Kronecker product
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
| This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Kronecker product. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance) |
- Task
Implement the Kronecker product of two matrices (arbitrary sized) resulting in a block matrix.
- Test cases
Show results for each of the following 2 samples:
Sample 1 (from Wikipedia):
|1 2| x |0 5| = | 0 5 0 10| |3 4| |6 7| | 6 7 12 14| | 0 15 0 20| |18 21 24 28|
Sample 2:
|0 1 0| x |1 1 1 1| = |0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0|
|1 1 1| |1 0 0 1| |0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0|
|0 1 0| |1 1 1 1| |0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0|
|1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1|
|1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1|
|1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1|
|0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0|
|0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0|
|0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0|
See implementations and results below in JavaScript and PARI/GP languages.
JavaScript
Version #1.
<lang javascript>
// matkronprod.js
// Prime function:
// mkp arrow function: Return the Kronecker product of the a and b matrices.
// Note: both a and b must be matrices, i.e., 2D rectangular arrays.
mkp=(a,b)=>a.map(a=>b.map(b=>a.map(y=>b.map(x=>r.push(y*x)),t.push(r=[]))),t=[])&&t;
// Helper functions:
// Log title and matrix mat to console
function matl2cons(title,mat) {console.log(title); console.log(mat.join`\n`)}
// Print title to document
function pttl2doc(title) {document.write(''+title+'
')}
// Print title and matrix mat to document
function matp2doc(title,mat) {
document.write(''+title+':
');
for (var i = 0; i < mat.length; i++) {
document.write(' '+mat[i].join(' ')+'
');
}
} </lang>
- Required tests
<lang html> <html><head>
<title>Kronecker product: Sample 1 (from Wikipedia) and Sample 2</title>
<script src="matkronprod.js"></script>
<script>
var mr,ttl='Kronecker product of A and B matrices';
[ {a:[[1,2],[3,4]],b:[[0,5],[6,7]] },
{a:[[0,1,0],[1,1,1],[0,1,0]],b:[[1,1,1,1],[1,0,0,1],[1,1,1,1]] }
].forEach(m=>{
console.log(ttl); pttl2doc(ttl);
matl2cons('A',m.a); matp2doc('A',m.a);
matl2cons('B',m.b); matp2doc('B',m.b);
mr=mkp(m.a,m.b);
matl2cons('A x B',mr); matp2doc('A x B',mr);
})
</script>
</head><body></body> </html> </lang>
- Output:
Console and page results
Kronecker product of A and B matrices A 1,2 3,4 B 0,5 6,7 A x B 0,5,0,10 6,7,12,14 0,15,0,20 18,21,24,28 Kronecker product of A and B matrices A 0,1,0 1,1,1 0,1,0 B 1,1,1,1 1,0,0,1 1,1,1,1 A x B 0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0 0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0 0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0 0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0 0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0
Version #2.
This version is more understandable for sure.
<lang javascript> // matkronprod2.js // Prime function: // mkp2(): Return the Kronecker product of the a and b matrices // Note: both a and b must be matrices, i.e., 2D rectangular arrays. function mkp2(a,b) {
var m=a.length, n=a[0].length, p=b.length, q=b[0].length;
var rtn=m*p, ctn=n*q; var r=new Array(rtn);
for (var i=0; i<rtn; i++) {r[i]=new Array(ctn)
for (var j=0;j<ctn;j++) {r[i][j]=0}
}
for (var i=0; i<m; i++) {
for (var j=0; j<n; j++) {
for (var k=0; k<p; k++) {
for (var l=0; l<q; l++) {
r[p*i+k][q*j+l]=a[i][j]*b[k][l];
}}}}//all4forend
return(r);
}
// Helper functions:
// Log title and matrix mat to console
function matl2cons(title,mat) {console.log(title); console.log(mat.join`\n`)}
// Print title to document
function pttl2doc(title) {document.write(''+title+'
')}
// Print title and matrix mat to document
function matp2doc(title,mat) {
document.write(''+title+':
');
for (var i=0; i < mat.length; i++) {
document.write(' '+mat[i].join(' ')+'
');
}
} </lang>
- Required tests
<lang html> <html><head>
<title>Kronecker product v.2: Sample 1 (from Wikipedia) and Sample 2</title>
<script src="matkronprod2.js"></script>
<script>
var mr,ttl='Kronecker product of A and B matrices';
[ {a:[[1,2],[3,4]],b:[[0,5],[6,7]] },
{a:[[0,1,0],[1,1,1],[0,1,0]],b:[[1,1,1,1],[1,0,0,1],[1,1,1,1]] }
].forEach(m=>{
console.log(ttl); pttl2doc(ttl);
matl2cons('A',m.a); matp2doc('A',m.a);
matl2cons('B',m.b); matp2doc('B',m.b);
mr=mkp2(m.a,m.b);
matl2cons('A x B',mr); matp2doc('A x B',mr);
})
</script>
</head><body></body> </html> </lang>
- Output:
Console and page results
Output is identical to Version #1 above.
PARI/GP
<lang parigp> \\ Print title and matrix mat rows. 4/17/16 aev matprows(title,mat)={print(title); for(i=1,#mat[,1], print(mat[i,]))} \\ \\ Create and return the Kronecker product of the a and b matrices. 4/17/16 aev matkronprod(a,b,pflg=0)={ my(m=#a[,1],n=#a[1,],p=#b[,1],q=#b[1,],r,rtn,ctn); rtn=m*p; ctn=n*q; if(pflg,print(" *** Kronecker product - a: ",m," x ",n," b: ",p," x ",q," result r: ",rtn," x ",ctn)); r=matrix(rtn,ctn); for(i=1,m, for(j=1,n, for(k=1,p, for(l=1,q,
r[p*(i-1)+k,q*(j-1)+l]=a[i,j]*b[k,l];
))));\\all4fend if(pflg,print(r)); return(r); } {\\ Requireq tests: my(a,b,r); \\ Sample 1 a=[1,2;3,4]; b=[0,5;6,7]; r=matkronprod(a,b); matprows("Sample 1 result:",r); \\ Sample 2 a=[0,1,0;1,1,1;0,1,0]; b=[1,1,1,1;1,0,0,1;1,1,1,1]; r=matkronprod(a,b); matprows("Sample 2 result:",r); } </lang>
- Output:
Sample 1 result: [0, 5, 0, 10] [6, 7, 12, 14] [0, 15, 0, 20] [18, 21, 24, 28] Sample 2 result: [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0] [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0] [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0] [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1] [1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1] [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1] [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0] [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0] [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0]