Category:C: Difference between revisions

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(→‎Versions: Updated info re C2x.)
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===Types===
===Types===
C has the following types built in by default, but you can create your own based on these using the <code>typedef</code> directive. This is not an exhaustive list.
C has the following types built in by default, but you can create your own based on these using the <code>typedef</code> directive. This is not an exhaustive list. Some of these names will have different meanings depending on the hardware you're programming for.
* <code>char</code>: an 8 bit value, typically used to represent ASCII characters.
* <code>char</code>: an 8 bit value, typically used to represent ASCII characters.
* <code>short</code>: a 16 bit value.
* <code>short</code>: a 16 bit value.
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* <code>struct</code>: a collection of several other values, stored consecutively in memory. Each can be a different type.
* <code>struct</code>: a collection of several other values, stored consecutively in memory. Each can be a different type.
* <code>union</code>: a variable that can hold several different types of data, but only one at a time.
* <code>union</code>: a variable that can hold several different types of data, but only one at a time.
* <code>float</code>: a floating-point decimal value.
* <code>float</code>: a single-precision (32-bit) floating-point decimal value.


You can also add a few modifiers in front of the variable type to be more specific:
You can also add a few modifiers in front of the variable type to be more specific:
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volatile int HorizontalScroll;</lang>
volatile int HorizontalScroll;</lang>


Functions work the same way. You can declare a function without defining what it does.
Functions are declared in a similar fashion to variables, except a function's "type" is the type of the value it returns.
<lang C>int foo(int bar);
<lang C>int foo(int bar);
// The function foo was declared. It takes an integer as an argument and returns an integer.
// The function foo was declared. It takes an integer as an argument and returns an integer.
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