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Ruth-Aaron numbers

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Task
Ruth-Aaron numbers
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.

A Ruth–Aaron pair consists of two consecutive integers (e.g., 714 and 715) for which the sums of the prime divisors of each integer are equal. So called because 714 is Babe Ruth's lifetime home run record; Hank Aaron's 715th home run broke this record and 714 and 715 have the same prime divisor sum.


A Ruth–Aaron triple consists of three consecutive integers with the same properties.


There is a second variant of Ruth–Aaron numbers, one which uses prime factors rather than prime divisors. The difference; divisors are unique, factors may be repeated. The 714, 715 pair appears in both, so the name still fits.


It is common to refer to each Ruth–Aaron group by the first number in it.


Task
  • Find and show, here on this page, the first 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors).
  • Find and show, here on this page, the first 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors).


Stretch
  • Find and show the first Ruth-Aaron triple (factors).
  • Find and show the first Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors).


See also

ALGOL 68

Uses sieves for the prime factor sums and prime divisor sums, assumes that the first Ruth-Aaron triples are under 99 000 000.
This uses a large amount of memory - too much for Algol 68G under Windows (and possibly under Linux).
With max number set to 1 000 000, Algol 68G can find the first triple using factors in a few seconds (the loop to find the first divisors triple must be commented out or removed) - Real time: 0.941 s on TIO.RUN for the cutdown version.

BEGIN # find Ruth-Aaron pairs - pairs of consecutive integers where the sum #
      # of the prime factors or divisors are equal                          #
    INT max number = 99 000 000; # max number we will consider #
    # construct a sieve of primes up to max number #
    [ 1 : max number ]BOOL prime;
    prime[ 1 ] := FALSE;
    prime[ 2 ] := TRUE;
    FOR i FROM 3 BY 2 TO UPB prime DO prime[ i ] := TRUE  OD;
    FOR i FROM 4 BY 2 TO UPB prime DO prime[ i ] := FALSE OD;
    FOR i FROM 3 BY 2 TO ENTIER sqrt( UPB prime ) DO
        IF prime[ i ] THEN
            FOR s FROM i * i BY i + i TO UPB prime DO prime[ s ] := FALSE OD
        FI
    OD;
    # construct the sums of prime divisors up to max number #
    [ 1 : max number ]INT ps; FOR n TO max number DO ps[ n ] := 0 OD;
    FOR n TO max number DO
        IF prime[ n ] THEN
            FOR j FROM n BY n TO max number DO ps[ j ] PLUSAB n OD
        FI
    OD;
    INT max count = 30;
    # first max count Ruth-Aaron (divisors) numbers #
    [ 1 : max count ]INT dra;
    INT count    := 0;
    INT prev sum := 0;
    FOR n FROM 2 WHILE count < max count DO
        INT this sum = ps[ n ];
        IF prev sum = this sum THEN
            # found another Ruth-Aaron number #
            count PLUSAB 1;
            IF count <= max count THEN dra[ count ] := n - 1 FI
        FI;
        prev sum := this sum
    OD;
    # first triple #
    INT dra3      := 0;
    INT pprev sum := ps[ 1 ];
    prev sum      := ps[ 2 ];
    FOR n FROM 3 WHILE dra3 = 0 DO
        INT this sum = ps[ n ];
        IF prev sum = this sum THEN
            IF pprev sum = this sum THEN
                # found a Ruth-Aaron triple #
                dra3 := n - 2
            FI
        FI;
        pprev sum := prev sum;
        prev sum  := this sum
    OD;
    # replace ps with the prime factor count #
    INT root max number = ENTIER sqrt( max number );
    FOR n FROM 2 TO root max number DO
        IF prime[ n ] THEN
            INT p := n * n;
            WHILE p < root max number DO
                FOR j FROM p BY p TO max number DO ps[ j ] PLUSAB n OD;
                p TIMESAB n
            OD
        FI
    OD;
    # first max count Ruth-Aaron (factors) numbers #
    [ 1 : max count ]INT fra;
    prev sum := ps[ 1 ];
    count    := 0;
    FOR n FROM 2 WHILE count < 30 DO
        INT this sum = ps[ n ];
        IF prev sum = this sum THEN
            # found another Ruth-Aaron number #
            count PLUSAB 1;
            fra[ count ] := n - 1
        FI;
        prev sum := this sum
    OD;
    # first triple #
    prev sum := 0;
    count    := 0;
    INT fra3 := 0;
    FOR n FROM 2 WHILE fra3 = 0 DO
        INT this sum = ps[ n ];
        IF prev sum = this sum AND pprev sum = this sum THEN
            # found a Ruth-Aaron triple #
            fra3 := n - 2
        FI;
        pprev sum := prev sum;
        prev sum  := this sum
    OD;
    # show the numbers #
    print( ( "The first ", whole( max count, 0 ), " Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):", newline ) );
    FOR n TO max count DO
        print( ( whole( fra[ n ], - 6 ) ) );
        IF n MOD 10 = 0 THEN print( ( newline ) ) FI
    OD;
    # divisors #
    print( ( "The first ", whole( max count, 0 ), " Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):", newline ) );
    FOR n TO max count DO
        print( ( whole( dra[ n ], - 6 ) ) );
        IF n MOD 10 = 0 THEN print( ( newline ) ) FI
    OD;
    # triples #
    print( ( newline, "First Ruth-Aaron triple (factors):  ", whole( fra3, 0 ) ) );
    print( ( newline, "First Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors): ", whole( dra3, 0 ) ) )
END
Output:
The first 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):
     5     8    15    77   125   714   948  1330  1520  1862
  2491  3248  4185  4191  5405  5560  5959  6867  8280  8463
 10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649
The first 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):
     5    24    49    77   104   153   369   492   714  1682
  2107  2299  2600  2783  5405  6556  6811  8855  9800 12726
 13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081

First Ruth-Aaron triple (factors):  417162
First Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors): 89460294

Arturo

fRuthAaron?: function [n]-> (sum factors.prime n) = sum factors.prime n+1
dRuthAaron?: function [n]-> (sum unique factors.prime n) = sum unique factors.prime n+1

print "First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):"
loop split.every: 10 select.first:30 1..∞ => fRuthAaron? 'x ->
    print map x 's -> pad to :string s 5

print ""
print "First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):"
loop split.every: 10 select.first:30 1..∞ => dRuthAaron? 'x ->
    print map x 's -> pad to :string s 5
Output:
First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):
    5     8    15    77   125   714   948  1330  1520  1862 
 2491  3248  4185  4191  5405  5560  5959  6867  8280  8463 
10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649 

First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):
    5    24    49    77   104   153   369   492   714  1682 
 2107  2299  2600  2783  5405  6556  6811  8855  9800 12726 
13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081

C++

This takes about 2 minutes 24 seconds (3.2GHz Quad-Core Intel Core i5).

#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>

int prime_factor_sum(int n) {
    int sum = 0;
    for (; (n & 1) == 0; n >>= 1)
        sum += 2;
    for (int p = 3, sq = 9; sq <= n; p += 2) {
        for (; n % p == 0; n /= p)
            sum += p;
        sq += (p + 1) << 2;
    }
    if (n > 1)
        sum += n;
    return sum;
}

int prime_divisor_sum(int n) {
    int sum = 0;
    if ((n & 1) == 0) {
        sum += 2;
        n >>= 1;
        while ((n & 1) == 0)
            n >>= 1;
    }
    for (int p = 3, sq = 9; sq <= n; p += 2) {
        if (n % p == 0) {
            sum += p;
            n /= p;
            while (n % p == 0)
                n /= p;
        }
        sq += (p + 1) << 2;
    }
    if (n > 1)
        sum += n;
    return sum;
}

int main() {
    const int limit = 30;
    int dsum1 = 0, fsum1 = 0, dsum2 = 0, fsum2 = 0;

    std::cout << "First " << limit << " Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):\n";
    for (int n = 2, count = 0; count < limit; ++n) {
        fsum2 = prime_factor_sum(n);
        if (fsum1 == fsum2) {
            ++count;
            std::cout << std::setw(5) << n - 1
                      << (count % 10 == 0 ? '\n' : ' ');
        }
        fsum1 = fsum2;
    }

    std::cout << "\nFirst " << limit << " Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):\n";
    for (int n = 2, count = 0; count < limit; ++n) {
        dsum2 = prime_divisor_sum(n);
        if (dsum1 == dsum2) {
            ++count;
            std::cout << std::setw(5) << n - 1
                      << (count % 10 == 0 ? '\n' : ' ');
        }
        dsum1 = dsum2;
    }

    dsum1 = 0, fsum1 = 0, dsum2 = 0, fsum2 = 0;
    for (int n = 2;; ++n) {
        int fsum3 = prime_factor_sum(n);
        if (fsum1 == fsum2 && fsum2 == fsum3) {
            std::cout << "\nFirst Ruth-Aaron triple (factors): " << n - 2
                      << '\n';
            break;
        }
        fsum1 = fsum2;
        fsum2 = fsum3;
    }
    for (int n = 2;; ++n) {
        int dsum3 = prime_divisor_sum(n);
        if (dsum1 == dsum2 && dsum2 == dsum3) {
            std::cout << "\nFirst Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors): " << n - 2
                      << '\n';
            break;
        }
        dsum1 = dsum2;
        dsum2 = dsum3;
    }
}
Output:
First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):
    5     8    15    77   125   714   948  1330  1520  1862
 2491  3248  4185  4191  5405  5560  5959  6867  8280  8463
10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649

First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):
    5    24    49    77   104   153   369   492   714  1682
 2107  2299  2600  2783  5405  6556  6811  8855  9800 12726
13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081

First Ruth-Aaron triple (factors): 417162

First Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors): 89460294 

Delphi

Works with: Delphi version 6.0


{These routines would normally be in a library, but are shown here for clarity}

function IsPrime(N: int64): boolean;
{Fast, optimised prime test}
var I,Stop: int64;
begin
if (N = 2) or (N=3) then Result:=true
else if (n <= 1) or ((n mod 2) = 0) or ((n mod 3) = 0) then Result:= false
else
     begin
     I:=5;
     Stop:=Trunc(sqrt(N+0.0));
     Result:=False;
     while I<=Stop do
           begin
           if ((N mod I) = 0) or ((N mod (I + 2)) = 0) then exit;
           Inc(I,6);
           end;
     Result:=True;
     end;
end;



procedure StoreNumber(N: integer; var IA: TIntegerDynArray);
{Expand and store number in array}
begin
SetLength(IA,Length(IA)+1);
IA[High(IA)]:=N;
end;


procedure GetPrimeFactors(N: integer; var Facts: TIntegerDynArray);
{Get all the prime factors of a number}
var I: integer;
begin
I:=2;
SetLength(Facts,0);
repeat
	begin
	if (N mod I) = 0 then
		begin
		StoreNumber(I,Facts);
		N:=N div I;
		end
	else I:=GetNextPrime(I);
	end
until N=1;
end;


procedure GetPrimeDivisors(N: integer; var Facts: TIntegerDynArray);
{Get all unique prime factors of a number}
var I: integer;
begin
I:=2;
SetLength(Facts,0);
repeat
	begin
	if (N mod I) = 0 then
		begin
		StoreNumber(I,Facts);
		N:=N div I;
		while (N mod I) = 0 do N:=N div I;
		end
	else I:=GetNextPrime(I);
	end
until N=1;
end;

{------------------------------------------------------------}

procedure RuthAaronNumbers(Memo: TMemo; UseFactors: boolean);
var N,Sum1,Sum2,Cnt: integer;
var S: string;


	function GetFactorSum(N: integer): integer;
	{Get the sum of the prime factors or divisors}
	var IA: TIntegerDynArray;
	var I: integer;
	begin
	if UseFactors then GetPrimeFactors(N,IA)
	else GetPrimeDivisors(N,IA);
	Result:=0;
	for I:=0 to High(IA) do Result:=Result+IA[I];
	end;

begin
Cnt:=0;
S:='';
{Get first sum}
Sum1:=GetFactorSum(1);
for N:=1 to High(integer) do
	begin
	{Get next sum}
	Sum2:=GetFactorSum(N+1);
	{Look for matching sums = Ruth-Aaron numbers}
	if Sum1=Sum2 then
		begin
		Inc(Cnt);
		S:=S+Format('%6D',[N]);
		if Cnt>=30 then break;
		If (Cnt mod 10)=0 then S:=S+CRLF;
		end;
	Sum1:=Sum2;
	end;
Memo.Lines.Add(S);
Memo.Lines.Add('Count = '+IntToStr(Cnt));
end;



procedure ShowRuthAaronNumbers(Memo: TMemo);
begin
Memo.Lines.Add('The first 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers using factors');
RuthAaronNumbers(Memo, True);
Memo.Lines.Add('The first 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers using divisors');
RuthAaronNumbers(Memo, False);
end;
Output:
The first 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers using factors
     5     8    15    77   125   714   948  1330  1520  1862
  2491  3248  4185  4191  5405  5560  5959  6867  8280  8463
 10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649
Count = 30
The first 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers using divisors
     5    24    49    77   104   153   369   492   714  1682
  2107  2299  2600  2783  5405  6556  6811  8855  9800 12726
 13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081
Count = 30
Elapsed Time: 5.991 Sec.

EasyLang

Translation of: FreeBASIC
func divsum n alldiv .
   f = 2
   repeat
      q = n / f
      if n mod f = 0
         if alldiv = 1
            s1 += f
         else
            if f <> f0
               s1 += f
               f0 = f
            .
         .
         n = q
      else
         f += 1
      .
      until f > n
   .
   return s1
.
proc ruth_aaron alldiv . .
   n = 2
   repeat
      s = divsum n alldiv
      if s = s0
         write n - 1 & " "
         c += 1
      .
      s0 = s
      n += 1
      until c >= 30
   .
.
print "first 30 ruth-aaron numbers (factors):"
ruth_aaron 1
print ""
print ""
print "first 30 ruth-aaron numbers (divisors):"
ruth_aaron 0
Output:
first 30 ruth-aaron numbers (factors):
5 8 15 77 125 714 948 1330 1520 1862 2491 3248 4185 4191 5405 5560 5959 6867 8280 8463 10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649 

first 30 ruth-aaron numbers (divisors):
5 24 49 77 104 153 369 492 714 1682 2107 2299 2600 2783 5405 6556 6811 8855 9800 12726 13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081 

Factor

Works with: Factor version 0.99 2022-04-03
USING: assocs.extras grouping io kernel lists lists.lazy math
math.primes.factors prettyprint ranges sequences ;

: pair-same? ( ... n quot: ( ... m -- ... n ) -- ... ? )
    [ dup 1 + ] dip same? ; inline

: RA-f? ( n -- ? ) [ factors sum ] pair-same? ;
: RA-d? ( n -- ? ) [ group-factors sum-keys ] pair-same? ;
: filter-naturals ( quot -- list ) 1 lfrom swap lfilter ; inline
: RA-f ( -- list ) [ RA-f? ] filter-naturals ;
: RA-d ( -- list ) [ RA-d? ] filter-naturals ;

: list. ( list -- )
    30 swap ltake list>array 10 group simple-table. ;

"First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):" print
RA-f list. nl

"First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):" print
RA-d list.
Output:
First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):
5     8     15    77    125   714   948   1330  1520  1862
2491  3248  4185  4191  5405  5560  5959  6867  8280  8463
10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649

First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):
5     24    49    77    104   153   369   492   714   1682
2107  2299  2600  2783  5405  6556  6811  8855  9800  12726
13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081

FreeBASIC

Translation of: XPL0
Function DivSum(N As Integer, AllDiv As Boolean) As Integer
    Dim As Integer Q, F = 2, F0 = 0, S1 = 0
    Do
        Q = N/F
        If (N Mod F) = 0 Then
            If AllDiv Then 
                S1 += F
            Else 
                If F <> F0 Then S1 += F : F0 = F
                
            End If
            N = Q
        Else 
            F += 1
        End If
    Loop Until F > N
    Return S1
End Function

Sub Ruth_Aaron(AllDiv As Boolean)
    Dim As Integer S, C = 0, S0 = 0, N = 2
    Do
        S = DivSum(N, AllDiv)
        If S = S0 Then
            Print Using "######"; N-1;
            C += 1
            If (C Mod 10) = 0 Then Print
        End If
        S0 = S
        N += 1
    Loop Until C >= 30
End Sub

Print "First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):"
Ruth_Aaron(True)      ' https://oeis.org/A039752
Print !"\nFirst 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):"
Ruth_Aaron(False)     ' https://oeis.org/A006145

Sleep
Output:
First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):
     5     8    15    77   125   714   948  1330  1520  1862
  2491  3248  4185  4191  5405  5560  5959  6867  8280  8463
 10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649

First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):
     5    24    49    77   104   153   369   492   714  1682
  2107  2299  2600  2783  5405  6556  6811  8855  9800 12726
 13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081

Go

Translation of: Wren
Library: Go-rcu

Takes about 4.5 minutes.

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "rcu"
)

func prune(a []int) []int {
    prev := a[0]
    b := []int{prev}
    for i := 1; i < len(a); i++ {
        if a[i] != prev {
            b = append(b, a[i])
            prev = a[i]
        }
    }
    return b
}

func main() {
    var resF, resD, resT, factors1 []int
    factors2 := []int{2}
    factors3 := []int{3}
    var sum1, sum2, sum3 int = 0, 2, 3
    var countF, countD, countT int
    for n := 2; countT < 1 || countD < 30 || countF < 30; n++ {
        factors1 = factors2
        factors2 = factors3
        factors3 = rcu.PrimeFactors(n + 2)
        sum1 = sum2
        sum2 = sum3
        sum3 = rcu.SumInts(factors3)
        if countF < 30 && sum1 == sum2 {
            resF = append(resF, n)
            countF++
        }
        if sum1 == sum2 && sum2 == sum3 {
            resT = append(resT, n)
            countT++
        }
        if countD < 30 {
            factors4 := make([]int, len(factors1))
            copy(factors4, factors1)
            factors5 := make([]int, len(factors2))
            copy(factors5, factors2)
            factors4 = prune(factors4)
            factors5 = prune(factors5)
            if rcu.SumInts(factors4) == rcu.SumInts(factors5) {
                resD = append(resD, n)
                countD++
            }
        }
    }
    fmt.Println("First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):")
    fmt.Println(resF)
    fmt.Println("\nFirst 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):")
    fmt.Println(resD)
    fmt.Println("\nFirst Ruth-Aaron triple (factors):")
    fmt.Println(resT[0])

    resT = resT[:0]
    factors1 = factors1[:0]
    factors2 = factors2[:1]
    factors2[0] = 2
    factors3 = factors3[:1]
    factors3[0] = 3
    countT = 0
    for n := 2; countT < 1; n++ {
        factors1 = factors2
        factors2 = factors3
        factors3 = prune(rcu.PrimeFactors(n + 2))
        sum1 = sum2
        sum2 = sum3
        sum3 = rcu.SumInts(factors3)
        if sum1 == sum2 && sum2 == sum3 {
            resT = append(resT, n)
            countT++
        }
    }
    fmt.Println("\nFirst Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors):")
    fmt.Println(resT[0])
}
Output:
First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):
[5 8 15 77 125 714 948 1330 1520 1862 2491 3248 4185 4191 5405 5560 5959 6867 8280 8463 10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649]

First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):
[5 24 49 77 104 153 369 492 714 1682 2107 2299 2600 2783 5405 6556 6811 8855 9800 12726 13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081]

First Ruth-Aaron triple (factors):
417162

First Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors):
89460294

Haskell

import qualified Data.Set as S
import Data.List.Split ( chunksOf )

divisors :: Int -> [Int]
divisors n = [d | d <- [2 .. n] , mod n d == 0]

--for obvious theoretical reasons the smallest divisor of a number bare 1
--must be prime
primeFactors :: Int -> [Int]
primeFactors n = snd $ until ( (== 1) . fst ) step (n , [] )
 where
  step :: (Int , [Int] ) -> (Int , [Int] )
  step (n , li) = ( div n h , li ++ [h] )
   where
    h :: Int
    h = head $ divisors n

primeDivisors :: Int -> [Int]
primeDivisors n = S.toList $ S.fromList $ primeFactors n

solution :: (Int -> [Int] ) -> [Int]
solution f = snd $ until ( (== 30 ) . length . snd ) step ([2 , 3] , [] )
 where
  step :: ([Int] , [Int] ) -> ([Int] , [Int])
  step ( neighbours , ranums ) =  ( map ( + 1 ) neighbours , if (sum $ f
   $ head neighbours ) == (sum $ f $ last neighbours) then
   ranums ++ [ head neighbours ] else ranums )

formatNumber :: Int -> String -> String
formatNumber width num
   |width > l = replicate ( width -l ) ' ' ++ num
   |width == l = num
   |width < l = num
    where
     l = length num

main :: IO ( )
main = do
   let ruth_aaron_pairs = solution primeFactors
       maxlen = length $ show $ last ruth_aaron_pairs
       numberlines = chunksOf 8 $ map show ruth_aaron_pairs
       ruth_aaron_divisors = solution primeDivisors
       maxlen2 = length $ show $ last ruth_aaron_divisors
       numberlines2 = chunksOf 8 $ map show ruth_aaron_divisors
       putStrLn "First 30 Ruth-Aaaron numbers ( factors ) :"     
   mapM_ (\nlin -> putStrLn $ foldl1 ( ++ ) $ map (\st -> formatNumber (maxlen + 2) st )
    nlin ) numberlines  
   putStrLn " "
   putStrLn "First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers( divisors ):"
   mapM_ (\nlin -> putStrLn $ foldl1 ( ++ ) $ map (\st -> formatNumber (maxlen2 + 2) st )
    nlin ) numberlines2
Output:
First 30 Ruth-Aaaron numbers ( factors ) :
      5      8     15     77    125    714    948   1330
   1520   1862   2491   3248   4185   4191   5405   5560
   5959   6867   8280   8463  10647  12351  14587  16932
  17080  18490  20450  24895  26642  26649
 
First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers( divisors ):
      5     24     49     77    104    153    369    492
    714   1682   2107   2299   2600   2783   5405   6556
   6811   8855   9800  12726  13775  18655  21183  24024
  24432  24880  25839  26642  35456  40081

J

Currently, the task asks for Ruth-Aaron numbers, rather than Ruth-Aaron groups.

Thus:

   NB. using factors
   30{.1 2+/~I. 2 =/\ +/@q: 1+i.100000
    5     6
    8     9
   15    16
   77    78
  125   126
  714   715
  948   949
 1330  1331
 1520  1521
 1862  1863
 2491  2492
 3248  3249
 4185  4186
 4191  4192
 5405  5406
 5560  5561
 5959  5960
 6867  6868
 8280  8281
 8463  8464
10647 10648
12351 12352
14587 14588
16932 16933
17080 17081
18490 18491
20450 20451
24895 24896
26642 26643
26649 26650
   
   NB. using divisors
   30{.1 2+/~I. 2 =/\ (+/@{.@q:~&__) 1+i.100000
    5     6
   24    25
   49    50
   77    78
  104   105
  153   154
  369   370
  492   493
  714   715
 1682  1683
 2107  2108
 2299  2300
 2600  2601
 2783  2784
 5405  5406
 6556  6557
 6811  6812
 8855  8856
 9800  9801
12726 12727
13775 13776
18655 18656
21183 21184
24024 24025
24432 24433
24880 24881
25839 25840
26642 26643
35456 35457
40081 40082

Java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.BitSet;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;

public final class RuthAaronNumbers {
	
	public static void main(String[] aArgs) {		
		System.out.println("The first 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):");
	    firstRuthAaronNumbers(30, NumberType.FACTOR);
	    
	    System.out.println("The first 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):");
	    firstRuthAaronNumbers(30, NumberType.DIVISOR);
	    
	    System.out.println("First Ruth-Aaron triple (factors): " + firstRuthAaronTriple(NumberType.FACTOR));
		System.out.println();
	    
		System.out.println("First Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors): "
            + firstRuthAaronTriple(NumberType.DIVISOR));
		System.out.println();		
	}
	
	private enum NumberType { DIVISOR, FACTOR }
	
	private static void firstRuthAaronNumbers(int aCount, NumberType aNumberType) {
		primeSumOne = 0;
		primeSumTwo = 0;
		
		for ( int n = 2, count = 0; count < aCount; n++ ) {			
	        primeSumTwo = switch ( aNumberType ) {
	        	case DIVISOR -> primeDivisorSum(n);
	        	case FACTOR -> primeFactorSum(n);
	        };
	        
	        if ( primeSumOne == primeSumTwo ) {
	            count += 1;
	            System.out.print(String.format("%6d", n - 1));
	            if ( count == aCount / 2 ) {
	            	System.out.println();
	            }
	        }
	        
	        primeSumOne = primeSumTwo;
	    }
		
		System.out.println();
		System.out.println();
	}
	
	private static int firstRuthAaronTriple(NumberType aNumberType) {
		primeSumOne = 0;
		primeSumTwo = 0;
		primeSumThree = 0;
		
		int n = 2;
		boolean found = false;
		while ( ! found ) {
			primeSumThree = switch ( aNumberType ) {
				case DIVISOR -> primeDivisorSum(n);
				case FACTOR -> primeFactorSum(n);
			};
			
			if ( primeSumOne == primeSumTwo && primeSumTwo == primeSumThree ) {
				found = true;
			}
			
			n += 1;			
			primeSumOne = primeSumTwo;
			primeSumTwo = primeSumThree;			
		}
		
		return n - 2;
	}
	
	private static int primeDivisorSum(int aNumber) {
		return primeSum(aNumber, new HashSet<Integer>());
	}
	
	private static int primeFactorSum(int aNumber) {
		return primeSum(aNumber, new ArrayList<Integer>());
	}
	
	private static int primeSum(int aNumber, Collection<Integer> aCollection) {
		Collection<Integer> values = aCollection;

		for ( int i = 0, prime = 2; prime * prime <= aNumber; i++ ) {
			while ( aNumber % prime == 0 ) {
				aNumber /= prime;
				values.add(prime);
			}
			prime = primes.get(i + 1);
		}

		if ( aNumber > 1 ) {
			values.add(aNumber);
		}
		
		return values.stream().reduce(0, ( l, r ) -> l + r );
	}
	
	private static List<Integer> listPrimeNumbersUpTo(int aNumber) {
		BitSet sieve = new BitSet(aNumber + 1);
		sieve.set(2, aNumber + 1);
		
		final int squareRoot = (int) Math.sqrt(aNumber);
		for ( int i = 2; i <= squareRoot; i = sieve.nextSetBit(i + 1) ) {
			for ( int j = i * i; j <= aNumber; j += i ) {
				sieve.clear(j);
			}
		}
		
		List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<Integer>(sieve.cardinality());
		for ( int i = 2; i >= 0; i = sieve.nextSetBit(i + 1) ) {
			result.add(i);
		}
		
		return result;
	}
	
	private static int primeSumOne, primeSumTwo, primeSumThree;
	private static List<Integer> primes = listPrimeNumbersUpTo(50_000);

}
Output:
The first 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):
     5     8    15    77   125   714   948  1330  1520  1862  2491  3248  4185  4191  5405
  5560  5959  6867  8280  8463 10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649

The first 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):
     5    24    49    77   104   153   369   492   714  1682  2107  2299  2600  2783  5405
  6556  6811  8855  9800 12726 13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081

First Ruth-Aaron triple (factors): 417163

First Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors): 89460295

Julia

using Lazy
using Primes

sumprimedivisors(n) = sum([p[1] for p in factor(n)])
ruthaaron(n) = sumprimedivisors(n) == sumprimedivisors(n + 1)
ruthaarontriple(n) = sumprimedivisors(n) == sumprimedivisors(n + 1) ==
   sumprimedivisors(n + 2)

sumprimefactors(n) = sum([p[1] * p[2] for p in factor(n)])
ruthaaronfactors(n) = sumprimefactors(n) == sumprimefactors(n + 1)
ruthaaronfactorstriple(n) = sumprimefactors(n) == sumprimefactors(n + 1) ==
   sumprimefactors(n + 2)

raseq = @>> Lazy.range() filter(ruthaaron)
rafseq = @>> Lazy.range() filter(ruthaaronfactors)

println("30 Ruth Aaron numbers:")
foreach(p -> print(lpad(p[2], 6), p[1] % 10 == 0 ? "\n" : ""),
   enumerate(collect(take(30, raseq))))

println("\n30 Ruth Aaron factor numbers:")
foreach(p -> print(lpad(p[2], 6), p[1] % 10 == 0 ? "\n" : ""),
   enumerate(collect(take(30, rafseq))))

println("\nRuth Aaron triple starts at: ", findfirst(ruthaarontriple, 1:100000000))
println("\nRuth Aaron factor triple starts at: ", findfirst(ruthaaronfactorstriple, 1:10000000))
Output:
30 Ruth Aaron numbers:
     5    24    49    77   104   153   369   492   714  1682
  2107  2299  2600  2783  5405  6556  6811  8855  9800 12726
 13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081

30 Ruth Aaron factor numbers:
     5     8    15    77   125   714   948  1330  1520  1862
  2491  3248  4185  4191  5405  5560  5959  6867  8280  8463
 10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649

Ruth Aaron triple starts at: 89460294

Ruth Aaron factor triple starts at: 417162

Mathematica /Wolfram Language

Translation of: Julia
SumPrimeDivisors[n_] := Total[First /@ FactorInteger[n]]
RuthAaron[n_] := SumPrimeDivisors[n] == SumPrimeDivisors[n + 1]

SumPrimeFactors[n_] := 
 Total[First[#] * Last[#] & /@ FactorInteger[n]]
RuthAaronFactors[n_] := 
  SumPrimeFactors[n] == SumPrimeFactors[n + 1]

RuthAaronSeq := Select[Range[100000], RuthAaron]
RuthAaronFactorSeq := Select[Range[100000], RuthAaronFactors]

Print["30 Ruth Aaron numbers:"]
Print[Take[RuthAaronSeq, 30]]

Print["\n30 Ruth Aaron factor numbers:"]
Print[Take[RuthAaronFactorSeq, 30]]
Output:
30 Ruth Aaron numbers:
{5, 24, 49, 77, 104, 153, 369, 492, 714, 1682, 2107, 2299, 2600, 2783, 5405, 6556, 6811, 8855, 9800, 12726, 13775, 18655, 21183, 24024, 24432, 24880, 25839, 26642, 35456, 40081}

30 Ruth Aaron factor numbers:
{5, 8, 15, 77, 125, 714, 948, 1330, 1520, 1862, 2491, 3248, 4185, 4191, 5405, 5560, 5959, 6867, 8280, 8463, 10647, 12351, 14587, 16932, 17080, 18490, 20450, 24895, 26642, 26649}

Nim

Translation of: C++
import std/strformat

template isEven(n: Natural): bool = (n and 1) == 0

func primeFactorSum(n: int): int =
  var n = n
  while n.isEven:
    inc result, 2
    n = n shr 1
  var p = 3
  var sq = 9
  while sq <= n:
    while n mod p == 0:
      inc result, p
      n = n div p
    inc sq, (p + 1) shl 2
    inc p, 2
  if n > 1:
    inc result, n

func primeDivisorSum(n: int): int =
  var n = n
  if n.isEven:
    inc result, 2
    n = n shr 1
    while n.isEven:
      n = n shr 1
  var p = 3
  var sq = 9
  while sq <= n:
    if n mod p == 0:
      inc result, p
      n = n div p
      while n mod p == 0:
        n = n div p
    inc sq, (p + 1) shl 2
    inc p, 2
  if n > 1:
    inc result, n

const Limit = 30

proc firstRuthAaronByFactors() =
  echo &"First {Limit} Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):"
  var fsum1, fsum2 = 0
  var n = 2
  var count = 0
  while count < Limit:
    fsum2 = primeFactorSum(n)
    if fsum1 == fsum2:
      inc count
      stdout.write &"{n - 1:5}", if count mod 10 == 0: '\n' else: ' '
    fsum1 = fsum2
    inc n

proc firstRuthAaronByDivisors() =
  echo &"\nFirst {Limit} Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):"
  var dsum1, dsum2 = 0
  var n = 2
  var count = 0
  while count < Limit:
    dsum2 = primeDivisorSum(n)
    if dsum1 == dsum2:
      inc count
      stdout.write &"{n - 1:5}", if count mod 10 == 0: '\n' else: ' '
    dsum1 = dsum2
    inc n

proc firstRuthAaronTripleByFactors() =
  var fsum1, fsum2 = 0
  var n = 2
  while true:
    let fsum3 = primeFactorSum(n)
    if fsum1 == fsum3 and fsum2 == fsum3:
      echo &"\nFirst Ruth-Aaron triple (factors): {n - 2}"
      break
    fsum1 = fsum2
    fsum2 = fsum3
    inc n

proc firstRuthAaronTripleByDivisors() =
  var dsum1, dsum2 = 0
  var n = 2
  while true:
    let dsum3 = primeDivisorSum(n)
    if dsum1 == dsum3 and dsum2 == dsum3:
      echo &"\nFirst Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors): {n - 2}"
      break
    dsum1 = dsum2
    dsum2 = dsum3
    inc n

firstRuthAaronByFactors()
firstRuthAaronByDivisors()
firstRuthAaronTripleByFactors()
firstRuthAaronTripleByDivisors()
Output:
First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):
    5     8    15    77   125   714   948  1330  1520  1862
 2491  3248  4185  4191  5405  5560  5959  6867  8280  8463
10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649

First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):
    5    24    49    77   104   153   369   492   714  1682
 2107  2299  2600  2783  5405  6556  6811  8855  9800 12726
13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081

First Ruth-Aaron triple (factors): 417162

First Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors): 89460294

Pascal

Free Pascal

all depends on fast prime decomposition.

program RuthAaronNumb;
// gets factors of consecutive integers fast
// limited to 1.2e11
{$IFDEF FPC}
  {$MODE DELPHI}  {$OPTIMIZATION ON,ALL}  {$COPERATORS ON}
{$ELSE}
  {$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
{$ENDIF}
uses
  sysutils,
  strutils //Numb2USA
{$IFDEF WINDOWS},Windows{$ENDIF}
  ;
//######################################################################
//prime decomposition
const
//HCN(86) > 1.2E11 = 128,501,493,120     count of divs = 4096   7 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
  HCN_DivCnt  = 4096;
  //used odd size for test only
  SizePrDeFe = 32768;//*72 <= 64kb level I or 2 Mb ~ level 2 cache  
type
  tItem     = Uint64;
  tDivisors = array [0..HCN_DivCnt] of tItem;
  tpDivisor = pUint64;

  tdigits = array [0..31] of Uint32;
  //the first number with 11 different prime factors =
  //2*3*5*7*11*13*17*19*23*29*31 = 2E11
  //56 byte
  tprimeFac = packed record
                 pfSumOfDivs,
                 pfRemain  : Uint64;
                 pfDivCnt  : Uint32;
                 pfMaxIdx  : Uint32;
                 pfpotPrimIdx : array[0..9] of word;
                 pfpotMax  : array[0..11] of byte;
               end;
  tpPrimeFac = ^tprimeFac;
 
  tPrimeDecompField = array[0..SizePrDeFe-1] of tprimeFac;
  tPrimes = array[0..65535] of Uint32;

var
  {$ALIGN 8}
  SmallPrimes: tPrimes;
  {$ALIGN 32}
  PrimeDecompField :tPrimeDecompField;
  pdfIDX,pdfOfs: NativeInt;
 
procedure InitSmallPrimes;
//get primes. #0..65535.Sieving only odd numbers
const
  MAXLIMIT = (821641-1) shr 1;
var
  pr : array[0..MAXLIMIT] of byte;
  p,j,d,flipflop :NativeUInt;
Begin
  SmallPrimes[0] := 2;
  fillchar(pr[0],SizeOf(pr),#0);
  p := 0;
  repeat
    repeat
      p +=1
    until pr[p]= 0;
    j := (p+1)*p*2;
    if j>MAXLIMIT then
      BREAK;
    d := 2*p+1;
    repeat
      pr[j] := 1;
      j += d;
    until j>MAXLIMIT;
  until false;
 
  SmallPrimes[1] := 3;
  SmallPrimes[2] := 5;
  j := 3;
  d := 7;
  flipflop := (2+1)-1;//7+2*2,11+2*1,13,17,19,23
  p := 3;
  repeat
    if pr[p] = 0 then
    begin
      SmallPrimes[j] := d;
      inc(j);
    end;
    d += 2*flipflop;
    p+=flipflop;
    flipflop := 3-flipflop;
  until (p > MAXLIMIT) OR (j>High(SmallPrimes));
end;
 
function OutPots(pD:tpPrimeFac;n:NativeInt):Ansistring;
var
  s: String[31];
  chk,p,i: NativeInt;
Begin
  str(n,s);
  result := Format('%15s : ',[Numb2USA(s)]);
 
  with pd^ do
  begin
    chk := 1;
    For n := 0 to pfMaxIdx-1 do
    Begin
      if n>0 then
        result += '*';
      p := SmallPrimes[pfpotPrimIdx[n]];
      chk *= p;
      str(p,s);
      result += s;
      i := pfpotMax[n];
      if i >1 then
      Begin
        str(pfpotMax[n],s);
        result += '^'+s;
        repeat
          chk *= p;
          dec(i);
        until i <= 1;
      end;
     end;
    p := pfRemain;
    If p >1 then
    Begin
      str(p,s);
      chk *= p;
      result += '*'+s;
    end;
  end;
end;
 
function CnvtoBASE(var dgt:tDigits;n:Uint64;base:NativeUint):NativeInt;
//n must be multiple of base aka n mod base must be 0
var
  q,r: Uint64;
  i : NativeInt;
Begin
  fillchar(dgt,SizeOf(dgt),#0);
  i := 0;
  n := n div base;
  result := 0;
  repeat
    r := n;
    q := n div base;
    r  -= q*base;
    n := q;
    dgt[i] := r;
    inc(i);
  until (q = 0);
  //searching lowest pot in base
  result := 0;
  while (result<i) AND (dgt[result] = 0) do
    inc(result);
  inc(result);
end;
 
function IncByBaseInBase(var dgt:tDigits;base:NativeInt):NativeInt;
var
  q :NativeInt;
Begin
  result := 0;
  q := dgt[result]+1;
  if q = base then
    repeat
      dgt[result] := 0;
      inc(result);
      q := dgt[result]+1;
    until q <> base;
  dgt[result] := q;
  result +=1;
end;
 
function SieveOneSieve(var pdf:tPrimeDecompField):boolean;
var
  dgt:tDigits;
  i,j,k,pr,fac,n,MaxP : Uint64;
begin
  n := pdfOfs;
  if n+SizePrDeFe >= sqr(SmallPrimes[High(SmallPrimes)]) then
    EXIT(FALSE);
  //init
  for i := 0 to SizePrDeFe-1 do
  begin
    with pdf[i] do
    Begin
      pfDivCnt := 1;
      pfSumOfDivs := 1;
      pfRemain := n+i;
      pfMaxIdx := 0;
      pfpotPrimIdx[0] := 0;
      pfpotMax[0] := 0;
    end;
  end;
  //first factor 2. Make n+i even
  i := (pdfIdx+n) AND 1;
  IF (n = 0) AND (pdfIdx<2)  then
    i := 2;
 
  repeat
    with pdf[i] do
    begin
      j := BsfQWord(n+i);
      pfMaxIdx := 1;
      pfpotPrimIdx[0] := 0;
      pfpotMax[0] := j;
      pfRemain := (n+i) shr j;
      pfSumOfDivs := (Uint64(1) shl (j+1))-1;
      pfDivCnt := j+1;
    end;
    i += 2;
  until i >=SizePrDeFe;
  //i now index in SmallPrimes
  i := 0;
  maxP := trunc(sqrt(n+SizePrDeFe))+1;
  repeat
    //search next prime that is in bounds of sieve
    if n = 0 then
    begin
      repeat
        inc(i);
        pr := SmallPrimes[i];
        k := pr-n MOD pr;
        if k < SizePrDeFe then
          break;
      until pr > MaxP;
    end
    else
    begin
      repeat
        inc(i);
        pr := SmallPrimes[i];
        k := pr-n MOD pr;
        if (k = pr) AND (n>0) then
          k:= 0;
        if k < SizePrDeFe then
          break;
      until pr > MaxP;
    end;
 
    //no need to use higher primes
    if pr*pr > n+SizePrDeFe then
      BREAK;
 
    //j is power of prime
    j := CnvtoBASE(dgt,n+k,pr);
    repeat
      with pdf[k] do
      Begin
        pfpotPrimIdx[pfMaxIdx] := i;
        pfpotMax[pfMaxIdx] := j;
        pfDivCnt *= j+1;
        fac := pr;
        repeat
          pfRemain := pfRemain DIV pr;
          dec(j);
          fac *= pr;
        until j<= 0;
        pfSumOfDivs *= (fac-1)DIV(pr-1);
        inc(pfMaxIdx);
        k += pr;
        j := IncByBaseInBase(dgt,pr);
      end;
    until k >= SizePrDeFe;
  until false;
 
  //correct sum of & count of divisors
  for i := 0 to High(pdf) do
  Begin
    with pdf[i] do
    begin
      j := pfRemain;
      if j <> 1 then
      begin
        pfSumOFDivs *= (j+1);
        pfDivCnt *=2;
      end;
    end;
  end;
  result := true;
end;
 
function NextSieve:boolean;
begin
  dec(pdfIDX,SizePrDeFe);
  inc(pdfOfs,SizePrDeFe);
  result := SieveOneSieve(PrimeDecompField);
end;
 
function GetNextPrimeDecomp:tpPrimeFac;
begin
  if pdfIDX >= SizePrDeFe then
    if Not(NextSieve) then
      EXIT(NIL);
  result := @PrimeDecompField[pdfIDX];
  inc(pdfIDX);
end;
 
function Init_Sieve(n:NativeUint):boolean;
//Init Sieve pdfIdx,pdfOfs are Global
begin
  pdfIdx := n MOD SizePrDeFe;
  pdfOfs := n-pdfIdx;
  result := SieveOneSieve(PrimeDecompField);
end;
//end prime decomposition
//######################################################################

procedure Get_RA_Prime(cntlimit:NativeUInt;useFactors:Boolean);
var
  pPrimeDecomp :tpPrimeFac;
  pr,sum0,sum1,n,i,cnt : NativeUInt;
begin 
  write('First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (');
  if useFactors then
    writeln('factors ):')
  else  
    writeln('divisors ):');  
  
  cnt := 0;
  sum1:= 0;
  n := 2;
  Init_Sieve(n);
  repeat
    pPrimeDecomp:= GetNextPrimeDecomp;
    with pPrimeDecomp^ do
    begin
      sum0:= pfRemain;
      //if not(prime) 
      if (sum0 <> n) then 
      begin
        if sum0 = 1 then
          sum0 := 0;
        For i := 0 to pfMaxIdx-1 do
        begin
          pr := smallprimes[pfpotPrimIdx[i]];
          if useFactors then
            sum0 += pr*pfpotMax[i]
          else  
            sum0 += pr;
        end;    
        if sum1 = sum0 then
        begin
          write(n-1:10);
          inc(cnt);
          if cnt mod 8 = 0 then
            writeln;
        end;
        sum1 := sum0;  
      end
      else
        sum1:= 0;
    end;  
    inc(n);
  until cnt>=cntlimit;
  writeln;
end;

function findfirstTripplesFactor(useFactors:boolean):NativeUint;
var
  pPrimeDecomp :tpPrimeFac;
  pr,sum0,sum1,sum2,i : NativeUInt;
begin 
  sum1:= 0;
  sum2:= 0;
  result:= 2;
  Init_Sieve(result);
  repeat
    pPrimeDecomp:= GetNextPrimeDecomp;
    with pPrimeDecomp^ do
    begin
      sum0:= pfRemain;
      //if not(prime) 
      if (sum0 <> result) then 
      begin
        if sum0 = 1 then
          sum0 := 0;
        For i := 0 to pfMaxIdx-1 do
        begin
          pr := smallprimes[pfpotPrimIdx[i]];
          if useFactors then
            pr *= pfpotMax[i]; 
          sum0 += pr
        end;
        if (sum2 = sum0) AND (sum1=sum0) then
          Exit(result-2);
      end
      else
        sum0 := 0;
      sum2:= sum1;        
      sum1 := sum0;  
    end;  
    inc(result);
  until false
end;
var
  T1,T0 : Int64;
Begin
  T0 := GetTickCount64;
  InitSmallPrimes;
  Get_RA_Prime(30,false);
  Get_RA_Prime(30,true);
  writeln('used time: ',GettickCount64-T0,' ms');
  writeln;

  writeln('First Ruth-Aaron triple (factors) :');
  T0 := GetTickCount64;
  writeln(findfirstTripplesFactor(true):10,' in ',GettickCount64-T0,' ms');
  writeln;    
  
  writeln('First Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors):');  
  T0 := GetTickCount64;
  writeln(findfirstTripplesFactor(false):10,' in ',GettickCount64-T0,' ms');
end.
@TIO.RUN:
First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors ):
         5        24        49        77       104       153       369       492
       714      1682      2107      2299      2600      2783      5405      6556
      6811      8855      9800     12726     13775     18655     21183     24024
     24432     24880     25839     26642     35456     40081
First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors ):
         5         8        15        77       125       714       948      1330
      1520      1862      2491      3248      4185      4191      5405      5560
      5959      6867      8280      8463     10647     12351     14587     16932
     17080     18490     20450     24895     26642     26649
used time: 8 ms

First Ruth-Aaron triple (factors) :
    417162 in 28 ms

First Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors):
  89460294 in 6817 ms

Real time: 7.011 s CPU share: 99.03 %

Perl

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;
use ntheory qw( factor vecsum );
use List::AllUtils qw( uniq );

#use Data::Dump 'dd'; dd factor(6); exit;

my $n = 1;
my @answers;
while( @answers < 30 )
  {
  vecsum(factor($n)) == vecsum(factor($n+1)) and push @answers, $n;
  $n++;
  }
print "factors:\n\n@answers\n\n" =~ s/.{60}\K /\n/gr;

$n = 1;
@answers = ();
while( @answers < 30 )
  {
  vecsum(uniq factor($n)) == vecsum(uniq factor($n+1)) and push @answers, $n;
  $n++;
  }
print "divisors:\n\n@answers\n" =~ s/.{60}\K /\n/gr;
Output:
factors:

5 8 15 77 125 714 948 1330 1520 1862 2491 3248 4185 4191 5405
5560 5959 6867 8280 8463 10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490
20450 24895 26642 26649

divisors:

5 24 49 77 104 153 369 492 714 1682 2107 2299 2600 2783 5405
6556 6811 8855 9800 12726 13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880
25839 26642 35456 40081

Phix

Library: Phix/online

You can run this online here.

with javascript_semantics
procedure ruth_aaron(bool d, integer n=30, l=2, i=1)
    string fd = iff(d?"divisors":"factors"),
           ns = iff(n=1?"":sprintf(" %d",n)),
           ss = iff(n=1?"":"s"),
           nt = iff(l=2?"number":"triple")
    printf(1,"First%s Ruth-Aaron %s%s (%s):\n",{ns,nt,ss,fd})
    integer prev = -1, k = i, c = 0
    while n do
        sequence f = prime_factors(k,true,-1)
        if d then f = unique(f) end if
        integer s = sum(f)
        if s and s=prev then
            c += 1
            if c=l-1 then
                printf(1,"%d ",k-c)
                n -= 1
            end if
        else
            c = 0
        end if
        prev = s
        k += 1
    end while
    printf(1,"\n\n")
end procedure
atom t0 = time()
ruth_aaron(false)   -- https://oeis.org/A039752
ruth_aaron(true)    -- https://oeis.org/A006145
ruth_aaron(false, 1, 3) -- (2.1s)
-- give this one a little leg-up :-) ...
ruth_aaron(true, 1, 3, 89460000) -- (0.1s)
--ruth_aaron(true, 1, 3) -- (24 minutes 30s)
Output:
First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):
5 8 15 77 125 714 948 1330 1520 1862 2491 3248 4185 4191 5405 5560 5959 6867 8280 8463 10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649

First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):
5 24 49 77 104 153 369 492 714 1682 2107 2299 2600 2783 5405 6556 6811 8855 9800 12726 13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081

First Ruth-Aaron triple (factors):
417162

First Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors):
89460294

Quackery

primefactors is defined at Prime decomposition#Quackery.

  [ behead dup dip nested rot
    witheach
      [ tuck != if
          [ dup dip
            [ nested join ] ] ]
    drop ]                         is -duplicates   ( [ --> [ )

 [ primefactors -duplicates ]      is primedivisors ( n --> n )

 [ 0 swap witheach + ]             is sum           ( [ --> n )

  [ [] temp put
    3 2 primefactors sum
    [ over primefactors sum
      tuck = if
        [ over 1 -
          temp take
          swap join
          temp put ]
      dip 1+
      temp share size 30 = until ]
   2drop
   temp take ]                     is raf         (   -->   )

  [ [] temp put
    3 2 primedivisors sum
    [ over primedivisors sum
      tuck = if
        [ over 1 -
          temp take
          swap join
          temp put ]
      dip 1+
      temp share size 30 = until ]
   2drop
   temp take ]                     is rad          (   -->   )

  raf echo
  cr cr
  rad echo
Output:
[ 5 8 15 77 125 714 948 1330 1520 1862 2491 3248 4185 4191 5405 5560 5959 6867 8280 8463 10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649 ]

[ 5 24 49 77 104 153 369 492 714 1682 2107 2299 2600 2783 5405 6556 6811 8855 9800 12726 13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081 ]

Raku

use Prime::Factor;

my @pf  = lazy (^∞).hyper(:1000batch).map: *.&prime-factors.sum;
my @upf = lazy (^∞).hyper(:1000batch).map: *.&prime-factors.unique.sum;

# Task: < 1 second
put "First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (Factors):\n" ~
(1..∞).grep( { @pf[$_] == @pf[$_ + 1] } )[^30];

put "\nFirst 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (Divisors):\n" ~
(1..∞).grep( { @upf[$_] == @upf[$_ + 1] } )[^30];

# Stretch: ~ 5 seconds
put "\nFirst Ruth-Aaron triple (Factors):\n" ~
(1..∞).first: { @pf[$_] == @pf[$_ + 1] == @pf[$_ + 2] }

# Really, really, _really_ slow. 186(!) minutes... but with no cheating or "leg up".
put "\nFirst Ruth-Aaron triple (Divisors):\n" ~
(1..∞).first: { @upf[$_] == @upf[$_ + 1] == @upf[$_ + 2] }
Output:
First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (Factors):
5 8 15 77 125 714 948 1330 1520 1862 2491 3248 4185 4191 5405 5560 5959 6867 8280 8463 10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649

First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (Divisors):
5 24 49 77 104 153 369 492 714 1682 2107 2299 2600 2783 5405 6556 6811 8855 9800 12726 13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081

First Ruth-Aaron triple (Factors):
417162

First Ruth-Aaron triple (Divisors):
89460294

RPL

Works with: RPL version HP-49C
« 1 → occ n
  « { } 1
    WHILE occ REPEAT
       'n' INCR FACTORS 
       DUP 1. « TYPE » DOLIST SWAP IFT  
       0 + ∑LIST
       IF SWAP OVER == THEN SWAP n 1 - + SWAP 'occ' 1. STO- END
    END 
    DROP "A006145" →TAG
» » 'A6145' STO

« 1 → occ n
  « { } 1
    WHILE occ REPEAT
       'n' INCR FACTORS 
       DUP 1. « TYPE » DOLIST  
       SWAP 2. « * » DOSUBS 0 + IFT
       0 + ∑LIST
       IF SWAP OVER == THEN SWAP n 1 - + SWAP 'occ' 1. STO- END
    END 
    DROP "A039752" →TAG
» » 'A39752' STO
30 A6145
30 A39752
Output:
2: A006145: { 5 24 49 77 104 153 369 492 714 1682 2107 2299 2600 2783 5405 6556 6811 8855 9800 12726 13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081 }
1: A039752: { 5 8 15 77 125 714 948 1330 1520 1862 2491 3248 4185 4191 5405 5560 5959 6867 8280 8463 10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649 }

Sidef

say "First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):"
say 30.by {|n| (sopfr(n) == sopfr(n+1)) && (n > 0) }.join(' ')

say "\nFirst 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):"
say 30.by {|n| ( sopf(n) ==  sopf(n+1)) && (n > 0) }.join(' ')
Output:
First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):
5 8 15 77 125 714 948 1330 1520 1862 2491 3248 4185 4191 5405 5560 5959 6867 8280 8463 10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649

First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):
5 24 49 77 104 153 369 492 714 1682 2107 2299 2600 2783 5405 6556 6811 8855 9800 12726 13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081

Wren

Library: Wren-math
Library: Wren-seq
Library: Wren-fmt

To find the first thirty Ruth-Aaron pairs and the first triple based on factors takes around 2.2 seconds.

However, with nearly 90 million trios of numbers to slog through, it takes around 68 minutes to find the first triple based on divisors.

import "./math" for Int, Nums
import "./seq" for Lst
import "./fmt" for Fmt

var resF = []
var resD = []
var resT = [] // factors only
var n = 2
var factors1 = []
var factors2 = [2]
var factors3 = [3]
var sum1 = 0
var sum2 = 2
var sum3 = 3
var countF = 0
var countD = 0
var countT = 0
while (countT < 1 || countD < 30 || countF < 30) {
    factors1 = factors2
    factors2 = factors3
    factors3 = Int.primeFactors(n+2)
    sum1 = sum2
    sum2 = sum3
    sum3 = Nums.sum(factors3)
    if (countF < 30 && sum1 == sum2) {
        resF.add(n)
        countF = countF + 1
    }
    if (sum1 == sum2 && sum2 == sum3) {
        resT.add(n)
        countT = countT + 1
    }
    if (countD < 30) {
        var factors4 = factors1.toList
        var factors5 = factors2.toList
        Lst.prune(factors4)
        Lst.prune(factors5)
        if (Nums.sum(factors4) == Nums.sum(factors5)) {
            resD.add(n)
            countD = countD + 1
        }
    }
    n = n + 1
}

System.print("First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):")
System.print(resF.join(" "))
System.print("\nFirst 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):")
System.print(resD.join(" "))
System.print("\nFirst Ruth-Aaron triple (factors):")
System.print(resT[0])

resT = [] // divisors only
n = 2
factors1 = []
factors2 = [2]
factors3 = [3]
sum1 = 0
sum2 = 2
sum3 = 3
countT = 0
while (countT < 1) {
    factors1 = factors2
    factors2 = factors3
    factors3 = Int.primeFactors(n+2)
    Lst.prune(factors3)
    sum1 = sum2
    sum2 = sum3
    sum3 = Nums.sum(factors3)
    if (sum1 == sum2 && sum2 == sum3) {
        resT.add(n)
        countT = countT + 1
    }
    n = n + 1
}

System.print("\nFirst Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors):")
System.print(resT[0])
Output:
First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (factors):
5 8 15 77 125 714 948 1330 1520 1862 2491 3248 4185 4191 5405 5560 5959 6867 8280 8463 10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649

First 30 Ruth-Aaron numbers (divisors):
5 24 49 77 104 153 369 492 714 1682 2107 2299 2600 2783 5405 6556 6811 8855 9800 12726 13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081

First Ruth-Aaron triple (factors):
417162

First Ruth-Aaron triple (divisors):
89460294

XPL0

func DivSum(N, AllDiv); \Return sum of divisors
int  N, AllDiv; \all divisors vs. only prime divisors
int  F, F0, S, Q;
[F:= 2;  F0:= 0;  S:= 0;
repeat  Q:= N/F;
        if rem(0) = 0 then
            [if AllDiv then S:= S+F
            else if F # F0 then
                [S:= S+F;  F0:= F];
            N:= Q;
            ]
        else F:= F+1;
until   F > N;
return S;
];

proc Ruth(AllDiv);      \Show Ruth-Aaron numbers
int  AllDiv;
int  C, S, S0, N;
[C:= 0;  S0:= 0;
N:= 2;
repeat  S:= DivSum(N, AllDiv);
        if S = S0 then
            [IntOut(0, N-1);
            C:= C+1;
            if rem(C/10) = 0 then CrLf(0) else ChOut(0, ^ );
            ];
        S0:= S;
        N:= N+1;
until   C >= 30;
];

[Ruth(true);
CrLf(0);
Ruth(false);
]
Output:
5 8 15 77 125 714 948 1330 1520 1862
2491 3248 4185 4191 5405 5560 5959 6867 8280 8463
10647 12351 14587 16932 17080 18490 20450 24895 26642 26649

5 24 49 77 104 153 369 492 714 1682
2107 2299 2600 2783 5405 6556 6811 8855 9800 12726
13775 18655 21183 24024 24432 24880 25839 26642 35456 40081
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