Polymorphism: Difference between revisions

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(→‎{{header|Phix}}: added class based alternative)
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You could embed routine_ids in the structures to emulate virtual functions.<br>
You could embed routine_ids in the structures to emulate virtual functions.<br>
There are no private members here; for that I would write something that returns integer ids to the outside world.
There are no private members here; for that I would write something that returns integer ids to the outside world.
<lang Phix>type point(object o)
return sequence(o) and length(o)=2 and atom(o[1]) and atom(o[2])
end type


<!--<lang Phix>-->
function new_point(atom x=0, atom y=0)
<span style="color: #008080;">type</span> <span style="color: #000000;">point</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">object</span> <span style="color: #000000;">o</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
return {x,y}
<span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #004080;">sequence</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">o</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #008080;">and</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">length</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">o</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)=</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span> <span style="color: #008080;">and</span> <span style="color: #004080;">atom</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">o</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">])</span> <span style="color: #008080;">and</span> <span style="color: #004080;">atom</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">o</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">])</span>
end function
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">type</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #000000;">new_point</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">atom</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">atom</span> <span style="color: #000000;">y</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">{</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">y</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">}</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">type</span> <span style="color: #000000;">circle</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">object</span> <span style="color: #000000;">o</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #004080;">sequence</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">o</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #008080;">and</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">length</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">o</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)=</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span> <span style="color: #008080;">and</span> <span style="color: #000000;">point</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">o</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">])</span> <span style="color: #008080;">and</span> <span style="color: #004080;">atom</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">o</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">])</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">type</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #000000;">new_circle</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">object</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">atom</span> <span style="color: #000000;">y</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">atom</span> <span style="color: #000000;">r</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">if</span> <span style="color: #000000;">point</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">r</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">y</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- assume r got passed in y</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">{</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">r</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">}</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- {point,r}</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">if</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">{{</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">y</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">},</span><span style="color: #000000;">r</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">}</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- {point,r}
-- (or {new_point(x,y),r} if you prefer)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">point</span> <span style="color: #000000;">p</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">new_point</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">4</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">5</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">circle</span> <span style="color: #000000;">c1</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">new_circle</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">p</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">6</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">),</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">c2</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">new_circle</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">4</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">5</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">6</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">}</span>
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">c1</span>
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">c2</span>
<!--</lang>-->


type circle(object o)
return sequence(o) and length(o)=2 and point(o[1]) and atom(o[2])
end type

function new_circle(object x=0, atom y=0, atom r=0)
if point(x) then
r = y -- assume r got passed in y
return {x,r} -- {point,r}
end if
return {{x,y},r} -- {point,r}
-- (or {new_point(x,y),r} if you prefer)
end function

point p = new_point(4,5)
circle c1 = new_circle(p,6),
c2 = new_circle(4,5,6}
?c1
?c2</lang>
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Destructors are not shown, a procedure ~Point() would work but is not formally documented or guaranteed to be called in a timely fashion, should (eg) print() happen to be hanging on to a reference to it, until you print something else or unless you invoke an explicit delete(''instance'').
Destructors are not shown, a procedure ~Point() would work but is not formally documented or guaranteed to be called in a timely fashion, should (eg) print() happen to be hanging on to a reference to it, until you print something else or unless you invoke an explicit delete(''instance'').
{{libheader|Phix/Class}}
{{libheader|Phix/Class}}
<lang Phix>class Point
atom x, y
function Point(object x, atom y=0)
if Point(x) then
this.x = x.x
this.y = x.y
else
this.x = x
this.y = y
end if
return this
end function
function get_x() return x end function
function get_y() return y end function
procedure set_x(atom x) this.x = x end procedure
procedure set_y(atom y) this.y = y end procedure
procedure show()
printf(1,"point (%g,%g)\n",{x,y})
end procedure
end class


<!--<lang Phix>-->
class Circle extends Point
<span style="color: #008080;">class</span> <span style="color: #000000;">Point</span>
atom r
<span style="color: #004080;">atom</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #000000;">y</span>
function Circle(object x, atom y=0, r=0)
<span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #000000;">Point</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">object</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">atom</span> <span style="color: #000000;">y</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
if Circle(x) then
<span style="color: #008080;">if</span> <span style="color: #000000;">Point</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span>
this.x = x.x
<span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span>
this.y = x.y
<span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">y</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">y</span>
this.r = x.r
<span style="color: #008080;">else</span>
elsif Point(x) then
<span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span>
r = y -- assume r got passed in y
<span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">y</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">y</span>
this.x = x.x
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">if</span>
this.y = x.y
<span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #008080;">this</span>
this.r = r
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span>
else
<span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #000000;">get_x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">()</span> <span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span> <span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span>
this.x = x
<span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #000000;">get_y</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">()</span> <span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #000000;">y</span> <span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span>
this.y = y
<span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span> <span style="color: #000000;">set_x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">atom</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span> <span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span>
this.r = r
<span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span> <span style="color: #000000;">set_y</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">atom</span> <span style="color: #000000;">y</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">y</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">y</span> <span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span>
end if
<span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span> <span style="color: #000000;">show</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">()</span>
return this
<span style="color: #7060A8;">printf</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"point (%g,%g)\n"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,{</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">y</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">})</span>
end function
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span>
function get_r() return r end function
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">class</span>
procedure set_r(atom r) this.r = r end procedure
procedure show()
printf(1,"circle (%g,%g,%g)\n",{x,y,r})
end procedure
end class
<span style="color: #008080;">class</span> <span style="color: #000000;">Circle</span> <span style="color: #008080;">extends</span> <span style="color: #000000;">Point</span>
Point p1 = new({4,5}),
<span style="color: #004080;">atom</span> <span style="color: #000000;">r</span>
p2 = new({p1})
<span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #000000;">Circle</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">object</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">atom</span> <span style="color: #000000;">y</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #000000;">r</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
p1.y = 7
<span style="color: #008080;">if</span> <span style="color: #000000;">Circle</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span>
Circle c1 = new({p1,9}),
<span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span>
c2 = new({c1}),
<span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">y</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">y</span>
c3 = new({10,11,12})
<span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">r</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">r</span>
c1.r = 8
<span style="color: #008080;">elsif</span> <span style="color: #000000;">Point</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span>
p1.show()
<span style="color: #000000;">r</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">y</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- assume r got passed in y</span>
p2.show()
<span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span>
c1.show()
<span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">y</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">y</span>
c2.show()
<span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">r</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">r</span>
c3.show()</lang>
<span style="color: #008080;">else</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">x</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">y</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">y</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">r</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">r</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">if</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #008080;">this</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #000000;">get_r</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">()</span> <span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #000000;">r</span> <span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span> <span style="color: #000000;">set_r</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">atom</span> <span style="color: #000000;">r</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #008080;">this</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">r</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">r</span> <span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span> <span style="color: #000000;">show</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">()</span>
<span style="color: #7060A8;">printf</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"circle (%g,%g,%g)\n"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,{</span><span style="color: #000000;">x</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">y</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">r</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">})</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">class</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">Point</span> <span style="color: #000000;">p1</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">new</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">({</span><span style="color: #000000;">4</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">5</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">}),</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">p2</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">new</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">({</span><span style="color: #000000;">p1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">})</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">p1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">y</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">7</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">Circle</span> <span style="color: #000000;">c1</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">new</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">({</span><span style="color: #000000;">p1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">9</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">}),</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">c2</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">new</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">({</span><span style="color: #000000;">c1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">}),</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">c3</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">new</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">({</span><span style="color: #000000;">10</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">11</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">12</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">})</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">c1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">r</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">8</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">p1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">show</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">()</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">p2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">show</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">()</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">c1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">show</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">()</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">c2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">show</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">()</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">c3</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">show</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">()</span>
<!--</lang>-->

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