Narcissistic decimal number/C
Find narcissistic numbers in bases 2 to 36. Pass the base on commandline argument, or have it default to base 10. It finds all 88 base-10 numbers in a few seconds. <lang c>#include <stdio.h>
- include <stdlib.h>
- include <string.h>
- include <math.h>
- include <gmp.h>
int base; int number_width; int trans[256] = {0};
int *chosen; int *count_diff; mpz_t **dpow; mpz_t *total; mpz_t max_total, min_total, top;
typedef struct { int d, cnt; } dc; dc ** new_digits;
- define ORD(x) trans[(unsigned char)str_total[x]]
- define ALLOC(x, len) x = malloc(sizeof(*x)*(len))
- define ZERO(p, len) memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p)*(len))
char *str_top, *str_total; void show_result(mpz_t z) { static int cnt = 0; if (base != 10) gmp_printf("%d: %s = %Zd (10)\n", ++cnt, str_total, z); else gmp_printf("%d: %s\n", ++cnt, str_total); }
// check that digit power sum and chosen digits have same set of digits void verify(mpz_t z) { int count[base]; ZERO(count, base);
mpz_get_str(str_total, base, z); for (int i = 0; i < number_width; i++) ++count[ORD(i)];
// ignore counts on digit 0; it doesn't affect the sum for (int i = base - 1; i; i--) if (count[i] != chosen[i]) return;
show_result(z); }
static inline int diff_is_bust(int d) { for (int i = d; i < base; i++) if (count_diff[i] < 0) return 1; return 0; }
// Currently selecting digit 'd', need 'need' more digits. // Given chosen digits so far, see if the sum of digits powers // can be eliminated early. void extend(int d, int need, int fixed) {
- define T total[d-1]
- define S total[d]
if (!d || !need) { verify(S); return; }
const int old_d = chosen[d]; // save the existing count of d for (int n = 0; n <= need; n++) { int rem = need - n; if (n) chosen[d]++;
// add new d's to current power sum mpz_add(T, S, dpow[d][n]); if (mpz_cmp(T, max_total) >= 0) break;
if (!rem) { verify(T); break; }
// after selecting n d's, the biggest sum we can possibly get // is by filling the remaining blanks with d-1 mpz_add(top, T, dpow[d-1][rem]); if (mpz_cmp(top, min_total) < 0) continue;
// a homebrew MP integer what uses the base natively is slower // in addtions, but much faster in retrieving digits. Overall it // would be faster, but code would be much longer (I tried).
ZERO(count_diff, base); mpz_get_str(str_top, base, top); mpz_get_str(str_total, base, T);
if (str_top[fixed] != str_total[fixed]) { // no new fixed digit extend(d - 1, rem, fixed); continue; }
// Count how many leading digits are common between total and top; // these digits can't change regardless of subsequent recursions. int f; for (f = 0; f < number_width && str_top[f] == str_total[f]; f++) ++count_diff[ORD(f)];
for (int i = 0; i < base; i++) count_diff[i] = chosen[i] - count_diff[i];
// More digits >= d than we have chosen, and we've // already done selecting them, so no need to continue if (diff_is_bust(d)) continue;
// Add newly fixed digits into selection, and remember them // for later restoration dc* const add = new_digits[d]; dc* end = add;
for (int i = 0; i < d; i++) { if (count_diff[i] < 0) { end->d = i; end->cnt = -count_diff[i]; ++end; rem += count_diff[i]; } }
// Don't have space for new lower digits, next. // It seems using a 'break' here has no ill effect, but I can't // justify it. if (rem < 0) continue;
// add new digits to power sum for (dc* a = add; a != end; a++) { chosen[a->d] += a->cnt; mpz_add(T, T, dpow[a->d][a->cnt]); }
extend(d - 1, rem, f);
// restore digit selection for (dc *a = add; a != end; a++) chosen[a->d] -= a->cnt; } chosen[d] = old_d;
- undef T
- undef S
}
void solve(int w) { number_width = w;
// initialize values for current width for (int b = 0; b < base; b++) { mpz_set_ui(dpow[b][0], 0); mpz_ui_pow_ui(dpow[b][1], b, w); for (int p = 2; p <= w; p++) mpz_mul_ui(dpow[b][p], dpow[b][1], p); } mpz_ui_pow_ui(max_total, base, w); mpz_ui_pow_ui(min_total, base, w - 1);
mpz_set_ui(total[base - 1], 0); extend(base - 1, w, 0); }
int main(int argc, char **argv) { if (argc < 2 || (base = atoi(argv[1])) < 2 || base > 36) base = 10;
for (int i = '0'; i <= '9'; i++) trans[i] = i - '0'; for (int i = 'a'; i <= 'z'; i++) trans[i] = i + 10 - 'a';
int k; // max length of numbers for (k = 1; log(k) + k*log(base - 1) >= (k-1)*log(base); k++);
ALLOC(chosen, base); ALLOC(count_diff, base); ALLOC(str_top, k+1); ALLOC(str_total, k+1); ALLOC(total, base); ALLOC(dpow, base);
for (int i = 0; i < base; i++) { ALLOC(dpow[i], k); for (int j = 0; j < k; j++) mpz_init(dpow[i][j]); mpz_init(total[i]); }
ALLOC(new_digits, base); for (int i = 0; i < base; i++) ALLOC(new_digits[i], base);
mpz_init(max_total); mpz_init(min_total); mpz_init(top);
ZERO(chosen, base); for (int w = 1; w < k; w++) solve(w);
return 0; }</lang>