Simple windowed application

Simple windowed application
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.

This task asks to create a window with a label that says "There have been no clicks yet" and a button that says "click me". Upon clicking the button with the mouse, the label should change and show the number of times the button has been clicked.

Ada

Library: GTK+ version GtkAda

Library: GtkAda

The following solution is based on bindings to GTK+. Ada as a language does not provide standard GUI. Apart from GtkAda, there exist numerous other GUI bindings and libraries: CLAW, AdaGLUT, GWindow, JEWL, win32ada, QtAda etc. <Ada> with Gdk.Event; use Gdk.Event; with Gtk.Button; use Gtk.Button; with Gtk.Label; use Gtk.Label; with Gtk.Window; use Gtk.Window; with Gtk.Widget; use Gtk.Widget; with Gtk.Table; use Gtk.Table;

with Gtk.Handlers; with Gtk.Main;

procedure Simple_Windowed_Application is

  Window : Gtk_Window;
  Grid   : Gtk_Table;
  Button : Gtk_Button;
  Label  : Gtk_Label;
  Count  : Natural := 0;

  package Handlers is new Gtk.Handlers.Callback (Gtk_Widget_Record);
  package Return_Handlers is
     new Gtk.Handlers.Return_Callback (Gtk_Widget_Record, Boolean);

  function Delete_Event (Widget : access Gtk_Widget_Record'Class)
     return Boolean is
  begin
     return False;
  end Delete_Event;

  procedure Destroy (Widget : access Gtk_Widget_Record'Class) is
  begin
    Gtk.Main.Main_Quit;
  end Destroy;

  procedure Clicked (Widget : access Gtk_Widget_Record'Class) is
  begin
    Count := Count + 1;
    Set_Text (Label, "The button clicks:" & Natural'Image (Count));
  end Clicked;

begin

  Gtk.Main.Init;
  Gtk.Window.Gtk_New (Window);
  Gtk_New (Grid, 1, 2, False);
  Add (Window, Grid);
  Gtk_New (Label, "There have been no clicks yet");
  Attach (Grid, Label, 0, 1, 0, 1);
  Gtk_New (Button, "Click me");
  Attach (Grid, Button, 0, 1, 1, 2);
  Return_Handlers.Connect
  (  Window,
     "delete_event",
     Return_Handlers.To_Marshaller (Delete_Event'Access)
  );
  Handlers.Connect
  (  Window,
     "destroy",
     Handlers.To_Marshaller (Destroy'Access)
  );
  Handlers.Connect
  (  Button,
     "clicked",
     Handlers.To_Marshaller (Clicked'Access)
  );
  Show_All (Grid);
  Show (Window);

  Gtk.Main.Main;

end Simple_Windowed_Application; </Ada>

D

Works with: D version 1

Library: DFL

<d>module winapp ; import dfl.all ; import std.string ;

class MainForm: Form {

 Label label ;
 Button button ;
 this() {
   width = 240 ;
   with(label = new Label) {
     text = "There have been no clicks yet" ;
     dock = DockStyle.TOP ;
     parent = this ;     
   }
   with(button = new Button) {
     dock = DockStyle.BOTTOM ;
     text = "Click Me" ;
     parent = this ;
     click ~= &onClickButton ;
   }
   height = label.height + button.height + 36 ;
 }
 private void onClickButton(Object sender, EventArgs ea) {
   static int count = 0 ;
   label.text = "You had been clicked me " ~ std.string.toString(++count) ~ " times." ;
 }

}

void main() {

   Application.run(new MainForm);  

}</d>

Delphi

Works with: Delphi version 5.0

Creating a "basic windowed application" in Delphi is quite simple. Start up the IDE and the default application is a single windowed app. This will have two files, the main project file "project1" and a unit file, "unit1". What I a going to do here is going to be somewhat different. I will do it all dynamically from the main "program file". Create this in any text editor and you can then either open it in the IDE to build it, or invoke the command line compiler. There is quite a bit going on behind the scenes with the VCL and the RTL.

Filename = SingleWinApp.dpr

NOTE: The project name here must match the name of the file.

<delphi> -- begin file --

  Program SingleWinApp ;

  // This is the equivalent of the C #include
  Uses Forms, Windows, Messages, Classes, Graphics, Controls, StdCtrls ;

  type
    
    // The only reason for this declaration is to allow the connection of the
    // on click method to the forms button object. This class declaration adds
    // a procedure.

    TMainForm class(tform) 
      Procedure AddClicks(sender : tObject);
    end;

  // Use these globals.  
  var
 
    MainForm : tForm ;
    aLabel   : tLabel ;
    aButton  : tButton ;
    i        : integer = 0 ;

   // This is the Method call that we connect to the button object
   // to start counting the clicks.
   Procedure tMainForm.AddClicks(sender :tObject)
   begin
     inc(i);
     aLabel.Caption := IntToStr(i) + ' Clicks since startup' ;
   end;

   Begin
     // Do all the behind the scenes stuff that sets up the Windows environment 
     Application.Initialize ;

     // Create the form
     
     // Forms can either be created with an owner, like I have done here, or with
     // the owner set to Nil. In pascal (all versions of Borland) NIL is a
     // reserved, (the equivalent of NULL in Ansi C) word and un-sets any pointer 
     // variable. Setting the owner to the application object will ensure that the form is
     // freed by the application object when the application shuts down. If I had set
     // the owner to NIL then i would have had to make sure I freed the form explicitly
     // or it would have been orphaned, thus creating a memory leak.

     // I must direct your attention to the CreateNew constructor.  This is 
     // a non standard usage.  Normally the constructor Create() will call this
     // as part of the initialization routine for the form. Normally as you drop
     // various components on a form in deign mode, a DFM file is created with 
     // all the various initial states of the controls. This bypasses the 
     // DFM file altogether although all components AND the form are created
     // with default values. (see the Delphi help file).

     MainForm          := tMainForm.CreateNew(Application);
     MainForm.Parent   := Application ;
     MainForm.Position := poScreenCenter ;
     MainForm.Caption  := 'Single Window Application' ;

     // Create the Label, set its owner as MaiaForm
     aLabel          := tLabel.Create(mainForm);
     aLabel.Parent   := MainForm;
     aLabel.Caption  := IntToStr(i) + ' Clicks since startup' ;
     aLabel.Left     := 20 ;
     aLabel.Top      := MainForm.ClientRect.Bottom div 2 ;

     // Create the button, set its owner to MainForm
     aButton         := tButton.Create(MainForm);
     aButton.Parent  := MainForm ;
     aButton.Caption := 'Click Me!';
     aButton.Left    := (MainForm.ClientRect.Right div 2)-(aButton.Width div 2 );
     aButton.Top     := MainForm.ClientRect.Bottom - aButton.Height - 10 ;
     aButton.OnClick := AddClicks ;

     // Show the main form, Modaly. The ONLY reason to do this is because in this
     // demonstration if you only call the SHOW method, the form will appear and
     // disappear in a split second.
     MainForm.ShowModal ;
     
     Application.Run ;

  end. // Program 

</delphi>

E

Library: Swing

Works with: E-on-Java

when (currentVat.morphInto("awt")) -> {
    var clicks := 0
    def w := <swing:makeJFrame>("Rosetta Code 'Simple Windowed Application'")
    w.setContentPane(JPanel`
        ${def l := <swing:makeJLabel>("There have been no clicks yet.")} $\
            ${def b := <swing:makeJButton>("Click Me")}
    `)
    b.addActionListener(def _ {
        to actionPerformed(_) { 
            clicks += 1
            l.setText(`Number of clicks: $clicks`)
        }
    })
    w.pack()
    w.show()
}

Forth

Works with: bigFORTH

Library: MINOS

also minos
text-label ptr click-label
Variable click#  click# off
: click-win ( -- ) screen self window new window with
    X" There have been no clicks yet" text-label new
      dup F bind click-label
    ^ S[ 1 click# +!
         click# @ 0 <# #S s" Number of clicks: " holds #>
         click-label assign ]S X" Click me" button new
    &2 vabox new panel s" Clicks" assign show endwith ;
click-win

The same with Theseus

Library: Theseus

#! xbigforth
\ automatic generated code
\ do not edit

also editor also minos also forth

component class ccount
public:
  early widget
  early open
  early dialog
  early open-app
  text-label ptr click#
 ( [varstart] ) cell var clicks ( [varend] )
how:
  : open     new DF[ 0 ]DF s" Click counter" open-component ;
  : dialog   new DF[ 0 ]DF s" Click counter" open-dialog ;
  : open-app new DF[ 0 ]DF s" Click counter" open-application ;
class;

ccount implements
 ( [methodstart] )  ( [methodend] )
  : widget  ( [dumpstart] )
        X" There have been no clicks yet" text-label new  ^^bind click#
        ^^ S[ 1 clicks +!
clicks @ 0 <# #S s" Number of clicks: " holds #> click# assign ]S ( MINOS ) X" Click me"  button new
      &2 vabox new panel
    ( [dumpend] ) ;
  : init  ^>^^  assign  widget 1 :: init ;
class;

: main
  ccount open-app
  $1 0 ?DO  stop  LOOP bye ;
script? [IF]  main  [THEN]
previous previous previous

Groovy

import groovy.swing.SwingBuilder
def countLabel, count = 0, swing = new SwingBuilder()
def frame = swing.frame(title:'Click frame') {
    flowLayout()  
    countLabel = label(text:"There have been no clicks yet." )
    button(text:'Click Me', actionPerformed: {count++; countLabel.text = "Clicked ${count} time(s)."})
}
frame.pack()
frame.show()

IDL

pro counter, ev
  widget_control, ev.top, get_uvalue=tst
  tst[1] = tst[1]+1
  widget_control, tst[0], set_value="Number of clicks: "+string(tst[1],format='(i0)')
  widget_control, ev.top, set_uvalue=tst
end
 
id = widget_base(title = 'Window Title',column=1)
ld = widget_label(id, value = 'There have been no clicks yet.')
widget_control, /realize, id, set_uvalue=[ld,0]
dummy = widget_button(id,value=' Click Me ',event_pro='counter')
xmanager, "Simple", Id
 
end

J

SIMPLEAPP=: 0 : 0
pc simpleApp;
xywh 136 8 44 12;cc inc button;cn "Click me";
xywh 136 23 44 12;cc cancel button;cn "Cancel";
xywh 7 10 115 11;cc shownText static;cn "There have been no clicks yet.";
pas 6 6;pcenter;
rem form end;
)

simpleApp_run=: 3 : 0
wd SIMPLEAPP
simpleApp_accum=: 0   NB. initialize accumulator
wd 'pshow;'
)

simpleApp_close=: 3 : 0
wd'pclose'
)

simpleApp_cancel_button=: 3 : 0
simpleApp_close''
)

simpleApp_inc_button=: 3 : 0
wd 'set shownText *','Button-use count:  ',": simpleApp_accum=: >: simpleApp_accum
)

simpleApp_run''

Java

Library: AWT

Library: Swing

<java>import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JLabel; public class Clicks extends JFrame implements ActionListener{ private long clicks = 0; private JLabel label; private JButton clicker; private String text;

public Clicks(){ text = "There have been no clicks yet"; label = new JLabel(text); clicker = new JButton("click me"); clicker.addActionListener(this);//listen to the button setLayout(new BorderLayout());//handles placement of components add(label,BorderLayout.CENTER);//add the label to the biggest section add(clicker,BorderLayout.SOUTH);//put the button underneath it setSize(300,200);//stretch out the window setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);//stop the program on "X" setVisible(true);//show it } public static void main(String[] args){ new Clicks();//call the constructor where all the magic happens } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) { if(arg0.getSource() == clicker){//if they clicked the button text = "There have been " + (++clicks) + " clicks"; label.setText(text);//change the text }

} }</java>

MAXScript

rollout buttonClick "Button Click"
(
    label l "There have been no clicks yet"
    button clickMe "Click me"
    local clickCount = 0

    on clickMe pressed do
    (
        clickCount += 1
        l.text = ("Number of clicks: " + clickCount as string)
    )
)
createDialog buttonClick

Perl

Library: Tk

<perl> use Tk;

$main = MainWindow->new;
$l = $main->Label('-text' => 'There have been no clicks yet.')->pack;
$count = 0;
$main->Button(
  -text => ' Click Me ',
  -command => sub { $l->configure(-text => 'Number of clicks: '.(++$count).'.'); },
)->pack;
MainLoop();</perl>

Library: GTK

<perl> use Gtk '-init';

# Window.
$window = Gtk::Window->new;
$window->signal_connect('destroy' => sub { Gtk->main_quit; });

# VBox.
$vbox = Gtk::VBox->new(0, 0);
$window->add($vbox);

# Label.
$label = Gtk::Label->new('There have been no clicks yet.');
$vbox->add($label);

# Button.
$count = 0;
$button = Gtk::Button->new(' Click Me ');
$vbox->add($button);
$button->signal_connect('clicked', sub {
  $label->set_text(++$count);
});

# Show.
$window->show_all;

# Main loop.
Gtk->main;</perl>

Python

Library: Tkinter

<python>from Tkinter import Tk, Label, Button

def update_label():

   global n
   n += 1
   l["text"] = "Number of clicks: %d" % n

w = Tk() n = 0 l = Label(w, text="There have been no clicks yet") l.pack() Button(w, text="click me", command=update_label).pack() w.mainloop()</python>

The same in OO manner

<python>#!/usr/bin/env python from Tkinter import Button, Frame, Label, Pack

class ClickCounter(Frame):

   def click(self):
       self.count += 1
       self.label['text'] = 'Number of clicks: %d' % self.count
       
   def createWidgets(self):
       self.label = Label(self, text='here have been no clicks yet')
       self.label.pack()
       self.button = Button(self, text='click me', command=self.click)
       self.button.pack()
       
   def __init__(self, master=None):
       Frame.__init__(self, master)
       Pack.config(self)
       self.createWidgets()
       self.count = 0
               

if __name__=="__main__":

   ClickCounter().mainloop()</python>

Library: PyQt

<python>import sys from qt import *

def update_label():

   global i
   i += 1
   lbl.setText("Number of clicks: %i" % i)

i = 0 app = QApplication(sys.argv) win = QWidget() win.resize(200, 100) lbl = QLabel("There have been no clicks yet", win) lbl.setGeometry(0, 15, 200, 25) btn = QPushButton("click me", win) btn.setGeometry(50, 50, 100, 25) btn.connect(btn, SIGNAL("clicked()"), update_label) win.show() app.connect(app, SIGNAL("lastWindowClosed()"), app, SLOT("quit()")) app.exec_loop()</python>

Tcl

Library: Tk

pack [label .l -text "There have been no clicks yet."]
set count 0
pack [button .b -text " Click Me " -command upd]
proc upd {} {.l configure -text "Number of clicks: [incr ::count]."}