Uno (Card Game)/Python: Difference between revisions
m (display rows) |
m (initial deal size) |
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shuffle(deck[28:]) |
shuffle(deck[28:]) |
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hands = [deck[i:i+ |
hands = [deck[i:i+7] for i in range(0, 27, 7)] |
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self.drawpile = drawpile |
self.drawpile = drawpile |
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Revision as of 18:03, 12 October 2021
Uses the Tk library.
<lang python>""" Uno Card Game """
from numpy.random import choice, rand, shuffle from time import sleep import tkinter as tk from tkinter.scrolledtext import ScrolledText from threading import Thread
- =========== IPC section ===================#
""" channel is a queue which communicates player's mouse choice of card or color to game logic """ channel = []
""" flush the channel from mouse choice to game logic """ def flushchannel():
while len(channel) > 0:
channel.pop()
""" challenge flag: true if challenge taken by player """ challengetaken = [False]
""" display change flag: first true if any discard done, second if player drew or discard """ displaychanged = [True, True]
- ============ Game play section ==================#
class UnoCard:
""" The Uno card. The first field is color, second field is number or command. """
def __init__(self, c, t):
self.cardcolor = c
self.cardtype = t
return
def str(self):
return 'UnoCard(' + self.cardcolor + ', ' + self.cardtype + ')'
class UnoCardGamePlayer:
""" Each Uno player has a name, a score, may be a bot, and has a hand of UnoCards. """
def __init__(self, name, score, isabot, hand):
self.name = name
self.score = score
self.isabot = isabot
self.hand = hand
return
""" classifications of colors and types for card faces """ colors = ['Blue', 'Green', 'Red', 'Yellow'] # suit colors tkcolor = {'Blue': 'blue', 'Green': 'green', 'Red': 'red', 'Yellow': 'gold',
'Wild': 'black', 'None': 'lightyellow'}
types = ['0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'Skip', 'Draw Two', 'Reverse'] numtypes = types[:-3] wildtypes = ['Wild', 'Draw Four'] cmdtypes = types[-3:] + wildtypes alltypes = types + wildtypes unopreferred = ['Skip', 'Draw Two', 'Reverse', 'Draw Four'] ttypes = sorted(types + types)[1:] typeordering = ['0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'Wild', 'Skip',
'Reverse', 'Draw Two', 'Draw Four']
""" The Uno card game deck, unshuffled. """ originaldeck = [UnoCard(c, v) for v in ttypes for c in colors] + \
[UnoCard('Wild', 'Wild') for _ in range(4)] + \
[UnoCard('Wild', 'Draw Four') for _ in range(4)]
class UnoCardGameState:
"""
Encapsulates a board state of the gane, including players, cards, color being played,
order of play, current player, and whether the card showing has had its command used
"""
def __init__(self, playernames=['Player', 'Bot1', 'Bot2', 'Bot3'], oldscores = []):
"""
Construct and initialize Uno game. Includes dealing hands and picking who is to start.
"""
deck = originaldeck.copy()
shuffle(deck)
while True: # cannot start with a Draw Four on discard pile top
discardpile, drawpile = [deck[28]], deck[29:]
if discardpile[-1] != 'Draw Four':
break
shuffle(deck[28:])
hands = [deck[i:i+7] for i in range(0, 27, 7)]
self.drawpile = drawpile
self.discardpile = discardpile
self.players = [UnoCardGamePlayer(playernames[i], 0,
playernames[i][:3] == 'Bot', hands[i]) for i in range(len(playernames))]
if len(oldscores) > 0:
for i, n in enumerate(oldscores):
self.players[i].score = n
self.pnow = 0
self.colornow = 'Wild'
self.lastcolor = 'Wild'
self.clockwise = True
self.commandsvalid = True
dealer = choice(range(len(playernames)))
logline(f"Player {playernames[dealer]} is dealer.")
# handle an initial Reverse card
if discardpile[-1].cardtype == 'Reverse':
self.clockwise = False
logline('First card Reverse, so starting counterclockwise with dealer.')
self.commandsvalid = False
self.pnow = dealer
else:
self.nextplayer(dealer)
logline(f"Player {playernames[self.pnow]} starts play.")
if discardpile[-1].cardcolor == 'Wild':
self.choosecolor()
self.commandsvalid = False
else:
self.colornow = discardpile[-1].cardcolor
displaychanged[0], displaychanged[1] = True, True
return
def nextplayer(self, idx=None):
""" Set the next player to play to game.pnow (clockwise or counterclockwise) """
if idx == None:
idx = self.pnow
self.pnow = (idx + 1 if self.clockwise else idx - 1) % len(self.players)
def nextsaiduno(self):
"""
Returns true if the next player to play has said Uno, which means they have
only one card left. If so, it is best for the current player if they play
to make the Uno sayer draw cards or lose a turn.
"""
nextp = (self.pnow + (1 if self.clockwise else -1)) % len(self.players)
return len(self.players[nextp].hand) == 1
def playableindices(self):
""" Return a vector of indices of cards in hand that are legal to discard """
hand = self.players[self.pnow].hand
mcolor, mtype = self.colornow, self.discardpile[-1].cardtype
return [i for i, c in enumerate(hand) if \
c.cardcolor == mcolor or c.cardtype == mtype or c.cardcolor == 'Wild']
def nextgame(self):
scores = [x.score for x in self.players]
self.__init__([p.name for p in self.players], scores)
def drawcardsfromdeck(self, n=1):
""" Current player to draw n cards from the draw pile. """
if n in [2, 4]:
self.commandsvalid = False
if n == 4: # draw four
# bot will challenge half the time, player must challenge in 5 seconds.
if (self.players[self.pnow].isabot and rand() < 0.5) or \
((not self.players[self.pnow].isabot) and challengetaken[0]):
challengetaken[0] = False
logline(f"{self.players[self.pnow].name} challenged Draw Four!")
challenger, savecolor = self.pnow, self.colornow
self.nextplayer(); self.nextplayer(); self.nextplayer(); # prior player
self.colornow = self.lastcolor
hand = self.players[self.pnow].hand
if any([x.cardcolor == self.colornow for x in hand]):
logline('Challenge sustained! Challenged Draw Four player draws 4.')
self.drawcardsfromdeck(2)
self.drawcardsfromdeck(2) # draw 2 twice, avoids case with draw 4 code
self.pnow, self.colornow = challenger, savecolor
return
else:
logline('Challenge fails. Challenging player now draws 6.')
n = 6
self.pnow, self.colornow = challenger, savecolor
challengetaken[0] = False
s = "1 card." if n == 1 else f"{n} cards."
logline(f"Player {self.players[self.pnow].name} draws {s}")
for _ in range(n):
self.players[self.pnow].hand.append(self.drawpile.pop())
if len(self.drawpile) == 0: # out of draw pile
self.drawpile = shuffle(self.discardpile[:-2])
self.discardpile = [self.discardpile[-1]]
if self.pnow == 0:
displaychanged[1] = True
def discard(self, idx=-1):
"""
Current player to discard card at index idx in hand (last card in hand as default).
Handle wild card discard by having current player choose the new self.colornow.
"""
hand = self.players[self.pnow].hand
hand[idx], hand[-1] = hand[-1], hand[idx]
self.discardpile.append(hand.pop())
lastdiscard = self.discardpile[-1]
logline(f"Player {self.players[self.pnow].name} discarded {lastdiscard.str()}")
self.lastcolor = self.colornow
if lastdiscard.cardcolor == 'Wild': # wild card discard, so choose a color to be colornow
self.choosecolor()
logline(f"New color chosen: {self.colornow}")
else:
self.colornow = lastdiscard.cardcolor
self.commandsvalid = True
if self.pnow == 0:
displaychanged[1] = True
displaychanged[0] = True
def turn(self):
"""
Execute a single turn of the game for one player. Command cards are followed
only the first turn after played even if the still show as a discard.
"""
name, hand = self.players[self.pnow].name, self.players[self.pnow].hand
lastdiscard, indices = self.discardpile[-1], self.playableindices()
mtype = lastdiscard.cardtype
assert len(hand) > 0, f"Empty hand held by {name}"
if mtype in cmdtypes and self.commandsvalid and mtype != 'Wild':
self.commandsvalid = False
if mtype == 'Draw Four':
self.drawcardsfromdeck(4)
elif mtype == 'Draw Two':
self.drawcardsfromdeck(2)
elif mtype == 'Skip': # skip, no uno check
logline(f"{name} skips a turn.")
elif mtype == 'Reverse':
self.clockwise = not self.clockwise
logline('Reverse: now going ' + \
('clockwise' if self.clockwise else 'counter-clockwise.'))
self.nextplayer()
self.nextplayer()
return
else: # num card, or command card is already used
if len(indices) == 0:
self.drawcardsfromdeck(1) # draw, then discard if drawn card is a match
indices = self.playableindices()
if len(indices) > 0:
logline('Drawn card was discardable.')
self.discard(indices[0])
elif name[:3] != 'Bot': # not bot, so player moves
logline('Click on a card to play.')
flushchannel()
while True:
if len(channel) > 0:
item = channel.pop()
if item in indices:
self.discard(item)
break
else:
logline('That card is not playable.')
else:
sleep(0.1)
top.update()
elif self.nextsaiduno(): # bot might need to stop next player win
hand.sort(key=cardvalue)
indices = self.playableindices()
self.discard(indices[-1])
else: # bot play any playable in hand
self.discard(choice(indices))
if len(hand) == 1:
logline(f"{name} says UNO!")
self.nextplayer()
def choosecolor(self):
"""
Choose a new self.colornow, automatically if a bot, via player choice if not a bot.
"""
logline(f"Player {self.players[self.pnow].name} choosing color")
hand = self.players[self.pnow].hand
if len(hand) == 0:
self.colornow = choice(colors)
elif self.players[self.pnow].isabot:
self.colornow = preferredcolor(hand)
else:
flushchannel()
while True:
if len(channel) > 0:
item = channel.pop(0)
if item in colors:
self.colornow = item
break
else:
sleep(0.1)
logline(f"Current color is now {self.colornow}.")
def cardscore(c):
t = c.cardtype return 50 if t == 'Draw Four' else 20 if t in cmdtypes else int(t)
def handscore(hand):
return 0 if len(hand) == 0 else sum(cardscore(x) for x in hand)
def cardvalue(c):
return next(filter(lambda x: x == c.cardtype, typeordering), 0)
def countcolor(cards, clr):
return sum([c.cardcolor == clr for c in cards])
def colorcounts(cards):
return sorted([(countcolor(cards, clr), clr) for clr in colors])
""" Preferred color is the one that is most counted in the hand. """ def preferredcolor(hand):
return colorcounts(hand)[-1][1]
- ================ required documentation section ======================#
unodocs = """ Official Rules For Uno Card Game The aim of the game is to be the first player to score 500 points, achieved (usually over several rounds of play) by being the first to play all of one's own cards and scoring points for the cards still held by the other players. The deck consists of 108 cards: four each of "Wild" and "Wild Draw Four", and 25 each of four colors (red, yellow, green, blue). Each color consists of one zero, two each of 1 through 9, and two each of "Skip", "Draw Two", and "Reverse". These last three types are known as "action cards". To start a hand, seven cards are dealt to each player, and the top card of the remaining deck is flipped over and set aside to begin the discard pile. The player to the dealer's left plays first unless the first card on the discard pile is an action or Wild card (see below). On a player's turn, they must do one of the following:
- play one card matching the discard in color, number, or symbol
- play a Wild card, or a playable Wild Draw Four card (see restriction below)
- draw the top card from the deck, then play it if possible
Cards are played by laying them face-up on top of the discard pile. Play proceeds clockwise around the table. Action or Wild cards have the following effects:
===================================================================================================================================================
Card Effect when played from hand Effect as first discard
Skip Next player in sequence misses a turn Player to dealer's left misses a turn Reverse Order of play switches directions (clockwise to counterclockwise, or vice versa) Dealer plays first; play proceeds counterclockwise Draw Two Next player in sequence draws two cards and misses a turn Player to dealer's left draws two cards and misses a turn Wild Player declares the next color to be matched ; current color may be chosen Player to dealer's left declares the first color to be matched and plays a card in it Wild Draw Four Player declares the next color to be matched; next player in sequence draws four Return card to the deck, shuffle, flip top card to start discard pile A player who draws from the deck must either play or keep that card and may play no other card from their hand on that turn. A player may play a Wild card at any time, even if that player has other playable cards. A player may play a Wild Draw Four card only if that player has no cards matching the current color. The player may have cards of a different color matching the current number or symbol or a Wild card and still play the Wild Draw Four card.[5] A player who plays a Wild Draw Four may be challenged by the next player in sequence (see Penalties) to prove that their hand meets this condition. If the entire deck is used during play, the top discard is set aside and the rest of the pile is shuffled to create a new deck. Play then proceeds normally. It is illegal to trade cards of any sort with another player. A player who plays their next-to-last-card must call "uno" as a warning to the other players.[6] The first player to get rid of their last card ("going out") wins the hand and scores points for the cards held by the other players. Number cards count their face value, all action cards count 20, and Wild and Wild Draw Four cards count 50. If a Draw Two or Wild Draw Four card is played to go out, the next player in the sequence must draw the appropriate number of cards before the score is tallied. The first player to score 500 points wins the game. Penalties
=
If a player does not call "uno" after laying down their next-to-last card and is caught before the next player in sequence takes a turn (i.e., plays a card from their hand, draws from the deck, or touches the discard pile), they must draw two cards as a penalty. If the player is not caught in time (subject to interpretation) or remembers to call "uno" before being caught, they suffer no penalty. If a player plays a Wild Draw Four card, the following player can challenge its use. The player who used the Wild Draw Four must privately show their hand to the challenging player, in order to demonstrate that they had no matching colored cards. If the challenge is correct, then the challenged player draws four cards instead. If the challenge is wrong, then the challenger must draw six cards; the four cards they were already required to draw plus two more cards. """
- ============ GUI interface section =======================#
top = tk.Tk() righthandside = tk.Frame(top, height=700, width=310) righthandside.pack(side=tk.RIGHT) lefthandside = tk.Frame(top, height=700, width=810) lefthandside.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
def chalcmd(): challengetaken[0] = True chal = tk.Button(righthandside, width=50, text='Challenge', command = chalcmd) chal.pack(side=tk.BOTTOM)
def cb(): channel.append('Blue') def cg(): channel.append('Green') def cr(): channel.append('Red') def cy(): channel.append('Yellow') cmd = [cb, cg, cr, cy] for i, c in enumerate(colors):
b = tk.Button(righthandside, bg=tkcolor[c], width=50, text=c, fg="white",
command=cmd[i])
b.pack(side=tk.BOTTOM)
log_area = ScrolledText(righthandside, wrap=tk.WORD, width=50, height=40, font=("Courier", 8)) log_area.insert('1.0', ' ') log_area.pack(side=tk.TOP)
canvas = tk.Canvas(lefthandside, width=810, height=700, bg='lightyellow') canvas.pack()
""" Lines are logged by extending logtxt at its start. """ def logline(txt):
log_area.insert('1.0', '\n' + txt)
log_area.update()
def cbutton(txt, clr):
""" CSS style button for bold colored text """ return
def drawunocard(canvas, card, x0, y0, width, height, bcolor='white'):
fcolor = tkcolor[card.cardcolor]
radius = (width + height) / 4
x1 = x0 + width
y1 = y0 + height
points = [x0 + radius, y0, x0 + radius, y0, x1 - radius, y0, x1 - radius, y0, x1, y0,
x1, y0 + radius, x1, y0 + radius, x1, y1 - radius, x1, y1 - radius, x1, y1,
x1 - radius, y1, x1 - radius, y1, x0 + radius, y1, x0 + radius, y1, x0, y1,
x0, y1 - radius, x0, y1 - radius, x0, y0 + radius, x0, y0 + radius, x0, y0]
canvas.create_polygon(points, outline=fcolor, fill=fcolor, smooth=True)
txt = card.cardtype.upper()
if txt[0] in ['R', 'S', 'W']:
txt = txt[0]
elif txt[0] == 'D':
txt = 'D' + ('2' if txt[-1] == 'O' else '4')
canvas.create_text(x0 + 0.5 * width, y0 + height / 3, fill=bcolor, text=txt)
def drawfacedowncard(canvas, x0, y0, width, height, bcolor="darkgray"):
""" Face down Uno cards are blank dark gray rectangles with rounded corners. """
drawunocard(canvas, UnoCard("Wild", " "), x0, y0, width, height, bcolor)
cardpositions = {}
def clickcallback(evt):
""" Tk mouse callback: translates valid mouse clicks to a channel item """
for p in cardpositions.items():
x0, y0, x1, y1 = p[1]
if x0 < evt.x < x1 and y0 < evt.y < y1:
channel.append(p[0])
return
canvas.bind("<Button-1>", clickcallback)
- announce the rules and penalties per task description
tk.messagebox.showinfo(title=None, message=unodocs)
- display the game on the Tk canvas
def drawposition(canvas, game):
hand = game.players[0].hand
if displaychanged[0]:
""" Draw the game board on the canvas including player's hand """
canvas.update()
height, width = canvas.winfo_reqheight(), canvas.winfo_reqwidth()
canvas.create_polygon(0, 0, width, height, fill='lightyellow')
canvas.create_text(360, 420, fill="navy", text=game.players[0].name)
canvas.create_text(60, 300, fill="navy", text=game.players[1].name)
canvas.create_text(370, 60, fill="navy", text=game.players[2].name)
canvas.create_text(680, 300, fill="navy", text=game.players[3].name)
drawunocard(canvas, game.discardpile[-1], 310, 240, 40, 80)
drawfacedowncard(canvas, 370, 240, 40, 80)
displaychanged[0] = False
if displaychanged[1] and len(hand) > 0:
canvas.create_polygon(30, 500, 800, 500, 800, 690, 30, 690, fill='lightyellow')
canvas.update()
nrow = (len(hand) - 1) // 16 + 1
for row in range(nrow):
cards = hand[row * 16 : min(len(hand), (row + 1) * 16)]
startx, starty = 40 + (16 - len(cards)) * 20, 500 + 85 * row
for i, card in enumerate(cards):
idx, x0 = i, startx + 50 * i
cardpositions[idx] = [x0, starty, x0 + 40, starty + 80]
drawunocard(canvas, card, x0, starty, 40, 80)
displaychanged[1] = False
sleep(0.5)
- Run the game itself.
GAME = UnoCardGameState() ROUND = [1]
class UnoGameApp(Thread):
def __init__(self):
self.data = {} # initial data value
super().__init__()
def run(self):
while True:
# do the turns of play in the game, keeping score totals from the rounds
drawposition(canvas, GAME)
canvas.update()
if all([len(x.hand) > 0 for x in GAME.players]):
GAME.turn()
if GAME.players[GAME.pnow].name[:4] == "Play" and \
GAME.discardpile[-1].cardtype == "Draw Four" and GAME.commandsvalid:
drawposition(canvas, GAME)
tk.messagebox.showinfo(title=None,
message="Click Challenge within 5 seconds to challenge Draw Four")
sleep(5)
drawposition(canvas, GAME)
else:
winner = [i for i in range(len(GAME.players)) \
if len(GAME.players[i].hand) == 0][0]
if GAME.discardpile[-1].cardtype == "Draw Two":
GAME.nextplayer() # next player might have to draw before scoring done
GAME.drawcardsfromdeck(2)
elif GAME.discardpile[-1].cardtype == "Draw Four":
GAME.nextplayer()
GAME.drawcardsfromdeck(2)
GAME.drawcardsfromdeck(2) # D2 twice because not to be contested as a D4
handsums = sum([handscore(x.hand) for x in GAME.players])
GAME.players[winner].score += handsums
logline(f"Player {GAME.players[winner].name} wins round {ROUND[0]}!")
tk.messagebox.showinfo(title=None,
message=f"The winner of round {ROUND[0]} is {GAME.players[winner].name}.\n" + \
f"Winner gains {handsums} points.")
logline(f"Scores: {[x.score for x in GAME.players]}")
if any([x.score >= 500 for x in GAME.players]):
s = "Game over. Scores:\n\n"
for p in GAME.players:
s += f" {p.name}: {p.score} {'WINNER!' if p.score >= 500 else }\n"
tk.messagebox.showinfo(title="Game Over", message=s)
sleep(1)
exit()
logline("-------------------------\nNew round!\n-----------------------")
GAME.nextgame()
ROUND[0] += 1
drawposition(canvas, GAME)
sleep(0.1)
app = UnoGameApp()
app.setDaemon(True)
app.start()
top.mainloop()
</lang>