Binary coded decimal: Difference between revisions
→{{header|Phix}}
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99*99 =9801
</pre>
=={{header|Phix}}==
=== using fbld and fbstp ===
The FPU maths is all as normal (decimal), it is only the load and store that convert from/to BCD.<br>
While I supply everything in decimal, you could easily return and pass around the likes of acc and res.
<!--<lang Phix>-->
<span style="color: #008080;">without</span> <span style="color: #008080;">javascript_semantics</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- (not a chance!)</span>
<span style="color: #7060A8;">requires</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #008000;">"1.0.2"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- #ilASM{fbld, fbstp} added</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #000000;">h</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">string</span> <span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- convert the 10 bytes BCD, as held in
-- a binary string, to a decimal string.</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">for</span> <span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">length</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #008080;">to</span> <span style="color: #000000;">1</span> <span style="color: #008080;">by</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">-</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span> <span style="color: #008080;">do</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">if</span> <span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">]!=</span><span style="color: #008000;">'\0'</span> <span style="color: #008080;">or</span> <span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span>
<span style="color: #004080;">string</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">sprintf</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #008000;">"%x"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">])</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">for</span> <span style="color: #000000;">j</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #000000;">i</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">-</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span> <span style="color: #008080;">to</span> <span style="color: #000000;">1</span> <span style="color: #008080;">by</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">-</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span> <span style="color: #008080;">do</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">res</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">&=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">sprintf</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #008000;">"%02x"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">s</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">[</span><span style="color: #000000;">j</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">])</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">for</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">if</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">for</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span> <span style="color: #000000;">test</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">a</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #000000;">b</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- Some (binary) strings to hold 10 byte BCDs:</span>
<span style="color: #004080;">string</span> <span style="color: #000000;">acc</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">repeat</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #008000;">'\0'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">10</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">),</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">res</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">repeat</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #008000;">'\0'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">10</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
#ilASM{
mov eax,[a]
mov edx,[b]
mov esi,[acc]
mov edi,[res]
push eax
fild dword[esp]
fbstp tbyte[ebx+esi*4] -- save as 10 byte BCD
fbld tbyte[ebx+esi*4] -- reload proves we can
mov [esp],edx
fild dword[esp]
faddp
fbstp tbyte[ebx+edi*4]
pop eax -- (discard temp workspace)
}
<span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">pm</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #008080;">iff</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">b</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">>=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #008000;">'+'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">:</span><span style="color: #008000;">'-'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #7060A8;">printf</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"%s %c %d = %s\n"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,{</span><span style="color: #000000;">h</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">acc</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">),</span><span style="color: #000000;">pm</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #7060A8;">abs</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">b</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">),</span><span style="color: #000000;">h</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">res</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)})</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">test</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">19</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,+</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">test</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">30</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,-</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">test</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">99</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,+</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<!--</lang>-->
{{out}}
<pre>
19 + 1 = 20
30 - 1 = 29
99 + 1 = 100
</pre>
=== using daa and das ===
This time we'll supply the arguments in hex/BCD.
Note the result is limited to 16 bits plus one carry bit here.
The aaa, aaas, aam, and aad instructions are also available.
Same output as above, of course
<!--<lang Phix>-->
<span style="color: #008080;">without</span> <span style="color: #008080;">javascript_semantics</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- (not a chance!)</span>
<span style="color: #7060A8;">requires</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #008000;">"1.0.2"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- #ilASM{aaa, etc} added</span>
<span style="color: #7060A8;">requires</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">32</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- aaa etc not valid on 64 bit</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span> <span style="color: #000000;">test2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">bcd</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #000000;">op</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span>
#ilASM{
mov eax,[bcd]
mov ecx, 1
mov edx,[op]
cmp [op],'+'
jne :sub1
add al,cl
daa
adc ah,0
jmp @f
::sub1
sub al,cl
das
@@:
mov[res],eax
}
<span style="color: #7060A8;">printf</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"%x %c 1 = %x\n"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,{</span><span style="color: #000000;">bcd</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">op</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">res</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">})</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">test2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">#19</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">'+'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">test2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">#30</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">'-'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">test2</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">#99</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">'+'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<!--</lang>-->
=== hll bit fiddling ===
With routines to convert between decimal and bcd, same output as above, of course.
No attempt has been made to support fractions or negative numbers...
<!--<lang Phix>(phixonline)-->
<span style="color: #008080;">with</span> <span style="color: #008080;">javascript_semantics</span> <span style="color: #000080;font-style:italic;">-- (no requires() needed here)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #000000;">bcd_decode</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">bcd</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #7060A8;">assert</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">bcd</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">>=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #000000;">dec</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">1</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">while</span> <span style="color: #000000;">bcd</span> <span style="color: #008080;">do</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">res</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">+=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">and_bits</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">bcd</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#F</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)*</span><span style="color: #000000;">dec</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">bcd</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">bcd</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">>></span> <span style="color: #000000;">4</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">dec</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">*=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">10</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">while</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">function</span> <span style="color: #000000;">bcd_encode</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">dec</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #7060A8;">assert</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">dec</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">>=</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #000000;">shift</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">0</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">while</span> <span style="color: #000000;">dec</span> <span style="color: #008080;">do</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">res</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">+=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">remainder</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">dec</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">10</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;"><<</span> <span style="color: #000000;">shift</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">dec</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #7060A8;">trunc</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">dec</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">/</span><span style="color: #000000;">10</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">shift</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">+=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">4</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">while</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">return</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">function</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span> <span style="color: #000000;">test3</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">dec</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #000000;">op</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">bcd</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">bcd_encode</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">dec</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">),</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">work</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">bcd</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span> <span style="color: #000000;">shift</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">0</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">carry</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">1</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">while</span> <span style="color: #000000;">work</span> <span style="color: #008080;">or</span> <span style="color: #000000;">carry</span> <span style="color: #008080;">do</span>
<span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">digit</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">work</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">&&</span> <span style="color: #000000;">#F</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">if</span> <span style="color: #000000;">op</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span><span style="color: #008000;">'+'</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">digit</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">+=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">carry</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">if</span> <span style="color: #000000;">digit</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">></span><span style="color: #000000;">9</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">digit</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">-=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">10</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">carry</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">1</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">else</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">carry</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">0</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">if</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">else</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">digit</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">-=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">carry</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">if</span> <span style="color: #000000;">digit</span><span style="color: #0000FF;"><</span><span style="color: #000000;">0</span> <span style="color: #008080;">then</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">digit</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">+=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">10</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">carry</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">1</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">else</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">carry</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">0</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">if</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">if</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">res</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">+=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">digit</span><span style="color: #0000FF;"><<</span><span style="color: #000000;">shift</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">work</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">work</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">>></span><span style="color: #000000;">4</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">shift</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">+=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">4</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">while</span>
<span style="color: #7060A8;">printf</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">1</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">"%d %c 1 = %d\n"</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,{</span><span style="color: #000000;">bcd_decode</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">bcd</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">),</span><span style="color: #000000;">op</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">bcd_decode</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">res</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)})</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">end</span> <span style="color: #008080;">procedure</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">test3</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">19</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">'+'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">test3</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">30</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">'-'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">test3</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">99</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #008000;">'+'</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<!--</lang>-->
=={{header|Wren}}==
| |||