Control Structures: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 17:44, 12 January 2007
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
Control structures are features of programming languages that influence the code flow. Two common examples are loops and conditions. The task here is to demonstrate control structures supported by different programming languages.
Conditional
These control structures depend on conditions to control their behavior.
C
if-then-else
Compiler: GCC 4.1.2
int main (void) { int input = 2; if ( 3 == input ) { // Do something }
if ( 3 == input ) { // Do something } else { // Do something else } }
switch
Compiler: GCC 4.1.2
int main (void) { int input = 42;
switch (input) { case 0: // Do something, because input = 0 break; case 1: // Do something, because input = 1 break; case 2: // Do something, because input = 2 default: // Do something else. break; // Optional } }
while
Compiler: GCC 4.1.2
int main (void) { int condition = 1; while ( condition ) { // Do something // Don't forget to change the value of condition. // If it remains nonzero, we'll have an infinite loop. } }
do-while
Compiler: GCC 4.1.2 int main (void) {
int condition = 1;
do { // Do something // Don't forget to change the value of condition. // If it remains nonzero, we'll have an infinite loop. } while ( condition );
}
C++
if-then-else
Compiler: GCC 4.1.2
int main (void) { int input = 2; if ( 3 == input ) { // Do something }
if ( 3 == input ) { // Do something } else { // Do something else } }
switch
Compiler: GCC 4.1.2
int main (void) { int input = 42;
switch (input) { case 0: // Do something, because input = 0 break; case 1: // Do something, because input = 1 break; case 2: // Do something, because input = 2 default: // Do something else. break; // Optional } }
while
Compiler: GCC 4.1.2
int main (void) { int condition = 1; while ( condition ) { // Do something // Don't forget to change the value of condition. // If it remains nonzero, we'll have an infinite loop. } }
do-while
Compiler: GCC 4.1.2 int main (void) {
int condition = 1;
do { // Do something // Don't forget to change the value of condition. // If it remains nonzero, we'll have an infinite loop. } while ( condition );
}
Perl
if-then-else
Interpreter: Perl 5.8.8
#!/usr/bin/perl -w use strict; my $condition1 = 0; my $condition2 = 1; if ( $condition1 ) { # Do something }
#!/usr/bin/perl -w use strict; my $condition1 = 0; my $condition2 = 1; if ( $condition1 ) { # Do something } elsif ( $condition2 ) { # Do somethine else }
#!/usr/bin/perl -w use strict; my $condition1 = 0; my $condition2 = 1; if ( $condition1 ) { # Do something } else { # Do something else }
#!/usr/bin/perl -w use strict; my $condition1 = 0; my $condition2 = 1; if ( $condition1 ) { # Do something } elsif ( $condition2 ) { # Do something else } else { # Do that other thing }
unless
Interpreter: Perl 5.8.8
#!/usr/bin/perl -w use strict; my $condition1 = 0; unless ( $condition1 ) { # Do something } unless ( $condition1 ) { # Do something } else { # Do something else }
while
Interpreter: Perl 5.8.8
#!/usr/bin/perl -w use strict; my $condition1 = 0; while ( $condition1 ) { # Do something. # Remember to change the value of condition1 at some point. }
do-while
Interpreter: Perl 5.8.8
#!/usr/bin/perl -w use strict; my $condition1 = 0; do { # Do something. # Remember to change the value of condition1 at some point. } while ( $condition1 );
until
Interpreter: Perl 5.8.8
#!/usr/bin/perl -w use strict; my $condition1 = 1; until ( $condition1 ) { # Do something. # Remember to change the value of condition1 at some point. }
do-until
Interpreter: Perl 5.8.8
#!/usr/bin/perl -w use strict; my $condition1 = 1; do { # Do something. # Remember to change the value of condition1 at some point. } until ( $condition1 );
for
Interpreter: Perl 5.8.8
#!/usr/bin/perl -w use strict; my $limit = 5; for ( my $iterator = 0; $iterator < $limit; $iterator++ ) { # Do something }
Iterative
These control structure operate on datasets.
Perl
foreach
Interpreter: Perl 5.8.8
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict;
my @array = ("Value1", "Value2", "Value3", "Value4", "Value5");
foreach ( @array ) { my $item = $_ # Do something with $_. }
Iterative
These control structures operate on data sets.
Perl
foreach
Interpreter: Perl 5.8.8
#!/usr/bin/perl -w use strict; my @array = ( 'Value1', 'Value2', 'Value3' ); foreach (@array) { my $arrayitem = $_; # Do something }