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Non-decimal radices/Convert: Difference between revisions

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Non-decimal radices/Convert (view source)

Revision as of 13:03, 13 March 2022

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→‎{{header|Phix}}: updated for 1.0.2, syntax coloured
(→‎{{header|Phix}}: updated for 1.0.2, syntax coloured)
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=={{header|Phix}}==
Phix itself handles number input in the expected decimal, or binary, octal, hexadecimal, and any base from 2 to 36 using prefixes 0b/, 0o/t/, 0x/X/#, and 0(2..36)<br>
The (s)printf() routine can generate strings in decimal, binary, octal, hexadecimal, or hexadecimalbase 2-36|62, using %d/e/f/g, %b, %o/t, %x/X, %a|A formats respectively.<br>
The builtin to_number() function has an inbase parameter which defaults to 10 but can be 2..1662.<br>
Note however that only decimal fractions are supported in the core language itself, and to_number(), and that (s)printf's %d..A are all integer-only, and %e/f/g decimal-only.<br>
mpz_set_str() and mpfr_set_str() can handle input strings expressed in decimal, binary (0b prefix), or hexadecimal (0x prefix).<br>▼
Also note that 0t is(/was) an alternative for 0o (octal) on desktop/Phix, but not supported by JavaScript and hence pwa/p2js.<br>
mpz_get_str() and mpfr_get_str() can generate output strings in all bases 2..62.▼
▲mpz_set_str() and mpfr_set_str() can handle input strings expressed in decimal, binary (0b prefix), or hexadecimal (0x prefix), or bases 2..62, including non-decimal fractions.<br>
<lang Phix>?{26,0b11010,0o32,0t32,0x1A,0X1a,#1A,0(16)1A} -- displays {26,26,26,26,26,26,26,26}
▲mpz_get_str(), mpfr_get_str() [desktop/Phix only], and mpfr_get_strmpfr_get_fixed() can generate output strings in all bases 2..62.<br>
printf(1,"%d == 0b%b == 0x%x\n",26) -- displays 26 == 0b11010 == 0x1A
<!--<lang Phix>(phixonline)-->
?to_number("1a",{},16) -- displays 26</lang>
<span style="color: #008080;">with</span> <span style="color: #008080;">javascript_semantics</span>
The following routines can handle all other conversions, in bases 2 to 36. <br>▼
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?{</span><span style="color: #000000;">26</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">0b11010</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">0o32</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">0x1A</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">0X1a</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#1A</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">0(16)1A</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">}</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- displays {26,26,26,26,26,26,26}</span>
Note you are expected to strip any leading "#" or "0x" from hexadecimal input strings (etc) manually, and (as-is) only use a-z not A-Z.▼
<span style="color: #7060A8;">printf</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"%d == 0b%b == 0x%x\n"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">26</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- displays 26 == 0b11010 == 0x1A</span>
<lang Phix>-- demo\rosetta\Convert_base.exw
<span style="color: #7060A8;">printf</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"%d == o(62)%A\n"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,{</span><span style="color: #000000;">26</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,{</span><span style="color: #000000;">62</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">26</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">}})</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- displays 26 == 0(62)Q</span>
function to_base(integer i, integer base)
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">to_number</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #008000;">"1a"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,{},</span><span style="color: #000000;">16</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- displays 26</span>
integer c
<span style="color: #008080;">include</span> <span style="color: #004080;">mpfr</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">.</span><span style="color: #000000;">e</span>
sequence s = ""
<span style="color: #004080;">mpfr</span> <span style="color: #000000;">f</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">mpfr_init</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">()</span>
while i>0 do
<span style="color: #7060A8;">mpfr_set_str</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">f</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"110.01"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
c = remainder(i,base)
<span style="color: #7060A8;">printf</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"0b%s == %s\n"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,{</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">mpfr_get_fixed</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">f</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">),</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">mpfr_get_fixed</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">f</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)})</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- 0b110.01 == 6.25</span>
if c<10 then
<!--</lang>-->
c += '0'
▲The following (given the above not necessarily very useful) routines can handle allsimple otherinteger conversions, in bases 2 to 36. <br>
else
▲Note youYou are expected to strip any leading "#" or "0x" from hexadecimal input strings (etc) manually, and (as-is) only use a-z not A-Z.
c += 'a'-10
<!--<lang Phix>(phixonline)-->
end if
<span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- demo\rosetta\Convert_base.exw</span>
s = prepend(s,c)
<span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #000000;">to_base</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #000000;">base</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
i = floor(i/base)
<span style="color: #004080;">sequence</span> <span style="color: #000000;">s</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008000;">""</span>
end while
<span style="color: #008080;">while</span> <span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">></span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span> <span style="color: #008080;">do</span>
<span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">c</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">remainder</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">base</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
if length(s) = 0 then
<span style="color: #000000;">s</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">prepend</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">c</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">+</span><span style="color: #008080;">iff</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">c</span><span style="color: #0000FF;"><</span><span style="color: #000000;">10</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #008000;">'0'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">:</span><span style="color: #008000;">'a'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">-</span><span style="color: #000000;">10</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">))</span>
s = "0"
<span style="color: #000000;">i</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">floor</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">/</span><span style="color: #000000;">base</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
end if
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">while</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">if</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">length</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span> <span style="color: #000000;">s</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008000;">"0"</span> <span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">if</span>
return s
<span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #000000;">s</span>
end function
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span>
function from_base(string s, integer base)
<span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #000000;">from_base</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">string</span> <span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">base</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
integer res = 0, c
<span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">0</span>
for i=1 to length(s) do
<span style="color: #008080;">for</span> <span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span> <span style="color: #008080;">to</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">length</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #008080;">do</span>
c = s[i]
<span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">c</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">]</span>
if c>='0' and c<='9' then
<span style="color: #000000;">res</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">*</span><span style="color: #000000;">base</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">+(</span><span style="color: #000000;">c</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">-</span><span style="color: #008080;">iff</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">c</span><span style="color: #0000FF;"><=</span><span style="color: #008000;">'9'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #008000;">'0'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">:</span><span style="color: #008000;">'a'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">-</span><span style="color: #000000;">10</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">))</span>
c -= '0'
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">for</span>
else
<span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span>
c -= 'a'-10
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span>
end if
res = res*base+c
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">to_base</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">256</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">16</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
end for
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">from_base</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #008000;">"100"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">16</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
return res
<!--</lang>-->
end function
 
?to_base(256,16)
?from_base("100",16)</lang>
{{out}}
<pre>
Petelomax
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