Parameterized SQL statement

Parameterized SQL statement
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.

Parameterized SQL statements are an easy way to avoid SQL injection attacks. SQL drivers and libraries will automatically "sanitize" input to parameterized SQL statements to avoid these catastrophic database attacks.

Using a SQL update statement like this one (spacing is optional): <lang sql>UPDATE players

  SET name = 'Smith, Steve', score = 42, active = true
  WHERE jerseyNum = 99</lang>

show how to make a parameterized SQL statement, set the parameters to the values given above, and execute the statement.

Ada

<lang Ada> -- Version for sqlite with GNATCOLL.SQL_Impl; use GNATCOLL.SQL_Impl; with GNATCOLL.SQL.Exec; use GNATCOLL.SQL.Exec; with GNATCOLL.SQL.Sqlite; use GNATCOLL.SQL;

procedure Prepared_Query is

  DB_Descr : Database_Description;
  Conn     : Database_Connection;
  Query    : Prepared_Statement;
  --sqlite does not support boolean fields
  True_Str : aliased String          := "TRUE";
  Param    : SQL_Parameters (1 .. 4) :=
    (1 => (Parameter_Text, null),
     2 => (Parameter_Integer, 0),
     3 => (Parameter_Text, null),
     4 => (Parameter_Integer, 0));

begin

  -- Allocate and initialize the description of the connection
  Setup_Database (DB_Descr, "rosetta.db", "", "", "", DBMS_Sqlite);
  -- Allocate the connection
  Conn := Sqlite.Build_Sqlite_Connection (DB_Descr);
  -- Initialize the connection
  Reset_Connection (DB_Descr, Conn);
  Query :=
     Prepare
       ("UPDATE players SET name = ?, score = ?, active = ? " &
        " WHERE jerseyNum = ?");
  declare
     Name : aliased String := "Smith, Steve";
  begin
     Param := ("+" (Name'Access), "+" (42), "+" (True_Str'Access), "+" (99));
     Execute (Conn, Query, Param);
  end;
  Commit_Or_Rollback (Conn);
  Free (Conn);
  Free (DB_Descr);

end Prepared_Query;

</lang>

C_sharp

<lang csharp> using System.Data.Sql; using System.Data.SqlClient;

namespace ConsoleApplication1 {

   class Program
   {
       static void Main(string[] args)
       {
           SqlConnection tConn = new SqlConnection("ConnectionString");

           SqlCommand tCommand = new SqlCommand();
           tCommand.Connection = tConn;
           tCommand.CommandText = "UPDATE players SET name = @name, score = @score, active = @active WHERE jerseyNum = @jerseyNum";

           tCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@name", System.Data.SqlDbType.VarChar).Value = "Smith, Steve");
           tCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@score", System.Data.SqlDbType.Int).Value = "42");
           tCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@active", System.Data.SqlDbType.Bit).Value = true);
           tCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@jerseyNum", System.Data.SqlDbType.Int).Value = "99");

           tCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
       }
   }

} </lang>

Java

<lang java>import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

public class DBDemo{

  private String protocol; //set this to some connection protocol like "jdbc:sqlserver://"
  private String dbName;   //set this to the name of your database
  private String username;
  private String password;

  Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(protocol + dbName, username, password);
  PreparedStatement query;

  public int setUpAndExecPS(){
     query = conn.prepareStatement(
           "UPDATE players SET name = ?, score = ?, active = ? WHERE jerseyNum = ?");

     query.setString(1, "Smith, Steve");//automatically sanitizes and adds quotes
     query.setInt(2, 42);
     query.setBoolean(3, true);
     query.setInt(4, 99);
     //there are similar methods for other SQL types in PerparedStatement

     return query.executeUpdate();//returns the number of rows changed
     //PreparedStatement.executeQuery() will return a java.sql.ResultSet,
     //execute() will simply return a boolean saying whether it succeeded or not
  }

}</lang>

Perl

<lang perl> use DBI;

my $db = DBI->connect('DBI:mysql:mydatabase:host','login','password');

$statment = $db->prepare("UPDATE players SET name = ?, score = ?, active = ? WHERE jerseyNum = ?");

$rows_affected = $statment->execute("Smith, Steve",42,'true',99);</lang>

PHP

<lang php>$updatePlayers = "UPDATE `players` SET `name` = ?, `score` = ?, `active` = ?\n". "WHERE `jerseyNum` = ?"; $dbh = new PDO( "mysql:dbname=db;host=localhost", "username", "password" );

$updateStatement = $dbh->prepare( $updatePlayers );

$updateStatement->bindValue( 1, "Smith, Steve", PDO::PARAM_STR ); $updateStatement->bindValue( 2, 42, PDO::PARAM_INT ); $updateStatement->bindValue( 3, 1, PDO::PARAM_INT ); $updateStatement->bindValue( 4, 99, PDO::PARAM_INT );

$updateStatement->execute();

// alternatively pass parameters as an array to the execute method $updateStatement = $dbh->prepare( $updatePlayers ); $updateStatement->execute( array( "Smith, Steve", 42, 1, 99 ) );</lang>

PicoLisp

As PicoLisp uses normal function calls for DB manipulations, thus parameters are always treated as plain data and are not executed. <lang PicoLisp>(for P (collect 'jerseyNum '+Players 99)

  (put!> P 'name "Smith, Steve")
  (put!> P 'score 42)
  (put!> P 'active T) )</lang>

Python

Translation of: Ruby

<lang python>import sqlite3

db = sqlite3.connect(':memory:')

1. setup

db.execute('create temp table players (name, score, active, jerseyNum)') db.execute('insert into players values ("name",0,"false",99)') db.execute('insert into players values ("name",0,"false",100)')

1. demonstrate parameterized SQL

1. example 1 -- simple placeholders

db.execute('update players set name=?, score=?, active=? where jerseyNum=?', ('Smith, Steve', 42, True, 99))

1. example 2 -- named placeholders

db.execute('update players set name=:name, score=:score, active=:active where jerseyNum=:num',

   {'num': 100,
    'name': 'John Doe',
    'active': False,
    'score': -1}

)

1. and show the results

for row in db.execute('select * from players'):

  print(row)</lang>

outputs

(u'Smith, Steve', 42, 1, 99)
(u'John Doe', -1, 0, 100)

Ruby

Using the

Library: sqlite3-ruby

gem

<lang ruby>require 'sqlite3'

db = SQLite3::Database.new(":memory:")

1. setup

db.execute('create temp table players (name, score, active, jerseyNum)') db.execute('insert into players values ("name",0,"false",99)') db.execute('insert into players values ("name",0,"false",100)') db.execute('insert into players values ("name",0,"false",101)')

1. demonstrate parameterized SQL

1. example 1 -- simple placeholders

db.execute('update players set name=?, score=?, active=? where jerseyNum=?', 'Smith, Steve', 42, true, 99)

1. example 2 -- named placeholders

db.execute('update players set name=:name, score=:score, active=:active where jerseyNum=:num',

   :num => 100,
   :name => 'John Doe',
   :active => false,
   :score => -1

)

1. example 3 -- numbered placeholders

stmt = db.prepare('update players set name=?4, score=?3, active=?2 where jerseyNum=?1') stmt.bind_param(1, 101) stmt.bind_param(2, true) stmt.bind_param(3, 3) stmt.bind_param(4, "Robert'; DROP TABLE players--") stmt.execute

1. and show the results

db.execute2('select * from players') {|row| p row}</lang> outputs

["name", "score", "active", "jerseyNum"]
["Smith, Steve", "42", "true", "99"]
["John Doe", "-1", "false", "100"]
["Robert'; DROP TABLE players--", "3", "true", "101"]

PureBasic

<lang PureBasic>UseSQLiteDatabase()

DatabaseFile$ = GetTemporaryDirectory()+"/Batadase.sqt"

all kind of variables for the given case

table$ = "players"
name$ = "Smith, Steve"  
score.w = 42
active$ ="TRUE"
jerseynum.w =99

If OpenDatabase(0, DatabaseFile$, "", "")
   Result =  DatabaseUpdate((0, "UPDATE "+table$+" SET name = '"+name$+"', score = '"+Str(score)+"', active = '"+active$+"' WHERE jerseyNum = "+Str(num)+";")
    If Result = 0
       Debug DatabaseError()
    EndIf
   CloseDatabase(0)
Else
   Debug "Can't open database !"
EndIf</lang>

Tcl

Works with: Tcl version 8.6

<lang tcl>package require Tcl 8.6

1. These next two lines are the only ones specific to SQLite

package require tdbc::sqlite3 set db [tdbc::sqlite3::connection new /path/to/database.sql]

1. Use a helper procedure to make a scope

proc setPlayer {db jersey -> playerName playerScore playerActive} {

   # Note that the '->' above is just syntactic noise for readability
   $db allrows {

UPDATE players SET name = :playerName, score = :playerScore, active = :playerActive WHERE jerseyNum = :jersey

   }
   # The named parameters are bound to local variables by default

}

1. How to use...

setPlayer $db 99 -> "Smith, Steve" 42 true

1. With apologies to http://xkcd.com/327/

setPlayer $db 76 -> "Robert'; DROP TABLE players--" 0 false $db close</lang>