Long literals, with continuations

Long literals, with continuations is a draft programming task. It is not yet considered ready to be promoted as a complete task, for reasons that should be found in its talk page.

This task is about writing a computer program that has long literals   (character literals that may require specifying the words/tokens on more than one (source) line,   either with continuations or some other method, such as abutments or concatenations   (or some other mechanisms).

The literal is to be in the form of a "list",   a literal that contains many words (tokens) separated by a blank (space),   in this case   (so as to have a common list),   the (English) names of the chemical elements of the periodic table.

The list is to be in (ascending) order of the element's atomic number:

hydrogen helium lithium beryllium boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon sodium aluminum silicon ...

... up to the last known (named) element   (at this time).

Do not include any of the   "unnamed"   element names such as:

ununennium unquadnilium triunhexium penthextrium penthexpentium septhexunium octenntrium ennennbium

To make computer programming languages comparable,   the statement widths should be restricted to less than   81   bytes (characters),   or less if a computer programming language has more restrictive limitations or standards.

Also mention what column the programming statements can start in if   not   in column one.

The list   may   have leading/embedded/trailing blanks during the declaration   (the actual program statements),   this is allow the list to be more readable.   The "final" list shouldn't have any leading/trailing or superfluous blanks   (when stored in the program's "memory").

This list should be written with the idea in mind that the program   will   be updated,   most likely someone other than the original author,   as there will be newer (discovered) elements of the periodic table being added   (possibly in the near future).   These future updates should be one of the primary concerns in writing these programs and it should be "easy" for someone else to add chemical elements to the list   (within the computer program).

Attention should be paid so as to not exceed the   clause length   of continued or specified statements,   if there is such a restriction.   If the limit is greater than (say) 4,000 bytes or so,   it needn't be mentioned here.

Task

•   Write a computer program (by whatever name) to contain a list of the known elements.
•   The program should eventually contain a long literal of words   (the elements).
•   The literal should show how one could create a long list of blank-delineated words.
•   The "final" (stored) list should only have a single blank between elements.
•   Try to use the most idiomatic approach(es) in creating the final list.
•   Use continuation if possible, and/or show alternatives   (possibly using concatenation).
•   Use a program comment to explain what the continuation character is if not obvious.
•   The program should contain a variable that has the date of the last update/revision.
•   The program, when run, should display with verbiage:

•   The last update/revision date   (and should be unambiguous).
•   The number of chemical elements in the list.
•   The name of the highest (last) element name.

Show all output here, on this page.

Factor

The qw vocabulary provides Perl-ish syntax for arrays of strings. For instance, the literal

qw{ a    bc d }

expands to

{ "a" "bc" "d" }

during parse time. This is convenient to use when the strings that are stored contain no whitespace.

The convention in Factor is to limit lines to 60 characters wide if possible. This constraint is sometimes waived for large literals, but it was easy enough to accommodate here.

Works with: Factor version 0.99 2020-03-02

<lang factor>USING: formatting kernel qw sequences ;

qw{

   hydrogen     helium        lithium      beryllium
   boron        carbon        nitrogen     oxygen
   fluorine     neon          sodium       magnesium
   aluminum     silicon       phosphorous  sulfur
   chlorine     argon         potassium    calcium
   scandium     titanium      vanadium     chromium
   manganese    iron          cobalt       nickel
   copper       zinc          gallium      germanium
   arsenic      selenium      bromine      krypton
   rubidium     strontium     yttrium      zirconium
   niobium      molybdenum    technetium   ruthenium
   rhodium      palladium     silver       cadmium
   indium       tin           antimony     tellurium
   iodine       xenon         cesium       barium
   lanthanum    cerium        praseodymium neodymium
   promethium   samarium      europium     gadolinium
   terbium      dysprosium    holmium      erbium
   thulium      ytterbium     lutetium     hafnium
   tantalum     tungsten      rhenium      osmium
   iridium      platinum      gold         mercury
   thallium     lead          bismuth      polonium
   astatine     radon         francium     radium
   actinium     thorium       protactinium uranium
   neptunium    plutonium     americium    curium
   berkelium    californium   einsteinium  fermium
   mendelevium  nobelium      lawrencium   rutherfordium
   dubnium      seaborgium    bohrium      hassium
   meitnerium   darmstadtium  roentgenium  copernicium
   nihonium     flerovium     moscovium    livermorium
   tennessine   oganesson

}

"2020-03-23"  ! last revision date in YYYY-MM-DD format

"Last revision: %s\n" printf [ length ] [ last ] bi "Number of elements: %d\nLast element: %s\n" printf</lang>

Output:

Last revision: 2020-03-23
Number of elements: 118
Last element: oganesson

Julia

This example is incorrect. Please fix the code and remove this message. Details: The chemical elements are not capitalized.

<lang julia>using Dates

1. FOR FUTURE EDITORS:
3. Add to this list by adding more lines of text to this listing, placing the
4. new words of text before the last """ below, with all entries separated by
5. spaces.

const CHEMICAL_ELEMENTS = """

hydrogen helium lithium beryllium boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon sodium magnesium aluminum silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon cesium barium lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon francium radium actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium nihonium flerovium moscovium livermorium tennessine oganesson

"""

2. END OF ABOVE LISTING--DO NOT ADD ELEMENTS BELOW THIS LINE

const EXCLUDED = split(strip( "ununennium unquadnilium triunhexium penthextrium penthexpentium " * " septhexunium octenntrium ennennbium"), r"\s+")

function process_chemical_element_list(s = CHEMICAL_ELEMENTS)

   # remove leading and trailing whitespace
   s = strip(s)
   # return a list after splitting using whitespace between words as a separator
   return [element for element in split(s, r"\s+") if !(element in EXCLUDED)]

end

function report()

   filedate = Dates.unix2datetime(mtime(@__FILE__))
   element_list = process_chemical_element_list()
   element_count = length(element_list)
   last_element_in_list = element_list[end]
   
   println("File last revised (formatted as dateTtime): ", filedate, " GMT")
   println("Length of element list: ", element_count)
   println("last element in list: ", last_element_in_list)

end

report()

</lang>

Output:

File last revised (formatted as dateTtime): 2020-03-24T02:48:55.421 GMT
Length of element list: 118
last element in list: Oganesson

Raku

This example is incorrect. Please fix the code and remove this message. Details: The task is to have a list of the names of the elements, not their atomic weight and chemical element symbol. Also, the element names are not capitalized.

Works with: Rakudo version 2020.02

Not really sure I understand the point of this task. Seems to be load some list into memory and manipulate it somehow. Exceptionally boring to just read it in and then read it back out again. Perform some more interesting manipulations. Use < > quoting construct for literal string; unlimited (memory limited) characters, spaces don't matter, new-lines don't matter, blank lines don't matter.

The point of the task is to show how to code a (as a literal) list of tokens, with (or without) continuation(s), and to verify the list by showing the number of elements, and also by showing the last element name in the list. Opinions such as the above should probably be better voiced in this task's talk page.

<lang perl6>my %periodic; %periodic<revision-date> = Date.new(2020,3,23);

%periodic

= |< Hydrogen 1.0079 H Helium 4.0026 He Lithium 6.941 Li Beryllium 9.0122 Be Boron 10.811 B Carbon 12.0107 C Nitrogen 14.0067 N Oxygen 15.9994 O Fluorine 18.9984 F Neon 20.1797 Ne Sodium 22.9897 Na Magnesium 24.305 Mg Aluminum 26.9815 Al Silicon 28.0855 Si Phosphorus 30.9738 P Sulfur 32.065 S Chlorine 35.453 Cl Potassium 39.0983 K Argon 39.948 Ar Calcium 40.078 Ca Scandium 44.9559 Sc Titanium 47.867 Ti Vanadium 50.9415 V Chromium 51.9961 Cr Manganese 54.938 Mn Iron 55.845 Fe Nickel 58.6934 Ni Cobalt 58.9332 Co Copper 63.546 Cu Zinc 65.39 Zn Gallium 69.723 Ga Germanium 72.64 Ge Arsenic 74.9216 As Selenium 78.96 Se Bromine 79.904 Br Krypton 83.8 Kr Rubidium 85.4678 Rb Strontium 87.62 Sr Yttrium 88.9059 Y Zirconium 91.224 Zr Niobium 92.9064 Nb Molybdenum 95.94 Mo Technetium 98 Tc Ruthenium 101.07 Ru Rhodium 102.9055 Rh Palladium 106.42 Pd Silver 107.8682 Ag Cadmium 112.411 Cd Indium 114.818 In Tin 118.71 Sn Antimony 121.76 Sb Iodine 126.9045 I Tellurium 127.6 Te Xenon 131.293 Xe Cesium 132.9055 Cs Barium 137.327 Ba Lanthanum 138.9055 La Cerium 140.116 Ce Praseodymium 140.9077 Pr Neodymium 144.24 Nd Promethium 145 Pm Samarium 150.36 Sm Europium 151.964 Eu Gadolinium 157.25 Gd Terbium 158.9253 Tb Dysprosium 162.5 Dy Holmium 164.9303 Ho Erbium 167.259 Er Thulium 168.9342 Tm Ytterbium 173.04 Yb Lutetium 174.967 Lu Hafnium 178.49 Hf Tantalum 180.9479 Ta Tungsten 183.84 W Rhenium 186.207 Re Osmium 190.23 Os Iridium 192.217 Ir Platinum 195.078 Pt Gold 196.9665 Au Mercury 200.59 Hg Thallium 204.3833 Tl Lead 207.2 Pb Bismuth 208.9804 Bi Polonium 209 Po Astatine 210 At Radon 222 Rn Francium 223 Fr Radium 226 Ra Actinium 227 Ac Protactinium 231.0359 Pa Thorium 232.0381 Th Neptunium 237 Np Uranium 238.0289 U Americium 243 Am Plutonium 244 Pu Curium 247 Cm Berkelium 247 Bk Californium 251 Cf Einsteinium 252 Es Fermium 257 Fm Mendelevium 258 Md Nobelium 259 No Rutherfordium 261 Rf Lawrencium 262 Lr Dubnium 262 Db Bohrium 264 Bh Seaborgium 266 Sg Meitnerium 268 Mt Roentgenium 272 Rg Hassium 277 Hs Darmstadtium  ??? Ds Copernicium  ??? Cn Nihonium  ??? Nh Flerovium  ??? Fl Moscovium  ??? Mc Livermorium  ??? Lv Tennessine  ??? Ts Oganesson  ??? Og >.words.map: { (:name($^a), :weight($^b), :symbol($^c)).hash }; put 'Revision date: ', %periodic<revision-date>; put 'Last element by position (nominally by weight): ', %periodic.tail.<name>; put 'Total number of elements: ', %periodic.elems; put 'Last element sorted by full name: ', %periodic.sort( *.<name> ).tail.<name>; put 'Longest element name: ', %periodic.sort( *.<name>.chars ).tail.<name>; put 'Shortest element name: ', %periodic.sort( -*.<name>.chars ).tail.<name>; put 'Symbols for elements whose name starts with "P": ', %periodic.grep( *.<name>.starts-with('P') )».<symbol>; put "Elements with molecular weight between 20 & 40:\n ",%periodic.grep( {+.<weight> ~~ Numeric and 20 < .<weight> < 40} )».<name>; put "SCRN: ", %periodic[87,17,92]».<symbol>.join.tclc;</lang>

Output:

Revision date: 2020-03-23
Last element by position (nominally by weight): Oganesson
Total number of elements: 118
Last element sorted by full name: Zirconium
Longest element name: Rutherfordium
Shortest element name: Tin
Symbols for elements whose name starts with "P": P K Pd Pr Pm Pt Po Pa Pu
Elements with molecular weight between 20 & 40:
 Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Potassium Argon
SCRN: Raku

REXX

using continuations

This method will not work for some REXXes such as PC/REXX and Personal REXX as those two REXXes have a clause length limit of   1,024   bytes.

The   space   BIF is used to eliminate superfluous blanks from the list.

Most modern REXXes have no practical limit for a clause length. <lang rexx>/*REXX pgm illustrates how to code a list of words (named chemical elements */ /*──────────────────────── ordered by their atomic number) in a list format. */

$= 'hydrogen helium lithium beryllium boron carbon' ,

  'nitrogen     oxygen        fluorine    neon        sodium       magnesium' ,
  'aluminum     silicon       phosphorous sulfur      chlorine     argon'     ,
  'potassium    calcium       scandium    titanium    vanadium     chromium'  ,
  'manganese    iron          cobalt      nickel      copper       zinc'      ,
  'gallium      germanium     arsenic     selenium    bromine      krypton'   ,
  'rubidium     strontium     yttrium     zirconium   niobium      molybdenum',
  'technetium   ruthenium     rhodium     palladium   silver       cadmium'   ,
  'indium       tin           antimony    tellurium   iodine       xenon'     ,
  'cesium       barium        lanthanum   cerium      praseodymium neodymium' ,
  'promethium   samarium      europium    gadolinium  terbium      dysprosium',
  'holmium      erbium        thulium     ytterbium   lutetium     hafnium'   ,
  'tantalum     tungsten      rhenium     osmium      iridium      platinum'  ,
  'gold         mercury       thallium    lead        bismuth      polonium'  ,
  'astatine     radon         francium    radium      actinium     thorium'   ,
  'protactinium uranium       neptunium   plutonium   americium    curium'    ,
  'berkelium    californium   einsteinium fermium     mendelevium  nobelium'  ,
  'lawrencium   rutherfordium dubnium     seaborgium  bohrium      hassium'   ,
  'meitnerium   darmstadtium  roentgenium copernicium nihonium     flerovium' ,
  'moscovium    livermorium   tennessine  oganesson'

                           /* [↑]  element list using continuation  (commas).*/

updated= 'February 29th, 2020' /*date of the last revision of list.*/ say 'revision date of the list: ' updated /*show the date of the last update. */ elements= space($) /*elide excess blanks in the list*/

1. = words(elements) /*the number of elements " " " */

say 'number of elements in the list: ' # /*show " " " " " " */ say 'the last element is: ' word($, #) /*stick a fork in it, we're all done*/</lang>

output   when using the default input:

revision date of the list:  February 29th, 2020
number of elements in the list:  118
the last element is:  oganesson

using concatenations

The REXX version uses concatenation (also called abutment) to build the list. <lang rexx>/*REXX pgm illustrates how to code a list of words (named chemical elements */ /*──────────────────────── ordered by their atomic number) in a list format. */

$= 'hydrogen helium lithium beryllium boron carbon' $=$ 'nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon sodium magnesium' $=$ 'aluminum silicon phosphorous sulfur chlorine argon' $=$ 'potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium' $=$ 'manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc' $=$ 'gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton' $=$ 'rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum' $=$ 'technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium' $=$ 'indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon' $=$ 'cesium barium lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium' $=$ 'promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium' $=$ 'holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium hafnium' $=$ 'tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum' $=$ 'gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium' $=$ 'astatine radon francium radium actinium thorium' $=$ 'protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium' $=$ 'berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium' $=$ 'lawrencium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium' $=$ 'meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium nihonium flerovium' $=$ 'moscovium livermorium tennessine oganesson'

                                         /* [↑]  element list using abutments*/

update= '29Feb2020' /*date of the last revision of list.*/ say 'revision date of the list: ' update /*show the date of the last update. */ elements= space($) /*elide excess blanks in the list*/

1. = words(elements) /*the number of elements " " " */

say 'number of elements in the list: ' # /*show " " " " " " */ say 'the last element is: ' word($, #) /*stick a fork in it, we're all done*/</lang>

output   when using the default input:

revision date of the list:  29Feb2020
number of elements in the list:  118
the last element is:  oganesson

zkl

This solution uses a "doc string", a chunk of text that the parser eats verbatim. It starts and ends with #<<<. If started with #<<<", a leading " is added to the text. The text is then parsed as one [long] line.

The string split method creats a list of items split at white space (by default). To turn that into one string with one space between each item, use: elements.concat(" ") <lang zkl>revisionDate:="2020-03-23"; elements:=

1. <<<"

  hydrogen     helium        lithium     beryllium   boron        carbon
  nitrogen     oxygen        fluorine    neon        sodium       magnesium
  aluminum     silicon       phosphorous sulfur      chlorine     argon
  potassium    calcium       scandium    titanium    vanadium     chromium
  manganese    iron          cobalt      nickel      copper       zinc
  gallium      germanium     arsenic     selenium    bromine      krypton
  rubidium     strontium     yttrium     zirconium   niobium      molybdenum
  technetium   ruthenium     rhodium     palladium   silver       cadmium
  indium       tin           antimony    tellurium   iodine       xenon
  cesium       barium        lanthanum   cerium      praseodymium neodymium
  promethium   samarium      europium    gadolinium  terbium      dysprosium
  holmium      erbium        thulium     ytterbium   lutetium     hafnium
  tantalum     tungsten      rhenium     osmium      iridium      platinum
  gold         mercury       thallium    lead        bismuth      polonium
  astatine     radon         francium    radium      actinium     thorium
  protactinium uranium       neptunium   plutonium   americium    curium
  berkelium    californium   einsteinium fermium     mendelevium  nobelium
  lawrencium   rutherfordium dubnium     seaborgium  bohrium      hassium
  meitnerium   darmstadtium  roentgenium copernicium nihonium     flerovium
  moscovium    livermorium   tennessine  oganesson"
  .split();

1. <<<

println("Revision date: ",revisionDate); println(elements.len()," elements, the last being \"",elements[-1],"\"");</lang>

Output:

Revision date: 2020-03-23
118 elements, the last being "oganesson"