Barnsley fern: Difference between revisions
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[[File:BFCpp.png|200px|thumb|right]] |
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<lang cpp> |
<lang cpp> |
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// fern.cpp |
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#include "stdafx.h" |
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#include <windows.h> |
#include <windows.h> |
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#include <ctime> |
#include <ctime> |
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Revision as of 06:41, 3 April 2016
Barnsley fern is a draft programming task. It is not yet considered ready to be promoted as a complete task, for reasons that should be found in its talk page.
A Barnsley fern is a fractal named after British mathematician Michael Barnsley and can be created using an iterated function system (IFS).
The task: create this fractal fern, using the following transformations:
- ƒ1 (chosen 1% of the time)
xn + 1 = 0 yn + 1 = 0.16 yn
- ƒ2 (chosen 85% of the time)
xn + 1 = 0.85 xn + 0.04 yn yn + 1 = −0.04 xn + 0.85 yn + 1.6
- ƒ3 (chosen 7% of the time)
xn + 1 = 0.2 xn − 0.26 yn yn + 1 = 0.23 xn + 0.22 yn + 1.6
- ƒ4 (chosen 7% of the time)
xn + 1 = −0.15 xn + 0.28 yn yn + 1 = 0.26 xn + 0.24 yn + 0.44.
Starting position: x = 0, y = 0
C++
<lang cpp>
- include <windows.h>
- include <ctime>
- include <string>
const int BMP_SIZE = 600, ITERATIONS = 15e5, COLOR = RGB( 0x00, 0xff, 0x00 );
class myBitmap { public:
myBitmap() : pen( NULL ), brush( NULL ), clr( 0 ), wid( 1 ) {}
~myBitmap() {
DeleteObject( pen ); DeleteObject( brush );
DeleteDC( hdc ); DeleteObject( bmp );
}
bool create( int w, int h ) {
BITMAPINFO bi;
ZeroMemory( &bi, sizeof( bi ) );
bi.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof( bi.bmiHeader );
bi.bmiHeader.biBitCount = sizeof( DWORD ) * 8;
bi.bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB;
bi.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1;
bi.bmiHeader.biWidth = w;
bi.bmiHeader.biHeight = -h;
HDC dc = GetDC( GetConsoleWindow() );
bmp = CreateDIBSection( dc, &bi, DIB_RGB_COLORS, &pBits, NULL, 0 );
if( !bmp ) return false;
hdc = CreateCompatibleDC( dc );
SelectObject( hdc, bmp );
ReleaseDC( GetConsoleWindow(), dc );
width = w; height = h;
return true;
}
void clear( BYTE clr = 0 ) {
memset( pBits, clr, width * height * sizeof( DWORD ) );
}
void setBrushColor( DWORD bClr ) {
if( brush ) DeleteObject( brush );
brush = CreateSolidBrush( bClr );
SelectObject( hdc, brush );
}
void setPenColor( DWORD c ) {
clr = c; createPen();
}
void setPenWidth( int w ) {
wid = w; createPen();
}
void saveBitmap( std::string path ) {
BITMAPFILEHEADER fileheader;
BITMAPINFO infoheader;
BITMAP bitmap;
DWORD wb;
GetObject( bmp, sizeof( bitmap ), &bitmap );
DWORD* dwpBits = new DWORD[bitmap.bmWidth * bitmap.bmHeight];
ZeroMemory( dwpBits, bitmap.bmWidth * bitmap.bmHeight * sizeof( DWORD ) );
ZeroMemory( &infoheader, sizeof( BITMAPINFO ) );
ZeroMemory( &fileheader, sizeof( BITMAPFILEHEADER ) );
infoheader.bmiHeader.biBitCount = sizeof( DWORD ) * 8;
infoheader.bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB;
infoheader.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1;
infoheader.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof( infoheader.bmiHeader );
infoheader.bmiHeader.biHeight = bitmap.bmHeight;
infoheader.bmiHeader.biWidth = bitmap.bmWidth;
infoheader.bmiHeader.biSizeImage = bitmap.bmWidth * bitmap.bmHeight * sizeof( DWORD );
fileheader.bfType = 0x4D42;
fileheader.bfOffBits = sizeof( infoheader.bmiHeader ) + sizeof( BITMAPFILEHEADER );
fileheader.bfSize = fileheader.bfOffBits + infoheader.bmiHeader.biSizeImage;
GetDIBits( hdc, bmp, 0, height, ( LPVOID )dwpBits, &infoheader, DIB_RGB_COLORS );
HANDLE file = CreateFile( path.c_str(), GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS,
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL );
WriteFile( file, &fileheader, sizeof( BITMAPFILEHEADER ), &wb, NULL );
WriteFile( file, &infoheader.bmiHeader, sizeof( infoheader.bmiHeader ), &wb, NULL );
WriteFile( file, dwpBits, bitmap.bmWidth * bitmap.bmHeight * 4, &wb, NULL );
CloseHandle( file );
delete [] dwpBits;
}
HDC getDC() const { return hdc; }
int getWidth() const { return width; }
int getHeight() const { return height; }
private:
void createPen() {
if( pen ) DeleteObject( pen );
pen = CreatePen( PS_SOLID, wid, clr );
SelectObject( hdc, pen );
}
HBITMAP bmp; HDC hdc;
HPEN pen; HBRUSH brush;
void *pBits; int width, height, wid;
DWORD clr;
}; class fern { public:
void draw() {
bmp.create( BMP_SIZE, BMP_SIZE );
float x = 0, y = 0; HDC dc = bmp.getDC();
int hs = BMP_SIZE >> 1, c;
for( int f = 0; f < ITERATIONS; f++ ) {
SetPixel( dc, hs + static_cast<float>( x * 55.f ),
BMP_SIZE - 15 - static_cast<float>( y * 55.f ),
RGB( rnd() * 80 + 20, rnd() * 128 + 128, rnd() * 80 + 30 ) );
getXY( x, y );
}
bmp.saveBitmap( "./bf.bmp" );
}
private:
void getXY( float& x, float& y ) {
float g, xl, yl;
g = rnd();
if( g < .01f ) { xl = 0; yl = .16f * y; }
else if( g < .07f ) {
xl = .2f * x - .26f * y;
yl = .23f * x + .22f * y + 1.6f;
} else if( g < .14f ) {
xl = -.15f * x + .28f * y;
yl = .26f * x + .24f * y + .44f;
} else {
xl = .85f * x + .04f * y;
yl = -.04f * x + .85f * y + 1.6f;
}
x = xl; y = yl;
}
float rnd() {
return static_cast<float>( rand() ) / static_cast<float>( RAND_MAX );
}
myBitmap bmp;
}; int main( int argc, char* argv[]) {
srand( static_cast<unsigned>( time( 0 ) ) ); fern f; f.draw(); return system( "pause" );
} </lang>
J
<lang j>require 'plot'
f=: |: 0 ". ];._2 noun define
0 0 0 0.16 0 0 0.01 0.85 -0.04 0.04 0.85 0 1.60 0.85 0.20 0.23 -0.26 0.22 0 1.60 0.07 -0.15 0.26 0.28 0.24 0 0.44 0.07
)
fm=: {&(|: 2 2 $ f) fa=: {&(|: 4 5 { f) prob=: (+/\ 6 { f) I. ?@0:
ifs=: (fa@] + fm@] +/ .* [) prob getPoints=: ifs^:(<200000) plotFern=: 'dot;grids 0 0;tics 0 0;labels 0 0;color green' plot ;/@|:
plotFern getPoints 0 0</lang>
Java
<lang java>import java.awt.*; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import javax.swing.*;
public class BarnsleyFern extends JPanel {
BufferedImage img;
public BarnsleyFern() {
final int dim = 640;
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(dim, dim));
setBackground(Color.white);
img = new BufferedImage(dim, dim, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
createFern(dim, dim);
}
void createFern(int w, int h) {
double x = 0;
double y = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 200_000; i++) {
double tmpx, tmpy;
double r = Math.random();
if (r <= 0.01) {
tmpx = 0;
tmpy = 0.16 * y;
} else if (r <= 0.08) {
tmpx = 0.2 * x - 0.26 * y;
tmpy = 0.23 * x + 0.22 * y + 1.6;
} else if (r <= 0.15) {
tmpx = -0.15 * x + 0.28 * y;
tmpy = 0.26 * x + 0.24 * y + 0.44;
} else {
tmpx = 0.85 * x + 0.04 * y;
tmpy = -0.04 * x + 0.85 * y + 1.6;
}
x = tmpx;
y = tmpy;
img.setRGB((int) Math.round(w / 2 + x * w / 11),
(int) Math.round(h - y * h / 11), 0xFF32CD32);
}
}
@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics gg) {
super.paintComponent(gg);
Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) gg;
g.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
g.drawImage(img, 0, 0, null); }
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {
JFrame f = new JFrame();
f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
f.setTitle("Barnsley Fern");
f.setResizable(false);
f.add(new BarnsleyFern(), BorderLayout.CENTER);
f.pack();
f.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
f.setVisible(true);
});
}
}</lang>
Perl
<lang perl>use Imager;
my $w = 640; my $h = 640;
my $img = Imager->new(xsize => $w, ysize => $h, channels => 3); my $green = Imager::Color->new('#00FF00');
my ($x, $y) = (0, 0);
foreach (1 .. 2e5) {
my $r = rand(100);
($x, $y) = do {
if ($r <= 1) { ( 0.00 * $x - 0.00 * $y, 0.00 * $x + 0.16 * $y + 0.00) }
elsif ($r <= 8) { ( 0.20 * $x - 0.26 * $y, 0.23 * $x + 0.22 * $y + 1.60) }
elsif ($r <= 15) { (-0.15 * $x + 0.28 * $y, 0.26 * $x + 0.24 * $y + 0.44) }
else { ( 0.85 * $x + 0.04 * $y, -0.04 * $x + 0.85 * $y + 1.60) }
};
$img->setpixel(x => $w / 2 + $x * 60, y => $y * 60, color => $green);
}
$img->flip(dir => 'v'); $img->write(file => 'barnsleyFern.png');</lang>
Perl 6
<lang perl6>use Image::PNG::Portable;
my ($w, $h) = (640, 640);
my $png = Image::PNG::Portable.new: :width($w), :height($h);
my ($x, $y) = (0, 0);
for ^2e5 {
my $r = 100.rand;
($x, $y) = do given $r {
when $r <= 1 { ( 0, 0.16 * $y ) }
when $r <= 8 { ( 0.20 * $x - 0.26 * $y, 0.23 * $x + 0.22 * $y + 1.60) }
when $r <= 15 { (-0.15 * $x + 0.28 * $y, 0.26 * $x + 0.24 * $y + 0.44) }
default { ( 0.85 * $x + 0.04 * $y, -0.04 * $x + 0.85 * $y + 1.60) }
};
$png.set(($w / 2 + $x * 60).Int, $h - ($y * 60).Int, 0, 255, 0);
}
$png.write: 'Barnsley-fern-perl6.png';</lang>
Sidef
<lang ruby>require('Imager')
var w = 640 var h = 640
var img = %s<Imager>.new(xsize => w, ysize => h, channels => 3) var green = %s<Imager::Color>.new('#00FF00')
var (x, y) = (0, 0)
for r in (^1e5 -> lazy.map { 100.rand }) {
(x, y) = (
if (r <= 1) { ( 0.00*x - 0.00*y, 0.00*x + 0.16*y + 0.00) }
elsif (r <= 8) { ( 0.20*x - 0.26*y, 0.23*x + 0.22*y + 1.60) }
elsif (r <= 15) { (-0.15*x + 0.28*y, 0.26*x + 0.24*y + 0.44) }
else { ( 0.85*x + 0.04*y, -0.04*x + 0.85*y + 1.60) }
)
img.setpixel(x => w/2 + 60*x, y => 60*y, color => green)
}
img.flip(dir => 'v') img.write(file => 'barnsleyFern.png')</lang>
tcl
See Tcl-Wiki [_ttp://wiki.tcl.tk/10492 Fern Fractal]
zkl
Uses the PPM class from http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bitmap/Bresenham%27s_line_algorithm#zkl
<lang zkl>fcn barnsleyFern(){
w,h:=640,640; bitmap:=PPM(w+1,h+1,0xFF|FF|FF); // White background
x,y, nx,ny:=0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0;
do(0d100_000){
r:=(0).random(100); // [0..100)%
if (r<= 1) nx,ny= 0, 0.16*y;
else if(r<= 8) nx,ny= 0.2*x - 0.26*y, 0.23*x + 0.22*y + 1.6;
else if(r<=15) nx,ny=-0.15*x + 0.28*y, 0.26*x + 0.24*y + 0.44;
else nx,ny= 0.85*x + 0.04*y, -0.04*x + 0.85*y + 1.6;
x,y=nx,ny;
bitmap[w/2 + x*60, y*60] = 0x00|FF|00; // Green dot
}
bitmap.writeJPGFile("barnsleyFern.jpg");
}();</lang>