List comprehensions: Difference between revisions
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{{task|Basic language learning
{{Omit From|Modula-3}}
{{omit from|ACL2}}
{{omit from|BBC BASIC}}
A [[wp:List_comprehension|list comprehension]] is a special syntax in some programming languages to describe lists. It is similar to the way mathematicians describe sets, with a ''set comprehension'', hence the name.
Some attributes of a list comprehension are
# They should be distinct from (nested) for loops and the use of map and filter functions within the syntax of the language.
# They should return either a list or an iterator (something that returns successive members of a collection, in order).
# The syntax has parts corresponding to that of [[wp:Set-builder_notation|set-builder notation]].
;Task:
Write a list comprehension that builds the list of all [[Pythagorean triples]] with elements between '''1''' and '''n'''.
If the language has multiple ways for expressing such a construct (for example, direct list comprehensions and generators), write one example for each.
<br><br>
=={{header|11l}}==
{{trans|Python}}
print(cart_product(1..20, 1..20, 1..20).filter((x, y, z) -> x ^ 2 + y ^ 2 == z ^ 2 & y C x .. z))
{{out}}
<pre>
[(3, 4, 5), (5, 12, 13), (6, 8, 10), (8, 15, 17), (9, 12, 15), (12, 16, 20)]
</pre>
=={{header|ABAP}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="abap">
CLASS lcl_pythagorean_triplet DEFINITION CREATE PUBLIC.
PUBLIC SECTION.
TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_triplet,
x TYPE i,
y TYPE i,
z TYPE i,
END OF ty_triplet,
tty_triplets TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_triplet WITH NON-UNIQUE EMPTY KEY.
CLASS-METHODS:
get_triplets
IMPORTING
n TYPE i
RETURNING
VALUE(r_triplets) TYPE tty_triplets.
PRIVATE SECTION.
CLASS-METHODS:
_is_pythagorean
IMPORTING
i_triplet TYPE ty_triplet
RETURNING
VALUE(r_is_pythagorean) TYPE abap_bool.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS lcl_pythagorean_triplet IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD get_triplets.
DATA(triplets) = VALUE tty_triplets( FOR x = 1 THEN x + 1 WHILE x <= n
FOR y = x THEN y + 1 WHILE y <= n
FOR z = y THEN z + 1 WHILE z <= n
( x = x y = y z = z ) ).
LOOP AT triplets ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<triplet>).
IF _is_pythagorean( <triplet> ) = abap_true.
INSERT <triplet> INTO TABLE r_triplets.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD _is_pythagorean.
r_is_pythagorean = COND #( WHEN i_triplet-x * i_triplet-x + i_triplet-y * i_triplet-y = i_triplet-z * i_triplet-z THEN abap_true
ELSE abap_false ).
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
START-OF-SELECTION.
cl_demo_output=>display( lcl_pythagorean_triplet=>get_triplets( n = 20 ) ).
</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
X Y Z
3 4 5
5 12 13
6 8 10
8 15 17
9 12 15
12 16 20
</pre>
=={{header|Ada}}==
{{works with|Ada 2005|Standard - no additional library}}
There is no equivalent construct in Ada. In Ada05, the predefined library Ada.Containers
implements 3 types of Doubly_Linked_Lists : Basic; Indefinite; Restricted.
<syntaxhighlight lang="ada">with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
with Ada.Containers.Doubly_Linked_Lists;
procedure Pythagore_Set is
type Triangles is array (1 .. 3) of Positive;
package Triangle_Lists is new Ada.Containers.Doubly_Linked_Lists (
Triangles);
use Triangle_Lists;
function Find_List (Upper_Bound : Positive) return List is
L : List := Empty_List;
begin
for A in 1 .. Upper_Bound loop
for B in A + 1 .. Upper_Bound loop
for C in B + 1 .. Upper_Bound loop
if ((A * A + B * B) = C * C) then
Append (L, (A, B, C));
end if;
end loop;
end loop;
end loop;
return L;
end Find_List;
Triangle_List : List;
C : Cursor;
T : Triangles;
begin
Triangle_List := Find_List (Upper_Bound => 20);
C := First (Triangle_List);
while Has_Element (C) loop
T := Element (C);
Put
("(" &
Integer'Image (T (1)) &
Integer'Image (T (2)) &
Integer'Image (T (3)) &
") ");
Next (C);
end loop;
end Pythagore_Set;
</syntaxhighlight>
program output:
<pre>( 3 4 5) ( 5 12 13) ( 6 8 10) ( 8 15 17) ( 9 12 15) ( 12 16 20)</pre>
=={{header|ALGOL 68}}==
Line 22 ⟶ 157:
{{works with|ELLA ALGOL 68|Any (with appropriate job cards) - tested with release 1.8.8d.fc9.i386}}
<
OP +:= = (REF FLEX[]XYZ lhs, XYZ rhs)FLEX[]XYZ: (
Line 36 ⟶ 171:
FOR x TO n DO FOR y FROM x+1 TO n DO FOR z FROM y+1 TO n DO IF x*x + y*y = z*z THEN xyz +:= XYZ(x,y,z) FI OD OD OD;
xyz), new line
))</
Output:
<div style="width:full;overflow:scroll"><pre>
+3 +4 +5 +5 +12 +13 +6 +8 +10 +8 +15 +17 +9 +12 +15 +12 +16 +20
</pre></div>
=={{header|AppleScript}}==
AppleScript does not provide built-in notation for list comprehensions. The list monad pattern which underlies list comprehension notation can, however, be used in any language which supports the use of higher order functions and closures. AppleScript can do that, although with limited elegance and clarity, and not entirely without coercion.
{{trans|JavaScript}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="applescript">-- List comprehension by direct and unsugared use of list monad
-- pythagoreanTriples :: Int -> [(Int, Int, Int)]
on pythagoreanTriples(n)
script x
on |λ|(x)
script y
on |λ|(y)
script z
on |λ|(z)
if x * x + y * y = z * z then
[[x, y, z]]
else
[]
end if
end |λ|
end script
|>>=|(enumFromTo(1 + y, n), z)
end |λ|
end script
|>>=|(enumFromTo(1 + x, n), y)
end |λ|
end script
|>>=|(enumFromTo(1, n), x)
end pythagoreanTriples
-- TEST -----------------------------------------------------------------------
on run
-- Pythagorean triples drawn from integers in the range [1..n]
-- {(x, y, z) | x <- [1..n], y <- [x+1..n], z <- [y+1..n], (x^2 + y^2 = z^2)}
pythagoreanTriples(25)
--> {{3, 4, 5}, {5, 12, 13}, {6, 8, 10}, {7, 24, 25}, {8, 15, 17},
-- {9, 12, 15}, {12, 16, 20}, {15, 20, 25}}
end run
-- GENERIC FUNCTIONS ----------------------------------------------------------
-- Monadic (>>=) (or 'bind') for lists is simply flip concatMap
-- (concatMap with arguments reversed)
-- It applies a function f directly to each value in the list,
-- and returns the set of results as a concat-flattened list
-- The concatenation eliminates any empty lists,
-- combining list-wrapped results into a single results list
-- (>>=) :: Monad m => m a -> (a -> m b) -> m b
on |>>=|(xs, f)
concatMap(f, xs)
end |>>=|
-- concatMap :: (a -> [b]) -> [a] -> [b]
on concatMap(f, xs)
set acc to {}
tell mReturn(f)
repeat with x in xs
set acc to acc & |λ|(contents of x)
end repeat
end tell
return acc
end concatMap
-- enumFromTo :: Int -> Int -> [Int]
on enumFromTo(m, n)
if n < m then
set d to -1
else
set d to 1
end if
set lst to {}
repeat with i from m to n by d
set end of lst to i
end repeat
return lst
end enumFromTo
-- Lift 2nd class handler function into 1st class script wrapper
-- mReturn :: Handler -> Script
on mReturn(f)
if class of f is script then
f
else
script
property |λ| : f
end script
end if
end mReturn</syntaxhighlight>
{{Out}}
<pre>{{3, 4, 5}, {5, 12, 13}, {6, 8, 10}, {7, 24, 25}, {8, 15, 17}, {9, 12, 15}, {12, 16, 20}, {15, 20, 25}}</pre>
=={{header|Arturo}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="rebol">n: 20
triplets: @[
loop 1..n 'x [
loop x..n 'y [
loop y..n 'z [if (z^2) = (x^2)+(y^2) -> @[x y z]]
]
]
]
print triplets</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>[3 4 5] [5 12 13] [6 8 10] [8 15 17] [9 12 15] [12 16 20]</pre>
=={{header|AutoHotkey}}==
{{works with|AutoHotkey_L}}
List Comprehension is not built in. <syntaxhighlight lang="autohotkey">
comprehend("show", range(1, 20), "triples")
return
comprehend(doToVariable, inSet, satisfying)
{
set := %satisfying%(inSet.begin, inSet.end)
index := 1
While % set[index, 1]
{
item := set[index, 1] . ", " . set[index, 2] . ", " . set[index, 3]
%doToVariable%(item)
index += 1
}
return
}
show(var)
{
msgbox % var
}
range(begin, end)
{
set := object()
set.begin := begin
set.end := end
return set
}
!r::reload
!q::exitapp
triples(begin, end)
{
set := object()
index := 1
range := end - begin
loop, % range
{
x := begin + A_Index
loop, % range
{
y := A_Index + x
if y > 20
break
loop, % range
{
z := A_Index + y
if z > 20
break
isTriple := ((x ** 2 + y ** 2) == z ** 2)
if isTriple
{
set[index, 1] := x
set[index, 2] := y
set[index, 3] := z
index += 1
; msgbox % "triple: " x . y . z
}
}
}
}
return set
}
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Bracmat}}==
Bracmat does not have built-in list comprehension, but nevertheless there is a solution for fixed n that does not employ explicit loop syntax. By their positions in the pattern and the monotonically increasing values in the subject, it is guaranteed that <code>x</code> always is smaller than <code>y</code> and that <code>y</code> always is smaller than <code>z</code>. The combination of flags <code>%@</code> ensures that <code>x</code>, <code>y</code> and <code>z</code> pick minimally one (<code>%</code>) and at most one (<code>@</code>) element from the subject list.
<syntaxhighlight lang="bracmat">
:?py { Initialize the accumulating result list. }
& ( 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 { This is the subject }
: ? { Here starts the pattern }
%@?x
?
%@?y
?
%@?z
( ?
& -1*!z^2+!x^2+!y^2:0
& (!x,!y,!z) !py:?py
& ~ { This 'failure' expression forces backtracking }
) { Here ends the pattern }
| out$!py { You get here when backtracking has
exhausted all combinations of x, y and z }
);</syntaxhighlight>
Output:
<pre> (12,16,20)
(9,12,15)
(8,15,17)
(6,8,10)
(5,12,13)
(3,4,5)</pre>
=={{header|C}}==
C doesn't have a built-in syntax for this, but any problem can be solved if you throw enough macros at it:
{{works with|GCC}}
The program below is C11 compliant. For C99 compilers note the change on line 57 (output remains unchanged).
<syntaxhighlight lang="c">
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#ifndef __GNUC__
#include <setjmp.h>
struct LOOP_T; typedef struct LOOP_T LOOP;
struct LOOP_T {
jmp_buf b; LOOP * p;
} LOOP_base, * LOOP_V = &LOOP_base;
#define FOR(I, C, A, ACT) (LOOP_V = &(LOOP){ .p = LOOP_V }, \
(I), setjmp(LOOP_V->b), \
((C) ? ((ACT),(A), longjmp(LOOP_V->b, 1), 0) : 0), \
LOOP_V = LOOP_V->p, 0)
#else
#define FOR(I, C, A, ACT) (({for(I;C;A){ACT;}}), 0) // GNU version
#endif
typedef struct List { struct List * nx; char val[]; } List;
typedef struct { int _1, _2, _3; } Triple;
#define SEQ(OUT, SETS, PRED) (SEQ_var=&(ITERATOR){.l=NULL,.p=SEQ_var}, \
M_FFOLD(((PRED)?APPEND(OUT):0),M_ID SETS), \
SEQ_var->p->old=SEQ_var->l,SEQ_var=SEQ_var->p,SEQ_var->old)
typedef struct ITERATOR { List * l, * old; struct ITERATOR * p; } ITERATOR;
ITERATOR * FE_var, SEQ_base, * SEQ_var = &SEQ_base;
#define FOR_EACH(V, T, L, ACT) (FE_var=&(ITERATOR){.l=(L),.p=FE_var}, \
FOR((V) = *(T*)&FE_var->l->val, FE_var->l?((V)=*(T*)&FE_var->l->val,1):0, \
FE_var->l=FE_var->l->nx, ACT), FE_var=FE_var->p)
#define M_FFOLD(ID, ...) M_ID(M_CONC(M_FFOLD_, M_NARGS(__VA_ARGS__)) (ID, __VA_ARGS__))
#define FORSET(V, T, L) V, T, L
#define APPEND(T, val) (SEQ_var->l?listAppend(SEQ_var->l,sizeof(T),&val):(SEQ_var->l=listNew(sizeof(T),&val)))
#define M_FFOLD_1(ID, E) FOR_EACH M_IDP(FORSET E, ID)
#define M_FFOLD_2(ID, E, ...) FOR_EACH M_IDP(FORSET E, M_FFOLD_1(ID, __VA_ARGS__))
#define M_FFOLD_3(ID, E, ...) FOR_EACH M_IDP(FORSET E, M_FFOLD_2(ID, __VA_ARGS__)) //...
#define M_NARGS(...) M_NARGS_(__VA_ARGS__, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0)
#define M_NARGS_(_10, _9, _8, _7, _6, _5, _4, _3, _2, _1, N, ...) N
#define M_CONC(A, B) M_CONC_(A, B)
#define M_CONC_(A, B) A##B
#define M_ID(...) __VA_ARGS__
#define M_IDP(...) (__VA_ARGS__)
#define R(f, t) int,intRangeList(f, t)
#define T(a, b, c) Triple,((Triple){(a),(b),(c)})
List * listNew(int sz, void * val) {
List * l = malloc(sizeof(List) + sz); l->nx = NULL; memcpy(l->val, val, sz); return l;
}
List * listAppend(List * l, int sz, void * val) {
while (l->nx) { l = l->nx; } l->nx = listNew(sz, val); return l;
}
List * intRangeList(int f, int t) {
List * l = listNew(sizeof f, &f), * e = l;
for (int i = f + 1; i <= t; i ++) { e = e->nx = listNew(sizeof i, &i); } // C11 compliant
//int i;
//for (i = f + 1; i <= t; i ++) { e = e->nx = listNew(sizeof i, &i); } // use this for C99
return l;
}
int main(void) {
volatile int x, y, z; const int n = 20;
List * pTriples = SEQ(
T(x, y, z),
(
(x, R(1, n)),
(y, R(x, n)),
(z, R(y, n))
),
(x*x + y*y == z*z)
);
volatile Triple t;
FOR_EACH(t, Triple, pTriples, printf("%d, %d, %d\n", t._1, t._2, t._3) );
return 0;
}
</syntaxhighlight>
Output:
<pre>3, 4, 5
5, 12, 13
6, 8, 10
8, 15, 17
9, 12, 15
12, 16, 20</pre>
Either GCC's "statement expressions" extension, or a minor piece of undefined behaviour, are required for this to work (technically <code>setjmp</code>, which powers the non-GCC version, isn't supposed to be part of a comma expression, but almost all compilers will treat it as intended). Variables used by one of these looping expressions should be declared <code>volatile</code> to prevent them from being modified by <code>setjmp</code>.
The list implementation in this example is a) terrible and b) leaks memory, neither of which are important to the example. In reality you would want to combine any lists being generated in expressions with an automatic memory management system (GC, autorelease pools, something like that).
=={{header|C sharp|C#}}==
===LINQ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="csharp">using System.Linq;
static class Program
{
static void Main()
{
var ts =
from a in Enumerable.Range(1, 20)
from b in Enumerable.Range(a, 21 - a)
from c in Enumerable.Range(b, 21 - b)
where a * a + b * b == c * c
select new { a, b, c };
foreach (var t in ts)
System.Console.WriteLine("{0}, {1}, {2}", t.a, t.b, t.c);
}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|C++}}==
There is no equivalent construct in C++. The code below uses two nested loops and an ''if'' statement:
<syntaxhighlight lang="cpp">#include <vector>
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
void list_comprehension( std::vector<int> & , int ) ;
int main( ) {
std::vector<int> triangles ;
list_comprehension( triangles , 20 ) ;
std::copy( triangles.begin( ) , triangles.end( ) ,
std::ostream_iterator<int>( std::cout , " " ) ) ;
std::cout << std::endl ;
return 0 ;
}
void list_comprehension( std::vector<int> & numbers , int upper_border ) {
for ( int a = 1 ; a < upper_border ; a++ ) {
for ( int b = a + 1 ; b < upper_border ; b++ ) {
double c = pow( a * a + b * b , 0.5 ) ; //remembering Mr. Pythagoras
if ( ( c * c ) < pow( upper_border , 2 ) + 1 ) {
if ( c == floor( c ) ) {
numbers.push_back( a ) ;
numbers.push_back( b ) ;
numbers.push_back( static_cast<int>( c ) ) ;
}
}
}
}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
This produces the following output:
<pre>3 4 5 5 12 13 6 8 10 8 15 17 9 12 15 12 16 20</pre>
{{works with|C++11}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="cpp">#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
void PythagoreanTriples(int limit, std::function<void(int,int,int)> yield)
{
for (int a = 1; a < limit; ++a) {
for (int b = a+1; b < limit; ++b) {
for (int c = b+1; c <= limit; ++c) {
if (a*a + b*b == c*c) {
yield(a, b, c);
}
}
}
}
}
int main()
{
PythagoreanTriples(20, [](int x, int y, int z)
{
std::cout << x << "," << y << "," << z << "\n";
});
return 0;
}</syntaxhighlight>
Output:
<pre>3,4,5
5,12,13
6,8,10
8,15,17
9,12,15
12,16,20
</pre>
=={{header|Clojure}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="lisp">(defn pythagorean-triples [n]
(for [x (range 1 (inc n))
y (range x (inc n))
z (range y (inc n))
:when (= (+ (* x x) (* y y)) (* z z))]
[x y z]))</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|CoffeeScript}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="coffeescript">flatten = (arr) -> arr.reduce ((memo, b) -> memo.concat b), []
pyth = (n) ->
flatten (for x in [1..n]
flatten (for y in [x..n]
for z in [y..n] when x*x + y*y is z*z
[x, y, z]
))
# pyth can also be written more concisely as
# pyth = (n) -> flatten (flatten ([x, y, z] for z in [y..n] when x*x + y*y is z*z for y in [x..n]) for x in [1..n])
console.dir pyth 20</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Common Lisp}}==
Common Lisp's <tt>loop</tt> macro has all of the features of list comprehension, except for nested iteration. <tt>(loop for x from 1 to 3 for y from x to 3 collect (list x y))</tt> only returns <tt>((1 1) (2 2) (3 3))</tt>. You can nest your macro calls, so <tt>(loop for x from 1 to 3 append (loop for y from x to 3 collect (list x y)))</tt> returns <tt>((1 1) (1 2) (1 3) (2 2) (2 3) (3 3))</tt>.
Here are the Pythagorean triples:
<syntaxhighlight lang="lisp">(defun pythagorean-triples (n)
(loop for x from 1 to n
append (loop for y from x to n
append (loop for z from y to n
when (= (+ (* x x) (* y y)) (* z z))
collect (list x y z)))))</syntaxhighlight>
We can also define a new macro for list comprehensions. We can implement them easily with the help of the <code>iterate</code> package.
<
(if (cdr l)
`(,@(car l) ,(nest (cdr l)))
Line 62 ⟶ 637:
`((iter ,outer ,form)
,@(mapcar #'desugar-listc-form forms)
(in ,outer (collect ,expr)))))</
We can then define a function to compute Pythagorean triples as follows:
<
(listc (list x y z)
(for x from 1 to n)
(for y from x to n)
(for z from y to n)
(when (= (+ (expt x 2) (expt y 2)) (expt z 2)))))</
=={{header|D}}==
D doesn't have list comprehensions. One implementation:
<syntaxhighlight lang="d">import std.stdio, std.meta, std.range;
TA[] select(TA, TI1, TC1, TI2, TC2, TI3, TC3, TP)
(lazy TA mapper,
ref TI1 iter1, TC1 items1,
ref TI2 iter2, lazy TC2 items2,
ref TI3 iter3, lazy TC3 items3,
lazy TP where) {
Appender!(TA[]) result;
auto iters = AliasSeq!(iter1, iter2, iter3);
foreach (el1; items1) {
iter1 = el1;
foreach (el2; items2) {
iter2 = el2;
foreach (el3; items3) {
iter3 = el3;
if (where())
result ~= mapper();
}
}
}
AliasSeq!(iter1, iter2, iter3) = iters;
return result.data;
}
void main() {
enum int n = 21;
int x, y, z;
auto r = select([x,y,z], x, iota(1,n+1), y, iota(x,n+1), z,
iota(y, n + 1), x*x + y*y == z*z);
writeln(r);
}</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>[[3, 4, 5], [5, 12, 13], [6, 8, 10], [8, 15, 17], [9, 12, 15], [12, 16, 20]]</pre>
=={{header|E}}==
=={{header|EchoLisp}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="lisp">
;; copied from Racket
(for*/list ([x (in-range 1 21)]
[y (in-range x 21)]
[z (in-range y 21)])
#:when (= (+ (* x x) (* y y)) (* z z))
(list x y z))
→ ((3 4 5) (5 12 13) (6 8 10) (8 15 17) (9 12 15) (12 16 20))
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Efene}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="efene">pythag = fn (N) {
[(A, B, C) for A in lists.seq(1, N) \
for B in lists.seq(A, N) \
for C in lists.seq(B, N) \
if A + B + C <= N and A * A + B * B == C * C]
}
@public
run = fn () {
io.format("~p~n", [pythag(20)])
}
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Ela}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="ela">pyth n = [(x,y,z) \\ x <- [1..n], y <- [x..n], z <- [y..n] | x**2 + y**2 == z**2]</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Elixir}}==
<pre>
iex(30)> pytha3 = fn(n) ->
...(30)> for x <- 1..n, y <- x..n, z <- y..n, x*x+y*y == z*z, do: {x,y,z}
...(30)> end
#Function<6.90072148/1 in :erl_eval.expr/5>
iex(31)> pytha3.(20)
[{3, 4, 5}, {5, 12, 13}, {6, 8, 10}, {8, 15, 17}, {9, 12, 15}, {12, 16, 20}]
</pre>
=={{header|Erlang}}==
<syntaxhighlight
=={{header|F Sharp|F#}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="fsharp">let pyth n = [ for a in [1..n] do
for b in [a..n] do
for c in [b..n] do
if (a*a+b*b = c*c) then yield (a,b,c)]</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Factor}}==
Factor does not support list comprehensions by default. The <code>backtrack</code> vocabulary can make for a faithful imitation, however.
<syntaxhighlight lang="factor">USING: backtrack kernel locals math math.ranges ;
:: pythagorean-triples ( n -- seq )
[
n [1,b] amb-lazy :> a
a n [a,b] amb-lazy :> b
b n [a,b] amb-lazy :> c
a a * b b * + c c * = must-be-true { a b c }
] bag-of ;</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Fortran}}==
Complex numbers simplify the task. However, the reshape intrinsic function along with implicit do loops can generate high rank matrices.
<syntaxhighlight lang="fortran">
!-*- mode: compilation; default-directory: "/tmp/" -*-
!Compilation started at Fri Jun 7 23:39:20
!
!a=./f && make $a && $a
!gfortran -std=f2008 -Wall -fopenmp -ffree-form -fall-intrinsics -fimplicit-none f.f08 -o f
! 3 4 5
! 5 12 13
! 6 8 10
! 8 15 17
! 9 12 15
! 12 16 20
!
!Compilation finished at Fri Jun 7 23:39:20
program list_comprehension
integer, parameter :: n = 20
integer, parameter :: m = n*(n+1)/2
integer :: i, j
complex, dimension(m) :: a
real, dimension(m) :: b
logical, dimension(m) :: c
integer, dimension(3, m) :: d
a = [ ( ( cmplx(i,j), i=j,n), j=1,n) ] ! list comprehension, implicit do loop
b = abs(a)
c = (b .eq. int(b)) .and. (b .le. n)
i = sum(merge(1,0,c))
d(2,:i) = int(real(pack(a, c))) ! list comprehensions: array
d(1,:i) = int(imag(pack(a, c))) ! assignments and operations.
d(3,:i) = int(pack(b,c))
print '(3i4)',d(:,:i)
end program list_comprehension
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|FreeBASIC}}==
{{trans|Run BASIC}}
FreeBASIC no tiene listas de comprensión. Una implementación:
<syntaxhighlight lang="freebasic">Dim As Integer x, y, z, n = 25
For x = 1 To n
For y = x To n
For z = y To n
If x^2 + y^2 = z^2 Then Print Using "{##_, ##_, ##}"; x; y; z
Next z
Next y
Next x
Sleep</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
{ 3, 4, 5}
{ 5, 12, 13}
{ 6, 8, 10}
{ 7, 24, 25}
{ 8, 15, 17}
{ 9, 12, 15}
{12, 16, 20}
{15, 20, 25}
</pre>
=={{header|FunL}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="funl">def triples( n ) = [(a, b, c) | a <- 1..n-2, b <- a+1..n-1, c <- b+1..n if a^2 + b^2 == c^2]
println( triples(20) )</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
[(3, 4, 5), (5, 12, 13), (6, 8, 10), (8, 15, 17), (9, 12, 15), (12, 16, 20)]
</pre>
=={{header|GAP}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="gap"># We keep only primitive pythagorean triples
pyth := n ->
Filtered(Cartesian([1 .. n], [1 .. n], [1 .. n]),
u -> u[3]^2 = u[1]^2 + u[2]^2 and u[1] < u[2]
and GcdInt(u[1], u[2]) = 1);
pyth(100);
# [ [ 3, 4, 5 ], [ 5, 12, 13 ], [ 7, 24, 25 ], [ 8, 15, 17 ], [ 9, 40, 41 ], [ 11, 60, 61 ], [ 12, 35, 37 ],
# [ 13, 84, 85 ], [ 16, 63, 65 ], [ 20, 21, 29 ], [ 28, 45, 53 ], [ 33, 56, 65 ], [ 36, 77, 85 ], [ 39, 80, 89 ],
# [ 48, 55, 73 ], [ 65, 72, 97 ] ]</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Go}}==
Go doesn't have special syntax for list comprehensions but we can build a function which behaves similarly.
<syntaxhighlight lang="go">package main
import "fmt"
type (
seq []int
sofs []seq
)
func newSeq(start, end int) seq {
if end < start {
end = start
}
s := make(seq, end-start+1)
for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
s[i] = start + i
}
return s
}
func newSofs() sofs {
return sofs{seq{}}
}
func (s sofs) listComp(in seq, expr func(sofs, seq) sofs, pred func(seq) bool) sofs {
var s2 sofs
for _, t := range expr(s, in) {
if pred(t) {
s2 = append(s2, t)
}
}
return s2
}
func (s sofs) build(t seq) sofs {
var u sofs
for _, ss := range s {
for _, tt := range t {
uu := make(seq, len(ss))
copy(uu, ss)
uu = append(uu, tt)
u = append(u, uu)
}
}
return u
}
func main() {
pt := newSofs()
in := newSeq(1, 20)
expr := func(s sofs, t seq) sofs {
return s.build(t).build(t).build(t)
}
pred := func(t seq) bool {
if len(t) != 3 {
return false
}
return t[0]*t[0]+t[1]*t[1] == t[2]*t[2] && t[0] < t[1] && t[1] < t[2]
}
pt = pt.listComp(in, expr, pred)
fmt.Println(pt)
}</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
[[3 4 5] [5 12 13] [6 8 10] [8 15 17] [9 12 15] [12 16 20]]
</pre>
=={{header|Haskell}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang
pyth n =
[ (x, y, z)
| x <- [1 .. n]
, y <- [x .. n]
, z <- [y .. n]
, x ^ 2 + y ^ 2 == z ^ 2 ]</syntaxhighlight>
List-comprehensions and do notation are two alternative and equivalent forms of syntactic sugar in Haskell.
The list comprehension above could be re-sugared in Do notation as:
<syntaxhighlight lang="haskell">pyth :: Int -> [(Int, Int, Int)]
pyth n = do
x <- [1 .. n]
y <- [x .. n]
z <- [y .. n]
else []</syntaxhighlight>
and both of the above could be de-sugared to:
<syntaxhighlight lang="haskell">pyth :: Int -> [(Int, Int, Int)]
pyth n =
[1 .. n] >>=
\x ->
[x .. n] >>=
\y ->
[y .. n] >>=
\z ->
case x ^ 2 + y ^ 2 == z ^ 2 of
True -> [(x, y, z)]
_ -> []</syntaxhighlight>
which can be further specialised (given the particular context of the list monad,
in which (>>=) is flip concatMap, pure is flip (:) [], and empty is []) to:
<syntaxhighlight lang="haskell">pyth :: Int -> [(Int, Int, Int)]
pyth n =
concatMap
(\x ->
concatMap
(\y ->
concatMap
(\z ->
if x ^ 2 + y ^ 2 == z ^ 2
then [(x, y, z)]
else [])
[y .. n])
[x .. n])
[1 .. n]
main :: IO ()
main = print $ pyth 25</syntaxhighlight>
{{Out}}
<pre>[(3,4,5),(5,12,13),(6,8,10),(7,24,25),(8,15,17),(9,12,15),(12,16,20),(15,20,25)]</pre>
Finally an alternative to the list comprehension from the beginning. First introduce all triplets:
<syntaxhighlight lang="haskell">triplets n = [(x, y, z) | x <- [1 .. n], y <- [x .. n], z <- [y .. n]]</syntaxhighlight>
If we apply this to our list comprehension we get this tidy line of code:
<syntaxhighlight lang="haskell">[(x, y, z) | (x, y, z) <- triplets n, x^2 + y^2 == z^2]</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Hy}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="clojure">(defn triples [n]
(list-comp (, a b c) [a (range 1 (inc n))
b (range a (inc n))
c (range b (inc n))]
(= (pow c 2)
(+ (pow a 2)
(pow b 2)))))
(print (triples 15))
; [(3, 4, 5), (5, 12, 13), (6, 8, 10), (9, 12, 15)]</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Icon}} and {{header|Unicon}}==
Icon's (and Unicon's) natural goal-directly evaluation produces result
sequences and can be used to form list comprehensions. For example, the
expression:
<syntaxhighlight lang="unicon">
|(x := seq(), x^2 > 3, x*2)
</syntaxhighlight>
is capable of producing successive elements from the infinite list described in the
Wikipedia article. For example, to produce the first 100 elements:
<syntaxhighlight lang="unicon">
procedure main()
every write(|(x := seq(), x^2 > 3, x*2) \ 100
end
</syntaxhighlight>
While result sequences are lexically bound to the code that describes them,
that code can be embedded in a co-expression to allow access to the result
sequence throughout the code. So Pythagorean triples can be produced
with (works in both languages):
<syntaxhighlight lang="unicon">procedure main(a)
n := integer(!a) | 20
s := create (x := 1 to n, y := x to n, z := y to n, x^2+y^2 = z^2, [x,y,z])
while a := @s do write(a[1]," ",a[2]," ",a[3])
end</syntaxhighlight>
Sample output:
<pre>
->lc
3 4 5
5 12 13
6 8 10
8 15 17
9 12 15
12 16 20
->
</pre>
=={{header|Insitux}}==
{{Trans|Clojure}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="insitux">
(function pythagorean-triples n
(let n+1 (inc n))
(for x (range 1 n+1)
y (range x n+1)
z (range y n+1)
(unless (= (+ (* x x) (* y y)) (* z z))
(continue))
[x y z]))
(pythagorean-triples 20)
</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
[[3 4 5] [5 12 13] [6 8 10] [8 15 17] [9 12 15] [12 16 20]]
</pre>
=={{header|Ioke}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="ioke">for(
x <- 1..20,
y <- x..20,
z <- y..20,
x * x + y * y == z * z,
[x, y, z]
)</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|J}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="j">require'stats'
buildSet=:conjunction def '(#~ v) u y'
triples=: 1 + 3&comb
isPyth=: 2&{"1 = 1&{"1 +&.:*: 0&{"1
pythTr=: triples buildSet isPyth</syntaxhighlight>
The idiom here has two major elements:
First, you need a statement indicating the values of interest. In this case, (1+3&
Second, you need a statement of the form (#~ B) where B returns true for the desired members, and false for the undesired members.
In the above example, the word isPyth is our predicate (represented as B in the preceding paragraph). This corresponds to the constraint clause in set builder notation.
In the above example the word triples represents the universe of potential solutions (some of which will be valid, some not). This corresponds to the generator part of set builder notation.
The argument to isPyth will be the candidate solutions (the result of triples). The argument to triples will be the largest element desired in a triple.
Example use:
<syntaxhighlight lang="j"> pythTr 20
3 4 5
5 12 13
6 8 10
8 15 17
9 12 15
12 16 20</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Java}}==
Java can stream a list, allowing something like a list comprehension. The syntax is (unsurprisingly) verbose, so you might wonder how good the likeness is. I've labeled the parts according to the description in Wikipedia.
Using list-of-arrays made the syntax easier than list-of-lists, but meant that you need the "output expression" part to get to something easily printable.
<syntaxhighlight lang="java">// Boilerplate
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import static java.util.function.Function.identity;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;
import static java.util.stream.IntStream.range;
public interface PythagComp{
static void main(String... args){
System.out.println(run(20));
}
static List<List<Integer>> run(int n){
return
// Here comes the list comprehension bit
// input stream - bit clunky
range(1, n).mapToObj(
x -> range(x, n).mapToObj(
y -> range(y, n).mapToObj(
z -> new Integer[]{x, y, z}
)
)
)
.flatMap(identity())
.flatMap(identity())
// predicate
.filter(a -> a[0]*a[0] + a[1]*a[1] == a[2]*a[2])
// output expression
.map(Arrays::asList)
// the result is a list
.collect(toList())
;
}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
{{Out}}
<pre>[[3, 4, 5], [5, 12, 13], [6, 8, 10], [8, 15, 17], [9, 12, 15]]</pre>
=={{header|JavaScript}}==
===ES5===
ES5 does not provide built-in notation for list comprehensions. The list monad pattern which underlies list comprehension notation can, however, be used in any language which supports the use of higher order functions. The following shows how we can achieve the same result by directly using a list monad in ES5, without the abbreviating convenience of any specific syntactic sugar.
<syntaxhighlight lang="javascript">// USING A LIST MONAD DIRECTLY, WITHOUT SPECIAL SYNTAX FOR LIST COMPREHENSIONS
(function (n) {
return mb(r(1, n), function (x) { // x <- [1..n]
return mb(r(1 + x, n), function (y) { // y <- [1+x..n]
return mb(r(1 + y, n), function (z) { // z <- [1+y..n]
return x * x + y * y === z * z ? [[x, y, z]] : [];
})})});
// LIBRARY FUNCTIONS
// Monadic bind for lists
function mb(xs, f) {
return [].concat.apply([], xs.map(f));
}
// Monadic return for lists is simply lambda x -> [x]
// as in [[x, y, z]] : [] above
// Integer range [m..n]
function r(m, n) {
return Array.apply(null, Array(n - m + 1))
.map(function (n, x) {
return m + x;
});
}
})(100);</syntaxhighlight>
Output:
<pre>[[3, 4, 5], [5, 12, 13], [6, 8, 10], [7, 24, 25], [8, 15, 17], [9, 12, 15], [9, 40, 41], [10, 24, 26], [11, 60, 61], [12, 16, 20], [12, 35, 37], [13, 84, 85], [14, 48, 50], [15, 20, 25], [15, 36, 39], [16, 30, 34], [16, 63, 65], [18, 24, 30], [18, 80, 82], [20, 21, 29], [20, 48, 52], [21, 28, 35], [21, 72, 75], [24, 32, 40], [24, 45, 51], [24, 70, 74], [25, 60, 65], [27, 36, 45], [28, 45, 53], [28, 96, 100], [30, 40, 50], [30, 72, 78], [32, 60, 68], [33, 44, 55], [33, 56, 65], [35, 84, 91], [36, 48, 60], [36, 77, 85], [39, 52, 65], [39, 80, 89], [40, 42, 58], [40, 75, 85], [42, 56, 70], [45, 60, 75], [48, 55, 73], [48, 64, 80], [51, 68, 85], [54, 72, 90], [57, 76, 95], [60, 63, 87], [60, 80, 100], [65, 72, 97]]</pre>
===ES6===
{{trans|Python}}
{{works with|JavaScript|1.7+ (Firefox 2+)}} {{works with|SpiderMonkey|1.7}}
See [https://developer.mozilla.org/en/New_in_JavaScript_1.7#Array_comprehensions here] for more details
<syntaxhighlight lang="javascript">function range(begin, end) {
for (let i = begin; i < end; ++i)
yield i;
}
function triples(n) {
return [
[x, y, z]
for each(x in range(1, n + 1))
for each(y in range(x, n + 1))
for each(z in range(y, n + 1))
if (x * x + y * y == z * z)
]
}
for each(var triple in triples(20))
print(triple);</syntaxhighlight>
outputs:
<pre>3,4,5
5,12,13
6,8,10
8,15,17
9,12,15
12,16,20</pre>
List comprehension notation was not, in the end, included in the final ES6 standard, and the code above will not run in fully ES6-compliant browsers or interpreters, but we can still go straight to the underlying monadic logic of list comprehensions and obtain:
<code>[ (x, y, z)
| x <- [1 .. n], y <- [x .. n], z <- [y .. n], x ^ 2 + y ^ 2 == z ^ 2 ]</code>
by using <code>concatMap</code> (the monadic bind function for lists), and <code>x => [x]</code> (monadic pure/return for lists):
<syntaxhighlight lang="javascript">(n => {
'use strict';
// GENERIC FUNCTIONS ------------------------------------------------------
// concatMap :: (a -> [b]) -> [a] -> [b]
const concatMap = (f, xs) => [].concat.apply([], xs.map(f));
// enumFromTo :: Int -> Int -> [Int]
const enumFromTo = (m, n) =>
Array.from({
length: Math.floor(n - m) + 1
}, (_, i) => m + i);
// EXAMPLE ----------------------------------------------------------------
// [(x, y, z) | x <- [1..n], y <- [x..n], z <- [y..n], x ^ 2 + y ^ 2 == z ^ 2]
return concatMap(x =>
concatMap(y =>
concatMap(z =>
x * x + y * y === z * z ? [
[x, y, z]
] : [],
enumFromTo(y, n)),
enumFromTo(x, n)),
enumFromTo(1, n));
})(20);</syntaxhighlight>
Or, expressed in terms of bind (>>=)
<syntaxhighlight lang="javascript">(n => {
'use strict';
// GENERIC FUNCTIONS ------------------------------------------------------
// bind (>>=) :: Monad m => m a -> (a -> m b) -> m b
const bind = (m, mf) =>
Array.isArray(m) ? (
bindList(m, mf)
) : bindMay(m, mf);
// bindList (>>=) :: [a] -> (a -> [b]) -> [b]
const bindList = (xs, mf) => [].concat.apply([], xs.map(mf));
// enumFromTo :: Enum a => a -> a -> [a]
const enumFromTo = (m, n) =>
(typeof m !== 'number' ? (
enumFromToChar
) : enumFromToInt)
.apply(null, [m, n]);
// enumFromToInt :: Int -> Int -> [Int]
const enumFromToInt = (m, n) =>
Array.from({
length: Math.floor(n - m) + 1
}, (_, i) => m + i);
// EXAMPLE ----------------------------------------------------------------
// [(x, y, z) | x <- [1..n], y <- [x..n], z <- [y..n], x ^ 2 + y ^ 2 == z ^ 2]
return bind(enumFromTo(1, n),
x => bind(enumFromTo(x, n),
y => bind(enumFromTo(y, n),
z => x * x + y * y === z * z ? [
[x, y, z]
] : []
)));
})(20);</syntaxhighlight>
{{Out}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="javascript">[[3, 4, 5], [5, 12, 13], [6, 8, 10], [8, 15, 17], [9, 12, 15], [12, 16, 20]]</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|jq}}==
'''Direct approach''':<syntaxhighlight lang="jq">def triples(n):
range(1;n+1) as $x | range($x;n+1) as $y | range($y;n+1) as $z
| select($x*$x + $y*$y == $z*$z)
| [$x, $y, $z] ;
</syntaxhighlight>
'''Using listof(stream; criterion)'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="jq"># listof( stream; criterion) constructs an array of those
# elements in the stream that satisfy the criterion
def listof( stream; criterion): [ stream|select(criterion) ];
def listof_triples(n):
listof( range(1;n+1) as $x | range($x;n+1) as $y | range($y;n+1) as $z
| [$x, $y, $z];
.[0] * .[0] + .[1] * .[1] == .[2] * .[2] ) ;
listof_triples(20)</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
$ jq -c -n -f list_of_triples.jq
[[3,4,5],[5,12,13],[6,8,10],[8,15,17],[9,12,15],[12,16,20]]
</pre>
=={{header|Julia}}==
Array comprehension:
<syntaxhighlight lang="julia">
julia> n = 20
20
julia> [(x, y, z) for x = 1:n for y = x:n for z = y:n if x^2 + y^2 == z^2]
6-element Array{Tuple{Int64,Int64,Int64},1}:
(3,4,5)
(5,12,13)
(6,8,10)
(8,15,17)
(9,12,15)
(12,16,20)
</syntaxhighlight>
A Julia generator comprehension (note the outer round brackets), returns an iterator over the same result rather than an explicit array:
<syntaxhighlight lang="julia">
julia> ((x, y, z) for x = 1:n for y = x:n for z = y:n if x^2 + y^2 == z^2)
Base.Flatten{Base.Generator{UnitRange{Int64},##33#37}}(Base.Generator{UnitRange{Int64},##33#37}(#33,1:20))
julia> collect(ans)
6-element Array{Tuple{Int64,Int64,Int64},1}:
(3,4,5)
(5,12,13)
(6,8,10)
(8,15,17)
(9,12,15)
(12,16,20)
</syntaxhighlight>
Array comprehensions may also be N-dimensional, not just vectors:
<syntaxhighlight lang="julia">
julia> [i + j for i in 1:5, j in 1:5]
5×5 Array{Int64,2}:
2 3 4 5 6
3 4 5 6 7
4 5 6 7 8
5 6 7 8 9
6 7 8 9 10
julia> [i + j for i in 1:5, j in 1:5, k in 1:2]
5×5×2 Array{Int64,3}:
[:, :, 1] =
2 3 4 5 6
3 4 5 6 7
4 5 6 7 8
5 6 7 8 9
6 7 8 9 10
[:, :, 2] =
2 3 4 5 6
3 4 5 6 7
4 5 6 7 8
5 6 7 8 9
6 7 8 9 10
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Kotlin}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="scala">// version 1.0.6
fun pythagoreanTriples(n: Int) =
(1..n).flatMap {
x -> (x..n).flatMap {
y -> (y..n).filter {
z -> x * x + y * y == z * z
}.map { Triple(x, y, it) }
}
}
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
println(pythagoreanTriples(20))
}</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
[(3, 4, 5), (5, 12, 13), (6, 8, 10), (8, 15, 17), (9, 12, 15), (12, 16, 20)]
</pre>
=={{header|Lasso}}==
Lasso uses query expressions for list manipulation.
<syntaxhighlight lang="lasso">#!/usr/bin/lasso9
local(n = 20)
local(triples =
with x in generateSeries(1, #n),
y in generateSeries(#x, #n),
z in generateSeries(#y, #n)
where #x*#x + #y*#y == #z*#z
select (:#x, #y, #z)
)
#triples->join('\n')</syntaxhighlight>
Output:
<syntaxhighlight lang="lasso">staticarray(3, 4, 5)
staticarray(5, 12, 13)
staticarray(6, 8, 10)
staticarray(8, 15, 17)
staticarray(9, 12, 15)
staticarray(12, 16, 20)</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Lua}}==
Lua doesn't have list comprehensions built in, but they can be constructed from chained coroutines:
<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
LC={}
LC.__index = LC
function LC:new(o)
o = o or {}
setmetatable(o, self)
return o
end
function LC:add_iter(func)
local prev_iter = self.iter
self.iter = coroutine.wrap(
(prev_iter == nil) and (function() func{} end)
or (function() for arg in prev_iter do func(arg) end end))
return self
end
function maybe_call(maybe_func, arg)
if type(maybe_func) == "function" then return maybe_func(arg) end
return maybe_func
end
function LC:range(key, first, last)
return self:add_iter(function(arg)
for value=maybe_call(first, arg), maybe_call(last, arg) do
arg[key] = value
coroutine.yield(arg)
end
end)
end
function LC:where(pred)
return self:add_iter(function(arg) if pred(arg) then coroutine.yield(arg) end end)
end
</syntaxhighlight>
We can then define a function to compute Pythagorean triples as follows:
<syntaxhighlight lang="lua">
function get(key)
return (function(arg) return arg[key] end)
end
function is_pythagorean(arg)
return (arg.x^2 + arg.y^2 == arg.z^2)
end
function list_pythagorean_triples(n)
return LC:new():range("x",1,n):range("y",1,get("x")):range("z", get("y"), n):where(is_pythagorean).iter
end
for arg in list_pythagorean_triples(100) do
print(arg.x, arg.y, arg.z)
end
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Mathematica}}/{{header|Wolfram Language}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="mathematica">Select[Tuples[Range[100], 3], #1[[1]]^2 + #1[[2]]^2 == #1[[3]]^2 &]</syntaxhighlight>
<syntaxhighlight lang="mathematica">Pick[#, (#^2).{1, 1, -1}, 0] &@Tuples[Range[100], 3]</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|MATLAB}} / {{header|Octave}}==
In Matlab/Octave, one does not think much about lists rather than vectors and matrices. Probably, the find() operation comes closes to the task
<syntaxhighlight lang="matlab">N = 20
[a,b] = meshgrid(1:N, 1:N);
c = sqrt(a.^2 + b.^2);
[x,y] = find(c == fix(c));
disp([x, y, sqrt(x.^2 + y.^2)])</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre> 4 3 5
3 4 5
12 5 13
8 6 10
6 8 10
15 8 17
12 9 15
5 12 13
9 12 15
16 12 20
8 15 17
20 15 25
12 16 20
15 20 25
</pre>
=={{header|Mercury}}==
''Solutions'' behaves like list comprehension since compound goals resemble set-builder notation.
<syntaxhighlight lang="mercury">
:- module pythtrip.
:- interface.
:- import_module io.
:- import_module int.
:- type triple ---> triple(int, int, int).
:- pred pythTrip(int::in,triple::out) is nondet.
:- pred main(io::di, io::uo) is det.
:- implementation.
:- import_module list.
:- import_module solutions.
:- import_module math.
pythTrip(Limit,triple(X,Y,Z)) :-
nondet_int_in_range(1,Limit,X),
nondet_int_in_range(X,Limit,Y),
nondet_int_in_range(Y,Limit,Z),
pow(Z,2) = pow(X,2) + pow(Y,2).
main(!IO) :-
solutions((pred(Triple::out) is nondet :- pythTrip(20,Triple)),Result),
write(Result,!IO).
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Nemerle}}==
Demonstrating a list comprehension and an iterator. List comprehension adapted from Haskell example, iterator adapted from C# example.
<syntaxhighlight lang="nemerle">using System;
using System.Console;
using System.Collections.Generic;
module Program
{
PythTriples(n : int) : list[int * int * int]
{
$[ (x, y, z) | x in [1..n], y in [x..n], z in [y..n], ((x**2) + (y**2)) == (z**2) ]
}
GetPythTriples(n : int) : IEnumerable[int * int * int]
{
foreach (x in [1..n])
{
foreach (y in [x..n])
{
foreach (z in [y..n])
{
when (((x**2) + (y**2)) == (z**2))
{
yield (x, y, z)
}
}
}
}
}
Main() : void
{
WriteLine("Pythagorean triples up to x = 20: {0}", PythTriples(20));
foreach (triple in GetPythTriples(20))
{
Write(triple)
}
}
}</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Nim}}==
List comprehension is done in the standard library with the collect() macro (which uses for-loop macros) from the sugar package:
<syntaxhighlight lang="nim">import sugar, math
let n = 20
let triplets = collect(newSeq):
for x in 1..n:
for y in x..n:
for z in y..n:
if x^2 + y^2 == z^2:
(x,y,z)
echo triplets</syntaxhighlight>
Output:
<pre>@[(3, 4, 5), (5, 12, 13), (6, 8, 10), (8, 15, 17), (9, 12, 15), (12, 16, 20)]</pre>
A special syntax for list comprehensions in Nim can be implemented thanks to the strong metaprogramming capabilities:
<syntaxhighlight lang="nim">import macros
type ListComprehension = object
var lc*: ListComprehension
macro `[]`*(lc: ListComprehension, x, t): untyped =
expectLen(x, 3)
expectKind(x, nnkInfix)
expectKind(x[0], nnkIdent)
assert($x[0].strVal == "|")
result = newCall(
newDotExpr(
newIdentNode("result"),
newIdentNode("add")),
x[1])
for i in countdown(x[2].len-1, 0):
let y = x[2][i]
expectKind(y, nnkInfix)
expectMinLen(y, 1)
if y[0].kind == nnkIdent and $y[0].strVal == "<-":
expectLen(y, 3)
result = newNimNode(nnkForStmt).add(y[1], y[2], result)
else:
result = newIfStmt((y, result))
result = newNimNode(nnkCall).add(
newNimNode(nnkPar).add(
newNimNode(nnkLambda).add(
newEmptyNode(),
newEmptyNode(),
newEmptyNode(),
newNimNode(nnkFormalParams).add(
newNimNode(nnkBracketExpr).add(
newIdentNode("seq"),
t)),
newEmptyNode(),
newEmptyNode(),
newStmtList(
newAssignment(
newIdentNode("result"),
newNimNode(nnkPrefix).add(
newIdentNode("@"),
newNimNode(nnkBracket))),
result))))
const n = 20
echo lc[(x,y,z) | (x <- 1..n, y <- x..n, z <- y..n, x*x + y*y == z*z), tuple[a,b,c: int]]</syntaxhighlight>
Output:
<pre>@[(a: 3, b: 4, c: 5), (a: 5, b: 12, c: 13), (a: 6, b: 8, c: 10), (a: 8, b: 15, c: 17), (a: 9, b: 12, c: 15), (a: 12, b: 16, c: 20)]</pre>
=={{header|OCaml}}==
As of OCaml 4.08 (2019), [https://v2.ocaml.org/manual/bindingops.html binding operators] were added to the language syntax. A general notion of "comprehension syntax" can be recovered using them.
Assuming a comprehension is of the form
<code>[ expression | x <- enumeration ; condition ; ... ]</code>
We can rewrite it using binding operators like so
<syntaxhighlight lang="ocaml">let* x = enumeration in
if not condition then empty else
return expression
</syntaxhighlight>
For instance, we can write the required Pythagorean triples comprehension:
<syntaxhighlight lang="ocaml">let pyth n =
let* x = 1 -- n in
let* y = x -- n in
let* z = y -- n in
if x * x + y * y <> z * z then [] else
[x, y, z]
</syntaxhighlight>
where the <code>(let*)</code> and <code>(--)</code> operators are defined for the <code>List</code> module like so:
<syntaxhighlight lang="ocaml">let (let*) xs f = List.concat_map f xs
let (--) a b = List.init (b-a+1) ((+)a)
</syntaxhighlight>
=====Historical note=====
:OCaml never had a built-in list-comprehension syntax. However, there have been a couple of preprocessing syntax extensions which aimed to add list comprehensions sugar to the language. One of which was shipped directly with [https://github.com/camlp4/camlp4 camlp4], a tool for syntax extensions that was bundled with the OCaml compiler distribution, up to version 4.02 (2014), and was completely deprecated after version 4.08 (2019).
:Another, [https://github.com/ocaml-batteries-team/batteries-included OCaml Batteries Included], had uniform comprehension syntax for lists, arrays, enumerations (like streams), lazy lists (like lists but evaluated on-demand), sets, hashtables, etc. This later split into the now legacy package [https://github.com/murmour/pa_comprehension pa_comprehensions], which is similarly deprecated.
=={{header|Oz}}==
Oz does not have list comprehension.
However, there is a list comprehension package available [http://oz-code.googlecode.com/files/ListComprehension.zip here]. It uses the <em>unofficial and deprecated</em> macro system. Usage example:
<syntaxhighlight lang="oz">functor
import
LazyList
Application
System
define
fun {Pyth N}
<<list [X Y Z] with
X <- {List.number 1 N 1}
Y <- {List.number X N 1}
Z <- {List.number Y N 1}
where X*X + Y*Y == Z*Z
>>
end
{ForAll {Pyth 20} System.show}
{Application.exit 0}
end</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|PARI/GP}}==
GP 2.6.0 added support for a new comprehension syntax:
{{works with|PARI/GP|2.6.0 and above}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="parigp">f(n)=[v|v<-vector(n^3,i,vector(3,j,i\n^(j-1)%n)),norml2(v)==2*v[3]^2]</syntaxhighlight>
Older versions of GP can emulate this through <code>select</code>:
{{PARI/GP select}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="parigp">f(n)=select(v->norml2(v)==2*v[3]^2,vector(n^3,i,vector(3,j,i\n^(j-1)%n)))</syntaxhighlight>
Version 2.4.2 (obsolete, but widespread on Windows systems) requires inversion:
{{works with|PARI/GP|2.4.2}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="parigp">f(n)=select(vector(n^3,i,vector(3,j,i\n^(j-1)%n)),v->norml2(v)==2*v[3]^2)</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Perl}}==
Line 154 ⟶ 1,738:
Perl 5 does not have built-in list comprehension syntax. The closest approach are the list <code>map</code> and <code>grep</code> (elsewhere often known as filter) operators:
<
my ($n) = @_;
map { my $x = $_; map { my $y = $_; map { [$x, $y, $_] } grep { $x**2 + $y**2 == $_**2 } 1..$n } 1..$n } 1..$n;
}</
<code>map</code> binds <code>$_</code> to each element of the input list and collects the results from the block. <code>grep</code> returns every element of the input list for which the block returns true. The <code>..</code> operator generates a list of numbers in a specific range.
<
print "@$t\n";
}</
=={{header|Phix}}==
Phix does not have builtin support for list comprehensions.
However, consider the fact that the compiler essentially converts an expression such as s[i] into calls
to the low-level back end (machine code) routines :%opRepe and :%opSubse depending on context (although
somtimes it will inline things and sometimes for better performance it will use opRepe1/opRepe1ip/opRepe1is and
opSubse1/opSubse1i/opSubse1is/opSubse1ip variants, but that's just detail). It also maps ? to hll print().
Thinking laterally, Phix also does not have any special syntax for dictionaries, instead they are supported
via an autoinclude with the following standard hll routines:
<!--<syntaxhighlight lang="phix">(phixonline)-->
<span style="color: #008080;">global</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">new_dict</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">pool_only</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">global</span> <span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">destroy_dict</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">tid</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">justclear</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">global</span> <span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">setd</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">object</span> <span style="color: #000000;">key</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">object</span> <span style="color: #000000;">data</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">tid</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">global</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">getd</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">object</span> <span style="color: #000000;">key</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">tid</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">global</span> <span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">destroy_dict</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">tid</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">justclear</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">global</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">getd_index</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">object</span> <span style="color: #000000;">key</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">tid</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">global</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">getd_by_index</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">node</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">tid</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">global</span> <span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">deld</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">object</span> <span style="color: #000000;">key</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">tid</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">global</span> <span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">traverse_dict</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">rid</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">object</span> <span style="color: #000000;">user_data</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">tid</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">global</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">dict_size</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">tid</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<!--</syntaxhighlight>-->
Clearly it would be relatively trivial for the compiler, just like it does with s[i], to map some other new
dictionary syntax to calls to these routines (not that it would ever use the default tid of 1, and admittedly
traverse_dict might prove a bit trickier than the rest). Since Phix is open source, needs no other tools, and
compiles itself in 10s, that is not as unreasonable for you (yes, you) to attempt as it might first sound.
With all that in mind, the following (which works just fine as it is) might be a first step to formal list comprehension support:
<!--<syntaxhighlight lang="phix">(phixonline)-->
<span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- demo\rosetta\List_comprehensions.exw</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">with</span> <span style="color: #008080;">javascript_semantics</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #000000;">list_comprehension</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">sequence</span> <span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">rid</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">k</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">level</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #004080;">sequence</span> <span style="color: #000000;">args</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">={})</span>
<span style="color: #004080;">sequence</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">{}</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">args</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">&=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">0</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">for</span> <span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span> <span style="color: #008080;">to</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">length</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #008080;">do</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">args</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[$]</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">]</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">if</span> <span style="color: #000000;">level</span><span style="color: #0000FF;"><</span><span style="color: #000000;">k</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">res</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">&=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">list_comprehension</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">rid</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">k</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">level</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">+</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">deep_copy</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">args</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">))</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">else</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">res</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">&=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">call_func</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">rid</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">args</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">if</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">for</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #000000;">triangle</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">a</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #000000;">b</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #000000;">c</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">if</span> <span style="color: #000000;">a</span><span style="color: #0000FF;"><</span><span style="color: #000000;">b</span> <span style="color: #008080;">and</span> <span style="color: #000000;">a</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">*</span><span style="color: #000000;">a</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">+</span><span style="color: #000000;">b</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">*</span><span style="color: #000000;">b</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">c</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">*</span><span style="color: #000000;">c</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">{{</span><span style="color: #000000;">a</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">b</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">c</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">}}</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">if</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">{}</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span>
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">list_comprehension</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">tagset</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">20</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">),</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">routine_id</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #008000;">"triangle"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">),</span><span style="color: #000000;">3</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<!--</syntaxhighlight>-->
{{out}}
<pre>
{{3,4,5},{5,12,13},{6,8,10},{8,15,17},{9,12,15},{12,16,20}}
</pre>
=={{header|Picat}}==
===List comprehensions===
<syntaxhighlight lang="picat">pyth(N) = [[A,B,C] : A in 1..N, B in A..N, C in B..N, A**2 + B**2 == C**2].</syntaxhighlight>
===Array comprehensions===
Picat also has array comprehensions. Arrays are generally used for faster access (using <code>{}</code> instead of <code>[]</code>).
<syntaxhighlight lang="picat">pyth(N) = {{A,B,C} : A in 1..N, B in A..N, C in B..N, A**2 + B**2 == C**2}.</syntaxhighlight>
===findall/2===
A related construct is <code>findall/2</code> to get all solutions for the specific goal at the second parameter. Here this is shown with <code>member/2</code> for generating the numbers to test (which for this task is fairly inefficient).
<syntaxhighlight lang="text">pyth(N) = findall([A,B,C], (member(A,1..N), member(B,1..N), member(C,1..N), A < B, A**2 + B**2 == C**2)).</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|PicoLisp}}==
PicoLisp doesn't have list comprehensions.
We might use a generator function, pipe, coroutine or pilog predicate.
===Using a generator function===
<syntaxhighlight lang="picolisp">(de pythag (N)
(job '((X . 1) (Y . 1) (Z . 0))
(loop
(when (> (inc 'Z) N)
(when (> (inc 'Y) N)
(setq Y (inc 'X)) )
(setq Z Y) )
(T (> X N))
(T (= (+ (* X X) (* Y Y)) (* Z Z))
(list X Y Z) ) ) ) )
(while (pythag 20)
(println @) )</syntaxhighlight>
===Using a pipe===
<syntaxhighlight lang="picolisp">(pipe
(for X 20
(for Y (range X 20)
(for Z (range Y 20)
(when (= (+ (* X X) (* Y Y)) (* Z Z))
(pr (list X Y Z)) ) ) ) )
(while (rd)
(println @) ) )</syntaxhighlight>
===Using a coroutine===
Coroutines are available only in the 64-bit version.
<syntaxhighlight lang="picolisp">(de pythag (N)
(co 'pythag
(for X N
(for Y (range X N)
(for Z (range Y N)
(when (= (+ (* X X) (* Y Y)) (* Z Z))
(yield (list X Y Z)) ) ) ) ) ) )
(while (pythag 20)
(println @) )</syntaxhighlight>
Output in all three cases:
<pre>(3 4 5)
(5 12 13)
(6 8 10)
(8 15 17)
(9 12 15)
(12 16 20)</pre>
===Using Pilog===
{{works with|PicoLisp|3.0.9.7}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="picolisp">(be pythag (@N @X @Y @Z)
(for @X @N)
(for @Y @X @N)
(for @Z @Y @N)
(^ @
(let (X (-> @X) Y (-> @Y) Z (-> @Z))
(= (+ (* X X) (* Y Y)) (* Z Z)) ) ) )</syntaxhighlight>
Test:
<syntaxhighlight lang="picolisp">: (? (pythag 20 @X @Y @Z))
@X=3 @Y=4 @Z=5
@X=5 @Y=12 @Z=13
@X=6 @Y=8 @Z=10
@X=8 @Y=15 @Z=17
@X=9 @Y=12 @Z=15
@X=12 @Y=16 @Z=20
-> NIL</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Prolog}}==
SWI-Prolog does not have list comprehension, however we can simulate it.
<syntaxhighlight lang="prolog">% We need operators
:- op(700, xfx, <-).
:- op(450, xfx, ..).
:- op(1100, yfx, &).
% use for explicit list usage
my_bind(V, [H|_]) :- V = H.
my_bind(V, [_|T]) :- my_bind(V, T).
% we need to define the intervals of numbers
Vs <- M..N :-
integer(M),
integer(N),
M =< N,
between(M, N, Vs).
% for explicit list comprehension like Vs <- [1,2,3]
Vs <- Xs :-
is_list(Xs),
my_bind(Vs, Xs).
% finally we define list comprehension
% prototype is Vs <- {Var, Dec, Pred} where
% Var is the list of variables to output
% Dec is the list of intervals of the variables
% Pred is the list of predicates
Vs <- {Var & Dec & Pred} :-
findall(Var, maplist(call, [Dec, Pred]), Vs).
% for list comprehension without Pred
Vs <- {Var & Dec} :-
findall(Var, maplist(call, [Dec]), Vs).
</syntaxhighlight>
Examples of use :<BR>
List of Pythagorean triples :
<pre> ?- V <- {X, Y, Z & X <- 1..20, Y <- X..20, Z <- Y..20 & X*X+Y*Y =:= Z*Z}.
V = [ (3,4,5), (5,12,13), (6,8,10), (8,15,17), (9,12,15), (12,16,20)] ;
false.
</pre>
List of double of x, where x^2 is greater than 50 :
<pre> ?- V <- {Y & X <- 1..20 & X*X > 50, Y is 2 * X}.
V = [16,18,20,22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36,38,40] ;
false.
</pre>
<pre>?- Vs <- {X, Y & X <- [1,2,3], Y <- [1,2,3, 4] & X = Y}.
Vs = [ (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)].
</pre>
<pre>?- Vs <- {X, Y & X <- [1,2,3], Y <- 1..5 & X = Y}.
Vs = [ (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)].
</pre>
<pre>?- Vs <- {X, Y & X <- [1,2], Y <- [4,5] }.
Vs = [ (1, 4), (1, 5), (2, 4), (2, 5)].
</pre>
=={{header|Python}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="python">
import itertools
n = 20
# List comprehension:
[(x,y,z) for x in xrange(1,n+1) for y in xrange(x,n+1) for z in xrange(y,n+1) if x**2 + y**2 == z**2]
# A Python generator
# returns an iterator over the same result rather than an explicit list:
((x,y,z) for x in xrange(1,n+1) for y in xrange(x,n+1) for z in xrange(y,n+1) if x**2 + y**2 == z**2)
# A slower but more readable version:
[(x, y, z) for (x, y, z) in itertools.product(xrange(1,n+1),repeat=3) if x**2 + y**2 == z**2 and x <= y <= z]
# Or as an iterator:
((x, y, z) for (x, y, z) in itertools.product(xrange(1,n+1),repeat=3) if x**2 + y**2 == z**2 and x <= y <= z)
# Alternatively we shorten the initial list comprehension but this time without compromising on speed.
# First we introduce a generator which generates all triplets:
def triplets(n):
for x in xrange(1, n + 1):
for y in xrange(x, n + 1):
for z in xrange(y, n + 1):
yield x, y, z
# Apply this to our list comprehension gives:
[(x, y, z) for (x, y, z) in triplets(n) if x**2 + y**2 == z**2]
# Or as an iterator:
((x, y, z) for (x, y, z) in triplets(n) if x**2 + y**2 == z**2)
# More generally, the list comprehension syntax can be understood as a concise syntactic sugaring
# of a use of the list monad, in which non-matches are returned as empty lists, matches are wrapped
# as single-item lists, and concatenation flattens the output, eliminating the empty lists.
# The monadic 'bind' operator for lists is concatMap, traditionally used with its first two arguments flipped.
# The following three formulations of a '''pts''' (pythagorean triangles) function are equivalent:
from functools import (reduce)
from operator import (add)
# pts :: Int -> [(Int, Int, Int)]
def pts(n):
m = 1 + n
return [(x, y, z) for x in xrange(1, m)
for y in xrange(x, m)
for z in xrange(y, m) if x**2 + y**2 == z**2]
# pts2 :: Int -> [(Int, Int, Int)]
def pts2(n):
m = 1 + n
return bindList(
xrange(1, m)
)(lambda x: bindList(
xrange(x, m)
)(lambda y: bindList(
xrange(y, m)
)(lambda z: [(x, y, z)] if x**2 + y**2 == z**2 else [])))
# pts3 :: Int -> [(Int, Int, Int)]
def pts3(n):
m = 1 + n
return concatMap(
lambda x: concatMap(
lambda y: concatMap(
lambda z: [(x, y, z)] if x**2 + y**2 == z**2 else []
)(xrange(y, m))
)(xrange(x, m))
)(xrange(1, m))
# GENERIC ---------------------------------------------------------
# concatMap :: (a -> [b]) -> [a] -> [b]
def concatMap(f):
return lambda xs: (
reduce(add, map(f, xs), [])
)
# (flip concatMap)
# bindList :: [a] -> (a -> [b]) -> [b]
def bindList(xs):
return lambda f: (
reduce(add, map(f, xs), [])
)
def main():
for f in [pts, pts2, pts3]:
print (f(20))
main()
</syntaxhighlight>
{{Out}}
<pre>[(3, 4, 5), (5, 12, 13), (6, 8, 10), (8, 15, 17), (9, 12, 15), (12, 16, 20)]
[(3, 4, 5), (5, 12, 13), (6, 8, 10), (8, 15, 17), (9, 12, 15), (12, 16, 20)]
[(3, 4, 5), (5, 12, 13), (6, 8, 10), (8, 15, 17), (9, 12, 15), (12, 16, 20)]</pre>
=={{header|R}}==
R has inherent list comprehension:
<syntaxhighlight lang="r">
x = (0:10)
> x^2
[1] 0 1 4 9 16 25 36 49 64 81 100
> Reduce(function(y,z){return (y+z)},x)
[1] 55
> x[x[(0:length(x))] %% 2==0]
[1] 0 2 4 6 8 10
</syntaxhighlight>
R's "data frame" functions can be used to achieve the same code clarity (at the cost of expanding the entire grid into memory before the filtering step)
<syntaxhighlight lang="r">
subset(expand.grid(x=1:n, y=1:n, z=1:n), x^2 + y^2 == z^2)
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Racket}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="racket">
#lang racket
(for*/list ([x (in-range 1 21)]
[y (in-range x 21)]
[z (in-range y 21)]
#:when (= (+ (* x x) (* y y)) (* z z)))
(list x y z))
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Raku}}==
(formerly Perl 6)
Raku has single-dimensional list comprehensions that fall out naturally from nested modifiers; multidimensional comprehensions are also supported via the cross operator; however, Raku does not (yet) support multi-dimensional list comprehensions with dependencies between the lists, so the most straightforward way is currently:
<syntaxhighlight lang="raku" line>my $n = 20;
say gather for 1..$n -> $x {
for $x..$n -> $y {
for $y..$n -> $z {
take $x,$y,$z if $x*$x + $y*$y == $z*$z;
}
}
}</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>((3 4 5) (5 12 13) (6 8 10) (8 15 17) (9 12 15) (12 16 20))</pre>
Note that <tt>gather</tt>/<tt>take</tt> is the primitive in Raku corresponding to generators or coroutines in other languages. It is not, however, tied to function call syntax in Raku. We can get away with that because lists are lazy, and the demand for more of the list is implicit; it does not need to be driven by function calls.
=={{header|Rascal}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="rascal">
public list[tuple[int, int, int]] PythTriples(int n) = [<a, b, c> | a <- [1..n], b <- [1..n], c <- [1 .. n], a*a + b*b == c*c];
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|REXX}}==
There is no native comprehensive support for lists ''per se'', except that
<br>normal lists can be processed quite easily and without much effort.
===vertical list===
<syntaxhighlight lang="rexx">/*REXX program displays a vertical list of Pythagorean triples up to a specified number.*/
parse arg n . /*obtain optional argument from the CL.*/
if n=='' | n=="," then n= 100 /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/
say 'Pythagorean triples (a² + b² = c², c ≤' n"):" /*display the list's title. */
$= /*assign a null to the triples list. */
do a=1 for n-2; aa=a*a
do b=a+1 to n-1; ab=aa + b*b
do c=b+1 to n ; cc= c*c
if ab<cc then leave /*Too small? Then try the next B. */
if ab==cc then do; $=$ '{'a"," || b','c"}"; leave; end
end /*c*/
end /*b*/
end /*a*/
#= words($); sat
do j=1 for #
say left('', 20) word($, j) /*display a member of the list, */
end /*j*/ /* [↑] list the members vertically. */
say
say # ' members listed.' /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */</syntaxhighlight>
{{out|output|text= when using the default input:}}
<pre style="height:45ex">
Pythagorean triples (a² + b² = c², c ≤ 100):
{3,4,5}
{5,12,13}
{6,8,10}
{7,24,25}
{8,15,17}
{9,12,15}
{9,40,41}
{10,24,26}
{11,60,61}
{12,16,20}
{12,35,37}
{13,84,85}
{14,48,50}
{15,20,25}
{15,36,39}
{16,30,34}
{16,63,65}
{18,24,30}
{18,80,82}
{20,21,29}
{20,48,52}
{21,28,35}
{21,72,75}
{24,32,40}
{24,45,51}
{24,70,74}
{25,60,65}
{27,36,45}
{28,45,53}
{28,96,100}
{30,40,50}
{30,72,78}
{32,60,68}
{33,44,55}
{33,56,65}
{35,84,91}
{36,48,60}
{36,77,85}
{39,52,65}
{39,80,89}
{40,42,58}
{40,75,85}
{42,56,70}
{45,60,75}
{48,55,73}
{48,64,80}
{51,68,85}
{54,72,90}
{57,76,95}
{60,63,87}
{60,80,100}
{65,72,97}
52 members listed.
</pre>
===horizontal list===
<syntaxhighlight lang="rexx">/*REXX program shows a horizontal list of Pythagorean triples up to a specified number. */
parse arg n . /*obtain optional argument from the CL.*/
if n=='' | n=="," then n= 100 /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/
do k=1 for n; @.k= k*k /*precompute the squares of usable #'s.*/
end /*k*/
sw= linesize() - 1 /*obtain the terminal width (less one).*/
say 'Pythagorean triples (a² + b² = c², c ≤' n"):" /*display the list's title. */
$= /*assign a null to the triples list. */
do a=1 for n-2; bump= a//2 /*Note: A*A is faster than A**2. */
do b=a+1 to n-1 by 1+bump
ab= @.a + @.b /*AB: a shortcut for the sum of A² & B²*/
if bump==0 & b//2==0 then cump= 2
else cump= 1
do c=b+cump to n by cump
if ab<@.c then leave /*Too small? Then try the next B. */
if ab==@.c then do; $=$ '{'a"," || b','c"}"; leave; end
end /*c*/
end /*b*/
end /*a*/
#= words($); say
do j=1 until p==0; p= lastPos('}', $, sw) /*find the last } */
if p\==0 then do; _= left($, p)
say strip(_)
$= substr($, p+1)
end
end /*j*/
say strip($); say
say # ' members listed.' /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */</syntaxhighlight>
{{out|output|text= when using the following input: <tt> 35 </tt>}}
<pre>
Pythagorean triples (a² + b² = c², c ≤ 35):
{3,4,5} {5,12,13} {6,8,10} {7,24,25} {8,15,17} {9,12,15} {10,24,26} {12,16,20} {15,20,25} {16,30,34} {18,24,30} {20,21,29} {21,28,35}
13 members listed.
</pre>
=={{header|Ring}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="ring">
for x = 1 to 20
for y = x to 20
for z = y to 20
if pow(x,2) + pow(y,2) = pow(z,2)
see "[" + x + "," + y + "," + z + "]" + nl ok
next
next
next
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Ruby}}==
Ruby has no special syntax for list comprehensions.
Enumerable#select comprises a list from one variable, like Perl grep() or Python filter(). Some lists need Array#map! to transform the variable.
* <tt>(1..100).select { |x| x % 3 == 0 }</tt> is the list of all x from 1 to 100 such that x is a multiple of 3.
* <tt>methods.select { |name| name.length <= 5 }</tt> is the list of all methods from <tt>self</tt> with names not longer than 5 characters.
* <tt>Dir["/bin/*"].select { |p| File.setuid? p }.map! { |p| File.basename p }</tt> is the list of all files in /bin with a setuid bit.
Ruby's object-oriented style enforces writing 1..100 before x. Think not of x in 1..100. Think of 1..100 giving x.
=== Ruby 1.9.2 ===
{{works with|Ruby|1.9.2}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="ruby">n = 20
# select Pythagorean triplets
r = ((1..n).flat_map { |x|
(x..n).flat_map { |y|
(y..n).flat_map { |z|
[[x, y, z]].keep_if { x * x + y * y == z * z }}}})
p r # print the array _r_</syntaxhighlight>
Output: <tt>[[3, 4, 5], [5, 12, 13], [6, 8, 10], [8, 15, 17], [9, 12, 15], [12, 16, 20]]</tt>
Ruby 1.9.2 introduces two new methods: Enumerable#flat_map joins all the arrays from the block. Array#keep_if is an alternative to Enumerable#select that modifies the original array. (We avoid Array#select! because it might not return the array.)
* The <tt><nowiki>[[x, y, z]].keep_if { ... }</nowiki></tt> returns either an array of one Pythagorean triplet, or an empty array.
* The inner <tt>(y..n).flat_map { ... }</tt> concatenates those arrays for all z given some x, y.
* The middle <tt>(x..n).flat_map { ... }</tt> concatenates the inner arrays for all y given some x.
* The outer <tt>(1..n).flat_map { ... }</tt> concatenates the middle arrays for all x.
Illustrating a way to avoid all loops (but no list comprehensions) :
<syntaxhighlight lang="ruby">n = 20
p (1..n).to_a.combination(3).select{|a,b,c| a*a + b*b == c*c}
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Run BASIC}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="runbasic">for x = 1 to 20
for y = x to 20
for z = y to 20
if x^2 + y^2 = z^2 then print "[";x;",";y;",";z;"]"
next z
next y
next x</syntaxhighlight>Output:
<pre>[3,4,5]
[5,12,13]
[6,8,10]
[8,15,17]
[9,12,15]
[12,16,20]</pre>
=={{header|Rust}}==
Rust doesn't have comprehension-syntax, but it has powerful lazy-iteration mechanisms topped with a powerful macro system, as such you can implement comprehensions on top of the language fairly easily.
=== Iterator ===
First using the built-in iterator trait, we can simply flat-map and then filter-map:
<syntaxhighlight lang="rust">fn pyth(n: u32) -> impl Iterator<Item = [u32; 3]> {
(1..=n).flat_map(move |x| {
(x..=n).flat_map(move |y| {
(y..=n).filter_map(move |z| {
if x.pow(2) + y.pow(2) == z.pow(2) {
Some([x, y, z])
} else {
None
}
})
})
})
}</syntaxhighlight>
* Using <code>flat_map</code> we can map and flatten an iterator.
* Use <code>filter_map</code> we can return an <code>Option</code> where <code>Some(value)</code> is returned or <code>None</code> isn't. Technically we could also use <code>flat_map</code> instead, because <code>Option</code> implements <code>IntoIterator</code>.
* Using the <code>impl Trait</code> syntax, we return the <code>Iterator</code> generically, because it's statically known.
* Using the <code>move</code> syntax on the closure, means the closure will take ownership of the values (copying them) which is what we wan't because the captured variables will be returned multiple times.
=== Comprehension Macro ===
Using the above and <code>macro_rules!</code> we can implement comprehension with a reasonably sized macro:
<syntaxhighlight lang="rust">macro_rules! comp {
($e:expr, for $x:pat in $xs:expr $(, if $c:expr)?) => {{
$xs.filter_map(move |$x| if $($c &&)? true { Some($e) } else { None })
}};
($e:expr, for $x:pat in $xs:expr $(, for $y:pat in $ys:expr)+ $(, if $c:expr)?) => {{
$xs.flat_map(move |$x| comp!($e, $(for $y in $ys),+ $(, if $c)?))
}};
}</syntaxhighlight>
The way to understand a Rust macro is it's a bit like regular expressions. The input matches a type of token, and expands it into the block, for example take the follow pattern:
<syntaxhighlight lang="rust">($e:expr, for $x:pat in $xs:expr $(, if $c:expr)?)</syntaxhighlight>
# matches an <code>expr</code> expression, defines it to <code>$e</code>
# matches the tokens <code>, for</code>
# matches a <code>pat</code> pattern, defines it to <code>$x</code>
# matches the tokens <code>in</code>
# matches an <code>expr</code> expression, defines it to <code>$xs</code>
# matches <code>$(..)?</code> optional group
## patches tokens <code>, if</code>
## matches an <code>expr</code> expression, defines it to <code>$c</code>
This makes the two following blocks equivalent:
<syntaxhighlight lang="rust">comp!(x, for x in 0..10, if x != 5)</syntaxhighlight>
<syntaxhighlight lang="rust">(0..10).filter_map(move |x| {
if x != 5 && true {
Some(x)
} else {
None
}
})</syntaxhighlight>
The most interesting part of <code>comp!</code> is that it's a recursive macro (it expands within itself), and that means it can handle any number of iterators as inputs.
=== Iterator Comprehension ===
The pythagorean function could as such be defined as the following:
<syntaxhighlight lang="rust">fn pyth(n: u32) -> impl Iterator<Item = [u32; 3]> {
comp!(
[x, y, z],
for x in 1..=n,
for y in x..=n,
for z in y..=n,
if x.pow(2) + y.pow(2) == z.pow(2)
)
}</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Scala}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="scala">def pythagoranTriangles(n: Int) = for {
x <- 1 to 21
y <- x to 21
z <- y to 21
if x * x + y * y == z * z
} yield (x, y, z)</syntaxhighlight>
which is a syntactic sugar for:
<syntaxhighlight lang="scala"> def pythagoranTriangles(n: Int) = (1 to n) flatMap (x =>
(x to n) flatMap (y =>
(y to n) filter (z => x * x + y * y == z * z) map (z =>
(x, y, z))))</syntaxhighlight>
Alas, the type of collection returned depends on the type of the collection
being comprehended. In the example above, we are comprehending a <code>Range</code>.
Since a <code>Range</code> of triangles doesn't make sense, it returns the
closest (supertype) collection for which it does, an <code>IndexedSeq</code>.
To get a <code>List</code> out of it, just pass a <code>List</code> to it:
<syntaxhighlight lang="scala">def pythagoranTriangles(n: Int) = for {
x <- List.range(1, n + 1)
y <- x to 21
z <- y to 21
if x * x + y * y == z * z
} yield (x, y, z)</syntaxhighlight>
Sample:
<pre>
scala> pythagoranTriangles(21)
res36: List[(Int, Int, Int)] = List((3,4,5), (5,12,13), (6,8,10), (8,15,17), (9,12,15), (12,16,20))
</pre>
=={{header|Scheme}}==
Scheme has no native list comprehensions, but SRFI-42 [http://srfi.schemers.org/srfi-42/srfi-42.html] provides them:
<syntaxhighlight lang="scheme">
(list-ec (:range x 1 21)
(:range y x 21)
(:range z y 21)
(if (= (* z z) (+ (* x x) (* y y))))
(list x y z))
</syntaxhighlight>
<pre>
((3 4 5) (5 12 13) (6 8 10) (8 15 17) (9 12 15) (12 16 20))
</pre>
=={{header|Sidef}}==
{{trans|Raku}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="ruby">var n = 20
say gather {
for x in (1 .. n) {
for y in (x .. n) {
for z in (y .. n) {
take([x,y,z]) if (x*x + y*y == z*z)
}
}
}
}</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
[[3, 4, 5], [5, 12, 13], [6, 8, 10], [8, 15, 17], [9, 12, 15], [12, 16, 20]]
</pre>
=={{header|Smalltalk}}==
{{works with|Pharo|1.3-13315}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="smalltalk">
| test |
test := [ :a :b :c | a*a+(b*b)=(c*c) ].
(1 to: 20)
combinations: 3 atATimeDo: [ :x |
(test valueWithArguments: x)
ifTrue: [ ':-)' logCr: x ] ].
"output on Transcript:
#(3 4 5)
#(5 12 13)
#(6 8 10)
#(8 15 17)
#(9 12 15)
#(12 16 20)"
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Stata}}==
Stata does no have list comprehensions, but the Mata matrix language helps simplify this task.
<syntaxhighlight lang="stata">function grid(n,p) {
return(colshape(J(1,p,1::n),1),J(n,1,1::p))
}
n = 20
a = grid(n,n)
a = a,sqrt(a[.,1]:^2+a[.,2]:^2)
a[selectindex(floor(a[.,3]):==a[.,3] :& a[.,3]:<=n),]</syntaxhighlight>
'''Output'''
<pre> 1 2 3
+----------------+
1 | 3 4 5 |
2 | 4 3 5 |
3 | 5 12 13 |
4 | 6 8 10 |
5 | 8 6 10 |
6 | 8 15 17 |
7 | 9 12 15 |
8 | 12 5 13 |
9 | 12 9 15 |
10 | 12 16 20 |
11 | 15 8 17 |
12 | 16 12 20 |
+----------------+</pre>
=={{header|SuperCollider}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="supercollider">
var pyth = { |n|
all {: [x,y,z],
x <- (1..n),
y <- (x..n),
z <- (y..n),
(x**2) + (y**2) == (z**2)
}
};
pyth.(20) // example call</syntaxhighlight>
returns
<syntaxhighlight lang="supercollider">[ [ 3, 4, 5 ], [ 5, 12, 13 ], [ 6, 8, 10 ], [ 8, 15, 17 ], [ 9, 12, 15 ], [ 12, 16, 20 ] ]</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Swift}}==
{{incorrect|Swift|They should be distinct from (nested) for loops and the use of map and filter functions within the syntax of the language.}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="swift">typealias F1 = (Int) -> [(Int, Int, Int)]
typealias F2 = (Int) -> Bool
func pythagoreanTriples(n: Int) -> [(Int, Int, Int)] {
(1...n).flatMap({x in
(x...n).flatMap({y in
(y...n).filter({z in
x * x + y * y == z * z
} as F2).map({ (x, y, $0) })
} as F1)
} as F1)
}
print(pythagoreanTriples(n: 20))</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>[(3, 4, 5), (5, 12, 13), (6, 8, 10), (8, 15, 17), (9, 12, 15), (12, 16, 20)]</pre>
=={{header|Tcl}}==
Tcl does not have list comprehensions built-in to the language, but they can be constructed.
<
# from http://wiki.tcl.tk/12574
Line 228 ⟶ 2,575:
set range {1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20}
puts [lcomp {$x $y $z} x $range y $range z $range {$x < $y && $x**2 + $y**2 == $z**2}]</
<pre>{3 4 5} {5 12 13} {6 8 10} {8 15 17} {9 12 15} {12 16 20}</pre>
Line 235 ⟶ 2,582:
TI-89 BASIC does not have a true list comprehension, but it has the seq() operator which can be used for some similar purposes.
produces {1, 4, 9, 16}. When the input is simply a numeric range, an input list is not needed; this produces the same result:
=={{header|Transd}}==
The language's construct for list comprehension closely follows the established set-builder notation:
<pre>
FOR x IN <SET>
WHERE predicate(x)
PROJECT f(x)
</pre>
The special form of 'for' construct performs list comprehension and returns a collection with selected elements.
In basic form, the returned vector is created and filled automatically:
<syntaxhighlight lang="Scheme">
(with v (for x in Range(10)
project (* x x))
(textout v))
</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
[0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]
</pre>
Basic form with 'WHERE' clause:
<syntaxhighlight lang="Scheme">
(with v (for x in Range(10)
where (mod x 2)
project Vector<ULong>([x,(* x x)]))
(textout v))
</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
[[1, 1], [3, 9], [5, 25], [7, 49], [9, 81]]
</pre>
In cases when more customized behaviour is required, there is an option to define
and fill the returned collection directly:
<syntaxhighlight lang="Scheme">
(with v (for x in Range(1 n) project<Vector<ULong>>
(for y in Range(x n) do
(for z in Range(y n)
where (== (* z z) (+ (* y y) (* x x)))
do (append @projRes Vector<ULong>([x,y,z])))))
(textout "Pythagorean triples:\n" v))
}</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
Pythagorean triples:
[[3, 4, 5], [5, 12, 13], [6, 8, 10], [9, 12, 15]]
</pre>
=={{header|Visual Basic .NET}}==
{{trans|C#}}
<syntaxhighlight lang="vbnet">Module ListComp
Sub Main()
Dim ts = From a In Enumerable.Range(1, 20) _
From b In Enumerable.Range(a, 21 - a) _
From c In Enumerable.Range(b, 21 - b) _
Where a * a + b * b = c * c _
Select New With { a, b, c }
For Each t In ts
System.Console.WriteLine("{0}, {1}, {2}", t.a, t.b, t.c)
Next
End Sub
End Module</syntaxhighlight>
Output:
<pre>
3, 4, 5
5, 12, 13
6, 8, 10
8, 15, 17
9, 12, 15
12, 16, 20
</pre>
=={{header|Visual Prolog}}==
VP7 has explicit list comprehension syntax.
<syntaxhighlight lang="visualprolog">
implement main
open core, std
domains
pythtrip = pt(integer, integer, integer).
class predicates
pythTrips : (integer) -> pythtrip nondeterm (i).
clauses
pythTrips(Limit) = pt(X,Y,Z) :-
X = fromTo(1,Limit),
Y = fromTo(X,Limit),
Z = fromTo(Y,Limit),
Z^2 = X^2 + Y^2.
run():-
console::init(),
Triples = [ X || X = pythTrips(20) ],
console::write(Triples),
Junk = console::readLine(),
succeed().
end implement main
goal
mainExe::run(main::run).
</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Wrapl}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="wrapl">ALL WITH x <- 1:to(n), y <- x:to(n), z <- y:to(n) DO (x^2 + y^2 = z^2) & [x, y, z];</syntaxhighlight>
=={{header|Wren}}==
Using a generator.
<syntaxhighlight lang="wren">var pythTriples = Fiber.new { |n|
(1..n-2).each { |x|
(x+1..n-1).each { |y|
(y+1..n).each { |z| (x*x + y*y == z*z) && Fiber.yield([x, y, z]) }
}
}
}
var n = 20
while (!pythTriples.isDone) {
var res = pythTriples.call(n)
res && System.print(res)
}</syntaxhighlight>
{{out}}
<pre>
[3, 4, 5]
[5, 12, 13]
[6, 8, 10]
[8, 15, 17]
[9, 12, 15]
[12, 16, 20]
</pre>
=={{header|zkl}}==
<syntaxhighlight lang="zkl">var n=20;
[[(x,y,z); [1..n]; {[x..n]}; {[y..n]},{ x*x + y*y == z*z }; _]]
//-->L(L(3,4,5),L(5,12,13),L(6,8,10),L(8,15,17),L(9,12,15),L(12,16,20))</syntaxhighlight>
Lazy:
<syntaxhighlight lang="zkl">var n=20;
lp:=[& (x,y,z); // three variables, [& means lazy/iterator
[1..n]; // x: a range
{[x..n]}; // y: another range, fcn(x) is implicit (via "{")
{[y..n]}, // z with a filter/guard, expands to fcn(x,y){[y..n]}
{ x*x + y*y == z*z }; // the filter, fcn(x,y,z)
{ T(x,y,z) } // the result, could also be written as fcn(x,y,z){ T(x,y,z) }
// or just T (read only list) as T(x,y,z) creates a new list
// with values x,y,z, or just _ (which means return arglist)
]];
lp.walk(2) //-->L(L(3,4,5),L(5,12,13))</syntaxhighlight>
{{omit from|Axe}}
{{omit from|Maxima}}
| |||