ISBN13 check digit

From Rosetta Code
ISBN13 check digit is a draft programming task. It is not yet considered ready to be promoted as a complete task, for reasons that should be found in its talk page.
Task

Validate the check digit of an ISBN-13 code. Multiply every other digit by 3. Add the digits together. Take the remainder of division by 10. If it is 0, the ISBN-13 check digit is correct.

Use the following codes for testing: 

978-1734314502: good
978-1734314509: bad
978-1788399081: good
978-1788399083: bad

Show output here, on this page

See also

See https://isbn-information.com/the-13-digit-isbn.html for details on the method of validation.

AWK

<lang AWK>

  1. syntax: GAWK -f ISBN13_CHECK_DIGIT.AWK

BEGIN { 

   arr[++n] = "978-1734314502"
   arr[++n] = "978-1734314509"
   arr[++n] = "978-1788399081"
   arr[++n] = "978-1788399083"
   arr[++n] = "9780820424521"
   arr[++n] = "0820424528"
   for (i=1; i<=n; i++) {
     printf("%s %s\n",arr[i],isbn13(arr[i]))
   }
   exit(0)

} function isbn13(isbn, check_digit,i,sum) { 

   gsub(/[ -]/,"",isbn)
   if (length(isbn) != 13) { return("NG length") }
   for (i=1; i<=12; i++) {
     sum += substr(isbn,i,1) * (i % 2 == 1 ? 1 : 3)
   }
   check_digit = 10 - (sum % 10)
   return(substr(isbn,13,1) == check_digit ? "OK" : sprintf("NG check digit S/B %d",check_digit))

} </lang>

Output:
978-1734314502 OK
978-1734314509 NG check digit S/B 2
978-1788399081 OK
978-1788399083 NG check digit S/B 1
9780820424521 OK
0820424528 NG length

C

<lang c>#include <stdio.h>

int check_isbn13(const char *isbn) { 

   int ch = *isbn, count = 0, sum = 0;
   /* check isbn contains 13 digits and calculate weighted sum */
   for ( ; ch != 0; ch = *++isbn, ++count) {
       /* skip hyphens or spaces */
       if (ch == ' ' || ch == '-') {
           --count;
           continue;
       }
       if (ch < '0' || ch > '9') {
           return 0;
       }
       if (count & 1) {
           sum += 3 * (ch - '0');
       } else {
           sum += ch - '0';
       }
   }
   if (count != 13) return 0;
   return !(sum%10);

}

int main() { 

   int i;
   const char* isbns[] = {"978-1734314502", "978-1734314509", "978-1788399081", "978-1788399083"};
   for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
       printf("%s: %s\n", isbns[i], check_isbn13(isbns[i]) ? "good" : "bad");
   }
   return 0;

}</lang>

Output:
978-1734314502: good
978-1734314509: bad
978-1788399081: good
978-1788399083: bad

Factor

<lang factor>USING: combinators.short-circuit formatting kernel math math.parser math.vectors qw sequences sequences.extras sets unicode ;

(isbn13?) ( str -- ? )
   string>digits
   [ <evens> sum ] [ <odds> 3 v*n sum + ] bi 10 mod zero? ;
isbn13? ( str -- ? )
   "- " without
   { [ length 13 = ] [ [ digit? ] all? ] [ (isbn13?) ] } 1&& ;

qw{ 978-1734314502 978-1734314509 978-1788399081 978-1788399083 } [ dup isbn13? "good" "bad" ? "%s: %s\n" printf ] each</lang>

Output:
978-1734314502: good
978-1734314509: bad
978-1788399081: good
978-1788399083: bad

Go

<lang go>package main

import ( 

   "fmt"
   "strings"
   "unicode/utf8"

)

func checkIsbn13(isbn string) bool { 

   // remove any hyphens or spaces
   isbn = strings.ReplaceAll(strings.ReplaceAll(isbn, "-", ""), " ", "")
   // check length == 13
   le := utf8.RuneCountInString(isbn)
   if le != 13 {
       return false
   }
   // check only contains digits and calculate weighted sum
   sum := int32(0)
   for i, c := range isbn {
       if c < '0' || c > '9' {
           return false
       }
       if i%2 == 0 {
           sum += c - '0'
       } else {
           sum += 3 * (c - '0')
       }
   }
   return sum%10 == 0

}

func main() { 

   isbns := []string{"978-1734314502", "978-1734314509", "978-1788399081", "978-1788399083"}
   for _, isbn := range isbns {
       res := "bad"
       if checkIsbn13(isbn) {
           res = "good"
       }
       fmt.Printf("%s: %s\n", isbn, res)
   }

}</lang>

Output:
978-1734314502: good
978-1734314509: bad
978-1788399081: good
978-1788399083: bad

Julia

<lang julia>function isbncheck(str) 

   return sum(iseven(i) ? 3 * parse(Int, ch) : parse(Int, ch) 
       for (i, ch) in enumerate(replace(str, r"\D" => ""))) % 10 == 0

end

const testingcodes = ["978-1734314502", "978-1734314509", 

                     "978-1788399081", "978-1788399083"]

for code in testingcodes 

   println(code, ": ", isbncheck(code) ? "good" : "bad")

end

</lang>

Output:
978-1734314502: good
978-1734314509: bad
978-1788399081: good
978-1788399083: bad

langur

Works with: langur version 0.8.11

In this example, we map to multiple functions (actually 1 no-op). <lang langur>val .isbn13checkdigit = f(var .s) { 

   .s = replace(.s, RE/[\- ]/)
   matching(re/^[0-9]{13}$/, .s) and
       fold(f{+}, map [_, f{x 3}], s2n .s) div 10

}

val .tests = h{ 

   "978-1734314502": true,
   "978-1734314509": false,
   "978-1788399081": true,
   "978-1788399083": false,

}

for .key of .tests { 

   val .pass = .isbn13checkdigit(.key)
   write .key, ": ", if(.pass: "good"; "bad")
   writeln if(.pass == .tests[.key]: ""; " (ISBN-13 CHECK DIGIT TEST FAILED)")

}</lang>

Works with: langur version 0.9.0

In this example, we set a for loop value as it progresses. <lang langur>val .isbn13checkdigit = f(var .s) { 

   .s = replace(.s, RE/[\- ]/)
   var .alt = true
   matching(re/^[0-9]{13}$/, .s) and
       for[=0] .d in s2n(.s) { _for += if(not= .alt: .d x 3; .d) } div 10

}

val .tests = h{ 

   "978-1734314502": true,
   "978-1734314509": false,
   "978-1788399081": true,
   "978-1788399083": false,

}

for .key of .tests { 

   val .pass = .isbn13checkdigit(.key)
   write .key, ": ", if(.pass: "good"; "bad")
   writeln if(.pass == .tests[.key]: ""; " (ISBN-13 CHECK DIGIT TEST FAILED)")

}</lang>

Output:
978-1734314502: good
978-1734314509: bad
978-1788399081: good
978-1788399083: bad

Nanoquery

Translation of: Go

<lang nanoquery>def checkIsbn13(isbn) 

       // remove any hyphens or spaces
       isbn = str(isbn).replace("-","").replace(" ","")

       // check length = 13
       if len(isbn) != 13
               return false
       end

       // check only contains digits and calculate weighted sum
       sum = 0
       for i in range(0, len(isbn) - 1)
               c = isbn[i]
               if (ord(c) < ord("0")) or (ord(c) > ord("9"))
                       return false
               end

               if (i % 2) = 0
                       sum += ord(c) - ord("0")
               else
                       sum += 3 * (ord(c) - ord("0"))
               end
       end

       return (sum % 10) = 0

end

isbns = {"978-1734314502", "978-1734314509", "978-1788399081", "978-1788399083"} for isbn in isbns 

       res = "bad"
       if checkIsbn13(isbn)
               res = "good"
       end

       print format("%s: %s\n", isbn, res)

end</lang>

Output:
978-1734314502: good
978-1734314509: bad
978-1788399081: good
978-1788399083: bad

Perl

<lang perl>use strict; use warnings; use feature 'say';

sub check_digit { 

   my($isbn) = @_; my($sum);
   $sum += (1,3)[$_%2] * (split , join , split /\D/, $isbn)[$_] for 0..11;
   (10 - $sum % 10) % 10;

}

for (<978-1734314502 978-1734314509 978-1788399081 978-1788399083 978-2-74839-908-0 978-2-74839-908-5>) { 

   my($isbn,$check) = /(.*)(.)/;
   my $check_d = check_digit($isbn);
   say "$_ : " . ($check == $check_d ? 'Good' : "Bad check-digit $check; should be $check_d")

}</lang>

Output:
978-1734314502 : Good
978-1734314509 : Bad check-digit 9; should be 2
978-1788399081 : Good
978-1788399083 : Bad check-digit 3; should be 1
978-2-74839-908-0 : Good
978-2-74839-908-5 : Bad check-digit 5; should be 0

Phix

<lang Phix>procedure check_isbn13(string isbn) 

   integer digits = 0, checksum = 0, w = 1
   for i=1 to length(isbn) do
       integer ch = isbn[i]
       if ch!=' ' and ch!='-' then
           ch -= '0'
           if ch<0 or ch>9 then checksum = 9 exit end if
           checksum += ch*w
           digits += 1
           w = 4-w
       end if
   end for
   checksum = remainder(checksum,10)
   string gb = iff(digits=13 and checksum=0 ? "good" : "bad")
   printf(1,"%s: %s\n",{isbn,gb})

end procedure

constant isbns = {"978-1734314502", "978-1734314509", "978-1788399081", "978-1788399083", 

                 "978-2-74839-908-0","978-2-74839-908-5","978 1 86197 876 9"}

for i=1 to length(isbns) do check_isbn13(isbns[i]) end for</lang>

Output:
978-1734314502: good
978-1734314509: bad
978-1788399081: good
978-1788399083: bad
978-2-74839-908-0: good
978-2-74839-908-5: bad
978 1 86197 876 9: good

PicoLisp

<lang PicoLisp>(de isbn13? (S) 

  (let L
     (make
        (for N (chop S)
           (and (format N) (link @)) ) )
     (and
        (= 13 (length L))
        (=0 (% (sum * L (circ 1 3)) 10)) ) ) )

(mapc 

  '((A)
     (tab
        (-19 1)
        A
        (if (isbn13? A) 'ok 'fail) ) )
  (quote
     "978-1734314502"
     "978-1734314509"
     "978-1-86197-876-9"
     "978-2-74839-908-5"
     "978 1 86197 876 9" ) )</lang>
Output:
978-1734314502     ok
978-1734314509     fail
978-1-86197-876-9  ok
978-2-74839-908-5  fail
978 1 86197 876 9  ok

Python

<lang python>def is_isbn13(n): 

   n = n.replace('-',).replace(' ', )
   if len(n) != 13:
       return False
   product = (sum(int(ch) for ch in n[::2]) 
              + sum(int(ch) * 3 for ch in n[1::2]))
   return product % 10 == 0

if __name__ == '__main__': 

   tests =

978-1734314502 978-1734314509 978-1788399081 978-1788399083.strip().split() 

   for t in tests:
       print(f"ISBN13 {t} validates {is_isbn13(t)}")</lang>
Output:
ISBN13 978-1734314502 validates True
ISBN13 978-1734314509 validates False
ISBN13 978-1788399081 validates True
ISBN13 978-1788399083 validates False

Raku

(formerly Perl 6)

Works with: Rakudo version 2019.11

Also test a value that has a zero check digit.

<lang perl6>sub check-digit ($isbn) { 

    (10 - (sum (|$isbn.comb(/<[0..9]>/)) »*» (1,3)) % 10).substr: *-1

}

{ 

   my $check = .substr(*-1);
   my $check-digit = check-digit .chop;
   say "$_ : ", $check == $check-digit ??
       'Good' !!
       "Bad check-digit $check; should be $check-digit"

} for words < 

   978-1734314502
   978-1734314509
   978-1788399081
   978-1788399083
   978-2-74839-908-0
   978-2-74839-908-5

>;</lang>

Output:
978-1734314502 : Good
978-1734314509 : Bad check-digit 9; should be 2
978-1788399081 : Good
978-1788399083 : Bad check-digit 3; should be 1
978-2-74839-908-0 : Good
978-2-74839-908-5 : Bad check-digit 5; should be 0

REXX

A couple of additional checks were made to verify a correct length,   and also that the ISBN-13 code is all numerics   (with optional minus signs). <lang rexx>/*REXX pgm validates the check digit of an ISBN─13 code (it may have embedded minuses).*/ parse arg $ /*obtain optional arguments from the CL*/ if $= | if $="," then $= '978-1734314502 978-1734314509 978-1788399081 978-1788399083' @ISBN= "ISBN─13 code isn't" /*a literal used when displaying msgs. */ 

                                                /* [↓]  remove all minuses from X code.*/
 do j=1  for words($);  y= word($,j)            /*obtain an ISBN─13 code from  $  list.*/
 x= space( translate(y, , '-'),  0)             /*remove all minus signs from the code.*/
 L= length(x)                                   /*obtain the length of the ISBN-13 code*/
 if L \== 13                   then do;  say @ISBN  '13 characters: '  x;  exit 13;   end
 if verify(x, 9876543210)\==0  then do;  say @ISBN  'numeric: '        x;  exit 10;   end
 sum= 0
         do k=1  for L;   #= substr(x, k, 1)    /*get a decimal digit from the X code. */
         if \(k//2)  then #= # * 3              /*multiply every other digit by three. */
         sum= sum + #                           /*add the digit (or product) to the SUM*/
         end   /*k*/

 if right(sum, 1)==0  then say '     ISBN-13 code '      x      "    is valid."
                      else say '     ISBN-13 code '      x      " isn't valid."
 end   /*j*/                                    /*stick a fork in it,  we're all done. */</lang>
output   when using the four default inputs:
     ISBN-13 code  9781734314502     is valid.
     ISBN-13 code  9781734314509  isn't valid.
     ISBN-13 code  9781788399081     is valid.
     ISBN-13 code  9781788399083  isn't valid.

Swift

<lang swift>func checkISBN(isbn: String) -> Bool { 

 guard !isbn.isEmpty else {
   return false
 }

 let sum = isbn
   .compactMap({ $0.wholeNumberValue })
   .enumerated()
   .map({ $0.offset & 1 == 1 ? 3 * $0.element : $0.element })
   .reduce(0, +)

 return sum % 10 == 0

}

let cases = [ 

 "978-1734314502",
 "978-1734314509",
 "978-1788399081",
 "978-1788399083"

]

for isbn in cases { 

 print("\(isbn) => \(checkISBN(isbn: isbn) ? "good" : "bad")")

}</lang>


Output:
978-1734314502 => good
978-1734314509 => bad
978-1788399081 => good
978-1788399083 => bad

XPL0

<lang XPL0>include xpllib; \contains StrLen function

proc ISBN13(Str); \Show if International Standard Book Number is good char Str; int Sum, Cnt, Dig, I; [Sum:= 0; Cnt:= 0; for I:= 0 to StrLen(Str)-1 do 

   [Dig:= Str(I) - ^0;
   if Dig>=0 & Dig<=9 then
       [Sum:= Sum + Dig;
        Cnt:= Cnt + 1;
        if (Cnt&1) = 0 then
               Sum:= Sum + Dig + Dig;
       ];
   ];

Text(0, Str); Text(0, if rem(Sum/10)=0 & Cnt=13 then ": good" else ": bad"); CrLf(0); ];

[ISBN13("978-1734314502"); 

ISBN13("978-1734314509");
ISBN13("978-1788399081");
ISBN13("978-1788399083");
ISBN13("978-1-59327-220-3");
ISBN13("978-178839918");

]</lang>

Output:
978-1734314502: good
978-1734314509: bad
978-1788399081: good
978-1788399083: bad
978-1-59327-220-3: good
978-178839918: bad

zkl

<lang zkl>fcn ISBN13_check(isbn){ // "978-1734314502", throws on invalid digits 

  var [const] one3=("13"*6 + 1).split("").apply("toInt"); // examine 13 digits
  // one3=("13"*6) if you want to calculate what the check digit should be
  one3.zipWith('*,isbn - " -").sum(0) % 10 == 0

}</lang> <lang zkl>isbns:=

  1. <<<"
   978-1734314502
   978-1734314509
   978-1788399081
   978-1788399083
   978-2-74839-908-0
   978-2-74839-908-5".split("\n");
  1. <<<

foreach isbn in (isbns) 

  { println(isbn.strip(),"  ",ISBN13_check(isbn) and " Good" or " Bad") }</lang>
Output:
978-1734314502   Good
978-1734314509   Bad
978-1788399081   Good
978-1788399083   Bad
978-2-74839-908-0   Good
978-2-74839-908-5   Bad
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