Arithmetic/Rational/Java

From Rosetta Code
< Arithmetic‎ | Rational
Revision as of 18:44, 6 January 2011 by rosettacode>Paul.miner (Looks for common denominator when adding/subtracting)

Modeled after BigInteger/BigDecimal. Instances of this class are immutable, and simplified upon construction. The returned numerator() and denominator() are never negative; the sign can be retrieved via signum(). The denominator for zero is always 1 (e.g. 0/5 is simplified to 0/1), and signed zeros are not supported (e.g. 0/-1 is simplified to 0/1).

<lang java>import java.math.BigDecimal; import java.math.BigInteger; import java.math.RoundingMode;

public class BigRational extends Number implements Comparable<BigRational> { 

 public final static BigRational ZERO = new BigRational(false, BigInteger.ZERO, BigInteger.ONE);
 public final static BigRational ONE = new BigRational(false, BigInteger.ONE, BigInteger.ONE);
 
 private final boolean isNegative;
 private final BigInteger numerator;
 private final BigInteger denominator;
 private final int hashCode;
 
 private BigRational(boolean isNegative, BigInteger nonNegativeNumerator, BigInteger nonNegativeDenominator)
 {
   this.isNegative = isNegative;
   this.numerator = nonNegativeNumerator;
   this.denominator = nonNegativeDenominator;
   this.hashCode = computeHashCode(isNegative, nonNegativeNumerator, nonNegativeDenominator);
 }

 private BigRational(BigInteger numerator, BigInteger denominator, boolean ignoreComponentSigns, boolean forcedSign)
 {
   if (denominator.equals(BigInteger.ZERO))
     throw new ArithmeticException("Denominator is zero");
   boolean isNegative = ignoreComponentSigns ? forcedSign : false;
   if (numerator.equals(BigInteger.ZERO))
   {
     denominator = BigInteger.ONE;
     isNegative = false;
   }
   else
   {
     if (numerator.signum() < 0)
     {
       if (!ignoreComponentSigns)
         isNegative = true;
       numerator = numerator.negate();
     }
     if (denominator.signum() < 0)
     {
       if (!ignoreComponentSigns)
         isNegative = !isNegative;
       denominator = denominator.negate();
     }
     BigInteger gcd = numerator.gcd(denominator);
     if (!gcd.equals(BigInteger.ONE))
     {
       numerator = numerator.divide(gcd);
       denominator = denominator.divide(gcd);
     }
   }
   this.isNegative = isNegative;
   this.numerator = numerator;
   this.denominator = denominator;
   this.hashCode = computeHashCode(isNegative, numerator, denominator);
 }
 
 public BigRational(BigInteger numerator, BigInteger denominator)
 {  this(numerator, denominator, false, false);  }
 
 public BigRational abs()
 {  return isNegative ? new BigRational(false, numerator, denominator) : this;  }
 
 public BigRational add(BigRational br)
 {
   if (isNegative == br.isNegative)
     return addIgnoreNegatives(isNegative, this, br);
   if (isNegative)
     return subtractIgnoreNegatives(br, this);
   return subtractIgnoreNegatives(this, br);
 }
 
 public int compareTo(BigRational br)
 {
   if (isNegative != br.isNegative)
     return isNegative ? -1 : 1;
   return subtract(br).signum();
 }
 
 public BigRational decrement()
 {
   if (isNegative)
     return new BigRational(numerator.add(denominator), denominator, true, true);
   return new BigRational(numerator.subtract(denominator), denominator, true, (numerator.compareTo(denominator) < 0));
 }
 
 public BigInteger denominator()
 {  return denominator;  }
 
 public BigRational divide(BigInteger bi)
 {
   boolean isNegative = (bi.signum() < 0);
   if (isNegative)
     bi = bi.negate();
   isNegative = (isNegative != this.isNegative);
   return new BigRational(numerator, denominator.multiply(bi), true, isNegative);
 }
 
 public BigRational divide(BigRational divisor)
 {  return multiply(divisor.reciprocal());  }
 
 public double doubleValue()
 {  return toBigDecimal(18, RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN).doubleValue();  }
 
 public boolean equals(Object o)
 {
   if ((o == null) || !(o instanceof BigRational))
     return false;
   BigRational br = (BigRational)o;
   return (isNegative == br.isNegative) && numerator.equals(br.numerator) && denominator.equals(br.denominator);
 }
 
 public float floatValue()
 {  return toBigDecimal(9, RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN).floatValue();  }
 
 public int hashCode()
 {  return hashCode;  }
 
 public BigRational increment()
 {
   if (!isNegative)
     return new BigRational(numerator.add(denominator), denominator, true, false);
   return new BigRational(numerator.subtract(denominator), denominator, true, (numerator.compareTo(denominator) > 0));
 }
 
 public int intValue()
 {  return toBigDecimal(12, RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN).intValue();  }
 
 public boolean isWholeNumber()
 {  return denominator.equals(BigInteger.ONE);  }
 
 public boolean isZero()
 {  return numerator.equals(BigInteger.ZERO);  }
 
 public long longValue()
 {  return toBigDecimal(21, RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN).longValue();  }
 
 public BigRational max(BigRational br)
 {  return (compareTo(br) >= 0) ? this : br;  }
 
 public BigRational min(BigRational br)
 {  return (compareTo(br) <= 0) ? this : br;  }
 
 public Object[] mixedFraction()
 {
   BigInteger[] dar = numerator.divideAndRemainder(denominator);
   BigInteger whole = dar[0];
   if (isNegative)
     whole = whole.negate();
   BigRational fraction = new BigRational(dar[1], denominator, true, isNegative);
   return new Object[] { whole, fraction };
 }

 public BigRational multiply(BigInteger bi)
 {
   boolean isNegative = (bi.signum() < 0);
   if (isNegative)
     bi = bi.negate();
   isNegative = (isNegative != this.isNegative);
   return new BigRational(numerator.multiply(bi), denominator, true, isNegative);
 }
 
 public BigRational multiply(BigRational br)
 {
   BigInteger numerator = this.numerator.multiply(br.numerator);
   BigInteger denominator = this.denominator.multiply(br.denominator);
   return new BigRational(numerator, denominator, true, isNegative != br.isNegative);
 }
 
 public BigRational negate()
 {
   if (isZero())
     return this;
   return new BigRational(!isNegative, numerator, denominator);
 }
 
 public BigInteger numerator()
 {  return numerator;  }
 
 public BigRational pow(int n)
 {
   BigInteger numerator = this.numerator.pow(n);
   BigInteger denominator = this.denominator.pow(n);
   return new BigRational(numerator, denominator, true, isNegative ? ((n & 1) != 0) : false);
 }
 
 public BigRational reciprocal()
 {
   if (isZero())
     throw new ArithmeticException("Can not calculate reciprocal of zero");
   return new BigRational(isNegative, denominator, numerator);
 }
 
 public int signum()
 {
   if (isZero())
     return 0;
   return isNegative ? -1 : 1;
 }
 
 public BigRational subtract(BigRational br)
 {
   if (isNegative != br.isNegative)
     return addIgnoreNegatives(isNegative, this, br);
   if (isNegative)
     return subtractIgnoreNegatives(br, this);
   return subtractIgnoreNegatives(this, br);
 }
 
 public BigDecimal toBigDecimal(int desiredPrecision, RoundingMode roundingMode)
 {
   BigDecimal bdNumerator = new BigDecimal(numerator);
   BigDecimal bdDenominator = new BigDecimal(denominator);
   int resultScale = bdNumerator.scale() - bdDenominator.scale() - bdNumerator.precision() + bdDenominator.precision() + desiredPrecision;
   BigDecimal bigDecimalValue = bdNumerator.divide(bdDenominator, resultScale, roundingMode);
   if (bigDecimalValue.precision() > desiredPrecision)
     bigDecimalValue = bigDecimalValue.setScale(bigDecimalValue.scale() - 1, roundingMode);
   if (isNegative)
     bigDecimalValue = bigDecimalValue.negate();
   return bigDecimalValue;
 }
 
 public BigDecimal toBigDecimalExact()
 {
   BigDecimal bigDecimalValue = new BigDecimal(numerator).divide(new BigDecimal(denominator));
   if (isNegative)
     bigDecimalValue = bigDecimalValue.negate();
   return bigDecimalValue;
 }
 
 public String toString()
 {
   if (isWholeNumber())
   {
     if (isNegative)
       return "-" + numerator.toString();
     return numerator.toString();
   }
   if (isNegative)
     return "-" + numerator.toString() + "/" + denominator.toString();
   return numerator.toString() + "/" + denominator.toString();
 }

 private static int computeHashCode(boolean isNegative, BigInteger numerator, BigInteger denominator)
 {
   int c = numerator.hashCode() + denominator.hashCode();
   if (isNegative)
     c = ~c;
   return c;
 }

 private static BigRational addIgnoreNegatives(boolean resultIsNegative, BigRational first, BigRational second)
 {
   first = first.abs();
   second = second.abs();
   BigInteger numerator = null;
   BigInteger denominator = null;
   if (first.denominator.equals(second.denominator))
   {
     numerator = first.numerator.add(second.numerator);
     denominator = first.denominator;
   }
   else
   {
     numerator = first.numerator.multiply(second.denominator).add(second.numerator.multiply(first.denominator));
     denominator = first.denominator.multiply(second.denominator);
   }
   return new BigRational(numerator, denominator, true, resultIsNegative);
 }
 
 private static BigRational subtractIgnoreNegatives(BigRational first, BigRational second)
 {
   first = first.abs();
   second = second.abs();
   BigInteger numerator = null;
   BigInteger denominator = null;
   if (first.denominator.equals(second.denominator))
   {
     numerator = first.numerator.subtract(second.numerator);
     denominator = first.denominator;
   }
   else
   {
     numerator = first.numerator.multiply(second.denominator).subtract(second.numerator.multiply(first.denominator));
     denominator = first.denominator.multiply(second.denominator);
   }
   return new BigRational(numerator, denominator);
 }
 
 public static BigRational valueOf(int integerValue)
 {  return valueOf(integerValue, 1);  }
 
 public static BigRational valueOf(int numerator, int denominator)
 {  return new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(numerator), BigInteger.valueOf(denominator));  }
 
 public static BigRational valueOf(long longValue)
 {  return valueOf(longValue, 1);  }
 
 public static BigRational valueOf(long numerator, long denominator)
 {  return new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(numerator), BigInteger.valueOf(denominator));  }
 
 public static BigRational valueOf(BigDecimal bigDecimalValue)
 {
   int scale = bigDecimalValue.scale();
   BigInteger numerator = bigDecimalValue.unscaledValue();
   if (scale <= 0)
   {
     if (scale < 0)
       numerator = numerator.multiply(BigInteger.TEN.pow(-scale));
     return new BigRational(numerator, BigInteger.ONE);
   }
   return new BigRational(numerator, BigInteger.TEN.pow(scale));
 }
 
 public static BigRational valueOf(BigDecimal numerator, BigDecimal denominator)
 {  return valueOf(numerator).divide(valueOf(denominator));  }
 
 public static BigRational valueOf(double doubleValue)
 {  return valueOf(new BigDecimal(doubleValue));  }
 
 public static BigRational valueOf(double numerator, double denominator)
 {  return valueOf(numerator).divide(valueOf(denominator));  }
 
 public static BigRational valueOf(String number)
 {
   int slashIndex = number.indexOf("/");
   if (slashIndex > 0)
     return valueOf(number.substring(0, slashIndex), number.substring(slashIndex + 1));
   return valueOf(new BigDecimal(number));
 }
 
 public static BigRational valueOf(String numerator, String denominator)
 {  return valueOf(numerator).divide(valueOf(denominator));  }
 
 /* ******************** Testing ******************** */
 
 public static boolean testEquals(String testName, Object obj, String str)
 {  return testEquals(testName, obj, null, str);  }
 
 public static boolean testEquals(String testName, Object obj1, Object obj2, String str)
 {
   // obj2 is optional
   boolean objEquality = (obj2 == null) || obj1.equals(obj2);
   String objStr = (obj1 instanceof BigDecimal) ? ((BigDecimal)obj1).toPlainString() : obj1.toString();
   boolean strEquality = objStr.equals(str);
   if (objEquality && strEquality)
   {
     System.out.println("PASS: " + testName);
     return true;
   }
   String err = "FAIL: " + testName + ": " + obj1.toString() + " not equal to";
   if (!objEquality)
     err += " object " + obj2.toString();
   if (!strEquality)
   {
     if (!objEquality)
       err += " and";
     err += " string " + str;
   }
   System.out.println(err);
   return false;
 }
 
 public static boolean testTrue(String testName, boolean b)
 {
   System.out.println((b ? "PASS: " : "FAIL: ") + testName);
   return b;
 }
 
 public static boolean testFeatures()
 {
   boolean passedAll = true;
   passedAll &= testEquals("BaseConstructor-1", new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(30), BigInteger.valueOf(72)), new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(5), BigInteger.valueOf(12)), "5/12");
   passedAll &= testEquals("BaseConstructor-2", new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(-30), BigInteger.valueOf(72)), new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(5), BigInteger.valueOf(-12)), "-5/12");
   passedAll &= testEquals("BaseConstructor-3", new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(-30), BigInteger.valueOf(-72)), new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(-5), BigInteger.valueOf(-12)), "5/12");
   passedAll &= testEquals("BaseConstructor-4", new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(0), BigInteger.valueOf(5)), new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(0), BigInteger.valueOf(-10)), "0");
   passedAll &= testTrue("Inequality-1", !new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(5), BigInteger.valueOf(12)).equals(new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(-5), BigInteger.valueOf(12))));
   passedAll &= testTrue("Inequality-2", !new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(5), BigInteger.valueOf(12)).equals(new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(4), BigInteger.valueOf(12))));
   passedAll &= testEquals("IntegerConstructor-1", BigRational.valueOf(5), "5");
   passedAll &= testEquals("IntegerConstructor-2", BigRational.valueOf(5, 12), new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(30), BigInteger.valueOf(72)), "5/12");
   passedAll &= testEquals("LongConstructor-1", BigRational.valueOf(10000000000L), "10000000000");
   passedAll &= testEquals("LongConstructor-2", BigRational.valueOf(50000000000L, 120000000000L), new BigRational(BigInteger.valueOf(300000000000L), BigInteger.valueOf(720000000000L)), "5/12");
   passedAll &= testEquals("BigDecimalConstructor-1", BigRational.valueOf(new BigDecimal("7.3412359")), "73412359/10000000");
   passedAll &= testEquals("BigDecimalConstructor-2", BigRational.valueOf(new BigDecimal("7.3412359"), new BigDecimal("2.6876980111")), BigRational.valueOf(15791000, 5781239), "15791000/5781239");
   // Derived from BigDecimal documentation, 0.1 is exactly 0.1000000000000000055511151231257827021181583404541015625. Simplified via WolframAlpha
   passedAll &= testEquals("DoubleConstructor-1", BigRational.valueOf(0.1), BigRational.valueOf(new BigDecimal(0.1)), "3602879701896397/36028797018963968");
   passedAll &= testEquals("DoubleConstructor-2", BigRational.valueOf(0.1, 0.2), BigRational.valueOf(1, 2), "1/2");
   passedAll &= testEquals("StringConstructor-1", BigRational.valueOf("18"), BigRational.valueOf(18), "18");
   passedAll &= testEquals("StringConstructor-2", BigRational.valueOf("18/-4"), BigRational.valueOf(9, -2), "-9/2");
   passedAll &= testEquals("StringConstructor-3", BigRational.valueOf("18", "-4"), BigRational.valueOf(9, -2), "-9/2");
   passedAll &= testEquals("AbsoluteValue", BigRational.valueOf(-1, 2).abs(), BigRational.valueOf(1, 2), "1/2");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Addition-1", BigRational.valueOf("2/5").add(BigRational.valueOf("3/7")), "29/35");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Addition-2", BigRational.valueOf("2/5").add(BigRational.valueOf("-3/7")), "-1/35");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Addition-3", BigRational.valueOf("-2/5").add(BigRational.valueOf("3/7")), "1/35");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Addition-4", BigRational.valueOf("-2/5").add(BigRational.valueOf("-3/7")), "-29/35");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Addition-5", BigRational.valueOf("2/5").add(BigRational.valueOf("4/5")), "6/5");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Subtraction-1", BigRational.valueOf("2/5").subtract(BigRational.valueOf("3/7")), "-1/35");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Subtraction-2", BigRational.valueOf("2/5").subtract(BigRational.valueOf("-3/7")), "29/35");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Subtraction-3", BigRational.valueOf("-2/5").subtract(BigRational.valueOf("3/7")), "-29/35");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Subtraction-4", BigRational.valueOf("-2/5").subtract(BigRational.valueOf("-3/7")), "1/35");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Subtraction-5", BigRational.valueOf("2/7").subtract(BigRational.valueOf("3/7")), "-1/7");
   passedAll &= testTrue("Comparison-1", BigRational.valueOf("2/5").compareTo(BigRational.valueOf("-2/5")) > 0);
   passedAll &= testTrue("Comparison-2", BigRational.valueOf("-2/5").compareTo(BigRational.valueOf("2/5")) < 0);
   passedAll &= testTrue("Comparison-3", BigRational.valueOf("2/5").compareTo(BigRational.valueOf("3/7")) < 0);
   passedAll &= testTrue("Comparison-4", BigRational.valueOf("-2/5").compareTo(BigRational.valueOf("-3/7")) > 0);
   passedAll &= testEquals("Increment-1", BigRational.valueOf("2/5").increment(), "7/5");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Increment-2", BigRational.valueOf("-2/5").increment(), "3/5");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Increment-3", BigRational.valueOf("-7/5").increment(), "-2/5");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Decrement-1", BigRational.valueOf("7/5").decrement(), "2/5");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Decrement-2", BigRational.valueOf("2/5").decrement(), "-3/5");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Decrement-3", BigRational.valueOf("-2/5").decrement(), "-7/5");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Divide-1", BigRational.valueOf("2/5").divide(BigRational.valueOf("3/5")), "2/3");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Divide-2", BigRational.valueOf("-2/5").divide(BigRational.valueOf("3/5")), "-2/3");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Divide-3", BigRational.valueOf("-2/5").divide(BigRational.valueOf("-3/5")), "2/3");
   passedAll &= testTrue("DoubleValue-1", BigRational.valueOf("0.1").doubleValue() == 0.1);
   passedAll &= testTrue("DoubleValue-2", BigRational.valueOf("1.1").doubleValue() == 1.1);
   passedAll &= testTrue("IntValue-1", BigRational.valueOf("7/3").intValue() == 2);
   passedAll &= testTrue("IntValue-2", BigRational.valueOf("8/3").intValue() == 2);
   passedAll &= testTrue("IntValue-2", BigRational.valueOf("9/3").intValue() == 3);
   passedAll &= testEquals("ToBigDecimal-1", BigRational.valueOf("0/3").toBigDecimal(10, RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN), "0.0000000000");
   passedAll &= testEquals("ToBigDecimal-2", BigRational.valueOf("1/3").toBigDecimal(10, RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN), "0.3333333333");
   passedAll &= testEquals("ToBigDecimal-3", BigRational.valueOf("2/3").toBigDecimal(10, RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN), "0.6666666667");
   passedAll &= testEquals("ToBigDecimal-4", BigRational.valueOf("3/3").toBigDecimal(10, RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN), "1.000000000");
   passedAll &= testEquals("ToBigDecimal-5", BigRational.valueOf("4/3").toBigDecimal(10, RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN), "1.333333333");
   passedAll &= testEquals("ToBigDecimal-6", BigRational.valueOf("5/3").toBigDecimal(10, RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN), "1.666666667");
   passedAll &= testEquals("ToBigDecimal-7", BigRational.valueOf("-1/3").toBigDecimal(10, RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN), "-0.3333333333");
   passedAll &= testEquals("ToBigDecimal-8", BigRational.valueOf("-2/3").toBigDecimal(10, RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN), "-0.6666666667");
   passedAll &= testEquals("ToBigDecimal-9", BigRational.valueOf("-3/3").toBigDecimal(10, RoundingMode.HALF_EVEN), "-1.000000000");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Max-1", BigRational.valueOf("2/5").max(BigRational.valueOf("3/7")), "3/7");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Max-2", BigRational.valueOf("2/5").max(BigRational.valueOf("-3/7")), "2/5");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Max-3", BigRational.valueOf("-2/5").max(BigRational.valueOf("-3/7")), "-2/5");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Min-1", BigRational.valueOf("2/5").min(BigRational.valueOf("3/7")), "2/5");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Min-2", BigRational.valueOf("2/5").min(BigRational.valueOf("-3/7")), "-3/7");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Min-3", BigRational.valueOf("-2/5").min(BigRational.valueOf("-3/7")), "-3/7");
   Object[] mixedFraction1 = BigRational.valueOf("7/3").mixedFraction();
   passedAll &= testEquals("MixedFraction-1", mixedFraction1[0], "2");
   passedAll &= testEquals("MixedFraction-2", mixedFraction1[1], "1/3");
   Object[] mixedFraction2 = BigRational.valueOf("-7/3").mixedFraction();
   passedAll &= testEquals("MixedFraction-3", mixedFraction2[0], "-2");
   passedAll &= testEquals("MixedFraction-4", mixedFraction2[1], "-1/3");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Multiply-1", BigRational.valueOf("2/3").multiply(BigRational.valueOf("3/5")), "2/5");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Multiply-2", BigRational.valueOf("-2/3").multiply(BigRational.valueOf("3/5")), "-2/5");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Multiply-3", BigRational.valueOf("2/3").multiply(BigRational.valueOf("-3/5")), "-2/5");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Multiply-4", BigRational.valueOf("-2/3").multiply(BigRational.valueOf("-3/5")), "2/5");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Multiply-5", BigRational.valueOf("2/3").multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(4)), "8/3");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Multiply-6", BigRational.valueOf("-2/3").multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(4)), "-8/3");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Multiply-7", BigRational.valueOf("2/3").multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(-4)), "-8/3");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Multiply-8", BigRational.valueOf("-2/3").multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(-4)), "8/3");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Negate-1", BigRational.valueOf("2/3").negate(), "-2/3");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Negate-2", BigRational.valueOf("-2/3").negate(), "2/3");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Power-1", BigRational.valueOf("2/3").pow(3), "8/27");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Power-2", BigRational.valueOf("-2/3").pow(3), "-8/27");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Power-3", BigRational.valueOf("-2/3").pow(4), "16/81");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Reciprocal-1", BigRational.valueOf("2/3").reciprocal(), "3/2");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Reciprocal-2", BigRational.valueOf("-2/3").reciprocal(), "-3/2");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Reciprocal-3", BigRational.valueOf("1/7").reciprocal(), "7");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Reciprocal-4", BigRational.valueOf("-1/7").reciprocal(), "-7");
   passedAll &= testTrue("Signum-1", BigRational.valueOf("1/7").signum() == 1);
   passedAll &= testTrue("Signum-2", BigRational.valueOf("0/7").signum() == 0);
   passedAll &= testTrue("Signum-3", BigRational.valueOf("-1/7").signum() == -1);
   passedAll &= testEquals("Numerator-1", BigRational.valueOf("2/7").numerator(), "2");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Numerator-2", BigRational.valueOf("-2/7").numerator(), "2");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Denominator-1", BigRational.valueOf("2/7").denominator(), "7");
   passedAll &= testEquals("Denominator-2", BigRational.valueOf("-2/7").denominator(), "7");
   
   System.out.println(passedAll ? "Passed all tests" : "FAILURE: DID NOT PASS ALL TESTS");
   return passedAll;
 }
 
 public static void main(String[] args)
 {
   testFeatures();
   return;
 }

} </lang>

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