing(); c.ClearBackground(c.BLACK); { c.BeginMode3D(camera); defer c.EndMode3D(); c.DrawCubeWires(.{ .x = 0, .y = 0, .z = 0 }, 2, 3, 4, c.LIME); } } } </syntaxhighlight> =={{header\|zkl}}==