Word wrap: Difference between revisions
Content added Content deleted
m (→version 1: removed a vestigual REXX statement. -- ~~~~) |
m (→version 1: corrected some misspellings in the LAWS.TXT file. -- ~~~~) |
||
Line 1,634: | Line 1,634: | ||
∙ Complicated systems produce unexpected outcomes. |
∙ Complicated systems produce unexpected outcomes. |
||
∙ The total behavior of large systems cannot be predicted. |
∙ The total behavior of large systems cannot be predicted. |
||
The Non- |
The Non-Additivity Theorem of Systems-Behavior -or- Climax Design Theorem: |
||
∙ A large system, produced by expanding the dimensions of a smaller system, does not behave like the smaller system. |
∙ A large system, produced by expanding the dimensions of a smaller system, does not behave like the smaller system. |
||
LeChateliers's Principle: |
LeChateliers's Principle: |
||
Line 1,649: | Line 1,649: | ||
∙ The real world is whatever is reported to the system. |
∙ The real world is whatever is reported to the system. |
||
∙ If it isn't official; it didn't happen. |
∙ If it isn't official; it didn't happen. |
||
∙ If it's made in |
∙ If it's made in Detroit, it must be an automobile. |
||
∙ A system is no better than its sensory organs. |
∙ A system is no better than its sensory organs. |
||
∙ To those within a system, the outside reality tends to pale and disappear. |
∙ To those within a system, the outside reality tends to pale and disappear. |
||
Line 1,667: | Line 1,667: | ||
∙ Complex programs never run. |
∙ Complex programs never run. |
||
∙ Anything worth doing once will probably have to be done twice. |
∙ Anything worth doing once will probably have to be done twice. |
||
The Functional |
The Functional indeterminacy Theorem: |
||
∙ In complex systems, malfunction and even total nonfunction may not be detectable for long periods, if ever. |
∙ In complex systems, malfunction and even total nonfunction may not be detectable for long periods, if ever. |
||
The Kantian Hypothesis -or- Know-Nothing Theorem: |
The Kantian Hypothesis -or- Know-Nothing Theorem: |
||
Line 1,709: | Line 1,709: | ||
Growth: ∙ Systems tend to grow, and as they grow, they encroach. The Big-Bang Theorem of Systems-Cosmology: ∙ Systems tend to expand to fill the known |
Growth: ∙ Systems tend to grow, and as they grow, they encroach. The Big-Bang Theorem of Systems-Cosmology: ∙ Systems tend to expand to fill the known |
||
universe. Parkinson's Extended Law: ∙ The system itself tends to expand at 5-6% per annum. The Generalized Uncertainty Principle: ∙ Systems display antics. |
universe. Parkinson's Extended Law: ∙ The system itself tends to expand at 5-6% per annum. The Generalized Uncertainty Principle: ∙ Systems display antics. |
||
∙ Complicated systems produce unexpected outcomes. ∙ The total behavior of large systems cannot be predicted. The Non- |
∙ Complicated systems produce unexpected outcomes. ∙ The total behavior of large systems cannot be predicted. The Non-Additivity Theorem of |
||
-or- Climax Design Theorem: ∙ A large system, produced by expanding the dimensions of a smaller system, does not behave like the smaller |
Systems-Behavior -or- Climax Design Theorem: ∙ A large system, produced by expanding the dimensions of a smaller system, does not behave like the smaller |
||
LeChateliers's Principle: ∙ Complex systems tend to oppose their own proper function. ∙ Systems get in the way. ∙ The system always kicks back. ∙ |
system. LeChateliers's Principle: ∙ Complex systems tend to oppose their own proper function. ∙ Systems get in the way. ∙ The system always kicks back. ∙ |
||
feedback is dangerous. Functionary's Falsity: ∙ People in systems do not do what the system says they are doing. ∙ The function performed by a |
Positive feedback is dangerous. Functionary's Falsity: ∙ People in systems do not do what the system says they are doing. ∙ The function performed by a |
||
not operationally identical to the function of the same name performed by a man. ∙ A function performed by a larger system is not operationally |
system is not operationally identical to the function of the same name performed by a man. ∙ A function performed by a larger system is not operationally |
||
to the function of the same name performed by a smaller system. The Fundamental Law of Administrative Workings: ∙ Things are what they are |
identical to the function of the same name performed by a smaller system. The Fundamental Law of Administrative Workings: ∙ Things are what they are |
||
∙ The real world is whatever is reported to the system. ∙ If it isn't official; it didn't happen. ∙ If it's made in |
reported to be. ∙ The real world is whatever is reported to the system. ∙ If it isn't official; it didn't happen. ∙ If it's made in Detroit, it must be an |
||
system is no better than its sensory organs. ∙ To those within a system, the outside reality tends to pale and disappear. ∙ Systems attract |
automobile. ∙ A system is no better than its sensory organs. ∙ To those within a system, the outside reality tends to pale and disappear. ∙ Systems attract |
||
∙ For every human system, there is a type of person adapted to thrive on it or in it. ∙ The bigger the system, the narrower and more |
systems-people. ∙ For every human system, there is a type of person adapted to thrive on it or in it. ∙ The bigger the system, the narrower and more |
||
interface with individuals. Administrator's Anxiety: ∙ Pushing on the systems doesn't help. It just makes things worse. ∙ A complex system |
specialized the interface with individuals. Administrator's Anxiety: ∙ Pushing on the systems doesn't help. It just makes things worse. ∙ A complex system |
||
to work. It either works or it doesn't. ∙ A simple system, designed from scratch, sometimes works. ∙ A simple system may or may not work. |
cannot be "made" to work. It either works or it doesn't. ∙ A simple system, designed from scratch, sometimes works. ∙ A simple system may or may not work. |
||
systems actually work. ∙ If a system is working, leave it alone. ∙ A complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a |
∙ Some complex systems actually work. ∙ If a system is working, leave it alone. ∙ A complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a |
||
that works. ∙ A complex system designed from scratch never works and cannot be patched up to make it work. You have to start over, beginning |
simple system that works. ∙ A complex system designed from scratch never works and cannot be patched up to make it work. You have to start over, beginning |
||
simple system. ∙ Programs never run the first time. ∙ Complex programs never run. ∙ Anything worth doing once will probably have to be done |
with a working simple system. ∙ Programs never run the first time. ∙ Complex programs never run. ∙ Anything worth doing once will probably have to be done |
||
Functional |
twice. The Functional indeterminacy Theorem: ∙ In complex systems, malfunction and even total nonfunction may not be detectable for long periods, if ever. |
||
Kantian Hypothesis -or- Know-Nothing Theorem: ∙ Large complex systems are beyond human capacity to evaluate. The Newtonian Lay of Systems-Inertia: ∙ A |
The Kantian Hypothesis -or- Know-Nothing Theorem: ∙ Large complex systems are beyond human capacity to evaluate. The Newtonian Lay of Systems-Inertia: ∙ A |
||
system that performs a certain way will continue to operate in that way regardless of the need of of changed conditions. ∙ A system continues to do its |
system that performs a certain way will continue to operate in that way regardless of the need of of changed conditions. ∙ A system continues to do its |
||
thing, regardless of need. ∙ Systems develop goals of their own the instant they come into being. ∙ Intrasystem goals come first. Failure-Mode Theorems: ∙ |
thing, regardless of need. ∙ Systems develop goals of their own the instant they come into being. ∙ Intrasystem goals come first. Failure-Mode Theorems: ∙ |
||
Line 1,739: | Line 1,739: | ||
assumed name. |
assumed name. |
||
</pre> |
</pre> |
||
Output when specifying: <tt> , |
Output when specifying: <tt> , 77 </tt> |
||
<pre style="height:15ex;overflow:scroll"> |
<pre style="height:15ex;overflow:scroll"> |
||
────────── Computer programming laws ────────── The Primal Scenario -or- |
────────── Computer programming laws ────────── The Primal Scenario -or- |
||
Basic Datum of Experience: ∙ Systems in general work poorly or not at all. ∙ |
Basic Datum of Experience: ∙ Systems in general work poorly or not at all. ∙ |
||
Nothing complicated works. ∙ Complicated systems seldom exceed 5% |
Nothing complicated works. ∙ Complicated systems seldom exceed 5% efficiency. |
||
∙ There is always a fly in the ointment. The Fundamental Theorem: ∙ New |
|||
systems generate new problems. Occam's Razor: ∙ Systems should not be |
|||
unnecessarily multiplied. The Law of Conservation of Energy: ∙ The total |
|||
amount of energy in the universe is constant. ∙ Systems operate by |
|||
redistributing energy into different forms and into accumulations of |
redistributing energy into different forms and into accumulations of |
||
different sizes. Laws of Growth: ∙ Systems tend to grow, and as they grow, |
different sizes. Laws of Growth: ∙ Systems tend to grow, and as they grow, |
||
Line 1,753: | Line 1,753: | ||
expand to fill the known universe. Parkinson's Extended Law: ∙ The system |
expand to fill the known universe. Parkinson's Extended Law: ∙ The system |
||
itself tends to expand at 5-6% per annum. The Generalized Uncertainty |
itself tends to expand at 5-6% per annum. The Generalized Uncertainty |
||
Principle: ∙ Systems display antics. ∙ Complicated systems produce |
Principle: ∙ Systems display antics. ∙ Complicated systems produce unexpected |
||
outcomes. ∙ The total behavior of large systems cannot be predicted. The |
|||
Non-Additivity Theorem of Systems-Behavior -or- Climax Design Theorem: ∙ A |
|||
large system, produced by expanding the dimensions of a smaller system, does |
|||
not behave like the smaller system. LeChateliers's Principle: ∙ Complex |
|||
systems tend to oppose their own proper function. ∙ Systems get in the way. ∙ |
|||
The system always kicks back. ∙ Positive feedback is dangerous. Functionary's |
|||
Falsity: ∙ People in systems do not do what the system says they are doing. ∙ |
|||
The function performed by a system is not operationally identical to the |
|||
function of the same name performed by a man. ∙ A function performed by a |
|||
larger system is not operationally identical to the function of the same name |
|||
performed by a smaller system. The Fundamental Law of Administrative |
|||
Workings: ∙ Things are what they are reported to be. ∙ The real world is |
|||
whatever is reported to the system. ∙ If it isn't official; it didn't happen. |
|||
∙ If it's made in Detroit, it must be an automobile. ∙ A system is no better |
|||
than its sensory organs. ∙ To those within a system, the outside reality |
|||
tends to pale and disappear. ∙ Systems attract systems-people. ∙ For every |
|||
human system, there is a type of person adapted to thrive on it or in it. ∙ |
|||
The bigger the system, the narrower and more specialized the interface with |
|||
individuals. Administrator's Anxiety: ∙ Pushing on the systems doesn't help. |
|||
It just makes things worse. ∙ A complex system cannot be "made" to work. It |
|||
either works or it doesn't. ∙ A simple system, designed from scratch, |
|||
sometimes works. ∙ A simple system may or may not work. ∙ Some complex |
|||
systems actually work. ∙ If a system is working, leave it alone. ∙ A complex |
|||
system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system |
|||
that works. ∙ A complex system designed from scratch never works and cannot |
|||
be patched up to make it work. You have to start over, beginning with a |
|||
working simple system. ∙ Programs never run the first time. ∙ Complex |
|||
programs never run. ∙ Anything worth doing once will probably have to be done |
|||
twice. The Functional indeterminacy Theorem: ∙ In complex systems, |
|||
malfunction and even total nonfunction may not be detectable for long |
|||
periods, if ever. The Kantian Hypothesis -or- Know-Nothing Theorem: ∙ Large |
|||
complex systems are beyond human capacity to evaluate. The Newtonian Lay of |
|||
Systems-Inertia: ∙ A system that performs a certain way will continue to |
|||
operate in that way regardless of the need of of changed conditions. ∙ A |
|||
system continues to do its thing, regardless of need. ∙ Systems develop goals |
|||
of their own the instant they come into being. ∙ Intrasystem goals come |
|||
first. Failure-Mode Theorems: ∙ Complex systems usually operate in failure |
|||
mode. ∙ A complex system can fail in a infinite number of ways. ∙ If anything |
|||
can go wrong, it will. ∙ The mode of failure of a complex system cannot |
|||
ordinarily be predicted from its structure. ∙ The crucial variables are |
|||
discovered by accident. ∙ The larger the system, the greater the probability |
|||
of unexpected failure. ∙ "Success" or "function" in any system may be failure |
|||
in the larger or smaller systems to which the system is connected. ∙ In |
|||
setting up a new system, tread softly. You may be disturbing another system |
|||
that is actually working. The Fail-Safe Theorem: ∙ When a fail-safe system |
|||
fails, it fails by failing to fail safe. ∙ Complex systems tend to produce |
|||
complex responses (not solutions) to problems. ∙ Great advances are not |
|||
produced by systems designed to produce great advances. ∙ Loose systems last |
|||
longer and work better. ∙ Efficient systems are dangerous to themselves and |
|||
to others. The Vector Theory of Systems: ∙ Systems run better when designed |
|||
to run downhill. ∙ Systems aligned with human motivational vectors will |
|||
sometimes work. Systems opposing such vectors work poorly or not at all. |
|||
Advanced Systems Theories: ∙ Everything is a system. ∙ Everything is a part |
|||
vectors work poorly or not at all. Advanced Systems Theories: ∙ Everything |
|||
of a larger system. ∙ The universe is infinitely systematized, both upward |
|||
[larger systems] and downward [smaller systems]. ∙ All systems are infinitely |
|||
complex. (The illusion of simplicity comes from focusing attention on one or |
|||
a few variables.) ∙ Parameters are variables travelling under an assumed |
|||
name. |
|||
variables travelling under an assumed name. |
|||
</pre> |
</pre> |
||
Output [justified] when specifying: <tt> , 70 both </tt> |
Output [justified] when specifying: <tt> , 70 both </tt> |
||
<pre style="height:15ex;overflow:scroll"> |
<pre style="height:15ex;overflow:scroll"> |
||
────────── Computer programming laws ────────── The Primal Scenario |
────────── Computer programming laws ────────── The Primal Scenario -or- |
||
Basic Datum of Experience: ∙ Systems in general work poorly or not at all. ∙ |
|||
Nothing complicated works. ∙ Complicated systems seldom exceed 5% efficiency. |
|||
∙ There is always a fly in the ointment. The Fundamental Theorem: ∙ New |
|||
systems generate new problems. Occam's Razor: ∙ Systems should not be |
|||
unnecessarily multiplied. The Law of Conservation of Energy: ∙ The total |
|||
Razor: ∙ Systems should not be unnecessarily multiplied. The Law of |
|||
amount of energy in the universe is constant. ∙ Systems operate by |
|||
Conservation of Energy: ∙ The total amount of energy in the universe |
|||
redistributing energy into different forms and into accumulations of |
|||
is constant. ∙ Systems operate by redistributing energy into different |
|||
different sizes. Laws of Growth: ∙ Systems tend to grow, and as they grow, |
|||
forms and into accumulations of different sizes. Laws of Growth: ∙ |
|||
they encroach. The Big-Bang Theorem of Systems-Cosmology: ∙ Systems tend to |
|||
Systems tend to grow, and as they grow, they encroach. The Big-Bang |
|||
expand to fill the known universe. Parkinson's Extended Law: ∙ The system |
|||
Theorem of Systems-Cosmology: ∙ Systems tend to expand to fill the |
|||
itself tends to expand at 5-6% per annum. The Generalized Uncertainty |
|||
known universe. Parkinson's Extended Law: ∙ The system itself tends to |
|||
Principle: ∙ Systems display antics. ∙ Complicated systems produce unexpected |
|||
expand at 5-6% per annum. The Generalized Uncertainty Principle: ∙ |
|||
outcomes. ∙ The total behavior of large systems cannot be predicted. The |
|||
Systems display antics. ∙ Complicated systems produce unexpected |
|||
Non-Additivity Theorem of Systems-Behavior -or- Climax Design Theorem: ∙ A |
|||
outcomes. ∙ The total behavior of large systems cannot be predicted. |
|||
large system, produced by expanding the dimensions of a smaller system, does |
|||
The Non-Addivity Theorem of Systems-Behavior -or- Climax Design |
|||
not behave like the smaller system. LeChateliers's Principle: ∙ Complex |
|||
Theorem: ∙ A large system, produced by expanding the dimensions of a |
|||
systems tend to oppose their own proper function. ∙ Systems get in the way. ∙ |
|||
smaller system, does not behave like the smaller system. |
|||
The system always kicks back. ∙ Positive feedback is dangerous. Functionary's |
|||
LeChateliers's Principle: ∙ Complex systems tend to oppose their own |
|||
Falsity: ∙ People in systems do not do what the system says they are doing. ∙ |
|||
The function performed by a system is not operationally identical to the |
|||
back. ∙ Positive feedback is dangerous. Functionary's Falsity: ∙ |
|||
function of the same name performed by a man. ∙ A function performed by a |
|||
People in systems do not do what the system says they are doing. ∙ The |
|||
larger system is not operationally identical to the function of the same name |
|||
performed by a smaller system. The Fundamental Law of Administrative |
|||
function of the same name performed by a man. ∙ A function performed |
|||
Workings: ∙ Things are what they are reported to be. ∙ The real world is |
|||
by a larger system is not operationally identical to the function of |
|||
whatever is reported to the system. ∙ If it isn't official; it didn't happen. |
|||
the same name performed by a smaller system. The Fundamental Law of |
|||
∙ If it's made in Detroit, it must be an automobile. ∙ A system is no better |
|||
Administrative Workings: ∙ Things are what they are reported to be. ∙ |
|||
than its sensory organs. ∙ To those within a system, the outside reality |
|||
The real world is whatever is reported to the system. ∙ If it isn't |
|||
tends to pale and disappear. ∙ Systems attract systems-people. ∙ For every |
|||
official; it didn't happen. ∙ If it's made in Detriot, it must be an |
|||
human system, there is a type of person adapted to thrive on it or in it. ∙ |
|||
The bigger the system, the narrower and more specialized the interface with |
|||
individuals. Administrator's Anxiety: ∙ Pushing on the systems doesn't help. |
|||
disappear. ∙ Systems attract systems-people. ∙ For every human system, |
|||
It just makes things worse. ∙ A complex system cannot be "made" to work. It |
|||
there is a type of person adapted to thrive on it or in it. ∙ The |
|||
either works or it doesn't. ∙ A simple system, designed from scratch, |
|||
bigger the system, the narrower and more specialized the interface |
|||
sometimes works. ∙ A simple system may or may not work. ∙ Some complex |
|||
with individuals. Administrator's Anxiety: ∙ Pushing on the systems |
|||
systems actually work. ∙ If a system is working, leave it alone. ∙ A complex |
|||
system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system |
|||
that works. ∙ A complex system designed from scratch never works and cannot |
|||
be patched up to make it work. You have to start over, beginning with a |
|||
not work. ∙ Some complex systems actually work. ∙ If a system is |
|||
working |
working simple system. ∙ Programs never run the first time. ∙ Complex |
||
programs never run. ∙ Anything worth doing once will probably have to be done |
|||
found to have evolved from a simple system that works. ∙ A complex |
|||
twice. The Functional indeterminacy Theorem: ∙ In complex systems, |
|||
system designed from scratch never works and cannot be patched up to |
|||
malfunction and even total nonfunction may not be detectable for long |
|||
make it work. You have to start over, beginning with a working simple |
|||
periods, if ever. The Kantian Hypothesis -or- Know-Nothing Theorem: ∙ Large |
|||
system. ∙ Programs never run the first time. ∙ Complex programs never |
|||
complex systems are beyond human capacity to evaluate. The Newtonian Lay of |
|||
run. ∙ Anything worth doing once will probably have to be done twice. |
|||
Systems-Inertia: ∙ A system that performs a certain way will continue to |
|||
The Functional indeterminancy Theorem: ∙ In complex systems, |
|||
operate in that way regardless of the need of of changed conditions. ∙ A |
|||
malfunction and even total nonfunction may not be detectable for long |
|||
system continues to do its thing, regardless of need. ∙ Systems develop goals |
|||
periods, if ever. The Kantian Hypothesis -or- Know-Nothing Theorem: ∙ |
|||
of their own the instant they come into being. ∙ Intrasystem goals come |
|||
Large complex systems are beyond human capacity to evaluate. The |
|||
first. Failure-Mode Theorems: ∙ Complex systems usually operate in failure |
|||
Newtonian Lay of Systems-Inertia: ∙ A system that performs a certain |
|||
mode. ∙ A complex system can fail in a infinite number of ways. ∙ If anything |
|||
way will continue to operate in that way regardless of the need of of |
|||
can go wrong, it will. ∙ The mode of failure of a complex system cannot |
|||
changed conditions. ∙ A system continues to do its thing, regardless |
|||
ordinarily be predicted from its structure. ∙ The crucial variables are |
|||
of need. ∙ Systems develop goals of their own the instant they come |
|||
discovered by accident. ∙ The larger the system, the greater the probability |
|||
into being. ∙ Intrasystem goals come first. Failure-Mode Theorems: ∙ |
|||
of unexpected failure. ∙ "Success" or "function" in any system may be failure |
|||
Complex systems usually operate in failure mode. ∙ A complex system |
|||
in the larger or smaller systems to which the system is connected. ∙ In |
|||
can fail in a infinite number of ways. ∙ If anything can go wrong, it |
|||
setting up a new system, tread softly. You may be disturbing another system |
|||
will. ∙ The mode of failure of a complex system cannot ordinarily be |
|||
that is actually working. The Fail-Safe Theorem: ∙ When a fail-safe system |
|||
predicted from its structure. ∙ The crucial variables are discovered |
|||
fails, it fails by failing to fail safe. ∙ Complex systems tend to produce |
|||
by accident. ∙ The larger the system, the greater the probability of |
|||
complex responses (not solutions) to problems. ∙ Great advances are not |
|||
unexpected failure. ∙ "Success" or "function" in any system may be |
|||
produced by systems designed to produce great advances. ∙ Loose systems last |
|||
failure in the larger or smaller systems to which the system is |
|||
longer and work better. ∙ Efficient systems are dangerous to themselves and |
|||
connected. ∙ In setting up a new system, tread softly. You may be |
|||
to others. The Vector Theory of Systems: ∙ Systems run better when designed |
|||
disturbing another system that is actually working. The Fail-Safe |
|||
to run downhill. ∙ Systems aligned with human motivational vectors will |
|||
Theorem: ∙ When a fail-safe system fails, it fails by failing to fail |
|||
sometimes work. Systems opposing such vectors work poorly or not at all. |
|||
safe. ∙ Complex systems tend to produce complex responses (not |
|||
Advanced Systems Theories: ∙ Everything is a system. ∙ Everything is a part |
|||
solutions) to problems. ∙ Great advances are not produced by systems |
|||
of a larger system. ∙ The universe is infinitely systematized, both upward |
|||
designed to produce great advances. ∙ Loose systems last longer and |
|||
[larger systems] and downward [smaller systems]. ∙ All systems are infinitely |
|||
work better. ∙ Efficient systems are dangerous to themselves and to |
|||
complex. (The illusion of simplicity comes from focusing attention on one or |
|||
others. The Vector Theory of Systems: ∙ Systems run better when |
|||
a few variables.) ∙ Parameters are variables travelling under an assumed |
|||
designed to run downhill. ∙ Systems aligned with human motivational |
|||
name. |
|||
vectors will sometimes work. Systems opposing such vectors work poorly |
|||
or not at all. Advanced Systems Theories: ∙ Everything is a system. ∙ |
|||
Everything is a part of a larger system. ∙ The universe is infinitely |
|||
systematized, both upward [larger systems] and downward [smaller |
|||
systems]. ∙ All systems are infinitely complex. (The illusion of |
|||
simplicity comes from focusing attention on one or a few variables.) ∙ |
|||
Parameters are variables travelling under an assumed name. |
|||
</pre> |
</pre> |
||