Solve a Rubik's cube: Difference between revisions

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(→‎{{header|Go}}: Added code to check there were no errors whilst scanning the file. Changed previous error handling code to use log.Fatal().)
(julia example)
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Same as Kotlin entry apart, of course, from the timings.
Same as Kotlin entry apart, of course, from the timings.
</pre>
</pre>


=={{header|Julia}}==
{{trans|Kotlin}}
<lang julia>#=**********************************************************************
*
* A cube 'state' is a vector<int> with 40 entries, the first 20
* are a permutation of {0,...,19} and describe which cubie is at
* a certain position (regarding the input ordering). The first
* twelve are for edges, the last eight for corners.
*
* The last 20 entries are for the orientations, each describing
* how often the cubie at a certain position has been turned
* counterclockwise away from the correct orientation. Again the
* first twelve are edges, the last eight are corners. The values
* are 0 or 1 for edges and 0, 1 or 2 for corners.
*
*********************************************************************=#

const applicablemoves = [0, 262143, 259263, 74943, 74898]

const affectedcubies = [
0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3; # U
4 7 6 5 4 5 6 7; # D
0 9 4 8 0 3 5 4; # F
2 10 6 11 2 1 7 6; # B
3 11 7 9 3 2 6 5; # L
1 8 5 10 1 0 4 7] # R

function applymove(move, state)
state2, oldstate2 = deepcopy(state), zeros(Int, length(state))
face, turns = divrem(move, 3) .+ 1
while turns != 0
turns -= 1
oldstate2 .= state2
for i in 1:8
iscorner = i > 4
target = affectedcubies[face, i] + iscorner * 12 + 1
temp = ((i-1) & 3) == 3 ? i - 3 : i + 1
killer = affectedcubies[face, temp] + iscorner * 12 + 1
orientationdelta = i < 5 ? Int(face in [3, 4]) : face < 3 ? 0 : 2 - ((i-1) & 1)
state2[target] = oldstate2[killer]
state2[target + 20] = oldstate2[killer + 20] + orientationdelta
(turns == 0) && (state2[target + 20] %= 2 + iscorner)
end
end
return state2
end

inverse(move) = move + 2 - 2 * (move % 3)

function id(state::Vector{Int}, phase::Int)
#--- Phase 1: Edge orientations.
if phase < 2
return state[21:32]
elseif phase < 3
#-- Phase 2: Corner orientations, E slice edges.
result = state[32:40]
for e in 0:11
result[1] |= ((state[e + 1] ÷ 8) << e)
end
return result
elseif phase < 4
#--- Phase 3: Edge slices M and S, corner tetrads, overall parity.
result = zeros(Int, 3)
for e in 0:11
result[1] |= state[e + 1] > 7 ? 2 : (state[e + 1] & 1) << (2 * e)
end
for c in 0:7
result[2] |= ((state[c + 12 + 1] - 12) & 5) << (3 * c)
end
for i in 13:19, j in i+1:20
result[3] ⊻= Int(state[i] > state[j])
end
return result
end
#--- Phase 4: The rest.
return state
end

function pochmann(fname)
starttime = time_ns() ÷ 1000000
aggregatemoves = 0
#--- Define the goal.
goal = ["UF", "UR", "UB", "UL", "DF", "DR", "DB", "DL", "FR", "FL", "BR", "BL",
"UFR", "URB", "UBL", "ULF", "DRF", "DFL", "DLB", "DBR"]

#--- Load dataset (file name should be passed as a command line argument).
file = read(fname, String)
linecount = 0
for line in split(strip(file), "\n")
inputs = split(line)
linecount += 1
totalmoves = 0
#--- Prepare current (start) and goal state.
state, goalstate, phase = zeros(Int, 40), zeros(Int, 40), 0
for i in 1:20
#--- Goal state.
goalstate[i] = i - 1

#--- Current (start) state.
cubie = inputs[i]
while true
state[i] = something(findfirst(x -> x .== cubie, goal), 21) - 1
(state[i] != 20) && break
cubie = cubie[2:end] * cubie[1]
state[i + 20] += 1
end
end
#--- Dance the funky Thistlethwaite...
@label nextphase # preserves phase value, but restarts while loop
while (phase += 1) < 5
#--- Compute ids for current and goal state, skip phase if equal.
currentid = id(state, phase)
goalid = id(goalstate, phase)
currentid == goalid && continue

#--- Initialize the BFS queue.
q = [state, goalstate]
#--- Initialize the BFS tables.
predecessor = Dict{Vector{Int}, Vector{Int}}()
direction = Dict{Vector{Int}, Int}()
lastmove = Dict{Vector{Int}, Int}()
direction[currentid] = 1
direction[goalid] = 2

#--- Dance the funky bidirectional BFS...
while true
#--- Get state from queue, compute its ID and get its direction.
oldstate = popfirst!(q)
oldid = id(oldstate, phase)
olddir = get!(direction, oldid, 0)

#--- Apply all applicable moves to it and handle the new state.
for move in 0:17
if applicablemoves[phase + 1] & (1 << UInt(move)) != 0
#--- Apply the move.
newstate = applymove(move, oldstate)
newid = id(newstate, phase)
newdir = get!(direction, newid, 0)

#--- Have we seen this state (id) from the other direction already?
#--- I.e. have we found a connection?
if (newdir != 0) && (newdir != olddir)
#--- Make oldid represent the forwards
#--- and newid the backwards search state.
if olddir > 1
newid, oldid = oldid, newid
move = inverse(move)
end

#--- Reconstruct the connecting algorithm.
algorithm = [move]
while oldid != currentid
pushfirst!(algorithm, get(lastmove, oldid, 0))
oldid = get!(predecessor, oldid, Int[])
end
while newid != goalid
push!(algorithm, inverse(get!(lastmove, newid, 0)))
newid = get!(predecessor, newid, Int[])
end

#--- Print and apply the algorithm.
for i in 1:length(algorithm)
print("UDFBLR"[algorithm[i] ÷ 3 + 1])
print(algorithm[i] % 3 + 1)
print(" ")
totalmoves += 1
state = applymove(algorithm[i], state)
end

#--- Jump to the next phase.
@goto nextphase
end
#--- If we've never seen this state (id) before, visit it.
if newdir == 0
push!(q, newstate)
direction[newid] = olddir
lastmove[newid] = move
predecessor[newid] = oldid
end
end
move += 1
end
end
end
println(" (moves $totalmoves)")
aggregatemoves += totalmoves
end
elapsedtime = time_ns() ÷ 1000000 - starttime
println("\nAverage number of moves = $(aggregatemoves / linecount)")
println("\nAverage time = $(elapsedtime / linecount) milliseconds")
end

pochmann("rubikdata.txt")
</lang>{{out}}
Using the 100-line database:
<pre style="height:45ex">
(moves 0)
U1 U2 (moves 2)
U2 (moves 1)
U1 (moves 1)
F1 F2 (moves 2)
F2 (moves 1)
F1 (moves 1)
R1 R2 (moves 2)
R2 (moves 1)
R1 (moves 1)
D1 D2 (moves 2)
D2 (moves 1)
D1 (moves 1)
B1 B2 (moves 2)
B2 (moves 1)
B1 (moves 1)
L1 L2 (moves 2)
L2 (moves 1)
L1 (moves 1)
U2 B3 B2 (moves 3)
L2 U3 (moves 2)
R1 U1 (moves 2)
D3 L3 (moves 2)
D3 L2 (moves 2)
D2 F3 F2 (moves 3)
R2 F3 (moves 2)
R1 F2 F2 R2 F2 (moves 5)
D1 D2 U2 (moves 3)
L1 B2 F2 L2 R2 B2 F2 (moves 7)
L1 L2 D3 (moves 3)
D1 F2 (moves 2)
U2 R3 (moves 2)
L1 L2 U3 (moves 3)
U1 R2 (moves 2)
U1 R3 (moves 2)
F1 U2 (moves 2)
U2 R3 R2 (moves 3)
F2 D1 F3 (moves 3)
F2 D3 D2 U2 (moves 4)
L3 D2 R3 (moves 3)
D2 R3 R2 D3 (moves 4)
F1 R1 B2 B2 R2 B2 (moves 6)
L1 B2 F2 (moves 3)
U1 R2 B3 B2 (moves 4)
R2 F3 R2 (moves 3)
L2 D3 R3 R2 (moves 4)
L2 F3 L2 L2 F2 L2 (moves 6)
F1 R1 B3 D3 B2 D3 L3 U2 L3 U2 L2 U2 L2 U3 R2 U1 F2 L2 U2 B2 L2 F2 U2 L2 U2 F2 D2 F2 U2 (moves 29)
L1 L2 U3 R2 (moves 4)
L3 B3 B2 R3 R2 (moves 5)
B2 U1 R3 R2 (moves 4)
L3 B3 L2 (moves 3)
D1 B2 L3 L2 (moves 4)
B1 B2 R3 F2 F2 R2 F2 (moves 7)
D1 F3 D1 D2 (moves 4)
R1 B3 D1 R2 F3 L1 U2 F2 D3 B2 D1 L3 U1 F2 R2 U1 L2 U1 F2 U2 R2 U3 F2 U3 F2 D2 F2 L2 F2 L2 F2 U2 F2 D2 L2 (moves 35)
F1 R1 U3 D1 B3 U3 D2 L3 B2 R1 F2 D3 L3 U2 R2 D1 R2 B2 U2 L2 U3 U2 F2 U2 L2 B2 R2 D2 R2 D2 B2 L2 F2 U2 (moves 34)
U1 R1 F3 L1 R2 U3 L1 D2 F2 U3 L3 L2 U1 F2 D3 F2 F2 U2 D2 L2 U2 F2 R2 F2 D2 R2 U2 (moves 27)
R1 D3 R3 F3 R1 D3 F2 U1 R3 D2 U1 R3 F2 U1 L2 U3 F2 U1 B2 D2 L2 D3 F2 F2 U2 F2 D2 L2 U2 L2 F2 L2 U2 R2 (moves 34)
D2 R1 B1 L1 F3 U2 D3 L2 R1 D3 B2 U1 F2 L3 F2 U3 B2 U3 B2 L2 U3 B2 U3 F2 U2 F2 U2 L2 F2 R2 B2 D2 L2 D2 F2 (moves 35)
B3 U2 L1 F3 F2 U1 R3 D1 F2 R3 D3 B2 R3 B2 U1 F2 U3 R2 U1 R2 U3 R2 L2 F2 U2 R2 F2 D2 R2 B2 U2 R2 B2 (moves 33)
L1 F3 L2 D3 U1 F3 L1 B2 R1 U1 D1 B2 R3 U1 L2 U1 B2 U1 F2 U3 L2 D1 F2 U3 F2 U2 D2 R2 U2 L2 F2 R2 U2 F2 R2 (moves 35)
F1 R3 U2 F3 B2 U1 L1 U1 R3 B2 U1 R3 R2 U3 L2 U1 B2 U2 R2 U3 L2 U3 F2 L2 U2 F2 U2 B2 L2 D2 L2 F2 L2 F2 U2 (moves 35)
U2 D3 B3 U1 L2 D1 R1 U3 L3 D2 U1 R3 U3 B2 D3 R2 F2 U3 F2 U3 U2 B2 D2 B2 L2 F2 R2 D2 R2 (moves 29)
D2 L3 U3 F3 B2 U3 L1 U2 R3 D2 L3 U2 L2 U3 R2 B2 D3 F2 R2 U3 U2 L2 U2 F2 U2 D2 R2 F2 U2 B2 D2 (moves 31)
F1 L1 U1 L1 B3 U3 L1 F2 L1 B2 F2 U3 L3 F2 D3 B2 D3 R2 U1 F2 U3 L2 U3 U2 F2 D2 B2 U2 F2 R2 F2 L2 (moves 32)
B1 L1 U3 F3 B2 U1 L3 B2 R3 L3 U3 L3 D2 B2 D3 F2 L2 U2 R2 U3 F2 U3 F2 L2 U2 B2 L2 U2 B2 F2 R2 U2 F2 (moves 33)
F2 L3 F1 D3 B3 B2 U3 R1 D3 U3 L3 L2 R2 U3 B2 D1 B2 U3 R2 U3 F2 L2 F2 L2 U2 F2 B2 R2 B2 L2 (moves 30)
D3 F3 U1 B2 U3 L1 D1 R3 U3 F2 L3 U1 F2 U2 L2 U3 L2 B2 R2 L2 D1 F2 F2 L2 U2 F2 L2 U2 R2 D2 B2 R2 L2 (moves 33)
F2 R3 U2 F3 U2 L2 B2 D1 F2 R3 B2 D1 L3 D2 R2 B2 D1 R2 B2 U1 L2 B2 R2 B2 R2 D2 L2 D2 F2 L2 B2 L2 F2 (moves 33)
U1 R3 F3 D3 R3 B2 L3 D1 F2 U1 R3 L2 U1 B2 D1 L2 U3 R2 U1 L2 U3 F2 U3 F2 U2 B2 L2 D2 L2 U2 R2 F2 (moves 32)
F1 R1 F1 D3 B3 F3 U1 R2 F2 U1 L3 U1 F2 U2 R2 U1 R2 U3 L2 U3 D2 L2 F2 L2 F2 U2 B2 U2 L2 F2 (moves 30)
F3 R3 L2 B3 U1 B2 U1 F2 U2 B2 R3 D2 L3 B2 U1 F2 U3 L2 U1 B2 D3 L2 U1 L2 U2 L2 D2 R2 F2 D2 F2 U2 R2 U2 (moves 34)
D1 B3 D2 L1 F3 U3 F2 D2 L3 F2 L3 D3 L3 D1 L2 B2 U3 R2 U1 R2 U3 L2 U3 L2 D2 R2 D2 F2 R2 F2 L2 D2 U2 F2 U2 (moves 35)
U1 B1 D1 R3 F3 U1 B2 R1 U3 L1 D3 B2 U1 R3 U2 F2 L2 U3 R2 U1 B2 D3 B2 U1 L2 F2 U2 D2 L2 U2 B2 R2 B2 L2 D2 L2 (moves 36)
U3 F1 L1 F3 B2 U1 B2 R2 D1 R1 U2 L3 U1 F2 R2 U3 L2 U3 B2 F2 R2 F2 B2 U2 R2 F2 L2 U2 L2 (moves 29)
U1 B2 L1 B3 F3 U1 F2 B2 R2 D3 R3 U3 L3 B2 U1 F2 U3 F2 U3 L2 U2 F2 R2 B2 R2 U2 F2 U2 F2 U2 F2 (moves 31)
U1 B1 U3 D1 F3 U2 D3 R3 D1 U1 L1 F2 L3 D2 L2 U1 F2 B2 R2 U3 F2 U1 L2 U2 R2 F2 D2 F2 U2 L2 B2 U2 F2 (moves 33)
D1 F3 U2 R1 B3 L1 B2 R1 U3 L2 D3 F2 R3 L2 D2 L2 D3 L2 F2 U3 F2 B2 D2 L2 B2 L2 B2 D2 L2 F2 U2 F2 U2 (moves 33)
R1 B1 D3 F3 D1 R3 D3 B2 L2 B2 U2 L3 L2 U2 B2 L2 U2 F2 U3 U2 F2 L2 D2 L2 B2 U2 R2 F2 L2 B2 (moves 30)
U1 D2 F1 L1 B3 D1 B2 D3 L2 R1 D3 L2 U2 R3 D2 F2 U3 F2 R2 U1 B2 U1 F2 U3 B2 R2 U2 L2 U2 B2 D2 F2 L2 B2 F2 U2 (moves 36)
U1 L1 D1 L1 F3 L1 U1 L3 U3 L1 D1 R3 F2 U2 R2 U1 F2 U2 F2 L2 D1 F2 U3 F2 U2 R2 D2 F2 R2 B2 L2 B2 D2 B2 (moves 34)
L3 D3 U1 F3 U2 F2 D3 R3 B2 D3 U3 L3 R2 U2 L2 D3 R2 U1 L2 U2 F2 U3 F2 U3 U2 L2 U2 R2 B2 R2 B2 U2 F2 U2 (moves 34)
L1 B1 U2 D1 F3 B2 U3 R3 D2 U3 L2 U3 L3 F2 U3 R2 U1 F2 R2 L2 D3 F2 F2 B2 L2 D2 F2 R2 D2 B2 R2 F2 L2 (moves 33)
L1 B1 U3 F3 U1 L2 D3 L1 B2 R1 L3 U3 L3 U3 L2 D3 L2 U1 L2 B2 F2 U3 L2 D2 L2 U2 R2 F2 D2 B2 U2 R2 U2 (moves 33)
F1 U1 B3 F3 B2 U2 D3 L3 U3 L3 U3 R2 D3 B2 D2 L2 U3 R2 U2 F2 U3 F2 L2 D2 L2 R2 F2 L2 U2 L2 D2 U2 F2 U2 (moves 34)
D1 L3 R1 F2 U2 F3 U3 F2 D3 L3 D2 L3 U2 L3 D1 L2 U3 R2 D1 B2 U1 L2 R2 U2 L2 D2 B2 R2 F2 L2 D2 U2 F2 U2 (moves 34)
L2 R3 D1 F3 D3 L1 U3 L3 D2 L3 B2 L2 U1 R2 U2 F2 U3 F2 L2 F2 L2 B2 U2 R2 U2 R2 B2 U2 B2 (moves 29)
L2 U2 R1 B3 F3 U1 L1 D3 F2 U2 R3 U2 L3 L2 U2 L2 D2 L2 F2 U3 F2 U2 L2 U2 B2 U2 R2 D2 R2 B2 (moves 30)
L2 F1 U2 F3 D3 R3 U1 D3 L3 D1 U1 L3 R2 D3 R2 F2 D2 B2 U3 F2 U1 F2 D2 L2 B2 U2 L2 U2 R2 B2 F2 U2 (moves 32)
F3 D2 F3 L2 B2 D3 L2 U3 B2 L3 L2 F2 L2 D3 L2 B2 U3 L2 L2 U2 F2 D2 L2 D2 L2 B2 L2 F2 L2 U2 (moves 30)
F3 R2 U3 F3 U3 R3 D2 R2 D1 F2 U2 L3 D3 L2 D3 R2 U1 F2 U3 L2 U1 F2 L2 B2 D2 B2 L2 F2 U2 L2 F2 D2 (moves 32)
B1 R1 U1 D3 F3 R2 U1 L2 R2 D2 B2 U3 L3 R2 F2 U1 L2 B2 U1 F2 U3 L2 U3 R2 U2 F2 D2 F2 L2 B2 L2 U2 F2 (moves 33)
L3 D3 U1 B3 L2 F2 D3 L3 R1 U1 R3 L2 D3 F2 R2 U3 F2 R2 U3 L2 D2 R2 U2 B2 U2 B2 L2 U2 R2 F2 U2 (moves 31)
L1 F3 L2 R1 B3 L1 U3 L1 R1 D3 F2 D1 R3 B2 R2 U1 F2 L2 D1 R2 F2 D2 L2 R2 B2 R2 B2 U2 L2 U2 (moves 30)
U1 F1 U3 L1 B3 D1 L2 B2 R1 D3 R3 F2 L3 U3 F2 B2 L2 U3 B2 D3 L2 U3 L2 D2 R2 F2 D2 L2 F2 D2 F2 (moves 31)
D2 L3 U1 F3 U1 D3 L1 F2 D3 R3 F2 U3 R3 L2 U1 L2 U3 L2 U1 F2 L2 U1 R2 U3 F2 U2 L2 D2 B2 U2 L2 F2 U2 F2 U2 (moves 35)
F3 L2 F3 U1 L1 U1 D2 L3 U3 L3 B2 U1 F2 U1 F2 D2 R2 U3 L2 U2 F2 U3 R2 F2 D2 L2 D2 R2 F2 U2 F2 U2 F2 U2 (moves 34)
U2 L3 B3 U2 R3 U3 L2 B2 U1 R3 R2 D3 R2 U1 R2 U3 F2 U1 F2 U3 F2 U2 L2 F2 R2 F2 D2 L2 D2 L2 B2 (moves 31)
F1 B1 R3 F3 U3 F3 B2 D1 B2 R1 U3 L1 U2 L3 F2 U3 F2 R2 U1 R2 U2 B2 D3 F2 U3 F2 B2 L2 U2 F2 L2 D2 B2 F2 L2 B2 (moves 36)

Average number of moves = 16.38

Average time = 65.71 milliseconds
</pre>



=={{header|Kotlin}}==
=={{header|Kotlin}}==